JPH0122881Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a turbine nozzle that injects working fluid onto turbine blades.

Generally, in an axial flow turbine, a radial turbine, etc., a turbine nozzle is provided in which a plurality of nozzle blades are attached at appropriate intervals in a flow path of a working fluid, and the working fluid flows through the turbine nozzle. The jet is injected into the turbine blades through a nozzle.

By the way, when adjusting the output of the turbine, generally the cross-sectional area of the nozzle throat formed between mutually adjacent nozzle blades is changed,
This is done by adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid ejected from the nozzle. The specific method for carrying out the above method is to select a turbine nozzle that has a cross-sectional area of the nozzle throat that corresponds to the desired output and replace it each time, or to change the nozzle blade of the turbine nozzle at the mounting angle. The cross-sectional area of the throat of the nozzle is adjusted by changing the angle of the nozzle blade.

However, in the former method, since it takes a considerable amount of time to replace the turbine nozzle, the work efficiency decreases, and it is necessary to prepare multiple turbine nozzles with different cross-sectional areas of the throat part of the nozzle, which is inconvenient. It has disadvantages such as being economical. On the other hand, in the latter method, the turbine nozzle has a complicated structure, which not only requires a large amount of cost to manufacture, but also has the disadvantage that the direction of injection of the working fluid changes depending on the change in the angle of the nozzle blade. It had the following characteristics.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a turbine nozzle that can adjust the flow rate of working fluid jetted to turbine blades with an inexpensive and simple configuration. Its feature is that a flow rate regulating valve is rotatably mounted between adjacent nozzle blades.

This invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of this invention in an axial flow turbine. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a turbine inlet casing into which working fluid flows, and reference numeral 2 indicates a turbine outlet casing from which working fluid injected onto the turbine blades is discharged. A shaft 3 is inserted through the center of these casings 1 and 2, and a circular flow path 1a is formed on the outer periphery of the shaft 3 at a distance from the shaft 3. A turbine disk 4 is attached to the shaft 3, and a plurality of turbine blades 5 are attached to the turbine disk 4.
protrude in the radial direction and are provided at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Working fluid sent from a combustor, such as exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, passes through an annular flow path 1a of the turbine inlet casing 1, and is passed between a concentric inner nozzle ring 6 and an outer nozzle ring 7. The water is injected into the turbine blade 5 from the nozzle ports of the nozzle blades 8 which are installed at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction and facing generally toward the center, and after giving rotation to the turbine shaft 3, from the turbine outlet casing 2. be discharged. Here, the turbine nozzle includes an inner nozzle ring 6, an outer nozzle ring 7, and a nozzle blade 8.
It refers to something that is integrated into one.

FIG. 2a is a drawing of the nozzle portion of an axial flow turbine viewed from the outside toward the inside, and the circle indicated by A is the throat portion. If we take this - cross section, the second
As shown in Figure b, the fan-shaped area surrounded by diagonal lines is the cross-sectional area of the throat. In Figure 2a, the innermost part (second
Flow rate regulating valves 9 are installed at all or several locations (upper part in Figure a). In the case of an axial flow turbine, the flow rate regulating valve 9 has a shape as shown in FIGS.
It is screwed to the threaded portion b by a nut 10. Therefore, by loosening this nut, the direction of the valve can be rotated through 180 degrees to adjust the flow rate of the working fluid.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be explained.

First, as described above, in this device, the working fluid sent from the annular passage 1a of the turbine inlet casing 1 is ejected from the jet port of the nozzle blade 8 to the turbine blade 5 to rotate the rotor shaft 3.
When adjusting the output due to the rotation of the rotor shaft 3, the flow rate adjustment valve 9 is rotated by loosening the nut 10 to close the gap between the adjacent nozzle blades 8, or the valve body is rotated. The surface of the nozzle blade 8 is adjusted to an appropriate angle with respect to the surface of the nozzle blade 8 to adjust the flow rate of the working fluid jetted from the nozzle of the nozzle blade 8 to the turbine blade 5.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the flow rate regulating valve of this invention installed in a radial turbine. Reference numeral 11 denotes a turbine casing, and the working fluid flowing in from the outer peripheral direction 11a of the turbine casing is injected from the nozzle blade 8 into the turbine wheel 13 and the rotor. The shaft 3 is rotated and discharged from the discharge port 11b of the turbine casing 11. The flow rate regulating valve 9 is attached to the disc portion of the nozzle ring 12 at all or several locations between adjacent nozzle blades 8 by a nut 10, as in the case of an axial flow turbine, and can be freely adjusted by loosening the nut 10. It can be rotated.
In addition, in FIG. 5, the turbine casing 11,
The rotor shaft 3, nozzle blade 8, and flow rate regulating valve 9 other than the nozzle ring 12 and the turbine wheel 13 are given the same reference numerals as in FIG.

The radial turbine configured as above is
Working fluid inlet passage 11 of turbine casing 11
The working fluid sent from a is transferred to the nozzle blade 8
from the nozzle of the shaft 3 to the turbine wheel 13.
When adjusting the output due to the rotation of the shaft 3, the flow rate adjustment valve 9 is rotated by loosening the nut 10, similar to the above-mentioned axial flow turbine, and the adjacent nozzle blades are rotated. 8
The flow rate of the working fluid ejected from the nozzle blade 8 to the turbine wheel 13 is adjusted by closing the space between the nozzle blades 8 and 13, or by adjusting the surface of the valve body 9a to an appropriate angle with respect to the surface of the nozzle blade 8.

As explained below, the turbine nozzle of the present invention has a plurality of nozzle blades provided in the flow path of the working fluid injected to the turbine blades, spaced appropriately from each other, and integrally fixed to the nozzle ring. In the turbine nozzle, a flow rate regulating valve is rotatably provided in the interior of the nozzle between adjacent nozzle blades, and is screwed to the nozzle ring using a threaded portion and a nut. Therefore, by adjusting the angle of the flow rate regulating valve, only the flow rate of the working fluid injected from the nozzle can be freely changed without changing the injection direction of the working fluid. Therefore, there is no need to prepare many types of turbine nozzles as in the past, which is economical. Further, unlike a nozzle blade, the flow rate regulating valve has a very simple structure and is easy to manufacture, so it is economical in this respect as well, and has the advantage of being easy to adjust.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 all show one embodiment of this invention, and Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the flow rate regulating valve of this invention is attached to an axial flow turbine, and Figure 2 a. is a -arrow view in Fig. 1,
Fig. 2b is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2a, Fig. 3 is a front view of the flow regulating valve, Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the flow regulating valve is attached to a radial turbine. It is a diagram. 1a... Working fluid annular passage (flow path), 5... Turbine blade, 6... Inner nozzle ring (turbine nozzle), 7... Outer nozzle ring (turbine nozzle), 8... Nozzle blade (turbine nozzle), 9...Flow rate adjustment valve, 11a...Working fluid inlet (flow path).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a turbine nozzle in which a plurality of nozzle blades are provided at appropriate intervals and integrally fixed to a nozzle ring in the flow path of working fluid injected to the turbine blades, the gap between adjacent nozzle blades is A turbine nozzle characterized in that a flow rate regulating valve is rotatably provided in the interior of the nozzle remote from the nozzle by being screwed to the nozzle ring using a threaded portion and a nut.