JPH01266291A - Apparatus for crushing or pulverizing fibrous material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To decrease the stress to a material by installing a crushing and grinding surfaces extending nearly parallel to a rotor axis line and the opposing crushing and grinding surface arranged on the housing, on a rotor jacket between a material feed and the crushing and grinding surface having increasing diameters. CONSTITUTION: A grinding plate 6 of a rotor 2 is arranged along a cylindrical jacket part of a housing 1 to crush chips previously. A grinding plate 7 of the rotor forms 5-45 deg. angle to an axis line of the rotor for defabrication. The grinding plate 9 cooperating with and facing to the grinding plate 7 is installed on a stator ring 8 for regulating the grinding gap so as to be horizontally freely moved. Chips are fed by a material feed 10 in the radial direction, and previously ground at a grinding gap 11. The previously ground chips are symmetrically dispersed in both directions, and the dispersed chips are transferred through a grinding gap 1 to an inner space 13 and discharged with generated steam.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing or crushing fibrous materials, particularly wet or aqueous fibrous materials, preferably chips, and in particular to a drum-shaped atomization apparatus. be.

The atomization device comprises a motor-driven rotor having at least two crushing or grinding elements, the surface of said elements being
Preferably, the surface of rotation, in particular a frustoconical surface, is inclined to the rotor axis or extends approximately at right angles thereto, the diameter of which increases in the direction away from the at least one material supply means, preferably horizontal a rotating shaft and a housing for receiving the rotor, the housing having a corresponding inner wall and opposing crushing or crushing surfaces disposed thereon substantially radially to the rotor axis or substantially tangential to the rotor jacket or housing; The at least one material feeding means in the direction is approximately centered in said housing and the crushing or comminution surface is a surface, preferably a rotating surface, in particular a conical surface, extending on the jacket of the rotor and correspondingly inclined or approximately at right angles. extending from the material supply means on both sides on the inner housing wall on a trapezoidal surface, the diameter of said frustoconical surface increasing away from the material supply means, said frustoconical surface extending from the rotor axis and in front of the rotor on each side; It forms an angle that opens up.

Most atomization equipment currently used to mechanically produce wood valves generally has a disk that rotates about a horizontal axis and has a grinding plate. This disk and the same opposite disk with the grinding plate may be rotating or stationary. In this known example, the entire grinding gap or a large part thereof extends vertically or is inclined in the peripheral region towards the axis of rotation.

Since high contact pressures of the grinding plates are required for the grinding operation, excessive stresses are applied in the known example to the material and first of all to the bearings. This means that the maximum allowable throughput of the miniaturization device is limited.

As a result of the high mechanical energy used, a large amount of steam is generated in the grinding gap, since mainly wet or humid material or water-admixed material is crushed or crushed. For good utilization or recovery of energy and unhindered charging of chips etc., it is necessary to properly vent the steam together with the fiber material produced or recovered; It is difficult to implement due to the large amount. In particular, it is difficult to achieve a vertical arrangement of the grinding gap in conventional disk-type atomizers.

This is because it results in partial separation of the fibrous material and a strong backflow of the generated steam.

The object of the invention is to reduce material stress, increase material throughput, increase the number of revolutions per minute of the rotor or shaft, and improve the problems of steam generation and steam discharge.

The above object can be achieved according to the invention in a crushing or grinding device or a micronization device of the type mentioned at the beginning of the text. The device of the invention comprises a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the rotor axis on the jacket of a drum-shaped rotor between the material supply means and a crushing or crushing surface of increasing diameter, and an opposing crushing surface arranged on the housing. or a grinding surface is provided, forming a grinding gap parallel to said axis and a grinding gap oblique to said axis, which are symmetrical with respect to the central plane of at least one, preferably two or more, material supply means. , said feeding means are preferably uniformly distributed over the circumference of the rotor, in particular substantially radially or tangentially, and the crushing or comminution surfaces parallel to the axis are immediately particularly The frustoconical crushing surfaces, which follow a constant merging pattern, are inclined toward the rotor axis by an angle of approximately 5 to 45 degrees, in particular by 15 degrees, said inclined crushing or crushing surfaces being optionally merging crushing or crushing surfaces. These grinding surfaces have an angle of inclination greater than the angle of said inclined grinding or grinding surfaces relative to the rotor axis;
In particular, it forms an angle of approximately 90 degrees.

The grinding surface according to the invention guarantees a particularly effective defibration and at the same time facilitates steam evacuation, reduced material stresses, reduced bearing stresses, increased material throughput, increased revolutions per minute and The material can be pre-comminuted in parallel comminution gaps and the comminution gaps can be specifically transformed into comminution gaps oblique to the axis to make the comminution operation particularly easy. The grinding operation is made easier by arranging the opposing grinding surfaces on one or two stator rings that are movable independently of each other. The micronization device of the present invention is particularly suitable for T
Suitable for producing MP (thermo-mechanical pulp) and CTMP (chemically fired mechanical pulp). According to the present invention, the gap etc. which are supplied in the radial direction of the pre-pulverized material preferably in the pre-horizontal crushing gap are distributed symmetrically in two directions, thereby achieving particularly effective differential isolation of wood and the like. This can take place in an adjacently inclined, preferably adjustable, in particular conical grinding gap. This gap optionally extends approximately perpendicular to the rotor axis to further facilitate steam evacuation.

The metering can be particularly controlled if the grinding cap, which extends obliquely or at right angles to the axis, is adjustable. For this purpose, for example, opposing crushing or grinding surfaces are provided on the stator ring, in particular on at least two stator rings. These rings are arranged to be movable substantially horizontally within the housing, independent of each other. The grinding gap is important in controlling the properties of the valve.

A convenient adjustment of the grinding gap is achieved if only one movable stator ring is provided, by supporting the rotor movably, in particular floatingly, on both sides in its bearings. For this floating support, the rotor is preferably axially movably supported in a hydrostatic sliding bearing, and a sealing unit, in particular a sliding ring seal, is provided between said sliding bearing and the interior of the housing receiving the rotor. encloses the rotor shaft in a bearing housing. Material feeding can be carried out particularly conveniently if an annular material feeding gap is provided. This feed gap communicates in the housing with an annular space surrounding the outside of the rotor, and in particular substantially tangential or substantially radial material feed means feed into said space, said feed gap being a crushing or comminution surface parallel to the axis. approximately in a midplane intersecting the axis of the device or its housing.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cavities into which the crushing or crushing gaps, in particular conical or perpendicularly extending, are inserted, are provided in the region of the two front walls of the housing, close to the shaft bearing of the rotor, so that they are aligned with the axis. It comprises a crushing or comminution surface extending parallel and substantially perpendicular to the axis. The ground material is conveyed into the interior space of the housing of the device, in particular the atomization device, and is discharged together with the generated steam. In this way, the evacuation of the steam becomes simple or a means of evacuation of the steam is created. Because steam is generated,
The cavity is sealed against the ingress of steam into the two bearings by means of a special sealing unit. The sealing unit is inserted between the rotor and the bearing in the rotor-side bearing housing. These cavities are preferably provided at the bottom with discharge openings for the ground material.

In practice, it is particularly advantageous if the drum-shaped rotor is supported on sliding bearings. The rotor has on its jacket a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the axis and adjacent crushing or crushing surfaces on both sides, the latter crushing surfaces having a diameter increasing away from the material supply means, and It has a crushing or grinding surface extending substantially perpendicular to the axis. The rotor is supported on the bearing by a rotating shaft fixed thereto. A special starting motor, especially a DC motor, is provided for starting operations, and the main motor has a power rating of approximately 3000 at full load.
It is configured to operate at a speed of 3,600 rpm to 3,600 rpm.

This starting motor is provided at the free end of the stator shaft. It requires a considerably lower power than that required by the main motor to operate the crushing or comminution surface, especially the atomization device. The starting current peak is therefore reduced.

Embodiments of the micronization device according to the present invention allow large-sized devices of this type to be operated at rotational speeds up to 360 rpm.

Instead of a truncated conical grinding gap adjacent to the grinding gap extending parallel to the axis, gaps of other rotational surface shapes can be used. For example, shapes such as paraboloids of revolution, hyperboloids of revolution, etc. can be used, the diameter of these surfaces increasing in a particularly constant manner from the point of contact with the grinding surface extending parallel to the axis to the front of the rotor to achieve the objective. It is necessary to ensure that the material that will be used passes through.

In the known atomization device, a conical ear shaft is provided with a crushing rod of variable length around its periphery and is arranged in a conical internal space of a housing, the inner wall of said housing being provided with corresponding opposing rods. 21TII! A grinding gap of l is created. Material feeding takes place in one example of the device in the region of the auricular shaft. The output of this atomization device is unsatisfactory because the material feed is from one side only and immediately onto the shaft and directly into the conical grinding gap.

Neither satisfactory differential isolation nor appropriate valve generation effects can be obtained. This device is used with the same dimensions as known conical refiners.

In known microatomizers, the ground material is fed by means of a screw conveyor from one part to the center of a hollander extending parallel to the axis of the separating impeller. The hollander forms a gap parallel to the axis and a housing receives the impeller, which has a small cutout in its inner wall. The ground material that is ground in the parallel gap is carried by an air stream from the grinding zone from the outside to the inside and passes through the separating impeller in the process. The separated coarse grinding material is returned to the grinding zone. 2 on both sides of the grinding shaft
Two blowers create the necessary airflow. Apart from the absence of a conical grinding gap or the like adjacent to the grinding gap parallel to the axis, this known device is not suitable for processing chips or other wet fibrous materials.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following, embodiments of the present invention of a drum-shaped refining device for producing wood pulp from chips will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show a micronizer housing 1, preferably horizontally split, in which a cylindrical rotor 2 is mounted on both sides by bearings 3.
, 4.5 and use rolling or sliding bearings, in particular sliding bearings with inclined segments, depending on the diameter, capacity and revolutions per minute. The rotor 2 has a crushing gap 6.
7, and a grinding plate 6 is placed along the cylindrical jacket of the housing to pre-crush the chips, the grinding plate 7 being angled with the axis of the defibration rotor.

To create the grinding plate 7, the angle between the grinding zone and the horizontal line is between 5 degrees and 45 degrees, preferably 15 degrees. Opposite crushing plates 9, 9' cooperating with crushing plate 7 are mounted on stator ring 8 so as to be horizontally movable for adjusting the crushing gap.

3.4 shows an enlarged cross section of the grinding plate area, FIG. 3 the area parallel to the axis and FIG. 4 the truncated conical area. Fourth
As shown, the opposing rings 17 of the external grinding plate 9 are reinforced by transverse webs or ribs 18. Webs or ribs 18 may be provided to retain the fibrous material and increase residence time within the grinding zone. Internal crushing plate 7 in the truncated cone area
is made from segment 7' (Fig. 4). The dimensions of the particularly practical embodiment described above are shown in FIG.
8 shows only a part.

The chips are fed in particular by a conveyor screw, which in this example is radially fed by one to four material feed means 10 with peripheral openings.

The chips are pre-crushed in the horizontal grinding gap 11 and distributed symmetrically in both directions. The defibration of the wood takes place in an adjustable grinding gap 12 tilted to the horizontal. The ground material is then conveyed to the internal space 13 of the housing 1 of the atomizer and discharged together with the generated steam.

The axis is sealed against steam in the housing by means of a sealing unit 15.

At the free end of the shaft 16, a motor is provided, preferably a DC motor with considerably less power than the main motor, to reduce starting current peaks.

Due to this embodiment, which is modified compared to conventional atomizers, the atomizer of the present invention can be operated at rotational speeds up to 3600 rpm.

The present invention can be advantageously applied to a micronization device having a vertical rotor shaft. Can easily crush fiber materials other than wood,
Adding water or other liquid to the pre-crushed material under the following conditions:

According to the present invention, material stresses are significantly reduced compared to known micronization devices, the stress on the bearing is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is extended (resulting in increased material throughput).

The embodiment of FIGS. 6-8 differs from the previous embodiments, inter alia in the type of feed material, the special support of the rotor and the modified stator adjustment. Corresponding parts are labeled with the same numbers as in FIGS. 1-5.

In this embodiment, the material feed takes place approximately tangentially to the rotor 102 at two locations 110' into the annular space 110#, from where it is then conveyed to the grinding plate. The shaft end 116' of the rotor 102, and thus the rotor 102 itself, is in this case supported in a floating manner. For such support, hydrostatic sliding bearings 203, 204 are provided in bearings 201, 202. These bearings are also connected to the housing 101 of the miniaturization device by the sealing unit l-115'.
sealed against steam inside.

The double arrow 205 indicates the movement of the rotor or the floating rotor support made possible by the aforementioned support means for the rotor.

In this case it is sufficient that only one stake can be adjusted,
Adjustment of the two stators 1, 1' and thus of the grinding plates 206, 207 attached to them is likewise possible in this case. These grinding plates, in addition to truncated conical parts 206, 207, have parts 210, 211 which form a larger angle with the rotor axis than parts 208, 209, i.e. approximately 90 degrees.
have. Additional grinding plate 2 cooperating with parts 210.211
12.213, like the part 210.211, has a steep slope to the rotor axis and is supported by a special ring 214.215 connected to the rotor 102.

of the stator 1, 1' and hence the crushing plate 206.207°2
10, 211 and the adjustment of the cylindrical crushing plate are also part 3.
1 to 5, but in this case simultaneously in opposite directions by the curved hoop 218, which is moved uniformly by the adjustment means 7 to 9. Due to the floating rotor, adjustment of only one stator can be carried out as well. The second stator is then fixedly supported within the housing. An adjustable movement of the grinding gap is made possible by the axial freedom of movement (floating support) of the rotor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view taken on plane A-8 in Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a front view of the device of the present invention; Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken on plane CD in Fig. 1: Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view on the E-F plane of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of another embodiment similar to Fig. 4; Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are Figures 2A and 2B are longitudinal, front and side views, respectively, of alternative embodiments of grinding gaps and floating rotor support; . ■...Housing 2...Cylindrical rotor 3.
4.5...Bearing 6,7...Crushing plate 8...Stator ring 9.9'...External grinding plate 10...Material feeding means 11...Horizontal grinding gap 12...Inclination Grinding gap 15... Sealing unit 17... Opposing rib 1
8...Horizontal reply 101...Housing 1
02...Rotor 110#...Annular space 115'...Sealing unit 201.202...Bearings 203, 204...Sliding bearings 206, 207.210.211...Crushing plate 218...
・Curved hoop

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A motor-driven rotor having at least two rotating surfaces, said rotating surface having a crushing or comminution element whose diameter increases away from at least one material supply means; a receiving housing, the housing having a corresponding inner wall and an opposing crushing or crushing surface disposed thereon, the at least one material supply means being disposed approximately centrally in the housing, and the crushing or crushing surface being disposed on the rotor. an axis of the rotor extending on the jacket of the rotor and on the inner wall of the housing on both sides away from the material supply means on the inclined surface, the diameter of which increases as it moves away from said material supply means, and where said material supply means opens in front of the rotor; In such apparatus for crushing or crushing fibrous materials, a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the rotor axis and a corresponding opposing crushing or crushing surface on the housing are at an angle with the material supply means. a crushing or crushing surface provided on the drum-shaped rotor jacket between increasing crushing or crushing surfaces and forming a crushing gap extending parallel to the axis and inclined to the axis; are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central plane of the at least one material supply means, such that the crushing or comminution surface inclined towards the axis directly follows and merges with the crushing or comminution surface parallel to the axis; A device for crushing or crushing fibrous materials. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing or grinding surface makes an angle of approximately 5 to 45 degrees with the rotor axis. 3.Claim 1, characterized in that the inclined crushing or crushing surface is directly followed by the crushing or crushing surface with an angle of inclination relative to the rotor axis, said angle being greater than the angle of said inclined crushing surface. The device described. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the tilt angle is approximately 90 degrees. 5.Claim 5, characterized in that the grinding gap inclined towards the axis is adjustable, for which purpose the opposing grinding or grinding surfaces are arranged on at least one stator ring which is movable substantially horizontally in the housing. 1. The device according to 1. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with at least two movable stator rings. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the stator rings are movable independently of each other. 8. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rotor is movably supported on both sides in bearings. 9. The rotor is supported in a hydrostatic sliding bearing in a floating manner so as to be freely movable in the axial direction, and a sealing unit surrounds the rotor shaft in the bearing housing between the sliding bearing and the inside of the housing that receives the rotor. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that: 10. An annular material feed gap is connected in the housing to an annular space surrounding the outside of the rotor, and feeds the feed material into said space, said annular material feed gap substantially intersecting the axis of said device or its housing. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided between crushing or comminution surfaces extending parallel to the axis in a central plane. 11. A cavity is provided in the region of the two housing front walls near the shaft bearings on both sides of the rotor with crushing or crushing surfaces parallel to and inclined to the axis, the crushing or crushing gap being defined by the cavity. the cavity is sealed in a steam-tight manner against the two bearings by a special sealing unit, said sealing unit being inserted into the axis housing between the rotor and the bearing on the side of this rotor. characterized in that it has a discharge opening for the crushed material,
The device according to claim 1. 12. A drum-shaped rotor is provided on its jacket, the crushing or crushing surfaces extending substantially parallel to its axis and adjacent on both sides, the diameter of the crushing or crushing surface increasing away from the material supply means, said rotor is supported in sliding bearings by a rotating shaft fixed to the rotor, and a special starting motor is provided for starting operation, the main motor having a power of approx.
The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to operate between 00 and 3600 rpm. 13. having a motor-driven rotor having a frustoconical surface with at least two crushing or comminution elements and a diameter increasing away from the at least one material supply means, said rotor having a horizontal rotating shaft; and a housing having a corresponding inner wall and opposing crushing or comminution surfaces disposed thereon, the housing receiving a rotor and at least one material supply oriented generally radially relative to the rotor axis. means are arranged approximately in the center of said housing, with a crushing or comminution surface extending over the jacket of the rotor and thus on the inner wall of the housing to both sides away from the material supply means on the ramp; A drum-shaped fine mill for crushing or grinding wet fibrous materials, the diameter of the surface increasing away from the material supply means and forming an angle with said inclined surface and the rotor axis opening in front of the rotor on both sides. In a crushing device, a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the rotor axis on the jacket of a drum-shaped rotor and a corresponding opposing crushing or crushing surface on the housing are connected to a material supply means and a crushing or crushing surface of increasing diameter. a crushing or crushing surface provided between and facing a crushing or crushing surface forming a crushing gap parallel to said axis and oblique to said axis relative to the central plane of at least one substantially radial material supply means; A drum-shaped atomization device, characterized in that the crushing or crushing surface parallel to the axis is immediately followed in a merging manner by the crushing or crushing surface inclined towards the axis. 14. A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 13, characterized in that the crushing or grinding surface forms an angle of approximately 5 to 45 degrees with the rotor axis. 15. An inclined crushing or crushing surface having an inclination angle greater than the inclination angle of the crushing surface is immediately followed in a merging manner by a crushing or crushing surface inclined with respect to the rotor axis. drum-shaped atomization device. 16. The drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 15, characterized in that the enlarged angle is approximately 90 degrees. 17. Claim 17, characterized in that the grinding gap inclined towards the axis is adjustable, for which purpose the opposing grinding or grinding surfaces are provided on at least one stator ring which is movable approximately horizontally in the housing. 14. The drum-shaped atomization device according to 13. 18. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 17, characterized in that it is provided with at least two movable stator rings. 19. The drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 18, characterized in that the stator rings are movable independently of each other. 20. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 17, characterized in that, if only one movable stator ring is provided, the rotor is movably supported on both sides in its bearings. 21. The rotor is axially movably supported in a floating manner within a hydrostatic sliding bearing, and a sealing unit surrounds the rotor shaft within the bearing housing between the sliding bearing and the interior of the housing receiving the rotor. Characterized by
A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 20. 22. An annular material feed gap is connected in the housing to an annular space surrounding the outside of the rotor, into which a substantially radial material feed means is fed, said feed gap being substantially connected to the atomization device or its housing; 14. The drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 13, characterized in that it is provided between crushing or crushing surfaces parallel to the axis in a central plane intersecting the axis of the drum. 23. Cavities feeding from the crushing or crushing gap are provided in the two front wall regions of the housing near the shaft bearings, said shaft bearings being provided on both sides of the rotor with crushing or crushing surfaces parallel to the axis, said cavities is vapor-tightly sealed to the two bearings by a special sealing unit,
14. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 13, characterized in that the sealing unit is arranged on the rotor side in the bearing housing between the rotor and the bearing and has a discharge opening for the pulverized material. 24. A drum-shaped rotor is provided on the jacket with a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the axis and a crushing or crushing surface increasing in diameter away from the material supply means adjacent on both sides, said rotor having a crushing or crushing surface extending substantially parallel to the axis; Claim 1, characterized in that it is supported in a sliding bearing by a fixed rotary shaft and is provided with a special starting motor for starting operations, the main motor being arranged to operate at approximately 3000-3600 rpm at full load. 14. The drum-shaped atomization device according to 13. 25, a motor-driven rotor having at least two rotating surfaces having crushing or comminution elements increasing in diameter away from the at least one material supply means, further comprising a horizontal rotating shaft and a housing receiving the rotor; the housing has a corresponding inner wall and opposing crushing or comminution surfaces provided thereon, the at least one material supply means extending generally tangentially to the rotor jacket or housing shell; provided substantially centrally in said housing, such that the crushing or comminution element moves away from the material supply means on an inclined surface increasing in diameter away from the material supply means on the jacket of the rotor and on a corresponding inner wall of the housing; In a drum-shaped atomization device for crushing or grinding fibrous materials or fibrous materials mixed with water, which extends on both sides and whose fully inclined surface forms an angle with the rotor axis on both sides opening in front of the rotor, approximately A crushing or crushing surface extending parallel to the rotor axis extends between the material supply means and a crushing or crushing surface of increasing diameter on the jacket of the drum-shaped rotor, and a corresponding opposing crushing or crushing surface extends on the housing. at least one crushing or crushing surface provided above and forming a crushing gap parallel to and oblique to the axis and an opposing crushing or crushing surface oriented approximately tangentially to the central plane of the material supply means; drum-shaped atomization device, characterized in that a crushing or grinding surface parallel to the axis is immediately followed in a merging manner by a crushing or grinding surface oblique to the axis. 26. A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 25, characterized in that the crushing or grinding surface forms an angle of about 5 to 45 degrees with the rotor axis. 27. The inclined crushing or crushing surface is immediately followed in a merging manner by a crushing or crushing surface having an angle of inclination with respect to the rotor axis, said inclination angle being greater than the inclination angle of said inclined crushing surface. The drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 25. 28. The angle is approximately 90 degrees,
A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 27. 29. Claim 29, characterized in that the grinding gap inclined towards the axis is adjustable, for which purpose the opposing grinding or grinding surfaces are provided on at least one stator ring which is movable substantially horizontally in the housing. 25. The drum-shaped atomization device according to 25. 30. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 29, characterized in that it is provided with at least two movable stator rings. 31. The drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 30, characterized in that the stator rings are movable independently of each other. 32. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 29, characterized in that when only one stator ring is provided, the rotor is movably supported on both sides in its bearings. 33. A rotor is supported in a floating manner for axial movement in a sliding bearing, and a sealing unit mainly in the form of a sliding ring seal is mounted between the sliding bearing and the interior of the housing receiving the rotor. 33. A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 32, characterized in that the housing surrounds the rotor shaft. 34. An annular material feed gap is connected to an annular space surrounding the outside of the rotor in the housing, into which a substantially tangential material feed means feeds, said gap being connected between crushing or comminution surfaces parallel to the axis. 26. A drum-shaped atomizer according to claim 25, characterized in that the drum-shaped atomizer is located approximately in a central plane intersecting the axis of the drum-type atomizer or its housing. 35. providing a cavity in the area of the two front walls of the housing near the shaft bearing, into which the crushing or crushing gap feeds;
said shaft bearings are provided on both sides of the rotor with crushing or crushing surfaces parallel to and inclined to the axis, said cavity being sealed vapor-tightly to the two bearings by a special sealing unit; 26. Drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 25, characterized in that the sealing unit is inserted between the rotor and the bearing in the rotor housing on the rotor side and has a discharge opening for the pulverized material. 36. A drum-shaped rotor having a crushing or crushing surface on its jacket, said crushing surface extending substantially parallel to its axis and on both sides adjacent to the crushing or crushing surface increasing in diameter away from the material supply means. said rotor is supported by a rotating shaft fixed thereto in a sliding bearing, and is equipped with a special starting motor for starting operations, the main motor being configured to operate at 3000-3600 rpm at full load. 26. A drum-shaped atomization device according to claim 25, characterized in that: