JPH01275299A - Method and device for transporting live fish - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To transport live fish at reduced equipment and operation costs by allowing fresh water taken from outside a vessel to pass through a water trough provided in the hull, and transporting the fish in the trough while it swims against the water stream. CONSTITUTION:When a vessel is cruising, fresh water outside the vessel is introduced from a water intake 3, diffused into near a uniform stream by an increasing conduit pipe, put into a water trough 2, allowed to pass through, and exhausted to outside the vessel from an exhaust hole 5 via a reducing conduit pipe 6. Because live fish generally swims against the stream, the fish accommodated in the water trough 2 does alike when a water stream is generated in the water trough 2. This allows live fish to exercise motion in optimum environment, which keeps tightened quality of the flesh. Further there is no need to refill the water stream producing energy, which accomplishes a very aconomical live fish facility. Also supply of fresh water at all times permits omission or simplification of devices for oxygen refill, water purification, water temp. adjustment, etc., to lead reduction of the facility and operation costs to a great extent.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a live fish transportation method and apparatus.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, aquaculture fishing has become popular and the number of types of farmed fish is increasing.
In general, farmed fish have the disadvantage that the meat is less firm and the market price is much lower than that of wild fish.

For example, in the case of farmed sweetfish, there is a method of keeping the sweetfish in a circular aquarium at shallow depth, and making the water in the tank circulate in one direction so that the ayu constantly swims against the current, thereby improving the body's elasticity. is taken.

However, with this method, it is difficult to make the flow velocity close to that of natural rapids, and sufficient effects have not been achieved.

In addition, because Akashi and Naruto sea bream swim in the currents of the strait, wild sea breams move freely and take a lot of exercise chasing live small fish, so their bodies are firm and twice as strong as those of normally farmed sea bream. is traded at a price of

In recent years, even farmed saltwater fish have been forced to swim in high-speed water for several days before being shipped, making their bodies similar to those of natural fish before being supplied to the market.
It has been well received and profits are increasing.

As a way to transport large quantities of fish from production or fishing areas to consumption areas while preventing a drop in market prices, there are several ways to transport large quantities of fish from production or fishing areas to consumption areas, such as transporting them in refrigerated trucks or reefer ships after rapid freezing, or transporting them in tank trucks, boats with tanks, or boats with cages. Live fish transportation methods are used, such as transporting live fish while pumping them.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the method of transporting the food using a refrigerated truck or a refrigerated ship requires refrigeration equipment for all transportation and storage systems, which requires a large amount of equipment cost and also requires time and effort to thaw immediately before consumption.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned transportation method using a water tank truck or tank boat requires various equipment and management techniques such as oxygen supply, water temperature adjustment, and water purification during transportation. However, some types of fish are susceptible to vibrations, making it impossible to transport them over long distances.

Another disadvantage is that the fish in the cage cannot be forced to swim.

A conceivable transportation method that can solve these problems is to use a boat, have an aquarium equipped with a seawater circulation system inside the vessel, store live fish in the aquarium, and transport the fish while swimming.

According to this method, live fish can be constantly exercised, so the firmness of cultured fish can be improved until just before landing at the consumption area, and freshness can be easily maintained. Moreover, the number of voyage days can be reduced from the minimum number of exercise days required. This has the advantage that the number of days of forced exercise at the farm can be reduced by the number of days deducted, and the cost of tightening fish meat can be reduced.

However, this method also requires various equipment such as an oxygen supply device into the aquarium, a water temperature control device in the aquarium, and a water purification device in the aquarium, which poses a problem in that equipment costs and operating costs increase.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for transporting live fish that can solve the problems of the prior art described above, that can transport live fish while always stacking them in fresh water, and that can reduce equipment and operating costs. It is to be.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention achieves the above object by using a method for transporting live fish, in which fresh water taken from outside the ship is passed through a water tank inside the ship, and the fish are transported in the tank while swimming against the water current.

Further, the present invention provides a device for carrying out the above live fish transportation method that includes a water tank in the hull, a water intake port on the bow side and a conduit connecting the water intake port to the water tank, and a drain port and a water tank on the stern side. a conduit connecting the drain to the water tank;
To provide a live fish transport device configured so that fresh water from outside the ship automatically flows through the tank as the ship navigates.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration, a flow of fresh water is generated in the aquarium just by the ship sailing, so oxygen supplementation, water purification, water temperature adjustment, etc. are unnecessary or can be done with mere assistance, and furthermore, the ship can be propelled. Since the water flow is generated by force, the energy required to generate the water flow can be kept to a minimum.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a live fish transportation device suitable for carrying out the live fish transportation method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.

In Figures 1 and 2, a water tank 2 for storing and loading live fish is configured inside a hull 1, and a water intake 3 and a water tank 2 are located on the bow side of the hull 1 (right side in the drawings) Water intake 3
A conduit 4 is provided to connect the water to the water tank 2, and a drain port 5 and a conduit 6 to connect the drain port 5 to the water tank 2 are provided on the bow side of the hull 1 (left side in the drawing). .

In the illustrated example, the water intake port 3 and the conduit 4 are provided at two locations on the left and right, and the conduit 4 has a diffused shape.

In the illustrated example, the drain port 5 and the conduit 6 are also provided at two locations on the left and right, and the conduit 6 has a contracted flow shape.

In FIG. 1, 7 indicates the water surface, and the water surface in the water tank 2 is at the same level as the draft surface of the hull 1.

According to the structure of the hull 1 described above, when the ship sails, fresh water from outside the ship automatically flows through the water tank 2 as shown by the arrow.

Reference numeral 8 indicates a main engine (engine) of the ship, and the main engine 8 drives a propulsion machine (propeller) 9 protruding from the rear of the ship. The propulsion device 9 has its shaft portion supported by a support 10 by a bearing.

Further, a rudder 11 is provided on the stern side.

When the ship is sailing, fresh water from outside the ship is introduced from the water intake port 3, diffused by the diffused conduit 4 until it becomes a nearly uniform flow, enters the water tank 2, and after flowing, it flows into a condensed flow conduit 4. conduit 6
It passes through the drain port 5 and is discharged to the outside of the ship.

The flow velocity in the water tank 2 is determined by the speed of the ship, the ratio of the area of the water intake port 3 or the drain port 5 to the cross-sectional area of the water tank 2, and the like.

Generally, live fish swim against the water current, so when the aforementioned water current occurs in the aquarium 2, the live fish stored in the aquarium will continue swimming against the current as well.

It is required that the flow velocity in the water tank 2 be set independently of the ship's speed, and for this purpose a pump 12.12 is provided in the stern conduit 6.6. For example, when the appropriate flow rate for live fish cannot be obtained depending on the boat speed, these pumps 12
．． By driving the water tank 12, external water can be taken in at a speed higher than the ship speed, and the amount of water flowing through the water tank 2 (flow speed) can be adjusted to an appropriate value.

Also, the bow side conduit 4.4 and the stern side conduit 6.
6 are connected to each other by reflux pipes 14 and 14 as shown.

The outlet 5.5 conduit 6.6 and the reflux tube 14.1
At the branch point with 4, there is a position where the reflux pipe 14.14 is closed, as shown by the solid line in FIG. A switching valve (occlusion valve) 15.15 is provided which can be switched between the two positions.

Furthermore, each of the conduits 4.4.6.6 on the bow side (right side of the drawing) and the stern side (left side of the drawing) are communicated with the return pipe 14.14, and the water intake port 3.3 and the drain port 5.5 are connected. Pumps are closed to form a closed circuit and installed at desired locations in each conduit 4.4.6.6 and the reflux tube 14.14 (in the illustrated example, the pump is installed in the stern conduit 6.6). A live fish transport device is constructed in which water can be circulated in the closed circuit with a regulating pump 2.12).

The closed circuit described above is used, for example, as follows.

For example, when navigating through contaminated waters, close the water intake port 3.3 to the blockage valve 1.
6.16, and switch the switching valve 15.15 to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in Figure 1 to close the drain port 5.5, thereby forming a closed circuit including the water tank 2 and the reflux pipe 14.14. Then, if the pump 12.12 is driven, the water in the water tank 2 can be circulated in the direction of the chain arrow.
Live fish can be protected from contaminated water.

After passing through the contaminated water area, by opening the valve 16.16 of the water intake port 3 and switching the switching valve 15.15 to the open position of the drain port 5.5 shown in solid line, fresh water from outside the vessel can be taken in again. A water current can be generated in the water tank 2 by using the speed of the ship. In this case, the pump 12.12 is stopped, but if necessary it can be driven at the desired speed as described above.

In addition, when anchored at a port without cargo handling or when sailing at low speed, water intake port 3.3 is opened and switching valve 15.15 is closed.
Set the drain port 5.5 to the open position, and turn the pump 12.12
to drive. In this case, the flow velocity in the aquarium 2 may not reach the optimal velocity for live fish, but it is effective because it can increase the momentum of live fish compared to a still water state.

Further, the inside of the aquarium 2 is divided into a plurality of chambers by cages 18 made of wire mesh or the like, so that different types of fish can be stored separately.

If a large number of live fish of various species are housed in one aquarium 2, it takes a lot of time and manpower to pull them out of the aquarium 2 and sort them when landing.

Therefore, for example, it is possible to carry out the method by submerging rectangular parallelepiped live fish storage cages made of wire mesh with lids stacked in multiple stages to form a plurality of chambers in the aquarium 2, and sorting and storing them in each cage.

In this case, if each live fish storage cage is equipped with a metal fitting or a rope so that it can be easily pulled up from the aquarium 2 by hooking it onto a crane hook, the resistance to water flow during transportation will be small. Moreover, unloading time can be minimized, and a live fish transportation device with excellent transportation efficiency can be obtained.

Further, it is preferable that the volume and mesh size of the live fish storage cage be appropriately selected depending on the species of fish.

It should be noted that the water surface of the tank 2 is a free water surface, and that the water in the tank 2 moves back and forth or left and right due to the pitching and rolling of the ship, and the center of gravity of the ship moves back and forth, left and right, or in the combined direction. If the oscillation period and the wave period are synchronized, the shaking may be amplified. In addition, there may be problems such as the ship making complicated movements, causing a decrease in ship speed, or having to reduce the ship's speed for safe navigation.

Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, a ripple prevention plate 20 is provided that forms a flat surface at a position that coincides with or is very close to the free water surface 7 of the water tank 2.

The ripple prevention plate 20 can be opened upward in a double-fold style from a hinge provided on the side wall or the front and back walls of the water tank 2, for example, and when it is closed, the mating end is held close to the water surface 7 as shown in the figure. It is possible to create a double door structure that maintains a flat surface by connecting with metal fittings or the like.

In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, the water intake port 3, the drain port 5, the conduit 4
．． 6. Although the circulation pipes 14 and the like are provided at two locations on the left and right, the number and arrangement of these can be freely selected.

Also, pump 12.12 or occlusion valve 15.15.1
The arrangement and number of 6.16 are also not limited to the illustrated example and can be freely selected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, fresh water taken from outside the ship is passed through a water tank inside the ship, and fish are transported in the tank while swimming against the water current, so live fish can be transported. A method for transporting live fish can be obtained that allows exercise in an optimal environment, tightens the meat, and maintains the best quality.

Further, according to the live fish transportation device of the present invention, a water tank is provided in the hull, a water intake port and a conduit connecting the water intake port to the water tank are provided on the bow side, and a drain port and the drain port are provided on the stern side. A conduit connected to the water tank is provided, and fresh water from outside the ship is configured to automatically flow through the water tank as the ship navigates, so there is no need to add all the energy to generate running water, and the main engine etc. Flowing water can be created by simply adding flow resistance, resulting in an extremely economical live fish transportation device. At the same time, fresh water is always supplied, and oxygen supplementation equipment, water purification equipment, water temperature adjustment equipment, etc. can be omitted or simplified, greatly reducing equipment and operating costs. The hull can also be made smaller, reducing hull costs and providing a live fish transportation device with excellent overall economic efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a transport ship implementing the method and apparatus for transporting live fish according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the transport ship of FIG. 1. 1----------1 hull, 2----------1 water tank, 3------------ Water intake, 4-----------
---One conduit, 5---------One drain, 6-
----------- One conduit, 12--------- Pump, 14------ One flow tube, 15------
---Switching valve, 16----- one-occlusion valve.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A method for transporting live fish, characterized in that fresh water taken from outside the ship is passed through a water tank inside the ship, and the fish are transported in the tank while swimming against the water current. (2) A water tank is provided inside the hull, and a water intake port and a conduit connecting the water intake port to the water tank are provided on the bow side, and a drain port and a conduit connecting the drain port to the water tank are provided on the stern side. . A live fish transport device configured so that fresh water from outside the ship automatically flows through the tank as the ship navigates. (3) The live fish transportation device according to claim 2, wherein a pump is provided in at least one of the conduits on the bow side and the stern side, so that the amount of water flowing through can be adjusted. (4) Connect the bow side and stern side conduits with a circulation pipe, close the water intake and drainage ports to form a closed circuit, and pump water using pumps installed at desired positions of each of the conduits and circulation pipes. 3. The live fish transportation device according to claim 2, wherein the live fish transportation device circulates the fish. (5) The live fish transportation device according to claim 2, wherein baskets made of wire mesh or the like are stacked and stored in the aquarium, and fish are classified and transported by type in each basket.