JPH01254365A - Partially reinforced metal material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the joining power of a cast-in metal and fiber reinforcing metal composite material by casting in the fiber reinforcing metal composite material through the zinc alloy contg. a copper or an Al at specified rate respectively. CONSTITUTION:In case of casting-in fiber reinforcing metal composite material (FRM) 2 and cast-in metal, the zinc alloy contg. 0.1-10wt.% copper or that contg. 1-5% Al is coated on the surface of the FRM 2 by a galvanizing method, etc., to execute cast-in. The metal of a Li, Na, etc., is added at the rate of 0.01-5% in the zinc alloy, if necessary. This zinc alloy is difficult to be oxidized its viscosity at melting time is large and its temp. zone is wide, hence it is easily alloyed with the matrix metal of the FRM 2 and cast-in metal main body. The joining power of the FRM 2 and cast-in metal main body 1 is thus improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced metal composite material (hereinafter referred to as FRM).
This relates to a partially reinforced metal material made of a cast metal.

(Problems to be solved by conventional technology and invention) FR, which is made by reinforcing aluminum or aluminum alloy with fibers and whiskers, has excellent mechanical properties, especially at high and low temperatures, and is used in many industrial fields. However, reinforcing fibers and whiskers are expensive, and the process of compositing the reinforcing fibers and the matrix metal is costly, making it an expensive material.
Currently, M has not reached the point where it can replace conventional metal materials.

In view of these circumstances, research is being conducted on partially reinforced metal materials that can maximize the characteristics of FRM at low cost by placing the expensive FRM in necessary parts with cast metal.

The most important point in manufacturing partially reinforced metal materials is FRM.
The main point is to remove the surface oxide film of the matrix metal. If an oxide film exists at the interface between the FIIM and the cast metal, no welding will occur and the performance as a partially reinforced metal material cannot be exhibited. As one of the manufacturing methods to solve these problems, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 107854/1982, the surface of FIIM is plated by applying ultrasonic vibrations to an aluminum solder melt plating solution, and an aluminum alloy is then cast. It has been suggested that the group work together. However, this manufacturing method can only partially destroy the surface oxide film of the matrix metal, and although bonding has been achieved in some parts, the presence of unbonded parts makes it possible to create a partially reinforced composite material with excellent mechanical performance. is difficult to manufacture.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present inventors first destroy the surface oxide film of the matrix metal of FRH, coat the destroyed surface with a metal that will alloy with the matrix metal, and the coated metal needs to easily adhere to the casting metal. As a result of intensive study on certain points, we found that by using zinc alloy for the coating metal, FRM
The inventors also discovered that the mechanical properties of cast metals are improved, leading to the completion of the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a partially reinforced metal comprising a FRFI, a zinc alloy layer containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of copper formed on the surface of the FRM, and a cast metal joined to the FRM via the alloy layer. It provides materials.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that 1 to 5% by weight of aluminum and 0.1 to 10ffi of copper are formed on the surface of FRM and 39 FRM.
The present invention provides a partially reinforced metal material comprising a layer of an alloy containing 1% zinc and a cast metal joined to the FRM via the alloy layer.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

FRH fibers used in the present invention include inorganic fibers, metal fibers, inorganic whiskers, metal whiskers, etc., and may be long fibers or short fibers. In addition, the matrix metal of FRH is a zinc alloy that forms a strong surface oxide film and is formed on the surface of FRH, i.e., ■ an alloy of zinc containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of copper, or ■ 1 to 5% aluminum, Examples include metals that are easily alloyed with zinc alloys containing 1 to 10% m O (hereinafter both ① and ② are referred to as zinc brazing materials). For example, aluminum, magnesium,
Titanium and alloys thereof can be used.

Although there are no restrictions on the fiber volume content in the FRH for joining with the cast metal, it is determined by the design requirements of the partially reinforced metal material.

The zinc brazing material of the present invention has the following characteristics: ■ It has a low melting temperature. ■ It is difficult to oxidize the brazing material itself when melting. ■ It has a high viscosity when melted and has a wide temperature range. Therefore, it is compatible with the matrix metal and cast metal of FRH. It is easy to alloy, and the mechanical properties of the alloy are excellent.

As mentioned above, the alloy composition of the zinc brazing material is an alloy of 0.1 to 10% by weight of copper, the balance being zinc, or an alloy of 1 to 5% by weight of aluminum, 0.1 to 10% by weight of copper, and the balance being zinc, and more. Preferably, it is an alloy of 2 to 5 weight percent copper, the balance being zinc, or an alloy of 4 to 5 weight percent aluminum, 2 to 5 weight percent copper, the balance being zinc.

If the composition of the zinc brazing material of the present invention is out of the range, sufficient adhesive strength at the interface between the FRM and the cast metal cannot be obtained.

The surface of the FRM is cleaned by a conventional method before being coated with the zinc brazing material. For example, polishing with a wire brush, blasting, chemical treatment, etc. can be selected as appropriate.

Further, the present invention provides FIIM reinforcing fibers and matrix metal.
In order to improve the adhesive strength at the interface with the zinc brazing alloy, one or more selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium is added to the zinc brazing alloy. It can contain metals. The mechanism of this improvement in adhesive strength is that when the zinc brazing material penetrates into the matrix metal, that part becomes a liquid phase, and the lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium in the zinc brazing material This is because one or more metals selected from radium and radium crystallize near the fibers.

Lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, BeIJ
The amount of one or more metals selected from +Jium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium added to the zinc brazing material is 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight. It is 1% by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.01% by weight, the amount is insufficient for crystallization in the vicinity of all the fibers, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the mechanical properties of the matrix metal will be deteriorated.

The method of coating the zinc brazing material of the present invention includes the following method. (1) Melt-dip plating method: The object to be plated is immersed in a molten metal bath for a required period of time, then taken out, and the molten metal is solidified and coated. (2) Thermal spray plating method: Metal is melted and sprayed onto the surface of the object to be plated using air or gas. (3) Vacuum deposition method: The metal is heated to evaporate in vacuum and solidified on the surface of the object to be plated. (4) Sputtering method: A glow discharge is caused in a vacuum container and the surface is coated using the sputtering phenomenon of the cathode. Cover. (5) Chemical vapor phase plating: A vapor phase of a compound is sent onto the surface of the heated object to be plated.
Coating by reaction on the surface of an object. (6) Rolling method: Two or more metals/alloys are rolled together. (
7) Diffusion bonding method: The coated metal and the object to be plated are pressurized and crimped at a temperature below their respective melting points.

Any method can be used, but (2) to (7)
In method (1), hot-dip plating method is preferred from the viewpoint of ease of operation and cost, because after coating with zinc brazing material, it is necessary to heat-treat for several minutes at the temperature at which the zinc brazing material melts (380 to 420"C). Most preferred.

The thickness of the zinc brazing material formed on the surface of the FIIM is determined by the coating conditions, but in order to obtain the partially reinforced metal material of the present invention, the presence of even a small layer of zinc brazing material will be effective. can be expressed.

Existing techniques can be used for casting the FRM coated with zinc brazing material with casting metal.

For example, any method such as gravity casting, low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, precision casting, high pressure solidification casting, die casting, etc. may be used.

The cast metal may be any metal as long as it is easily alloyed with the zinc brazing material like the FIIM matrix metal, and examples thereof include aluminum, magnesium, chikun, and alloys thereof.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, the present invention provides zinc brazing material on the surface of the FRM and casts the FRM disposed at desired locations with a cast metal, thereby sufficiently bonding the FRM and the cast metal. Since it has become possible to provide a partially reinforced metal material, it can be applied to mechanical parts and structural members in many industrial fields, and can contribute to expanding the use of FRM.

[Examples] The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1. Comparative Example 1.2 Alumina fiber (A1.O manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., content 85
Weight%, SiO□ content 15% by weight, average fiber diameter 14μ
m, tensile strength 180 kg/mu”, tensile modulus 235
FRM (fiber volume content: Vf = 50 volume %) with 1-0.5 wt% Ba alloy as a reinforcing material (fiber volume content: Vf = 50 volume %) with zinc brazing material (Zn
-4.5% by weight Al-4.7% by weight Cu alloy) was coated by melt plating. The coating was carried out by immersing the FRM whose surface had been polished with a wire brush in molten zinc brazing material maintained at 380°C for 30 seconds. F coated with this zinc brazing material
When observing the RH coating state using EPM^, the alloy layer formed by the FRH matrix metal and zinc brazing material was approximately 300 μm thick, and the thickness of the zinc brazing material on the surface was 50 μm.
Met.

As a comparative example, the surface of the FRM described above was coated with zinc and a 5 wt % aluminum-balance zinc alloy in the same manner.

The melting temperature of zinc is 420°C25ff! The melting temperature of the mass% aluminum-balance zinc alloy was 400"C.The coating state of these coatings was such that an alloy layer formed by FRM, zinc, and zinc alloy existed in some parts, and the depth of that part was The thickness was approximately 10 μm for zinc and 10 to 50 μm for 5 wt% aluminum-balance zinc alloy, but many parts were not welded and the surface of the FRM was simply coated with zinc or zinc alloy. Ta.

These three types of zinc, zinc alloy, and FRM coated with zinc brazing material were each placed in a graphite mold at room temperature,
Cast in AC4D at 700°C. After solidification, a length of 100 m was measured to measure the bonding strength between the FRM and the cast metal.
A tensile test piece was prepared with a width of 10 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, with the bonding interface at the center in the length direction. The tensile test was conducted using Autograph D%S-500T manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The measurement results are shown in the table below.

◎Good, only 81 parts joined, ×Bad Example 2 FRM (Vf-50 volume% ) 80m1IIX 15
Two pieces of InIn were cut into a shape of 5 m (fiber direction is 80-fold direction), one was left as is, and the other was
Example 1 Zinc brazing material (Zn-4,5% by weight Cu alloy)
It was coated by hot-dip plating under the same conditions as . F.R.M.
The depth of the alloy layer of the and zinc brazing material was 200 μm. A connecting rod shown in FIG. 1 in which these FLIMs were partially incorporated was molded by high-pressure solidification casting.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a connecting grommet according to a specific example of the present invention, in which numeral 1 is ACIA aluminum alloy as a cast metal, and numeral 2 is FIIM. Molding conditions are molten metal temperature 85
The forging was carried out at 0°C1 molten metal forging pressure of 500 kg/c+a.

When the formed connecting rod was observed, it was found that the connecting rod that was not coated with zinc brazing material was peeled off at the interface between the FRM and the cast metal ACIA. This seems to have occurred because the bonding strength was not strong enough to withstand the thermal stress caused by the difference in thermal contraction during solidification. On the other hand, the connecting rod coated and cast with zinc brazing material was strongly bonded at the interface, and no peeling was observed.

Example 3 Using the alumina fiber shown in Example 1 as a reinforcing material, Al-0
, FRM CV with 5 wt% Ba alloy as matrix
f-35 volume%) 290mg+X100 MX O,
A 4 mm sheet (fiber is plain weave cloth) was produced. Zinc brazing material (Zu-4wt%A) was applied to both sides of the FRM.
Example 1
After coating using the same melt plating method as above, it was heated to 400°C and placed along the outer periphery of a die-casting mold. F.R.
The depth of the alloy layer of FI and zinc brazing material was 100 μm.

Next, this FRM was cast using a die casting machine using a casting metal ADC12. Die casting conditions are molten metal temperature 6
The pipe shown in Fig. 2 was molded at 80°C and a casting pressure of 1000 kg/cJ. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a Novive, a specific example of the present invention. This pipe is used as an internal pressure vessel, and 4 in FIG. 2 is FRM, and 3 is a cast metal body made of ADC12 aluminum alloy.

In this pipe as well, due to the effect of zinc brazing material, FRM
The interface between the material and the cast metal was strongly bonded, and no peeling was observed.

Example 4 Alumina staple fiber (Saluil 1.O manufactured by IC1C1, content 96% by weight, 5 ift content! content 4, average fiber length 1
~5cm, average fiber diameter 3ttm, tensile strength 150kg/
III: A FRM (Vf-15 volume %) composed of ACIA with a tensile modulus of 30,000 kg/threshold t) is shaped into an outer diameter of 100 mm x inner diameter of 90 mm x height of 100 m,
Zinc brazing material (Zn-4.5% by weight) was applied to the surface of the FIIM.
Al-4, 7% by weight Cu-1% by weight Sr alloy) was coated by the same hot-dip plating method as in Example 1. The coating method is Example 1
Similarly, EPMA observation revealed that the surface of the coated FRH was coated with an alloy layer of zinc brazing material and ACIA to a depth of 300 μm, and a zinc brazing material with a thickness of 40 μm.

The FRM was cast in a cast metal ADC12 under the same die-casting conditions as in Example 3, and the molten metal temperature was 680°.
The C1 casting pressure was 900 kg/c+a, and the pipe shown in FIG. 2 was produced.

When observing this pipe, the interface between the FRM and the cast metal was strongly bonded, and no peeling was observed.

Example 5 Alumina short fibers and magnesium alloy M shown in Example 4
FRM composed of C5 (Vf=15 volume%) capacity diameter 1
00mm x inner diameter 90mm x height 100mm, and zinc brazing material (Zn-5wt%C) was applied to the surface of the FRM.
U-1% by weight Mg alloy) was coated using the same hot-dip plating method as in Example 1. The depth of the alloy layer of FRM and zinc brazing material is 10
The FRM was die-cast under the same conditions as in Example 3 using a cast metal ADC12 to produce a pipe shown in FIG. 2.

Even when this pipe was observed, the interface between the FRM and the cast metal was strongly bonded, and no peeling was observed.
．． 05~0.2 am, length 10~40μm, tensile strength 2100kg/tm'', tensile modulus 49000
kg/mm”) and FRM composed of 6061 alloy.
(Vf = 20% by volume) with an outer diameter of 10 as in Example 4.
The shape is 0 m x inner diameter 90 ffl x height 100 m, and zinc brazing material (Zn-4 wt% A1-2.5
% Cu-0.5% Ha alloy) was coated by the same hot-dip plating method as in Example 1. The depth of the alloy layer of FRM and zinc brazing material was 400 μm.

Under the same die-casting conditions as in Example 3, FRM was cast with cast metal ADC-12 to produce the pipe shown in FIG. 2.

When this pipe was observed, the interface between the FRM and the cast metal was strongly bonded, and no cracking was observed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a connecting rod as an example of a single unit according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a pipe as an example of a single unit according to the present invention. 1... Cast metal body 2... Fl? M 3... Cast metal body 4... FR gate

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A fiber-reinforced metal composite material, a zinc alloy layer containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of copper formed on the surface of the fiber-reinforced metal composite material, and bonded to the fiber-reinforced composite material through the alloy layer. Partially reinforced metal material consisting of cast metal (2) The partially reinforced metal material according to claim 1, wherein the zinc alloy contains 1 to 5% by weight of aluminum. (3) The zinc alloy is lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium,
The partially reinforced metal material according to claim 1 or 2, which contains 0.01 to 5% by weight of one or more metals selected from strontium, barium, and radium.