JPH01271670A - Shape memory alloy element - Google Patents
Shape memory alloy elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01271670A JPH01271670A JP63099040A JP9904088A JPH01271670A JP H01271670 A JPH01271670 A JP H01271670A JP 63099040 A JP63099040 A JP 63099040A JP 9904088 A JP9904088 A JP 9904088A JP H01271670 A JPH01271670 A JP H01271670A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- alloy element
- cooling
- base metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は加熱・冷却にによる形状変化を利用してアクチ
ュエータ等を構成する形状記憶合金素子に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a shape memory alloy element that constitutes an actuator or the like by utilizing shape change due to heating and cooling.
［従来の技術］
加熱・冷却による形状記憶合金素子の形状変化を利用し
たアクチュエータ等が知られているが、その応答速度は
形状記憶合金素子を加熱するに要する時間と、冷却に要
する時間に比例する。[Prior art] Actuators and the like that utilize the shape change of a shape memory alloy element due to heating and cooling are known, but their response speed is proportional to the time required to heat the shape memory alloy element and the time required to cool it. do.
したがって、応答速度を速めるためにはその各時間をで
きる限り短くする必要がある。Therefore, in order to increase the response speed, it is necessary to make each of these times as short as possible.
二二で、一般に、形状記憶合金素子を加熱するに要する
時間は比較的短くて済む。通電加熱を例にとれば、′単
位時間当りの通電電力量を多くすることで加熱時間を容
易に短縮できる。Second, the time required to heat the shape memory alloy element is generally relatively short. Taking electric heating as an example, the heating time can be easily shortened by increasing the amount of electric power applied per unit time.
一方、形状記憶合金素子を冷却するに要する時間は比較
的長くなる。通電を遮断したなけでは迅速な冷却は不可
能であるからである。従来、この冷却を促進する手段と
して種々提案されている。On the other hand, the time required to cool the shape memory alloy element is relatively long. This is because rapid cooling is impossible without cutting off the electricity. Conventionally, various methods for promoting this cooling have been proposed.
その１つとして、可撓性材料で形成したパイプ内に形状
記憶合金素子を入れ、冷却ガスを流す方式（特開昭６１
−１７５２７８号公報、特開昭６０−２６１８１号公報
）がある。また、他の方式として、コイルスプリング状
に形成した形状記憶合金素子を軟質合成樹脂製のパイプ
に入れ、そのパイプ内に高温または低温の流体を交互に
出し入れして温度変化を与える方式がある。One method is to insert a shape memory alloy element into a pipe made of flexible material and flow cooling gas (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61
-175278, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-26181). Another method is to place a shape memory alloy element formed in the shape of a coil spring in a soft synthetic resin pipe, and to change the temperature by alternately introducing and removing high-temperature or low-temperature fluid into the pipe.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、前者の方式は力量不足になりやすく、ま
た、形状記憶処理が困難である。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the former method tends to lack skill, and shape memory processing is difficult.
また、後者の方式はは冷却効率を高めるためにコイルス
プリング状に形成することが必要で、製作上面倒である
。In addition, the latter method requires forming the coil spring into a coil spring shape in order to improve cooling efficiency, which is troublesome in terms of manufacturing.
さらに、上記両者とも冷却用流体を流通させることが必
要であるから、その冷却構造を複雑化する。Furthermore, both of the above require the circulation of cooling fluid, which complicates the cooling structure.
本発明は上記事情に着目してなされたもので、その目的
とするところは、簡易的な冷却手段により迅速に冷却す
ることができる形状記憶合金素子を提供することにある
。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a shape memory alloy element that can be rapidly cooled by a simple cooling means.
［課題を解決するための手段および作用］上記課題を解
決するために本発明の形状記憶合金素子は、その表面を
熱輻射特性のよい色に形成する簡易な冷却促進手段を組
み込んだものである。[Means and effects for solving the problems] In order to solve the above problems, the shape memory alloy element of the present invention incorporates a simple cooling promotion means that forms the surface of the element in a color with good heat radiation characteristics. .
したがって、加熱後に形状記憶合金素子の表面から熱を
すみやかに輻射し、迅速な冷却作用がなされる。このた
め、これを利用する各種のアクチュエータの応答速度を
高めることができる。Therefore, after heating, heat is immediately radiated from the surface of the shape memory alloy element, resulting in a rapid cooling effect. Therefore, the response speed of various actuators using this can be increased.
しかも、簡易な冷却手段を組み込めば、足りるから構成
の簡略化が図れる。Moreover, it is sufficient to incorporate a simple cooling means, thereby simplifying the configuration.
［実施例］
第１図は本発明の第１の実施例を示す形状記憶合金素子
１を示す。この形状記憶合金素子１は線状に形成した形
状記憶合金からなる地金２をコイルスプリング３に構成
してなる。この形状記憶合金素子１の地金２はその表面
を黒色になるように酸化し、黒色の酸化被膜４を形成し
ている。[Example] FIG. 1 shows a shape memory alloy element 1 showing a first example of the present invention. This shape memory alloy element 1 is constructed by configuring a coil spring 3 from a base metal 2 made of a shape memory alloy formed into a linear shape. The surface of the base metal 2 of the shape memory alloy element 1 is oxidized to black, forming a black oxide film 4.
したがって、この形状記憶合金素子１はその外表面を黒
色に着色したから、地金２のままの場合よりも、熱の輻
射を良好にし、冷却する際の放熱作用が迅速で冷却効率
が向上する。Therefore, since the outer surface of the shape memory alloy element 1 is colored black, the heat radiation is better than when the base metal 2 is used as is, and the heat dissipation action during cooling is rapid and the cooling efficiency is improved. .
第２図は本発明の第２の実施例を示す形状記憶合金素子
１を示す。これは形状記憶合金素子１の素材となる線材
５の表面に凹凸６を形成し、表面積を増加して放熱面積
を広くするとともに、焦げ茶色の塗装７を施したもので
ある。FIG. 2 shows a shape memory alloy element 1 showing a second embodiment of the present invention. This is made by forming irregularities 6 on the surface of a wire 5 that is the material of the shape memory alloy element 1, increasing the surface area to widen the heat dissipation area, and applying a dark brown coating 7.
この実施例では形状記憶合金索子１の素材となる線材５
の表面に凹凸６を形成して放熱面積を広くシ、放熱効果
を高めた。さらに、その表面を熱の輻射の良好な焦げ茶
色に塗装したから、形状記憶合金素子１を冷却する際の
放熱作用が迅速で冷却効率が向上する。In this embodiment, the wire rod 5 that is the material of the shape memory alloy cord 1
The unevenness 6 is formed on the surface to widen the heat dissipation area and improve the heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, since the surface is painted in a dark brown color that provides good heat radiation, the heat dissipation effect when cooling the shape memory alloy element 1 is rapid and the cooling efficiency is improved.
なお、上記ｆｆ１ｌ、第２の実施例のものに別の冷却手
段を組み合せてもよい。Note that another cooling means may be combined with the above ff1l and that of the second embodiment.
第３図は本発明の第３の実施例を示す形状記憶合金素子
１を示す。この形状記憶合金素子１は第１の実施例と同
様に形状記憶合金からなる地金（ａｌｌ） ２をコイル
スプリング３に構成する。この形状記憶合金素子１の地
金２の表面をダークブルーに着色し、熱の輻射を良好に
する。さらに、この内側にヒートバイブ８を通し、この
し−トパイプ８の作用により形状記憶合金素子１の放熱
作用をより高め、短時間で均一な冷却ができるようにし
たものである。FIG. 3 shows a shape memory alloy element 1 showing a third embodiment of the present invention. This shape memory alloy element 1 includes a coil spring 3 made of a base metal (all) 2 made of a shape memory alloy, similar to the first embodiment. The surface of the base metal 2 of this shape memory alloy element 1 is colored dark blue to improve heat radiation. Furthermore, a heat vibrator 8 is passed through the inner side of the heat vibrator 8, and the heat dissipation effect of the shape memory alloy element 1 is further enhanced by the action of the heat pipe 8, so that uniform cooling can be achieved in a short time.
第４図は本発明の応用例を示す。この応用例は内視鏡挿
入部１１の湾曲部１２に湾曲駆動用アクチュエータとし
て組み込んだものである。すなわち、湾曲部１２の内部
に上下または左右に湾曲駆動用アクチュエータ１３．１
３を配置してなり、この各湾曲駆動用アクチュエータ１
３．１３は形状記憶合金からなる線材をコイルスプリン
グに形成した複数の形状記憶合金素子１４を固定部材１
５を介して１列に連結し、これを内視鏡挿入部１１の湾
曲部１２の軸方向に沿って配置したものである。FIG. 4 shows an example of application of the present invention. In this application example, the actuator is incorporated into the bending section 12 of the endoscope insertion section 11 as a bending drive actuator. That is, an actuator 13.1 for driving the bending vertically or horizontally is provided inside the bending portion 12.
3 are arranged, and each curved drive actuator 1
3.13 is a fixing member 1 in which a plurality of shape memory alloy elements 14 made of wire rods made of shape memory alloy are formed into coil springs.
5, and are arranged along the axial direction of the curved portion 12 of the endoscope insertion portion 11.
そして、湾曲駆動用アクチュエータ１３．１３の各形状
記憶合金索子１４に通電し、加熱することにより各形状
記憶合金素子１４を収縮させ、固定部材１５を介してこ
の収縮させた側に湾曲部１２を湾曲させる。Then, each shape memory alloy element 14 of the bending drive actuator 13.13 is energized and heated to contract each shape memory alloy element 14, and the curved portion 12 is attached to the contracted side via the fixing member 15. to curve.
また、通電を遮断すると、その各形状記憶合金素子１４
が放熱し、再び元の長い状態に復帰する。Moreover, when the electricity is cut off, each shape memory alloy element 14
radiates heat and returns to its original long state.
これにより湾曲部１２を元に戻す。This returns the curved portion 12 to its original state.
この場合、各形状記憶合金素子１４の放熱が充分でない
と、形状記憶合金素子１４が完全に元の長さに戻らない
。このため、湾曲部１２も元の状態に完全に戻らない。In this case, unless heat dissipation from each shape memory alloy element 14 is sufficient, the shape memory alloy element 14 will not completely return to its original length. For this reason, the curved portion 12 also does not completely return to its original state.
しかし、上述したように各形状記憶合金素子１４はその
表面が熱の輻射が良好な色に形成しであるから、元の長
さに速やかに戻り、湾曲部１２をすばやく復帰させる。However, as described above, since the surface of each shape memory alloy element 14 is formed in a color that allows good heat radiation, it quickly returns to its original length, and the curved portion 12 quickly returns to its original length.
したがって、湾曲動作の応答速度を速めることができる
。Therefore, the response speed of the bending operation can be increased.
また、内視鏡挿入部１１には内視鏡用観察光学系１６を
設けである。さらに、内視鏡挿入部１１の湾曲部１２内
には冷却用空気を供給する通風チャンネル１７を設け、
この通風チャンネル１７を通じて湾曲部１２の内部に冷
却用空気を導入し、湾曲駆動用アクチュエータ１３．１
３の形状記憶合金素子１４に吹き付けて冷却するように
しである。Further, the endoscope insertion section 11 is provided with an observation optical system 16 for the endoscope. Furthermore, a ventilation channel 17 for supplying cooling air is provided in the curved part 12 of the endoscope insertion part 11,
Cooling air is introduced into the interior of the bending section 12 through this ventilation channel 17, and the bending drive actuator 13.1
The shape memory alloy element 14 of No. 3 is blown to cool it.
したがって、加熱した各形状記憶合金素子１４の冷却を
よりすみやかに行うことができる。Therefore, each heated shape memory alloy element 14 can be cooled more quickly.
なお、本発明は上記実施例のものに限定されるものでは
なく、種々の変形例が考えられるものである。Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications are possible.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明の形状記憶合金素子は、その
表面を熱輻射特性のよい色に形成する簡易な冷却促進手
段を組み込んだものである。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the shape memory alloy element of the present invention incorporates a simple cooling promotion means for forming its surface into a color with good heat radiation characteristics.
したがって、加熱後に形状記憶合金素子の表面から熱を
すみやかに放出し、迅速な冷却作用がなされる。このた
め、これを利用する各種のアクチュエータの応答速度を
高めるこができるとともに、その構成の簡略小形化を図
ることができる。Therefore, after heating, heat is quickly released from the surface of the shape memory alloy element, resulting in a rapid cooling effect. Therefore, the response speed of various actuators using this can be increased, and the configuration thereof can be simplified and miniaturized.
第１図は本発明の第１の実施例を示す側面図、第２図は
本発明の第２の実施例の斜視図、第３図は本発明の第３
の実施例の側面図、第４図は応用例の説明図である。
１・・・形状記憶合金素子、２・・・地金、３・・・コ
イルスプリング、４・・・酸化被膜、５・・・線材、７
・・・塗装。
出願人代理人 弁理士 坪井 淳FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an applied example. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Shape memory alloy element, 2... Base metal, 3... Coil spring, 4... Oxide film, 5... Wire rod, 7
···Painting. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Atsushi Tsuboi
Claims (1)
上記形状記憶合金素子の表面を熱輻射特性のよい色に形
成したことを特徴とする形状記憶合金素子。In shape memory alloy elements whose shape changes when heated,
A shape memory alloy element characterized in that the surface of the shape memory alloy element is formed in a color with good heat radiation characteristics.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63099040A JPH01271670A (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1988-04-21 | Shape memory alloy element |
| US07/291,242 US4930494A (en) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-12-28 | Apparatus for bending an insertion section of an endoscope using a shape memory alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63099040A JPH01271670A (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1988-04-21 | Shape memory alloy element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01271670A true JPH01271670A (en) | 1989-10-30 |
Family
ID=14236349
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63099040A Pending JPH01271670A (en) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-04-21 | Shape memory alloy element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01271670A (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-04-21 JP JP63099040A patent/JPH01271670A/en active Pending
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