JPH01234871A - Developing device for image forming device - Google Patents
Developing device for image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01234871A JPH01234871A JP63060623A JP6062388A JPH01234871A JP H01234871 A JPH01234871 A JP H01234871A JP 63060623 A JP63060623 A JP 63060623A JP 6062388 A JP6062388 A JP 6062388A JP H01234871 A JPH01234871 A JP H01234871A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- developing device
- sleeve
- developer carrier
- image forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、電子写真複写機及びプリンタ等の画像形成装
置の現像装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a developing device for an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine and a printer.
従来の技術
ゼログラフィの原理を利用してなる画像形成装置、例え
ば−殻内な電子写真複写機においては、−様に帯電した
感光体表面を露光して静電潜像を形成し、この静電潜像
を現像して得られたトナー像を用紙等の転写材に転写し
た後に定着してコピーを得ている。代表的な現像装置と
しては、トノーーとトナーを静電吸着して搬送する強磁
性体のキャリアとからなる二成分現像剤を用いる磁気ブ
ラシ現像装置を挙げることができる。Conventional technology In an image forming apparatus that utilizes the principle of xerography, such as an in-shell electrophotographic copying machine, an electrostatic latent image is formed by exposing the surface of a charged photoreceptor, and this static A toner image obtained by developing an electrostatic latent image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper and then fixed to obtain a copy. A typical developing device is a magnetic brush developing device that uses a two-component developer consisting of a toner and a ferromagnetic carrier that electrostatically attracts and transports the toner.
第６図は従来のこの種の現像装置の断面構成図、第７図
は第６図におけるＶｌ−Ｖｌ線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional developing device of this type, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line Vl--Vl in FIG.
撹拌部材２により撹拌されたハウジング４中のトナー６
は、トナー供給ロール８の回転に伴って現像剤１０中に
投入される。現像剤１０は、上記投入量の制御並びにミ
キシングオーガ１２゜１４及び仕切り板１６の作用によ
りトナー濃度を一定に保たれており、これにより、均′
−特性な現像剤が現像ロール１８に供給されるようにな
っている。現像ロール１８は、マグネット２２及びその
回りに回転自由に支承されたスリーブ２０から構成され
ており、スリーブ２０上に担持された現像剤は、規制部
材２４により単位面積当りの担持量を規制されて現像位
置、つまり現像Ｏ−ル１８と感光体ドラム２６とが対向
する位置に送られる。Toner 6 in housing 4 stirred by stirring member 2
is thrown into the developer 10 as the toner supply roll 8 rotates. The toner concentration of the developer 10 is kept constant by controlling the input amount as described above and by the action of the mixing auger 12 14 and the partition plate 16.
- A characteristic developer is supplied to the developer roll 18. The developing roll 18 is composed of a magnet 22 and a sleeve 20 rotatably supported around the magnet 22, and the amount of developer carried on the sleeve 20 is regulated by a regulating member 24 per unit area. It is sent to a developing position, that is, a position where the developing roller 18 and the photosensitive drum 26 face each other.
なお、第７図に示されるように、マグネット２２はシャ
フト２８により支持され、スリーブ２０はシャフト２８
に対して回転自由なフランジ３０゜３２により支持され
ており、これにより上記動作及びマグネット２２の位置
調整が可能となっている。また、スリーブ２０の規制部
材２４に対向する部分の両側の両端外周部表面にはシー
ル部材３４が当接しており、これにより現像剤１０の現
像装置外部への漏れ及び現像剤１０の不要領域での現像
ロール１８への付着が防止されている。Note that, as shown in FIG. 7, the magnet 22 is supported by the shaft 28, and the sleeve 20 is supported by the shaft 28.
The magnet 22 is supported by a flange 30° 32 which can rotate freely relative to the magnet 22, thereby making it possible to perform the above-mentioned operation and adjust the position of the magnet 22. In addition, sealing members 34 are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of both ends of the portion of the sleeve 20 that faces the regulating member 24, which prevents the developer 10 from leaking to the outside of the developing device and prevents the developer 10 from unnecessary areas. is prevented from adhering to the developing roll 18.
ところで、スリーブ２０の表′面には、第８図に示すよ
うに、その前面にわたり軸方向に複数の１Ｍ２０ａが形
成されており、この満２０８に現像剤が充填されること
により、現像剤の搬送不良によるコピー濃度の低下やコ
ピー濃度の均一性不良といったトラブルを防止するよう
にしている。By the way, as shown in FIG. 8, on the surface of the sleeve 20, a plurality of 1M20a are formed in the axial direction across the front surface, and by filling these 1M208 fully with developer, the developer is removed. This is to prevent troubles such as a decrease in copy density due to poor conveyance and poor uniformity of copy density.
発明が解決しようとする課題
このように、従来の現像装置においては、スリーブの表
面に溝を形成することにより、現像剤の搬送性を向上さ
せていたものであるが、スリーブ゛のシール部材との当
接部においては、スリーブ表面に溝が形成されているこ
とによりかえって現像剤の密閉性が悪化しているという
問題があった。Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, in conventional developing devices, the conveyance of the developer was improved by forming grooves on the surface of the sleeve. At the abutting portion, there was a problem in that the grooves formed on the sleeve surface actually worsened the sealing performance of the developer.
即ち、スリーブとシール部材の当接部に侵入したトナー
がスリーブの回転に伴ってその露出部に搬送されると、
このような端部ではマグネットによる担持力が中央部よ
りも小さいことから、現像剤がスリーブ表面から容易に
飛散又は落下し、複写機内部を汚したり、トナー消費量
が増大するという問題があった。In other words, when the toner that has entered the contact area between the sleeve and the seal member is transported to the exposed area as the sleeve rotates,
Since the holding force of the magnet is smaller at these ends than at the center, there is a problem that the developer easily scatters or falls from the sleeve surface, staining the inside of the copying machine and increasing toner consumption. .
本発明はこのような技術的課題に鑑みて創作されたもの
で、現像剤の密閉性が良好な現像装置の提供を目的とし
ている。The present invention was created in view of such technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a developing device with good developer sealing properties.
課題を解決するための手段
上記技術的課題を解決するためになされた本発明の現像
装置は、現像剤をその表面に担持して回転する現像剤担
持体と、この現像剤担持体に現像剤を供給する現像剤供
給手段と、上記現像剤担持体の回転方向に対して上記現
像剤供給手段よりも下流側に位置し、上記現像剤担持体
に担持される現像剤量を規制する規制部材と、上記現像
剤担持体の両端外周部表面を摺擦するシール部材とを具
備してなる画像形成装置に適用される。Means for Solving the Problems The developing device of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, includes a developer carrier that rotates while carrying a developer on its surface, and a developer that is attached to the developer carrier. a regulating member located downstream of the developer supplying means with respect to the rotating direction of the developer carrier and regulating the amount of developer carried on the developer carrier. The present invention is applied to an image forming apparatus comprising: and a sealing member that rubs the outer circumferential surface of both ends of the developer carrier.
そして、上記現像剤担持体の両端外周部表面は平滑に形
成されている。The outer peripheral surfaces of both ends of the developer carrier are formed to be smooth.
さらに、上記両端外周部表面を除く上記現像剤担持体の
中央部表面には、その回転軸方向に複数の溝が設けられ
ている。Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are provided in the central surface of the developer carrier excluding the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends in the direction of the rotation axis thereof.
作 用
本発明の現像装置では、シール部材が摺擦する現像剤担
持体の両端外周部表面を平滑に形成しているので、この
平滑面とシール部材との間に現像剤が侵入して装置外部
に漏れ出すことが防止され、現像剤による喋内汚れ及び
トナーＳ度の不所望な低下が防止される。Function: In the developing device of the present invention, since the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the developer carrier on which the sealing member rubs are formed to be smooth, the developer enters between the smooth surface and the sealing member, causing damage to the device. This prevents leakage to the outside, and prevents staining of the developer by the developer and an undesirable decrease in the S degree of the toner.
実 施 例 以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第１図は、本発明を適用して構成される現像装置の第７
図に対応した断面図であり、同一符号は同一部材を表し
ている。この実施例では、スリー７３６の規制部材２４
に対向する中央部３６ａを除き、両端外周部３６ｂを平
坦面に形成し、この両端外周部３６ｂをシール部材３４
が摺擦するようにしている。シール部材３４は、フェル
ト及び発泡ウレタン等の現像剤に対する密閉性が良好な
ものから形成されており、このシール部材３４は、現像
装置のハウジング４に例えば接着等の手段により貼着さ
れている。FIG. 1 shows the seventh part of the developing device constructed by applying the present invention.
It is a sectional view corresponding to the figure, and the same reference numerals represent the same members. In this embodiment, the regulating member 24 of the three 736
Both end outer peripheral parts 36b are formed into flat surfaces except for the central part 36a facing the sealing member 34.
I try to rub it against the surface. The sealing member 34 is made of a material having good sealing properties against the developer, such as felt and foamed urethane, and is attached to the housing 4 of the developing device by, for example, adhesive.
第２図はスリーブ３６の装置から取外した状態での正面
図、第３図はその部分側面図である。この実施例では、
スリーブの中央部３６ａの最大外径をＤ１、スリーブの
両端外周部３６ｂの外径をＤ２、中央部３６ａに形成さ
れた溝の深さをれとしたときに、
Ｄ２≦Ｄ１−２ｈ
なる関係を満足するようにスリーブ３６の形状を設定し
ている。上記関係を満足するようにしているのは、スリ
ーブ３６が例えばＡノ押出しく引抜き）材から形成され
ている場合に、当初スリーブ全体に形成した溝をその両
端部で切削加工等により削り取ることで、容易に平滑部
を得るためである。スリーブ３６の両端を平滑とするこ
とで、シール部材３４との密着性が向上するから、当該
密着部に現像剤が侵入して装置外部に不所望に漏れ出す
ことが防止される。なお、第１図において、スリーブ３
６の溝が形成されている中央部３６ａの長さと規制部材
２４の長さとを一致させているのは、スリーブ３６上に
実際に形成される現像剤層の軸方向の長さを確実に規制
して、コピー領域以外の不要な位置への現像剤の付着を
防止するためである。FIG. 2 is a front view of the sleeve 36 removed from the device, and FIG. 3 is a partial side view thereof. In this example,
When the maximum outer diameter of the central portion 36a of the sleeve is D1, the outer diameter of the outer peripheral portions 36b at both ends of the sleeve is D2, and the depth of the groove formed in the central portion 36a is D2, the following relationship is established: D2≦D1-2h The shape of the sleeve 36 is set to satisfy. The reason why the above relationship is satisfied is that when the sleeve 36 is made of, for example, an extruded or drawn material, the grooves originally formed on the entire sleeve are removed by cutting or the like at both ends. , in order to easily obtain a smooth part. By making both ends of the sleeve 36 smooth, the close contact with the sealing member 34 is improved, so that the developer is prevented from entering the close contact portion and undesirably leaking out of the apparatus. In addition, in FIG. 1, the sleeve 3
The reason why the length of the central portion 36a where the groove No. 6 is formed is made to match the length of the regulating member 24 is to ensure that the length in the axial direction of the developer layer actually formed on the sleeve 36 is regulated. This is to prevent the developer from adhering to unnecessary positions other than the copy area.
上記スリーブ形状とした場合、スリーブの中央部３６ａ
と両端外周部３６ｂとの境界部には段差が生じるから、
この段差部において露出した溝の端部によりシール部材
３４が削られるおそれもある。このような場合には第４
図（ａ）に示すように、溝が形成された中央部３８ａの
端部に面取りを施したスリーブ３８を使用するようにす
れば良い。こうすれば、スリーブ３８の両端外周部３８
ｂを摺擦するシール部材３４が面取り部（段差部）３８
Ｇに当接していたとしても、シール部材３４による密閉
が不十分になることはない。なお、面取り部を形成する
ことなしに上記不都合を解消するためには、例えば第４
図（ｂ）に示すように、スリーブ３６の段差部３６ｃに
当接することのないシール部材３４′を用いるようにす
れば良い。In the case of the above sleeve shape, the central part 36a of the sleeve
Since there is a step at the boundary between the outer circumferential portion 36b and both ends,
There is also a possibility that the sealing member 34 may be scraped by the end of the groove exposed at this stepped portion. In such cases, the fourth
As shown in Figure (a), a sleeve 38 may be used in which the end portion of a central portion 38a in which a groove is formed is chamfered. By doing this, the outer peripheral portions 38 at both ends of the sleeve 38
The sealing member 34 that rubs b is the chamfered part (stepped part) 38
Even if it is in contact with G, the sealing by the seal member 34 will not become insufficient. In addition, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantage without forming a chamfer, for example, the fourth
As shown in Figure (b), a sealing member 34' that does not come into contact with the stepped portion 36c of the sleeve 36 may be used.
この場合、第４図（Ｃ）に示すように、スリーブの両端
外周部３６ｂの円周方向に窪み３７を形成しておくこと
で、更にシール性を向上させることができる。In this case, as shown in FIG. 4(C), by forming depressions 37 in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portions 36b at both ends of the sleeve, the sealing performance can be further improved.
第５図は、本発明の伯の実施例を示すスリーブの側面図
であり、このスリーブ４０を第３図に示されるスリーブ
３６と比較して説明する。４０ａはスリーブ４０の溝が
形成された中央部であり、４０ｂは平滑にされたスリー
ブ４０の両端外周部である。この実施例では、中央部４
０ａの最大外径と両端外周部４０ｂの外径とを一致させ
ている。FIG. 5 is a side view of a sleeve showing an embodiment of the present invention, and this sleeve 40 will be explained in comparison with the sleeve 36 shown in FIG. 3. 40a is the grooved central portion of the sleeve 40, and 40b is the smoothed outer peripheral portion of both ends of the sleeve 40. In this embodiment, the central portion 4
The maximum outer diameter of 0a is made to match the outer diameter of the outer peripheral portions 40b at both ends.
即ち、当初全体を平滑に形成されたスリーブの中央部に
切削加工等により溝を形成したものである。That is, a groove is formed by cutting or the like in the center of the sleeve, which was initially formed completely smooth.
このような形状によっても、両端外周部４０ｂとシール
部材との密着性を向上させることができるので、現像剤
の漏れを防止することができる。With such a shape as well, it is possible to improve the adhesion between the outer circumferential portions 40b at both ends and the sealing member, so that leakage of developer can be prevented.
発明の効果
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、シール部材が摺
擦する現像剤担持体の両端外周部を平滑に形成している
ので、シール部材と現像剤担持体との密着性が良好とな
り、その結果、現像剤が現像装置外部に漏れ出すことが
防止され、画像形成装置内の現像剤による汚れ及び現像
装置のトナー濃度の不所望な低下が防止されるという効
果を奏する。Effects of the Invention As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the outer periphery of both ends of the developer carrier on which the sealing member rubs is formed to be smooth, thereby improving the adhesion between the sealing member and the developer carrier. As a result, leakage of the developer to the outside of the developing device is prevented, and there is an effect that staining caused by the developer in the image forming device and an undesirable decrease in the toner concentration of the developing device are prevented.
第１図乃至第５図は本発明の実施例を示す図、第６図乃
至第８図は従来技術を示す図である。
３４・・・シール部材、
３６．３８．４０・・・スリーブ。
出願人： 富士ゼロックス株式会社1 to 5 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are diagrams showing a prior art. 34... Seal member, 36.38.40... Sleeve. Applicant: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
Claims (4)
体と、この現像剤担持体に現像剤を供給する現像剤供給
手段と、上記現像剤担持体の回転方向に対して上記現像
剤供給手段よりも下流側に位置し、上記現像剤担持体に
担持される現像剤量を規制する規制部材と、上記現像剤
担持体の両端外周部表面を摺擦するシール部材とを具備
してなる画像形成装置の現像装置において、 上記現像剤担持体の両端外周部表面を平滑に形成し、 上記両端外周部表面を除く上記現像剤担持体の中央部表
面に、その回転軸方向に複数の溝を設けたことを特徴と
する画像形成装置の現像装置。(1) A developer carrying member that rotates while supporting a developer on its surface, a developer supplying means for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, and a developer supplying means for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member; The control member includes a regulating member located downstream of the developer supplying means and regulating the amount of developer carried on the developer carrier, and a sealing member that rubs the outer circumferential surface of both ends of the developer carrier. In a developing device of an image forming apparatus, the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the developer carrier are formed smooth, and a plurality of rollers are formed on the central surface of the developer carrier excluding the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends in the direction of its rotation axis. 1. A developing device for an image forming apparatus, characterized in that a groove is provided.
上記現像剤担持体の両端外周部の外径をＤ＿２、上記溝
の深さをれとしたときに、 Ｄ＿２≦Ｄ＿１−２ｈ なる関係を満足するように上記現像剤担持体を形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の画像形成装置の現像装
置。(2) The maximum outer diameter of the central part of the developer carrier is D_1,
The developer carrier is formed so as to satisfy the following relationship: D_2≦D_1-2h, where the outer diameter of the outer periphery of both ends of the developer carrier is D_2, and the depth of the groove is D_2. A developing device for an image forming apparatus according to claim 1.
るように設けたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の
画像形成装置の現像装置。(3) The developing device for an image forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the regulating member is provided such that both ends thereof face both ends of the groove.
したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３記載の画像形成装
置の現像装置。(4) A developing device for an image forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a recess is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the both ends.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63060623A JPH01234871A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Developing device for image forming device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63060623A JPH01234871A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Developing device for image forming device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01234871A true JPH01234871A (en) | 1989-09-20 |
Family
ID=13147605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63060623A Pending JPH01234871A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Developing device for image forming device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01234871A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007121949A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and method for manufacturing toner particle carrying roller |
| JP2007121947A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and method of manufacturing toner particle carrying roller |
| JP2007121951A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, image forming apparatus, and image forming system |
| JP2007121948A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus and system, and method for manufacturing toner particle supply roller |
| US7697864B2 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2010-04-13 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developing device |
| JP2011059722A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-03-24 | Seiko Epson Corp | Toner particle carrying roller, developing device, image forming apparatus, and image forming system |
| US8032055B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2011-10-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developing device, process cartridge including developing device, and image forming apparatus including process cartridge |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS627068A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Developing device |
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- 1988-03-16 JP JP63060623A patent/JPH01234871A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS627068A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Developing device |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007121949A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and method for manufacturing toner particle carrying roller |
| JP2007121947A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and method of manufacturing toner particle carrying roller |
| JP2007121951A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, image forming apparatus, and image forming system |
| JP2007121948A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus and system, and method for manufacturing toner particle supply roller |
| JP4692226B2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-06-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Developing device, image forming apparatus, and image forming system |
| JP4692223B2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-06-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and toner particle carrying roller manufacturing method |
| JP4692225B2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-06-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and toner particle carrying roller manufacturing method |
| JP4692224B2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-06-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Developing device, toner particle carrying roller, image forming apparatus, image forming system, and toner particle supply roller manufacturing method |
| US7697864B2 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2010-04-13 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developing device |
| US8032055B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2011-10-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developing device, process cartridge including developing device, and image forming apparatus including process cartridge |
| JP2011059722A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-03-24 | Seiko Epson Corp | Toner particle carrying roller, developing device, image forming apparatus, and image forming system |
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