JPH01240143A - Fumigation of plants such as fruit or the like and device therefor - Google Patents
Fumigation of plants such as fruit or the like and device thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01240143A JPH01240143A JP63067066A JP6706688A JPH01240143A JP H01240143 A JPH01240143 A JP H01240143A JP 63067066 A JP63067066 A JP 63067066A JP 6706688 A JP6706688 A JP 6706688A JP H01240143 A JPH01240143 A JP H01240143A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plants
- vacuum
- atmosphere
- fruits
- temperature steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010085603 SFLLRNPND Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 29
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 7
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000219173 Carica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009467 Carica papaya Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は果実、野菜、花等の植物類の燻蒸処理の方法と
装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for fumigating plants such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
（従来の技術）
従来、国外より例えばパパイヤ等の果実を輸入する場合
、害虫、疫病の侵入を防ぐため燻蒸処理が必要であり、
通常は臭化メチル、塩化アルミニウムなどを使用したガ
ス処理操作により燻蒸処理を行なっている。しかしこの
方法では、臭化メチル等の燻蒸剤が果実中に残留する問
題があるので、最近では４０℃前後の蒸気を果実等を収
めた容器内に導入し、害虫及びその卵を殺す処理を行な
っている。(Prior art) Conventionally, when importing fruits such as papaya from overseas, fumigation treatment is required to prevent pests and pests from entering the fruit.
Fumigation is usually carried out by gas treatment using methyl bromide, aluminum chloride, etc. However, with this method, there is a problem that fumigants such as methyl bromide remain in the fruit, so recently steam at around 40°C is introduced into the container containing the fruit, etc. to kill pests and their eggs. I am doing it.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
前記の高温水蒸気で燻蒸を行なう場合、果実等の品質が
劣化し、蒸気によって濡れるため切り口からいたみが生
ずる問題があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When fumigating with the above-mentioned high-temperature steam, there is a problem in that the quality of fruits etc. deteriorates and spoilage occurs from the cut ends because they become wet with the steam.
本発明は、高温水蒸気を使用しての燻蒸に於ける前記問
題を解決する処理方法と処理装置を提案することを目的
とするものである。The object of the present invention is to propose a treatment method and a treatment apparatus that solve the above-mentioned problems in fumigation using high-temperature steam.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明では、前記問題を解決すべく、果実等の植物類の
置かれた雰囲気を、一旦真空状態としたのち高温水蒸気
を導入して大気圧に一定時間保持し、そのあと水分を除
去し乍ら再び真空状態として該植物類を真空冷却するよ
うにし、この方法を実施するために燻蒸装置を果実等の
植物類を収容する気密容器に、高温水蒸気発生用タンク
とブロワ−とコールドトラップ及び真空ポンプを夫々接
続したもので構成するようにした。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, the atmosphere in which fruits and other plants are placed is first made into a vacuum state, and then high-temperature steam is introduced to maintain the atmosphere at atmospheric pressure for a certain period of time. After that, the moisture is removed and the plants are vacuum-cooled again. To carry out this method, a fumigation device is installed in an airtight container containing fruits and other plants to generate high-temperature steam. It consists of a tank, a blower, a cold trap, and a vacuum pump connected to each other.
（作 用）
果実等の植物類を収めた気密容器内をまず真空ポンプに
より例えば５ Ｔｏｒｒ程度の真空状態とする。次いで
該気密容器内に高温水蒸気発生用タンクから例えば約４
０℃の高温水蒸気を大気圧となるまで導入し、害虫やそ
の卵が死滅するまでの一定時間ブロワーを作動させ乍ら
その状態を保持して燻蒸を行なう。このあと高温水蒸気
の導入を止め、該容器内の高温水蒸気をコールドトラッ
プを介して真空ポンプで急速に排除する。植物類に付着
していた高温水蒸気が急速に排除されることにより、植
物類から蒸発潜熱が奪われ、急速に植物類は真空冷却さ
れ、その切り口の部分は乾燥するのでその品質の低下が
防げる。また植物類の老化、熟成を促進するエチレンも
この真空冷却で植物類の内部から除去される。植物類の
温度が所定の温度に達したら真空冷却を止め、大気を導
入したのち植物類を気密容器から取出す。(Function) First, the inside of an airtight container containing plants such as fruits is brought to a vacuum state of, for example, about 5 Torr using a vacuum pump. Then, for example, about 4
Fumigation is performed by introducing high-temperature steam at 0°C until it reaches atmospheric pressure, and maintaining that state while operating a blower for a certain period of time until the pests and their eggs die. Thereafter, the introduction of high-temperature steam is stopped, and the high-temperature steam in the container is rapidly removed by a vacuum pump via a cold trap. By quickly removing the high-temperature water vapor attached to the plants, the latent heat of vaporization is taken away from the plants, and the plants are rapidly cooled in vacuum, and the cut ends are dried, preventing a decline in quality. . Ethylene, which promotes aging and ripening of plants, is also removed from the inside of plants through this vacuum cooling. When the temperature of the plants reaches a predetermined temperature, the vacuum cooling is stopped, the atmosphere is introduced, and the plants are removed from the airtight container.
（実施例）
まず本発明の装置の実施例を別紙図面に基づき説明する
と、図面に於て符号（１）はパパイヤ等の果実、花、野
菜、穀物などの植物類（２）が収容される耐圧性を備え
た気密容器、（３）は該気密容器（１）に開閉弁（４）
を介して配管接続した高温水蒸気発生用タンク、（５）
は該気密容器（１）に開閉弁（６）を介して接続したブ
ロワ−１（７）は開閉弁（８）を介して該気密容器（１
）に接続した真空ポンプ、（９）は開閉弁（ＩＧを介し
て該気密容器（１）に接続したコールドトラップを示す
。ａｌｌ）は高温水蒸気発生タンク（３）内の水（Ｉδ
を加熱蒸発させるヒーター、（′１３はコールドトラッ
プ（９）内の熱交換器（１４１へ冷凍機（Ｉ９から冷媒
を循環させる冷媒循環ポンプ、（ＩＯはドレン弁、（１
７）はコールドトラップ（９）内の真空排気のために開
閉弁ｃＩｅを介して真空ポンプ（７）に接続した配管で
ある。(Example) First, an example of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained based on the attached drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral (1) indicates that plants (2) such as fruits such as papaya, flowers, vegetables, and grains are stored. A pressure-resistant airtight container (3) has an on-off valve (4) in the airtight container (1).
(5) A tank for generating high-temperature steam, connected via piping.
The blower 1 (7) connected to the airtight container (1) via the on-off valve (6) is connected to the airtight container (1) via the on-off valve (8).
), (9) is a cold trap connected to the airtight container (1) via an on-off valve (IG), and (9) is a cold trap connected to the airtight container (1) via an on-off valve (IG).
('13 is a refrigerant circulation pump that circulates the refrigerant from the refrigerator (I9) to the heat exchanger (141) in the cold trap (9), (IO is the drain valve, (1)
7) is a pipe connected to a vacuum pump (7) via an on-off valve cIe for evacuating the inside of the cold trap (9).
次に図示装置を使用して行なった本発明の燻蒸処理方法
の実施例を説明すると、植物類〈２）を収容した気密容
器（１）内の雰囲気を開閉弁（８）を開いて真空ポンプ
（７）により真空化する。続いて開閉弁（４）も開け、
水蒸気発生用タンク（３）内も真空に引く。次いで開閉
弁（４）を閉じヒーター（ｌｖに電力を投入し、該タン
ク（３）内に水蒸気を発生させる。該気密容器（１）内
が例えば約５ Ｔｏｒｒの所定の真空に達したら開閉弁
（８）を閉じ、開閉弁（４）を開けて該タンク（３）内
に発生する約４０℃の高温水蒸気を気密容器（１）内へ
導入する。該気密容器（１）内が大気圧に達すると開閉
弁（６）を開き、ブロワ−（５）を作動させ、該容器（
１）内の大気圧を維持し乍ら高温水蒸気で植物類（１）
内の害虫やその卵を殺す（燻蒸する）。Next, an embodiment of the fumigation method of the present invention carried out using the illustrated device will be described. The atmosphere inside the airtight container (1) containing plants (2) is opened by opening the on-off valve (8) and pumping the vacuum pump. Vacuumize according to (7). Next, open the on-off valve (4),
The inside of the steam generation tank (3) is also evacuated. Next, the on-off valve (4) is closed and power is applied to the heater (LV) to generate water vapor in the tank (3). When the inside of the airtight container (1) reaches a predetermined vacuum of, for example, about 5 Torr, the on-off valve (4) is closed. (8) and open the on-off valve (4) to introduce the high temperature steam of approximately 40°C generated in the tank (3) into the airtight container (1).The airtight container (1) is at atmospheric pressure. When the container (
1) Plants (1) with high temperature steam while maintaining the atmospheric pressure inside
Kill (fumigate) the pests and their eggs inside.
この場合植物類はそれまで真空中にあったので、導入さ
れた高温水蒸気は植物類の内部まで効率良く浸透し、早
く害虫等が死滅する。害虫等が死滅するまでの一定時間
を過ぎると開閉弁（４） （６）を閉じ、冷凍機ａ９及
び冷媒循環ポンプ（１３を作動させたのち開閉弁ＧＯ（
１８を開け、真空ポンプ（７）を作動させる。これによ
り気密容器（１）内は真空に引かれ、その内部の水蒸気
や植物類（２）の内部の水、水蒸気がコールドトラップ
（９）内の熱交換器ａ＠に凝縮し、植物類（２）は蒸発
潜熱を奪われて速やかに冷えこの真空冷却で品質の劣化
が防止される。また植物類（２）の切り口の部分は乾燥
していたみが生じにくくなり、植物類（１）の老化、熟
成を促進するエチレンが内部から除去されるので、鮮度
保持期間を長くすることが出来る。In this case, since the plants were previously in a vacuum, the introduced high-temperature steam efficiently penetrates into the inside of the plants, quickly killing pests and the like. After a certain period of time until the pests die, the on-off valves (4) and (6) are closed, and after operating the refrigerator a9 and refrigerant circulation pump (13), the on-off valve GO (
18 and operate the vacuum pump (7). As a result, the inside of the airtight container (1) is evacuated, and the water vapor inside it and the water and steam inside the plants (2) are condensed in the heat exchanger a@ in the cold trap (9), and the plants ( 2) The latent heat of vaporization is removed and the product cools down quickly, and this vacuum cooling prevents quality deterioration. In addition, the cut ends of plants (2) are less likely to get dry and stale, and ethylene, which promotes aging and ripening of plants (1), is removed from the inside, so the freshness period can be extended. I can do it.
尚、植物類（２）の種類によっては、例えばパパイヤの
場合、余り温度を低く過ぎると低温障害を起すことがあ
るので、植物類〈２）の温度が所定の温度例えば８℃に
達すると開閉弁Ｉ′ＩＯ（′ｌｅを閉じ真空ポンプ（７
）、冷凍機ａ９、冷媒循環ポンプＣＩ３が止められる。In addition, depending on the type of plant (2), for example papaya, if the temperature is too low, it may cause low temperature damage, so when the temperature of plant (2) reaches a predetermined temperature, for example 8 degrees Celsius, it will open and close. Close the valve I'IO ('le) and close the vacuum pump (7).
), refrigerator a9, and refrigerant circulation pump CI3 are stopped.
このあとドレン弁ａＯを開け、コールドトラップ（９）
に凝縮した水を排出する。After this, open the drain valve aO and cold trap (9)
Drain the condensed water.
冷媒機Ｃｌ５）は、直媒方式のものでも、ブラインを使
った間接冷媒方式のものでも使用することが出来る。The refrigerant machine Cl5) can be of either a direct refrigerant type or an indirect refrigerant type using brine.
上記燻蒸処理方法の実施例に於て、気密容器（１）内を
真空状態としたのち高温水蒸気を導入し、次いで水蒸気
を排除して真空冷却する順序が維持されればよく、例え
ば冷凍機（′１Ｓ１１冷媒循環ポンプａ３を気密容器（
１）の真空ポンプ（Ｄによる真空引きを開始する以前に
作動させておくようにしてもよい。In the above embodiment of the fumigation method, it is sufficient to maintain the order of vacuuming the airtight container (1), introducing high-temperature steam, then removing the steam and vacuum cooling. '1S11 refrigerant circulation pump a3 in an airtight container (
The vacuum pump (1) may be operated before evacuation by the vacuum pump (D) is started.
（発明の効果）
以上のように本発明方法によるときは、植物類の雰囲気
を真空化したのち高温水蒸気の雰囲気とするので、植物
類の内部へ該水蒸気が浸透し、迅速に燻蒸が行なえ、高
温水蒸気中にさらされる時間が短くなるので品質の低下
も少なくなり、真空中で燻蒸処理することにより外気か
ら細菌が混入する危険性も少なく、次いで真空冷却によ
り急速に冷却するので温度によるいたみが少なくなると
共に切り口が乾燥して切り口からのいたみがなくなり、
植物類の内部からエチレンを効率よく除去でき植物類の
老化、熟成を防ぎ長持ちさせることが可能になる等の効
果が得られる。また本発明の装置によるときは、植物類
を収める気密容器に接続した高温水蒸気発生用タンクと
ブロワ−とコールドトラップ及び真空ポンプを適宜作動
させて前記方法を実施し得られ、その構成も比較的簡単
で安価に製作出来る等の効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, when using the method of the present invention, the atmosphere of plants is evacuated and then a high-temperature steam atmosphere is created, so the steam penetrates into the inside of the plants and fumigation can be performed quickly. Because the time of exposure to high-temperature steam is shortened, there is less deterioration in quality, and by fumigating in a vacuum, there is less risk of bacteria entering from the outside air.Then, the product is rapidly cooled by vacuum cooling, so there is no damage caused by temperature. As the amount decreases, the cut ends become dry and the damage from the cut ends disappears.
Effects such as being able to efficiently remove ethylene from the inside of plants, preventing aging and ripening of plants and making them last longer can be obtained. Furthermore, when using the apparatus of the present invention, the above method can be carried out by appropriately operating a high-temperature steam generation tank connected to an airtight container containing plants, a blower, a cold trap, and a vacuum pump, and its configuration is relatively It has the advantage of being easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
図面は本発明の装置の実施例を示す線図である。
（１）・・・気密容器 （２）・・・植物類（３）
・・・高温水蒸気発生用タンク
（５）・・・ブロワ−（７）・・・真空ポンプ（９）・
・・コールドトラップ
特 許 出 願 人 日本真空技術株式会社−一一、
：＋ノ
外３名 −The drawing is a diagram showing an embodiment of the device according to the invention. (1)...Airtight container (2)...Plants (3)
... High-temperature steam generation tank (5) ... Blower (7) ... Vacuum pump (9)
...Cold trap patent applicant: Japan Vacuum Technology Co., Ltd.
：＋3 other people −
Claims (1)
としたのち高温水蒸気を導入して大気圧に一定時間保持
し、そのあと水分を除去し乍ら再び真空状態として該植
物類を真空冷却することを特徴とする果実等の植物類の
燻蒸処理方法。 ２、果実等の植物類を収容する気密容器に、高温水蒸気
発生用タンクとブロワーとコールドトラップ及び真空ポ
ンプを夫々接続したことを特徴とする果実等の植物類の
燻蒸装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. The atmosphere in which fruits and other plants are placed is first brought into a vacuum state, then high-temperature steam is introduced and kept at atmospheric pressure for a certain period of time, and then water is removed and the atmosphere is brought back into a vacuum state. A method for fumigating plants such as fruits, which comprises vacuum cooling the plants. 2. A fumigation device for fruits and other plants, characterized in that a high-temperature steam generation tank, a blower, a cold trap, and a vacuum pump are respectively connected to an airtight container for storing fruits and other plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63067066A JPH01240143A (en) | 1988-03-23 | 1988-03-23 | Fumigation of plants such as fruit or the like and device therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63067066A JPH01240143A (en) | 1988-03-23 | 1988-03-23 | Fumigation of plants such as fruit or the like and device therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01240143A true JPH01240143A (en) | 1989-09-25 |
Family
ID=13334101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63067066A Pending JPH01240143A (en) | 1988-03-23 | 1988-03-23 | Fumigation of plants such as fruit or the like and device therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01240143A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010081222A (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-29 | 최연모 | Apparatus for vacuum-drying agricultural and marine products |
| JP2010259352A (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-18 | Technological Institute Of Organic Function | Method and apparatus for controlling insect pest of cultivated plant by high-temperature water or water having difference in temperature from outside air temperature |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01137936A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-05-30 | Sankichi Miyasaka | Insecticidal device for fruit, vegetable or the like |
-
1988
- 1988-03-23 JP JP63067066A patent/JPH01240143A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01137936A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-05-30 | Sankichi Miyasaka | Insecticidal device for fruit, vegetable or the like |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010081222A (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-29 | 최연모 | Apparatus for vacuum-drying agricultural and marine products |
| JP2010259352A (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-18 | Technological Institute Of Organic Function | Method and apparatus for controlling insect pest of cultivated plant by high-temperature water or water having difference in temperature from outside air temperature |
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