JPH01258581A - Transmitting system for television signal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To transmit the picture of a wide aspect ratio while maintaining a compatibility with a current television system by vertically compressing and transmitting the wide picture obtained from a developing system to the aspect ratio of 8 current receiver. CONSTITUTION:The picture signal of the respect ratio of 5:3 obtained from a TV camera 1 is vertically compressed in a vertical compressing part 2 so as to have the same aspect ratio of 4:3 as the current system. The vertically compressed signal is encoded to a current NTSC signal by a NTSC3. The output signal of the vertical compressing part 2 is applied to an adder 5 through a high frequency component modulating part 4 and added to the output of in NTSC encoder 3. In a receiving side, the high frequency component is demodulated in a demodulating part 8, added to a low frequency component reproduced in a NTSC decoder 7 in an adder 9, and thereafter, extended in a vertical extending part 10.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a television signal transmission system, and particularly to a wide aspect ratio television signal that is compatible with the standard aspect ratio receivers such as the current NTSC. 2. Description of the Related Art Television signal transmission system [Prior art] A system has been proposed for transmitting a television signal with a larger aspect ratio than the current television system while maintaining compatibility with the current system. (M, A.

l5nardi, etal, ”A Sjnglc
Channel, NTSCco+compatible
“Widascreen EDTV System”)
.

In the above proposed system, as shown in Fig. 16, of the wide screen obtained from the imaging system, the central part that can be displayed on current receivers is sent using the current system (for example, NTSC system), and the remaining screens on both sides are Modulated separately.

It is multiplexed with the current system signal and transmitted.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

First, as shown in Figure 6, the proposed technology above transmits only the central part of the wide screen that can be displayed on current TV receivers using the current system (NTSC system, etc.). There is no display and the left and right screens cannot be seen.

In addition, because the signal transmission formats of the center and left and right images are different, the effects of the transmission path and crosstalk associated with multiple multiplexing are different, and the connected parts of the reproduced images are not completely continuous, resulting in an unnatural Image quality deterioration occurs.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that even current receivers can display the entire wide image without cutting off both ends, and even when playing back images on a wide aspect ratio receiver, the wide image can be displayed without any unnatural connecting parts. The object of the present invention is to provide a television transmission system that can be obtained.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above object is achieved by compressing a wide image obtained from an imaging system in the vertical direction according to the aspect ratio of a current receiver and transmitting the compressed image. In addition.

Vertical high-frequency components and auxiliary information are transmitted using empty scanning lines generated by compression, and horizontal high-frequency components of a current band or higher are transmitted by multiplexing them into the frequency gaps of the current system.

[Effect]

If an image obtained from a wide aspect ratio imaging system is received as is by a current aspect ratio receiver, the image will be vertically long and compressed in the horizontal direction. In contrast, in the present invention, the aspect ratio (4:3) of current receivers is
The data is compressed in the vertical direction and transmitted. by this,
Normal images can be reproduced even when received with current TV receivers. Furthermore, the problem of not being able to reproduce a portion of the left and right images as in the prior art is resolved, and it becomes possible to view the entire screen.

Also, without separating the center and left and right edges.

- In the reproduced image, since it is transmitted by the same means,
It becomes possible to obtain a good image without essentially generating unnatural connection parts, which have been a problem in the prior art.

Furthermore, the high-frequency components generated by compression are
Since multiplexing is performed using free frequencies, high-resolution images can be reproduced by reproducing this.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1st
Figure (a) shows the configuration of the transmitting side, and Figure (b) shows the configuration of the receiving side. Considering the simplest case, TV camera 1 has the same number of scanning lines as the current system, 525, and is of 2:17 interlaced scanning, and only has an aspect ratio of 5:3, which is larger than the current system. Let's talk about when to use it. First, the aspect ratio obtained from camera 1 is 5:3.
The image signal is vertically compressed by the vertical compression unit 2 so that the aspect ratio is 4:3, which is the same as in the current system. Vertical information (vertical high-frequency components) necessary for expansion on the receiving side is transmitted using the upper and lower thrust scanning lines generated by compression.

This specific configuration will be described later.

The vertically compressed signal is the well-known NTS
The signal is encoded by the C encoder 3 into a current NTSC signal. This signal is in the current frequency band of 4,2 M
The horizontal frequency is band-limited to Hz, and low-frequency components are transmitted. Therefore, the output signal of the vertical compression section 2 is converted into 4,2M by the high frequency component modulation section 4.
High-frequency components above Hz are extracted and modulated so that they can be transmitted using the current system, and are added to the current NTSC signal by an adder 5 and transmitted. The detailed structure of this high frequency component modulation section is as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-067642.

On the receiving side, as shown in FIG. 1(b), the multiplexed high frequency components are first separated by a high frequency component separation section 6.

The original high-frequency component is reproduced by the demodulator 8, and added to the low-frequency component reproduced by the NTSC decoder 7 and the adder 9 to obtain a signal in the original band (0 to 6.0 MHz). The configuration of this high-frequency component separation and demodulation section is also realized by the technology described in the above-mentioned document.

This signal is expanded in the vertical direction in the vertical expansion section 10 in accordance with the compression of the transmission section, and the signal is expanded to a wide aspect ratio (5:
3) is inserted into the video section of a wide aspect ratio television receiver, and the image is reproduced.

The vertical compression on the transmitting side and the decompression method on the receiving side, which are one of the features of the present invention, will be specifically described. FIG. 2 shows an example of this. In this example, by thinning out one out of every five scanning lines in the image part of the original signal,
15 in the vertical direction. That is, the second
Five scanning lines of the original signal in the figure Xn-2, Xn-11Xn
HXn”t+ X n−xt X11− of Xn+z
1. Send only 4 pieces: Xn+i and Xn”z.

The information of Xn is transmitted using the upper and lower empty scanning lines shown by diagonal lines in the figure, which are generated by compression. Although it is conceivable to transmit the information of the thinned out scanning lines xn as is, it is not preferable in view of the interference caused when receiving it with a current receiver. For Uni, the difference Δ between the average value of the upper and lower scanning lines. send.

Here is. This Δ. is X. If it is in the upper half of the screen, it is sent using the upper empty scanning line, and if it is in the lower half, it is sent using the lower empty scanning line.

Current television receivers display this compressed signal as is. If a 5:3 image is displayed as is on a current 4:3 receiver, it will become a vertically long image, but if it is vertically compressed in this way, a correct image will be displayed.

Vertical expansion on the image receiving side of a wide aspect ratio is performed by interpolating one scanning line to each of the four scanning lines, as shown in FIG. 2. Let xn be the interpolated scanning line. =X
nt − to X n ”! +Δ.

=Xn , and the original scan line is reproduced.

The configuration of an embodiment of the vertical compression section 2 is shown in FIG. An image signal with a wide aspect ratio of 5:3 obtained from a television camera enters a one-scan line delay element 12°13 and an adder 1.
4 adds Xn-t+Xn+x, and then 1/2
The coefficient of is added. Then, the subtracter 15 takes the difference from Xn to obtain Δ1.

The control signal generator 18 divides the scanning period.

The switch 16 is switched at a ratio of one out of every five switches, and a control signal is output so that Δ1 is written into the memory 17. The memory write address is Δ. When writing, it is controlled so that the addresses correspond to the top and bottom of the screen. memory 17
Reading is performed in the normal screen order, thereby obtaining a compressed image signal.

Note that this compression function is performed only on the image portion and not on the synchronization signal portion.

The vertical expansion section (the configuration of the tenth embodiment in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 4) is controlled by a control signal from a control signal generation circuit 26
The signal switch 19 is switched.

Among the input signals, signals for scanning line interpolation (vertical high frequency components) sent in the upper and lower scanning lines of one image are written into the memory 20, and the other signals are written into the memory 21.

The data written in the memory 21 is read out, delayed by one scan delay index 22, and then added to the adder 23 by X n
"L and xn-i are added, and then multiplied by a - coefficient and input to the adder 24. In the adder 24, it is added with Δ read out from the memory 20 to obtain the interpolated signal X0. Then, The signal switch 25 is switched at a rate of one out of every four signals by the control signal from the control signal generation circuit 26, and the interpolation signal Xn is output.As a result, an image signal expanded in the vertical direction is output. Ru.

Above, we have described the case where the difference between the average value of the upper and lower scanning lines is sent as the scanning line interpolation signal (vertical high frequency component) Δ1, but this is not limited to this, and the interpolation signal on the receiving side X,=N・Δ. shall be.

Or Δ. and Δ as mentioned above. Various methods can be considered, such as modulating the signal with a carrier wave and transmitting it.

In addition, as a method of vertical stretching, as shown in Fig. 5(b),
It is also possible to make the vertical sweep larger than the conventional one shown in FIG. However, in this case, the vertical resolution will be slightly sacrificed.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the operation on the transmitting side in another embodiment. In this example, the imaging system has an aspect ratio of 16:9.
．． Consider an interlaced scanning system with 1125 scanning lines and 307 L/-m.

Figure (a) shows a signal form obtained from an imaging system with 1125 scanning lines.In the first field, the scanning lines A, B, C, D, . . . In the second field, the scanning lines A/, RI are shown as dotted lines.

Signals corresponding to C', . . . are extracted.

On the other hand, FIG. 3B shows an example of a scanning line signal transmitted after image reduction according to the present invention.

In this example, the first field's scanning lines I99, B, C...
. . , as well as the second field scan line 412'.

C', . . . are the average values of the signals between two consecutive scanning lines (
For example, (A+8)/2. (D+E)/2°...). Then, a signal corresponding to a wide aspect ratio image is created by reducing the image equivalent to a total of 1360 scanning lines in one frame.

Incidentally, an example of an auxiliary signal for compensating for the vertical resolution lost due to this processing is shown in FIG. 3(c).

In this example, two types of auxiliary signals V H1 are provided for each scanning line.
Assign v V Hz. Among these, the V Hs signal has a difference value 1 of the scanning line signals used to generate the scanning lines 41, . . . For example, for scanning line A, the difference value is (A+B)/2. For the mouth, it is generated by (D+E)/2. On the other hand, V.H.
These auxiliary signals VHz,
The VH2 performs time axis compression, and multiplexes the data in the period of 120 unused scanning lines, as shown in FIG. 3(d), for example.

Next, the operation on the receiving side will be explained with reference to FIG.

By calculating the sum or difference with the auxiliary signal V H1 for the scanning lines A, B, C, etc. transmitted as shown in FIG. , the signals A, B, E, or G s H of two consecutive pairs of scanning lines corresponding to the original system having 1125 scanning lines are reproduced. With respect to the signal sequence of FIG.
Hx-(B+D)/2. A calculation of VHz-(E+G)/2 is performed to reproduce the signals corresponding to the missing scanning lines C and F in FIG. 2(b). And finally, the same figure (c
), it is displayed in the form of the original system with 1125 scanning lines.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to realize wide aspect ratio image transmission without compromising resolution while being compatible with current television systems.

Note that in the present invention, the above-mentioned VHz.

Images with high vertical resolution can be reproduced using auxiliary signals such as VH2. On the other hand, regarding horizontal resolution as well, high resolution image reproduction can be realized by the auxiliary signals described below.

In a wide aspect ratio image, the signal spectrum has a wide frequency band, as shown in FIG. 8(a), and exceeds the frequency band specified by the current television system. For this reason, signals within the current television signal band also degrade horizontal resolution.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, for example, the brightness high-frequency component exceeding the current television signal band is frequency-converted into a signal within the current television signal band by frequency shifting, and multiplexed as an auxiliary signal HH.

On the receiving side, as shown in FIG. 4(d), the multiplexed auxiliary signal HH is separated and extracted, demodulated into a signal of the original frequency band, and the luminance high frequency component is reproduced.

Through this operation, image reproduction with high horizontal resolution can be realized.

Various forms can be considered for multiplexing the auxiliary signal HH, and one example is shown in FIG. The spectra of the luminance signal and the two-color signal exist in the solid line region, respectively.

Therefore, the auxiliary signal HH is applied to this unused and vacant first signal. Multiplex in the third quadrant.

FIG. 9 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the transmitting side of the present invention based on the principles explained in sections 6 to 8 above. In the 16:9 imaging system 1, the number of scanning lines is 1125, for example.

30 frames, interlaced scanning, aspect ratio 16:
The three primary color signals R, D, and B in the form of 9 are input to the YIQ conversion circuit 3.
2, the signal is converted into a luminance signal Y and two color difference signals 1, such as I, Q, or RY, B-Y. Then, the transmission scanning line signal generation circuits 33 and 36 perform calculations between the scanning line signals as shown in FIG. 6, for example, to determine the scanning line number to be transmitted.

Generates mouth, ha,... signals. On the other hand, the VH1 extraction circuit 34. Similarly, the VHz extraction circuit 35 generates vertical auxiliary signals VHI and VHz as shown in FIG. 6(Q), for example, by calculation between the scanning line signals. These generated signals are subjected to processing such as time axis expansion and one time axis rearrangement by one-time axis conversion circuits 37 to 40, and are converted into a signal sequence conforming to the scanning form of the current television system.

The image-reduced luminance signal with an aspect ratio of 16:9 obtained by the time axis conversion circuit 37 is processed by the HH extraction circuit 41.
As previously shown in FIG. 8, for example, the high-frequency component of the luminance signal is extracted as an auxiliary signal component, and the auxiliary signal 1 (H') whose frequency is converted to the frequency band of the current television system by the frequency shift circuit 42 is generated. Then, by adding the delay-adjusted signal in the delay circuit 43 in the adder circuit 44, multiplexing of the auxiliary signal HH' is realized.

On the other hand, the color difference signals I, Q, or R-Y, B-Y are used by a color signal modulation circuit 45 to generate a color signal C of the current television system.

Then, in the multiplexing circuit 46, in each predetermined period,
Auxiliary signal VHz, VHz and aspect ratio 1
6:9 image signals are multiplexed. Then, a synchronization signal, a burst signal, and, if necessary, a control signal, an identification signal, etc. are added to configure a wide aspect ratio television signal that is compatible with current television systems.

Next, an embodiment on the receiving side will be described with reference to FIG.

The separation circuit 47 extracts the luminance signal YL9, the color signal C1, and the auxiliary signals HH' and VH1'VHz from the received signal.
'Separate and extract each signal. Note that in this separation, it is desirable to perform a separation/extraction operation using motion adaptive processing in a three-dimensional frequency domain of so-called horizontal and vertical nine hours.

The auxiliary signal HH' is converted into a signal in the original frequency band by the frequency shift circuit 49, and the high frequency component of the wide aspect ratio luminance signal is demodulated. Then, the YL times signal delayed by the delay circuit 48 is added in the adder circuit 50, and demodulated into a luminance signal whose frequency is extended to the high frequency component.

Using this luminance signal and the auxiliary signal V Hlt V H2 whose delay has been adjusted by the delay circuit 22, the scanning line reproducing circuit 53 performs the operation shown in FIG. 7, for example.
A luminance signal corresponding to each scanning line of 1125 scanning lines is generated.

On the other hand, the color signal C is demodulated into the original color difference signals I, Q or RY, BY in the color signal demodulation circuit 51.

Then, based on this signal, the scanning line reproducing circuit 54 generates a color difference signal corresponding to each scanning line in the form of 1125 scanning lines. Note that color difference signals do not require the same resolution as luminance signals because the visual characteristics of the outer ear are poor. Therefore, in the generation of each scanning line, for example, the scanning lines A, B, and C1 shown in FIG. 7(Q) or scanning lines E, F, etc. shown in FIG.
This may be realized by using the information of the 42 scanning lines shown in a) as is.

The signal sequence generated by the above processing is subjected to processing such as compression and rearrangement of the time axis in the 1-time axis conversion circuit 55, and is converted into a signal sequence in the form of interlaced scanning with 1125 scanning lines and 30 frames. .

Then, the RGB conversion circuit 56 converts it into three primary color signals, and 1
The 6:9 display system 57 reproduces an image with an aspect ratio of 16:9. At this time, the displayable image area is, for example, the shaded area in FIG. 11(a).

The above is the operation when a wide aspect ratio television signal according to the present invention is received. Next, an example of the operation when a signal of the current television system is received will be described.

The decoder circuit 58 performs processing such as demodulation of the YCC separated two signals, and outputs the luminance signal Y L', color difference signals I', Q
' to play. In this case as well, YC separation requires 3
It is desirable to perform separation with less crosstalk by motion adaptive processing in the dimensional frequency domain, and this YC separation function can also be realized by the separation circuit 57 described above.

The scanning line auxiliary circuits 59 and 60 generate interpolated scanning line signals necessary for a scanning form with 1125 scanning lines, using information on scanning lines adjacent in the spatial and temporal directions. and,
In the time axis conversion circuit 61, the time rIIff axis is rearranged 1.
Processing such as time axis compression is performed, for example, in Figure 11 (b
) The image is reproduced as a signal in the form shown in ().

Note that identification of current television format and wide aspect ratio television signals is performed using control signals, identification signals, or the like.

Note that there are various forms of the auxiliary signal according to the present invention other than the one shown in FIG. 12(a).For example, as shown in FIG. 12(b), l! It is also possible to multiplex the auxiliary signals of the one-time signal and the two-color signal.

Also, as a multiplexing form of auxiliary signals, in addition to FIG. 12,
For example, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to perform orthogonal modulation and multiplexing in the area of .

Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to the transmission of wide aspect ratio television signals using multiple channels, and one embodiment thereof is shown in FIG. 14. This embodiment is a case of two-channel transmission, in which an image signal with an aspect ratio of 4:3 is transmitted in a format similar to the current television system, and compatibility is maintained. Note that in this case, it is also possible to superimpose an auxiliary signal HH for improving the horizontal resolution. On the other hand, ch2 transmits signals corresponding to images that cannot be transmitted by chi and auxiliary signals. In this case, the auxiliary signal may be a VH multiplied signal to improve vertical resolution or an H signal to improve horizontal resolution.
A variety of things are possible, such as an H-fold signal or both.

On the receiving side, a high-resolution image with an aspect ratio of 16:9 is reproduced again from the image signals of chi and ch2 and the auxiliary signal.

Note that in transmission using five or more channels, image deterioration such as seams may occur in the reproduced image due to variations in characteristics between channels.

An embodiment for solving this type of problem is shown in FIG. The difference with Fig. 14 is that the image signal assigned to ch2 is
It has an area of overlap with the chl signal.

When reproducing an image with an aspect ratio of 16:9, image quality such as seams can be improved by adjusting the gain of the luminance signal, the gain of the envelope signal, WRu, etc. so that the signals of each channel match in this overlap area. Deterioration can be resolved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to transmit images with a wide aspect ratio while maintaining compatibility with current television systems, which has a great effect on widening television images.

Incidentally, 9 examples of the auxiliary signal in the present invention are as follows.

Vertical resolutions, but not limited to those shown in the examples.

Alternatively, it is clear that the present invention is applicable to any device that contributes to improving horizontal resolution.

Furthermore, the multiplexing form of the auxiliary signals is not necessarily limited to those shown in Figs. 12 and 13, but may include combinations thereof, etc.
It is also clear that various forms are possible.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of scanning lines is 525, 1125, and 1
Although the explanation has been given using a 6:9 scanning format as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the number of scanning lines is 1049 or 1050.
It is also obvious that the present invention can also be applied to objects in the form of books and the like.

Furthermore, in the description of the embodiment, the case of the NTSC system was described as the current system, but the present invention can also be applied to systems such as SECAM and PAL.

Furthermore, as a method of modulating and multiplexing high-frequency components in two ways, an example has been shown in which a gap in the frequency spectrum of the current method is used, but a method of modulating the video signal so as to be orthogonal to the carrier wave may also be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a television signal transmission system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the functions of the vertical compression section 2 and the vertical expansion section 10 of FIG. 1. 4 is a configuration diagram of the vertical compression section 2, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the vertical expansion section 10, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the vertical expansion section.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an auxiliary signal for improving vertical resolution in another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of an auxiliary signal on the receiving side, and No. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an auxiliary signal frequency for improving horizontal M image resolution. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the transmitting side according to the present invention based on the principle of FIG. 7, FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the receiving side, and FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the reproduced image according to the present invention. One display example, FIGS. 12 and 13 are operation explanatory diagrams of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 14 and 15 are explanations of the principle of one embodiment when the present invention is applied to multi-channel transmission. 16 are block diagrams of the prior art. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Television camera, 2... Vertical direction compression part, 3.
...NTSC encoder, 4...High frequency component modulation section, 6
...High frequency component separation section, 7...NTSC decoder, 8
...High frequency component demodulation section, 10...Vertical direction expansion section, 1
1... Wide screen receiver, 12, 13, 22.
...1 scanning line delay element, 17, 20.21...memory, 18°26...control signal generator, 31...16:
9 Imaging system. 32...YIQ conversion circuit, 33.36...Transmission scanning line signal generation circuit, 34...VH extraction circuit, 35.
...VHz extraction circuit, 37-4o...time axis conversion circuit, 41...HH extraction circuit, 42...frequency shift circuit, 43...delay circuit, 44...addition circuit, 45.
...Color signal modulation circuit, 46...Multiplexing circuit, 47...
- Separation circuit, 48. 52... Delay circuit, 49... Frequency shift circuit, 50... Addition circuit, 51... Color signal demodulation circuit, 53° 54... Scanning line reproduction circuit, 55.
61... Time axis conversion circuit, 56... RGB conversion circuit, 57... 16:9 display system, 58... Decoder circuit, 59... Scanning line interpolation circuit 6... Arrival at high range Part early 2nd o -11---o -m-00--shi0
□ 0 4th mouth 17・MeLS/s, z6-A+Ithe number generation each 20・21・・Memory 25.24・・Adder 5th mouth 16th (sending completed area 11q) (Reception, 1)
1°) of the drawing (No change in content) (Reform) 7th area (Q-) (b) (°) Direction line signal 1 Slo 4 Raw Slope 4 can be said v:m 9gJ No. /I Entrance (α) (b) Kaku M Time Sheet /2 (2) No. /3r7J (G) No. 74 No. 1/I Entrance Procedures Amendment (Method) Indication of Case Patent Application No. 85071 of 1985 Fushi Osamu
Figures 6 to 15 of the drawings subject to human amendment Contents of the amendment Engraving of the drawings originally attached to the application ◆As shown in the attached sheet [No change in content]

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The transmitting section thins out the scanning lines at regular intervals, compresses the image signal in the vertical direction, and sends auxiliary signals to the upper and lower scanning lines generated by the thinning and compression to improve the resolution of the image. A transmission method for transmitting television signals.