JPH01230696A - Traction drive fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure low viscosity and excellent traction performance over a wide temp. range by blending a hydrogenated polymer of (dihydro) dicyclopentadiene having a weight-average MW not lower than a predetermined value with another traction oil. CONSTITUTION:A hydrogenated polymer of dicyclopentadiene and/or dihydrodicyclopentadiene having a weight-average MW of at least 250 is blended with another traction oil in such proportions that the content of the hydrogenated polymer is 2-95wt.%. The obtd. traction drive fluid exhibits a high traction coefficient over a wide temp. range from room temp. to high temp., thereby ensuring improved transmission efficiency. As a result, it is possible to attain miniaturization, development of a light-weight apparatus, the life prolongation and output increase of the traction drive apparatus, and hence the fluid can widely be utilized in various mechanical products, such as non-variable transmission and hydraulic device for use in an automobile and industry.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a traction drive fluid, and more particularly to a traction drive fluid that has low viscosity and exhibits excellent traction performance over a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures. .

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] In general, traction drive fluids are used in traction drive devices (friction drive devices using rolling contact), such as continuously variable transmissions for automobiles, continuously variable transmissions for industrial use, hydraulic equipment, etc. It is a fluid used in many industries, and is required to have a high traction coefficient, stability against heat and oxidation, and economic efficiency.

By the way, it is said that the size of a traction drive device is inversely proportional to the 0.45th power of the traction coefficient of the traction drive fluid used, and the higher the minimum traction coefficient in the operating temperature range is used, the larger the size is. It is said that the traction drive device can be made smaller.

In recent years, research has been focused on reducing the size and weight of traction drive devices, mainly for automotive applications, and as a result, the traction drive fluid used in these traction drive devices has also been developed to withstand use under a variety of harsh conditions. Performance, especially stable high performance over a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures (approximately -30 to 140°C) (high traction coefficient, low viscosity, excellent thermal and oxidation stability, etc.) They are required to be able to demonstrate their abilities.

However, although various traction drive fluids have been developed so far, including Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-338 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-339, none of them can satisfy the above-mentioned required characteristics. There were various problems. For example, a compound that exhibits a high traction coefficient at high temperatures has a high viscosity and a large stirring loss, resulting in low transmission efficiency and also has problems in low-temperature startability. On the other hand, compounds with low viscosity and excellent transmission efficiency have a low traction coefficient at high temperatures, and their viscosity decreases too much at high temperatures, causing problems with the lubrication of traction transmission devices.

[Means to solve the problem]

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional technology and to develop a traction drive fluid that has low viscosity and excellent performance over a wide temperature range from low to high temperatures.

As a result, by polymerizing and further hydrogenating synchropentadiene or dihydrosyncropentadiene to create a hydrogenated polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 250 or more, it is possible to achieve the desired traction performance by blending it with other traction oils. It has been found that a traction drive fluid having the following properties can be obtained. The present invention was completed based on this knowledge.

That is, the present invention provides a traction drive fluid characterized by containing a hydrogenated polymer of synclopentadiene and/or dihydrosyncropentadiene and having a weight average molecular weight of 250 or more.

The hydrogenated polymer in the present invention includes synchropentadiene (DCPD), dihydrosyncropentadiene (D
It is obtained by polymerizing one or both of these (HDCPD) as raw materials and then hydrogenating them.

Here, the above-mentioned DCPD and DHDCPD are used as polymerization raw materials.
In addition, small amounts of other aliphatic olefins and aliphatic dienes may be used and copolymerized with these, but it is preferable to exclude components other than the above-mentioned DCPD and DHDCPD as much as possible.

In the polymerization of DCPD and/or DHDCPD, thermal polymerization may be performed at a temperature of 200° C. or higher without a catalyst, or polymerization may be performed in the presence of a catalyst. Moreover, these polymerizations can also be carried out using a solvent if necessary.

Although various catalysts can be used for the polymerization of DCPD and DHDCPD, acidic catalysts are generally used. Specifically, activated white clay.

White earths such as acid clay, mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, organic acids such as P-)luenesulfonic acid and triflic acid, aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, tin chloride,
Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride, boron tribromide, aluminum bromide, gallium chloride, and gallium bromide, as well as various solid acids such as zeolite, silica, alumina, silica/alumina, cation exchange resins, and heteropolyacids. can be used, but it may be selected appropriately in consideration of ease of handling, economical efficiency, etc. There is no particular restriction on the amount used, but it is usually 0.1 to 0.1 to the DCPD and DHDCPD.
100% by weight, preferably in the range 1-20% by weight.

In the above polymerization, a solvent is not necessarily required, but it is preferably used for handling the polymerization raw materials and catalyst during the reaction or for controlling the progress of the reaction. Such solvents include n-pentane, n-hexane, heptane, octane, nonane.

Most saturated hydrocarbons can be used, such as decane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, and even benzene.

Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, tetralin, etc. can also be used.

Conditions for such a polymerization reaction can be selected as appropriate depending on various circumstances and cannot be unambiguously determined, but they are usually in the temperature range of -30 to 300°C and are set as appropriate depending on the type of catalyst, additives, etc. conditions are set. For example, when the catalyst is white earth or zeolite, the reaction temperature ranges from room temperature to 300°C.
C1 is preferably carried out at 60°C or higher; in the case of other catalysts, it is carried out at -30 to 100°C2, preferably 0 to 60°C.

Next, the DCPD and DHDCPD obtained in this way
Hydrogenation is performed on polymers (including copolymers) of
The desired polymer hydrogenated product is obtained.

Hydrogenation may be performed on the entire amount of the above polymer, or may be performed by fractionating or fractionating a portion thereof.

This hydrogenation is generally carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as nickel or ruthenium.

Palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, copper.

What is known as a hydrogenation catalyst containing one or more metals such as chromium, molybdenum, cobalt tungsten, etc. can be used. The amount of this catalyst added is 0.1 to 100% by weight, preferably 1% by weight based on the above polymer.
-10% by weight.

Further, like the polymerization reaction described above, this hydrogenation proceeds even in the absence of a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. In that case, the type of solvent is n-pentane.

n-hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane,
Most liquid saturated hydrocarbons such as dodecane, cyclobencune, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane can be used. Further, liquids such as aromatics, olefins, alcohols, ketones, ethers, etc. can be used, but saturated hydrocarbons are particularly preferred.

The reaction temperature is usually room temperature to 300°C, preferably 40°C.
~200°C, and the reaction pressure ranges from normal pressure to 200k
g/cfflG, preferably from normal pressure to Lookg/cn
It can be carried out in the range of 1G, and can be carried out in the same manner as -a hydrogenation.

DCPD and/or DH thus generated
The polymer hydrogenated product of DCPD has a weight average molecular weight of 25
Must be 0 or more, preferably 250-4
000, particularly preferably from 250 to 1300. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 250, high traction performance cannot be exhibited.

The viscosity of the above hydrogenated polymer varies depending on its degree of polymerization, but since it generally has a high viscosity, it is better to blend it with other traction oils to improve its traction coefficient than to use it as it is. preferable. In this case, the blending amount of the polymer hydrogenation product is not particularly limited and may be selected appropriately depending on the type of the polymer hydrogenation product and the type of other traction oil to be blended. 2 to 95% by weight of the total fluid for use, preferably 5 to 8%
It is set at 5% by weight, particularly preferably in the range of 5 to 60% by weight.

In addition, other traction oils to be blended with the above-mentioned hydrogenated polymer include not only those conventionally used as oils for traction drives, but also various oils that have poor traction performance and are not put to practical use when used alone. I can give it to you. For example, a wide range of liquid substances can be used, such as mineral oils such as paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, and intermediate mineral oils, alkylbenzenes, polybutenes, polyα-olefins, synthetic naphthenes, esters, and ethers.

Among them, alkylbenzenes, polybutenes, and synthetic naphthenes are preferred. Here, the synthetic naphthenes include alkane derivatives having two or more cyclohexane rings, alkane derivatives having one or more decalin rings and one or more cyclohexane rings, alkane derivatives having two or more decalin rings, cyclohexane rings or decalin rings. There are compounds that have a structure in which two or more are directly bonded. Specific examples of such synthetic naphthenes include ■-cyclohexyl-1-decarylethane; 1,3-dicyclohexyl-3-methylbutane; 2,4-'-;cyclohexylpentane; 1,2-bis (Methylcyclohexyl)-2-methylpropane; 1,1-bis(methylcyclohexyl)-2-methylpropane; 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-methylpentane; limonene dimer hydrogenation; vinylene dimer hydrogenation Examples include camphene dimer hydrogenated products.

The traction drive fluid of the present invention contains a polymer hydrogenated product of DCPD and/or DHDCPD as an essential component, and is prepared by further blending other liquids (traction oil), but other liquids may be added as necessary. Antioxidant,
Rust preventive agent, cleaning dispersant.

Appropriate amounts of various additives such as pour point depressants, viscosity index improvers, extreme pressure agents, anti-wear additives, anti-fatigue agents, antifoaming agents, oiliness improvers 1 and colorants can also be used.

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

Comparative Example 1 552 g of toluene, 27.6 g of anhydrous aluminum chloride, and 12.6 g of nitromethane were placed in a 22-meter four-bottle flask, and 18 g of methallyl chloride was added while stirring at 0°C.
1.2 g was added dropwise over 2 hours, and stirring was continued for another 1 hour to complete the reaction. After adding 75 d of water to decompose the aluminum chloride and separating the oil layer, the oil layer was washed once with 200 d of water and twice with 300 d of 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Ta.

Next, unreacted raw materials are distilled off using a rotary evaporator, and then distilled under reduced pressure to achieve a boiling point of 114-116°C10.
, 254 g of a fraction of 14 cylinders of Hg were obtained.

As a result of analysis, this fraction contained 80% 2-methyl-1,2-ditolylpropane and 2-methyl-1,2-ditolylpropane, an isomerization product.
1-ditolylpropane was found to be 20%.

Next, 250 g of this fraction was placed in an IP autoclave and treated with a nickel catalyst (Nikki Chemical Co., Ltd.: NN-113).
0, hydrogen pressure 70kg/cm"G, temperature 180°
Hydrogenation was carried out at C for 5 hours. When the catalyst was removed from the resulting reaction product and analyzed, the hydrogenation rate was 99.
9% or more, 2-methy/l/-1,2-di(methylcyclohexyl)propane is 80%, 2-methyl-1,
1-di(methylcyclohexyl)propane was found to be 20%.

The properties of this product were as follows.

Kinematic viscosity 13.17cSt (40°C) 2.62
2cSt (100°C) Viscosity index -30 Specific gravity (15/4°C) 0.8824 Pour point
-47,5°C Refractive index (n++) 1.4800 The traction coefficient of this product was also measured in the temperature range from 60'C to 140°C. The results are shown in FIG.

Example 1 A commercially available hydrogenated petroleum resin (weight average molecular weight 54 o, manufactured by Exxon Chemical Company, trade name:
A fluid was obtained by mixing 10% by weight of ESCOREZ 5300').

The properties of this fluid were as follows.

Kinematic viscosity 23.15cSt (40'C) 3.68
6cSt (100°C) Viscosity index -24 Specific gravity (15/4°C) 0.8991 Pour point
-37,5°C Refractive index (no) 1.4861 Also, the traction coefficient of this fluid is 6o''C and 14
Measurements were made in a temperature range of 0°C. The results are shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 2 Ethylbenzene 2700 in a glass flask with an internal volume of 51
g, metallic sodium 58 g and potassium hydroxide 16
After heating to 120°C and stirring, a mixture of 1100 g of α-methylstyrene and 300 g of ethylbenzene was gradually added dropwise over 5 hours, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to effect a reaction.

After the reaction is completed, the oil layer is separated and collected by cooling, 200 g of methyl alcohol is added thereto, and 2! of 5N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is added. Washing was performed three times each with 2 i of saturated saline and 2 i of saturated saline. Next, after drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, unreacted ethylbenzene was distilled off using a rotary evaporator, and then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a boiling point range of 106 to 10 at 0.06 mmHH.
1350 g of a fraction at 8°C was obtained. .

Next, this fraction 500 was placed in an autoclave with an internal volume of 11, and a nickel hydrogenation catalyst (manufactured by Nichiren Chemical Co., Ltd.: NN-
113) 20 was added and hydrogenated at a reaction temperature of 200"C and a hydrogen pressure of 50 kg/c++IG. After the reaction was completed, the catalyst was removed, the light bones were stripped, and as a result of analysis, the hydrogenation rate was It was confirmed that the hydrogenation product was 2,4-dicyclohexylpentane.

The properties of this product were as follows.

Kinematic viscosity 12.05 cSt (40°C) 2,75
0 cSt (100°C) Viscosity index 47 Specific gravity 0.8913 Refractive index (nI, ) 1.4832 Pour point -50°C or below Furthermore, the traction coefficient of this product was measured in the temperature range from 60°C to 140°C. The results are shown in Figure 2.

Example 2 The fluid obtained in Comparative Example 2 was mixed with 10% by weight of the hydrogenated petroleum resin used in Example 1 to obtain a fluid.

The properties of the obtained fluid were as follows.

Kinematic viscosity 19.89cSt (40'C)3, 736c
St (100°C) Viscosity index 52 Specific gravity 0.9074 Refractive index (no) 1.4899 Pour point -47,5°C Furthermore, the traction coefficient of this fluid was measured in the temperature range from 60'C to 140'C, The results are shown in FIG.

Example 3 DCPD500 was placed in a 11 stainless steel autoclave.
g and 8 g of developed Raney cobalt catalyst were added, and hydrogenation was carried out at a hydrogen pressure of 10 kg/cfflG and 100"C for 1 hour. After cooling, the catalyst was filtered and analyzed. Approximately 500 g of 6% pentadiene -1 was obtained.

Next, a Dimroth reflux condenser and a thermometer were attached to an IC three-bottle flask, and 500 g of the liquid containing DHDCPD as the main component and 100 g of dried activated clay were added.
The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 10 hours.

After filtering activated clay from the reaction mixture, unreacted DHD was removed.
The CPD distilled product was placed in a stainless steel autoclave No. 11, and a nickel/diatomaceous earth catalyst (N-113
, manufactured by JGC Chemical ■) at a hydrogen pressure of 10 kg/dc and 150°C.
hydrogenated product of DHDCPD dimer or higher polymer (
Approximately 200 g of a polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 320 was obtained.

This hydrogenated polymer was mixed with the fluid obtained in Comparative Example 1 in an amount of 10% by weight.

The properties of this product were as follows.

Kinematic viscosity 18.10 cst (40°C) 3, l
53 cSt (100'C) Viscosity index -35 Specific gravity 0.8994 Refractive index (no) 1.4862 Pour point -37,5°C Furthermore, the traction coefficient of this product was determined in the temperature range from 60°C to 140°C. The results are shown in FIG.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the traction drive fluid of the present invention containing hydrogenated polymers of DCPD and DHDCPD has a high traction coefficient over a wide temperature range from room temperature to high temperature, and improves transmission efficiency. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the traction drive device, extend its lifespan, and increase its output, and it can be widely used in various mechanical products such as continuously variable transmissions for automobiles and industrial use, and even hydraulic equipment. .

In addition, the above hydrogenated polymer can increase the traction coefficient simply by blending a small amount with other fluids.
It is possible to provide a variety of superior traction drive fluids.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are graphs showing temperature changes in traction coefficients of traction drive fluids obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. Figure 1 0.06i Oil temperature (°C) Figure 2 Oil temperature (°C) Procedural amendment (voluntary) March 1, 1989

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A traction drive fluid comprising a hydrogenated polymer of synchropentadiene and/or dihydrodicyclopentadiene with a weight average molecular weight of 250 or more. (2) A traction drive fluid containing 2 to 95% by weight of the hydrogenated polymer according to claim 1.