JPH01268943A - Variable heat-permeable wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively utilize air-conditional energy by a method in which a window unit consisting of a double glass with a space is set adjacently to a wall unit in which a coil is buried and fluids of different heat conductivities and different light shielding properties are supplied to the space and the coil according to the indoor and outdoor environments. CONSTITUTION:A wall unit 2 having a coil 2a buried as a fluid path is set adjacently to a window unit 1 formed of water-tight double glasses 1b and 1c with a space 1a to make up an unit 3. A fluid source 4 packed with fluids having different heat conductivities and different light shielding properties is connected to the space 1a of the unit 1 and the coil 2a of the unit 2. The atmospheric temperature of indoor and outdoor of a building is detected by sensors 15a and 15b, insolation is detected by sensors 15c and 15d, and the fluids are supplied from the source 4 to the space 1a and the coil 2a through a controller 14 on the basis of the detected values. Since the heat percolation or permeation of heat inside and outside room can thus be easily prevented or accelerated, the air conditional energy can be effectively utilized.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a variable heat transmission wall, and in particular, to control the heat transmission coefficient of the outer wall of a building based on the internal and external temperatures and the amount of solar radiation to save energy in heating and cooling. .

[Conventional technology]

In conventional buildings, the scale of air-conditioning and heating equipment is determined by calculating the energy demand for air-conditioning and heating based on conditions such as the structure and size of the building.Also, the heat transmission coefficient of windows and walls is fixed, so it is necessary to actively improve this. It is not structured to change.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional technology, the heat transmission coefficient of windows and walls is fixed, so there are cases where it is desired to prevent heat transmission between the outside air and the room,
The problem is that when it is desired to actively promote heat flow, windows and walls themselves cannot meet these demands, and therefore solar radiation cannot be blocked unless separate measures are taken such as curtains or blinds on the windows. was there. Note that there is a problem in that the curtains and the like only block solar radiation and cannot actively change the coefficient of heat transmission in windows and walls.

This invention was made by focusing on the problems of the conventional technology, and aims to make the heat transmission coefficient of windows and walls themselves variable based on the temperature inside and outside the building and the amount of solar radiation. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In this invention, a window unit in which a window is made watertight with double glass with a space in between is adjacent to a wall unit in which a coil whose inside forms a fluid flow path is embedded in the wall body, and the two units are combined into a unit unit. This unit constitutes the outer wall of the building, and multiple types of fluid sources with different thermal conductivity and light shielding properties are connected to the space of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit, and the A control device that controls fluid supplied to the space and the coil based on detected values from an air temperature detector that detects the air temperature and a solar radiation amount detector that detects the amount of solar radiation is connected to the fluid supply device of the fluid source. This constitutes a variable heat flow wall. As the fluid, either liquid or gas can be used.

Further, the space within the double-glazed glass of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit may be watertightly communicated via an on-off valve.

[Effect]

During heating in winter, the load on the air conditioner is reduced by reducing the heat transfer coefficient of each unit to increase indoor heating efficiency. For this purpose, when the control device sends air into the space of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit based on the detected value of the temperature inside and outside and the difference between them, air has low thermal conductivity and has excellent insulation properties. Warm air inside the room is prevented from leaking into the outside air. At this time, by sending warm air for heating into the space of the window unit, it is also possible to prevent dew condensation and frost from adhering to the glass.

During cooling in the summer, the control device sends air to the wall unit coil to block outdoor heat based on the detected value between the inside and outside temperatures and the difference between them, and when the amount of solar radiation is high, it sends air to the window unit space. Injects a highly light-blocking liquid, such as a colored liquid, to suppress solar radiation. At this time, it is also possible to have the control device calculate the heat balance between the amount of solar radiation due to the light transmitted through the liquid and the increase in heat transmission coefficient due to the liquid, and send the optimum fluid at that time to the window unit.

In this case, gas may also be pumped into the window unit.

Even in cases other than these, when releasing hot air trapped in an unused room to the outside during non-cooling periods, such as in an office at night in the summer, it is necessary to By feeding a liquid with high thermal conductivity into the coil, it is possible to increase the coefficient of heat transmission from the room to the outside air.

In this way, the load on the air conditioner is reduced by changing the heat transfer coefficient in accordance with changes in season, weather, day and night, etc., depending on the inside and outside temperatures, their differences, and the amount of solar radiation.

The control device selects the fluid to be sent to the space of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit, and the control device controls the operation of the fluid supply device of the fluid source, such as a control valve or a fluid pump. and do it.

If the space inside the double-glazed glass of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit are watertightly communicated via the on-off valve, simply connect the piping to the fluid source to either the space or the coil. Then, fluid can be supplied and discharged in the Φ direction via either the space or the coil.

〔Example] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

Here, 1 is a window unit, and the window is configured watertight with double glass Ib and IC sandwiching a space 1a, and 2
is a wall unit in which a coil 2a whose interior forms a fluid flow path is embedded in a wall 2b. Both units 1
．． 2 are placed adjacent to each other to form a unit 3, and this unit 3 forms the outer wall of the building.

Reference numeral 4 denotes fluid sources, including a first fluid source 4a containing a liquid 5 with low thermal conductivity and low light shielding rate, a second fluid source 4b containing liquid 6 with high thermal conductivity and low light shielding rate, and a second fluid source 4b with low thermal conductivity and low light shielding rate. It consists of a third fluid source 4C containing a liquid 7 with a high light shielding rate, a fourth fluid source 4d containing a liquid 8 with high thermal conductivity and a high light shielding rate, and a fifth fluid source 4e which sucks atmospheric air. Such a fluid source 4 is connected to the space 1a of the window unit l via a supply line 9,
Further, this space 1a is connected to the first to fourth fluid sources 4a to 4d and an atmosphere opening 12 via a discharge pipe 11.

A pump P1 and an electromagnetic on-off valve 1 are interposed in series between the discharge pipe 11 and the first fluid source 4a, and
Similarly, a pump P2 and an electromagnetic on-off valve ■ are connected between the fluid source 4b.
2 are interposed between the discharge pipe line 11 and the third fluid source 4C, a pump P3 and an electromagnetic on-off valve V3 are similarly interposed between the discharge pipe line 11 and the fourth fluid source 4d, and a Similarly pump P4
and an electromagnetic on-off valve ■4 are interposed. Further, a pump P5 and an electromagnetic on-off valve 5 are interposed in series between the discharge pipe 11 and the atmosphere opening port 12.

Further, a pump P6 is provided between the supply pipe line 9 and the fifth fluid source 4e.
and an electromagnetic on-off valve ■6 are interposed in series, and a supply pipe line 9
and each of the first to fourth fluid sources 4a to 4d is an electromagnetic on-off valve v.
7 to VIO intervene individually.

The space 1a of the window unit 1 and the coil 2a of the wall unit 2 are watertightly connected via electromagnetic switching valves Vll and V12, and the supply pipe 9, the discharge pipe 11, and the coil 2a are connected to the space 1a and the electromagnetic switching valve. They communicate via valves v11 and V12. Furthermore, an electromagnetic on-off valve 13 is interposed between the space 1a and the drain port 13.

The electromagnetic on-off valves v6 to VIO and the pump P6 constitute a fluid supplier to the window unit 1 and/or wall unit 2.

In addition, each of the electromagnetic on-off valves Vl-V13 and each of the pumps P1 to
The opening/closing or operation of P6 is controlled by the control device 14. The control device 14 receives the detected values of the indoor temperature detector 15a, the outdoor temperature detector 15b, the indoor illuminance detector 15c, and the outdoor illuminance detector 15d, and also inputs the detected values of the air conditioner 16.
Values such as the set temperature are input, and the control device 14 is set to control each of the electromagnetic on-off valves and pumps so as to produce the effects described later based on these input values. In FIG. 1, a circuit for outputting such a control signal includes a control device 14, an electromagnetic on-off valve V6, and a pump P.
6 is shown by a chain line, and other electromagnetic on-off valves and pumps are not shown. The indoor illuminance detector 15c and the outdoor illuminance detector 15d constitute a solar radiation detector.

Next, an example of the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, there is a case in which strong direct sunlight enters the room from the window unit 1 during cooling in the summer. In this case, in order to reduce the load on the air conditioner by cooling the room, it is necessary to suppress the amount of heat entering from the outside. 2
The coil 2a is filled with air. To do this, by opening the electromagnetic on-off valves V6, Vll, and V12 and starting the pump P6, air is taken in from the fifth fluid source 4e and passed through the supply pipe 9 and the space 1a of the window unit l to the coil 2.
Fill a with air. This reduces the heat transfer coefficient of the wall unit 2 and reduces the load on the air conditioner. When this air filling is completed, the electromagnetic on-off valve V6. Vll, V
12 and stop the pump P6.

In addition, the control device 14 measures the amount of solar radiation of the incident light from the glasses lb and lc of the window unit 1 based on the input values from the detectors 15c and 15d. The control device 14 calculates the balance with the increase in heat transfer coefficient from the outdoors to the room caused by filling the liquid in the tank 1a, and selects the fluid that optimally reduces the load on the 11 aircraft from the first fluid source 4a to the first fluid source 4a. By selecting one of the five fluid sources 4e, the selected fluid is introduced into the space 1a of the window unit l. Here, when introducing air into the space 1a, when the air is supplied to the coil 2a, the space 1a is
Since air is also supplied to a, it can be left as is, but when introducing liquid, the first to fourth fluid sources 4a
-4d, the selected one of the electromagnetic on-off valves (7) to VIO is opened, and the electromagnetic on-off valve (5) is opened to start the pump P5. By starting the pump P5, the air in the space la is exhausted from the atmosphere opening port 12, and the space la is filled with liquid from the selected pre-fluid source via the supply pipe line 9. When this liquid filling is completed, the electromagnetic on-off valve V5 is closed and the pump 1]5 is stopped. Note that if the liquid flows down into the space 1a by its own weight, the pump P5 is not necessary. The optimum heat transfer rate through the window unit 1 is set based on the light blocking properties and heat transfer properties of the liquid filled in the space 1a.

Next, when there is no air conditioning, such as in an office at night in the summer, and direct sunlight does not enter the room through the window unit l,
The latent heat inside the room flows through to the outside.

In this case, what about indoor sunlight generated from daytime sunlight, office equipment, etc.? To release PI heat outdoors without using an air conditioner. At this time, any one of the liquids 6.8 having high thermal conductivity may be supplied to the coil 2a and the space 1a. To do this, open either the electromagnetic on-off valves Vll and V12 and the electromagnetic on-off valves Vll and V12, and also open any of the pumps P1 to P5 to remove the fluid in the coil 2a and space la. Start any of the electromagnetic on-off valves Vl to V5 in series. Note that in some cases, such as when the liquid in the fluid source 4 does not flow down due to its own weight, any of the pumps P1 to P5 may be unnecessary. Since the liquid increases the thermal conductivity of the wall made up of the unit 3, the latent heat in the room is released, and when the air conditioner is started the next morning, the room temperature is in a low state and the load on the air conditioner is reduced.

In addition, the insulation effect of wall unit 2 is increased during heating in winter,
In addition, in order to prevent frost from adhering to the glass IC of the window unit l and dew condensation, the electromagnetic on-off valves V6, Vll and V12 are opened and air is pumped from the fifth fluid source 4e via the supply pipe line 9 by the pump P6. It is supplied to the space 1a and the coil 2a. At this time, if fluid already exists in the space 1a and the coil 2a, the corresponding one of the electromagnetic on-off valves ■1 to ■5 and pumps P1 to P5 is operated to extract the previous fluid and replace it with this. and supply the air. By supplying the air used for indoor heating from the fifth fluid source 4e, this supplied air reduces the heat transmission coefficient in the window unit 1 and wall unit 2, and prevents frost from adhering to the glass 1c, dew condensation, etc. To prevent.

Furthermore, when the temperature is warm during the day and cold at night, mainly during intermediate seasons such as spring and autumn, the control device 14 determines whether the heat flows from the outdoors to the room or not, based on the values from the detectors 15a to 15d. By calculating the difference between the heat passing through from indoors to outdoors, and when there is a lot of heat passing from outdoors to indoors, such as during the day, each electromagnetic It is controlled by selectively operating on-off valves and pumps, thereby storing heat in the room.

In addition, when heat is released from indoors to outdoors, such as at night, each electromagnetic on-off valve and pump are selected and controlled to reduce the heat transfer coefficient between window unit 1 and wall unit 2. By suppressing heat release to the outdoors,
Reduce the load on the air conditioner.

In addition, as each of the liquids 5 to 8 in this example, various known liquids that are highly safe for use in buildings can be used, and these can be colored to an arbitrary concentration to adjust the transmittance of solar radiation. You can also do that.

Further, as the air taken in from the fifth fluid source 4e, in addition to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide gas or other known highly safe gases can be used. Further, in this embodiment, there are five types of fluid sources 4, from the first fluid source 4a to the fifth fluid source 4e, but it goes without saying that the types can be increased or decreased as appropriate.

Furthermore, the fluid supplied to the space 1a of the window unit 1 and the coil 2a of the wall unit 2 is circulated between the fluid source 4 without being retained, thereby improving or reducing the heat transfer coefficient of the unit unit 3. It is also possible.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment, in which an electromagnetic three-way valve V14 is provided in the supply pipe line 9 of the first embodiment, and this and the upper end of the coil 2a are connected by a bypass pipe line 9a. This bypass pipe line 9a is provided with an electric 6-1 on-off valve V16, while an electromagnetic three-way valve V15 is provided in the discharge pipe line 1 of the first embodiment, and the bypass pipe line 11 is provided between this and the lower end of the coil 2a.
a, and an electromagnetic on-off valve V17 is provided in this bypass conduit 11a. These valves V14 to V17
is also controlled by the control device 14.

In this embodiment, in order to supply the fluid supplied from the supply pipe line 9 to the coil 2a of the wall unit 2,
It is possible to arbitrarily select a method of performing the process through the space 1a of the window unit 1 or a method of performing the process through the bypass pipe line 9a. Therefore, it is possible to select a route when supplying the same fluid to the space 1a and the coil 2a or when supplying different fluids. In the case of discharging the fluid in the coil 2a, the method of discharging the fluid through the space 1a and the method of discharging the fluid through the bypass conduit 11a can be similarly selected.

Other configurations and operations are similar to the above description of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment, in which an electromagnetic three-way valve V14 is provided in the supply pipe line 9 of the first embodiment, and a coil 2
A is connected to the upper end by a bypass pipe 9a, and an electromagnetic on-off valve V16 is provided in this bypass pipe 9a.
The discharge pipe 11 of the embodiment is provided with an electromagnetic three-way valve V15, this and the lower end of the coil 2a are connected by a bypass pipe 11a, and the bypass pipe 11a is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve V17. These valves VI4 to V17 are also controlled by the control device 14. In addition, space 1a and coil 2a
are not connected in this embodiment, and therefore there are no electromagnetic on-off valves Vll and V12 between them.

In this embodiment, the fluid supplied from the supply pipe 9 is separately supplied to the space 1a of the window unit 1 and the coil 2a of the wall unit 2 downstream of the electromagnetic three-way valve V14. Similarly, when discharging the fluid in the space 1a and the coil 2a, separate routes are taken up to the electromagnetic three-way valve V15. Other configurations and functions are as described in 1. This is similar to the above description for the second embodiment.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in this invention, the heat transfer coefficient of the windows and walls themselves can be varied based on the temperature inside and outside the building, the amount of solar radiation, etc., so it is possible to prevent heat transfer between the outside air and the indoor room. or when you want to actively promote heat flow.
The heat transmission coefficients can be set to correspond to each other. For this reason,
Since the load on the building's air conditioner can be reduced, the effect is that air conditioning energy can be reduced.

In addition, by watertightly communicating the space inside the double-glazed glass of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit via the on-off valve, fluid can be directly reciprocated between the space and the coil, so fluid can be supplied. It has the effect of smoothing out the process.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment. 1... Window unit, 1a... Space, lb. IC...Glass, 2...Wall unit, 2a...Coil, 2b...Wall body, 3...Unit unit, 4...
・Fluid source, 5, 6, 7.8...Liquid, 14...Control device Patent applicant Kozo Iizuka, Director of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Figure 1 Figure 2! 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A unit unit is constructed by adjoining a window unit in which the window is made watertight with double glass with a space in between, and a wall unit in which a coil whose inside forms a fluid flow path is embedded in the wall. This unit constitutes the outer wall of the building, and multiple types of fluid sources with different thermal conductivity and light shielding properties are connected to the space of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit, and the temperature inside and outside the building is adjusted. A control device that controls fluid supplied to the space and the coil based on detected values from an air temperature detector that detects the temperature and a solar radiation detector that detects the amount of solar radiation is connected to the fluid supply device of the fluid source. A variable thermal flow wall characterized by: (2) The variable heat transmission wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the space within the double-glazed glass of the window unit and the coil of the wall unit are watertightly communicated via an on-off valve.