JPH01226785A - Calcium silicate fertilizer composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To develop a calcium silicate fertilizer compsn. having superior characteristics by adding specified proportion of a siliceous raw material to blast furnace granulated slag, electric furnace granulated slag, or converter slag, or a mixture of at least one thereof forming a slurry from said mixture with water, subjecting the slurry to hydrothermal crystallization treatment, then crushing or granulating the product. CONSTITUTION:Powder of siliceous raw material such as siliceous sand, etc., is added to powder of blast furnace granulated slag, electric furnace granulated slag, or converter slag, or a mixture of at least one thereof in 0.6-1.2 Ca/Si ratio, and 1-10 times by weight of water is added to the mixed powder to obtain a slurry by kneading. After subjecting the slurry to hydrothermal crystalli zation for 4-10hr under 6-15kg/cm<2> steam atmosphere, the slurry is crushed or granulated to granules having <=2mm grain size. Thus, calcium silicate ferti lizer compsn. giving superior water retentivity, water permeability, air permeabil ity, nutritiousness, self-cleaning capacity, and biological activity to soil, is obtd.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a calcium silicate fertilizer composition that is porous and has good ion adsorption properties. In particular, the present invention relates to a calcium silicate fertilizer composition which is made of granular calcium silicate hydrate and is capable of adsorbing various ions therein.

[Conventional technology] Modern agriculture used a lot of chemical fertilizers to increase yields, but the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers have accumulated in the fields, causing them to become exhausted and yielding fewer crops, resulting in loss of important smells, aromas, and deliciousness. The current situation is that these are disappearing. In order to improve such soil exhaustion in fields, various soil improving materials such as zeolite, perlite, vermculite, and artificial lightweight materials have been used.

Such soil improvement materials only adjust the soil's pH, air permeability, etc., but cannot impart the soil's own activity, especially the biological activity that compost has, and the self-cleaning effect of the soil does not occur. It was something that didn't come easily. In particular, heavy metals have been researched nationally for the past 30 years, but there is still no definitive solution, and the current countermeasure is simply to press down on the defective parts and introduce new Sanno.

Under these current circumstances, the first priority is to prepare the soil to the optimal conditions for plant growth, but in the past, dedicated farmers would diligently make compost and return it to the soil after harvesting. The use of compost has fallen into disuse recently because it is not as fast-acting as chemical fertilizers and requires time and effort. - On the other hand, if production was carried out using only chemical fertilizers, the soil would be degraded due to the drawbacks of chemical fertilizers, and as a result, plant growth would not proceed smoothly, and crops would be attacked by diseases and pests, putting even harvests at risk.

On the other hand, conventionally, blast furnace water slag was dried and pulverized using a crusher, and the surface area of approximately 3,000 to 4,000 cm"/g was used as fertilizer as Keikaru. Blast furnace water slag itself was molten at high temperatures. Scum is rapidly cooled with water, and it is made up of more than 90% glass, and contains more than 50% calcium, so it is alkaline and requires a large amount of water even when sprayed on acidic soil. It is difficult to decompose in the absence of carbon dioxide, and it generally solidifies through hydration, similar to Portland cement, and requires weathering or the action of acids to decompose.

Furthermore, blast furnace water slag contains 12% or more of alumina, and since alumina is an amphoteric substance, its decomposition rate by slight acids is low. Or even if it is finely pulverized, only the surface reacts and a dense hydrate layer is formed on the surface, so that the inside remains as glassy as before.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As a result of intensive research to solve the conventional problems as described above, the present invention has been developed to solve the problems of calcium silicate hydrate, which is capable of eliminating ions and other substances present in soil. It was discovered that it adsorbs soil and at the same time multiplies microorganisms in the soil, creating conditions for the activation of natural organisms, and also functions as a fertilizer.

Therefore, the present invention activates soil and improves it into soil that can be used for cultivation. That is, the fertilizer composition according to the present invention is rich in nutrients and can efficiently improve soil. Use the pulverized calcium silicate hydrate as it is and mix it with fused phosphorus fertilizer or/and heavy calcined phosphorus fertilizer as fertilizer, and at the same time use calcium silicate hydrate that can adsorb ions and other things. By doing so, the present invention aims to provide a calcium silicate fertilizer composition that solves the problem of heavy metal ions that have a serious effect on pollution, which has been a problem in the past.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer composition that comprehensively improves soil water retention, water permeability, air permeability, nutritional properties, self-cleaning properties, etc., and has biological activity. Also,
An object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer composition that can improve the above-mentioned properties of soil and at the same time supply fertilizer.

(Structure of the Invention) [Means for Solving the Problems] The gist of the present invention is to provide a mixture of one or more of blast furnace slag, electric furnace slag, or converter and fine powder of silicic raw material. The ratio is Calcillano, the ratio of /1 is 0.6
For the mixture in the range of 1.0 to 1.0, add water to 1 to 1.0
A slurry-like material created by adding and mixing at a ratio of 10 times is mixed with steam at a pressure of 6 to 15 kg/c+s for 4 to 10 times
This is a calcium silicate fertilizer composition obtained by pulverizing or granulating a product subjected to hydrothermal synthesis treatment for a period of time to a size of 2 tmΦ or less. Moreover, it is a calcium silicate fertilizer composition characterized by being formed by mixing pulverized calcium silicate hydrate and fertilizer for fused phosphorus and/or heavy calcined phosphorus fertilizer. Further, it is preferable to use the particles of the pulverized or granulated granules of the hydrothermally synthesized calcium silicate hydrate having a particle size within the range of 0.1 to 2.0 degrees.

In the past, in Japanese agriculture, people made their own compost and sprayed it on fields for use in planting and harvesting crops, but the fertilizer composition of the present invention acts and can be used in the same way as this compost. , it is possible to rationally improve the soil and increase the yield of agricultural crops.

The particle-sized calcium silicate fertilizer composition of the present invention thus has the effect of activating microorganisms in soil, similar to the effect of compost.

In the present invention, "calcium silicate hydrate" refers to a slurry made by mixing a calcareous raw material (Cab) and a silicate raw material (Sign), and as it is, it has a weight of 6 to 15 kg/c.
A hardened porous calcium silicate hydrate with a bulk specific gravity in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 is synthesized by autoclaving under steam conditions under a pressure of 1.5 m''.Blast furnace water slag and glass Calcium/
It is blended so that the ratio of silicon is within the range of 0.6 to 1.2, and while decomposing the glassy substance under hydrothermal conditions, a new mixed crystal phase is formed. That is, depending on the blending ratio of calcareous raw materials and silicate raw materials, the temperature and pressure conditions of the autoclave, the synthesized mixed crystals can be mixed into calcium silicate hydrate I (C3HI), calcillium I, silicate hydrate I (C3HI) [CH3-based gel water]. hydrates and mixtures thereof], zonolite-based hydrates, or tobermorite-based hydrates.

Phosphate, serpentine, or peridotite is mixed with one or more mixtures of blast furnace water slag, electric furnace water slag, or converter as raw materials, and melted at 1350 to 1500°C in an electric furnace or open hearth, and then granulated. Alternatively, the crushed product can be used in place of the raw material blast furnace water slag. Add 1 slaked lime or quicklime to accelerate the reaction.
It is also possible to add a portion.

Such a fertilizer composition of the present invention can be applied to fields, mixed with soil, and used as a fertilizer composition.

The fertilizer composition synthesized according to the present invention is a hydrothermally synthesized fertilizer composition whose main components are calcareous and silicic acid, and is considered to be a calcium silicate hydrate having a large specific surface area. The synthesized mineral is a zonolite hydrate or a tobermorite hydrate and a mixture thereof. The hardened body composed of such minerals is coarsely crushed using a known crusher, such as a Joe crusher or a hammer mill, and then crushed to a particle size of 0.1 to 2.
It can be pulverized down to mm by a vibrating mill or the like.

Alternatively, if the hydrothermally treated composite is in powder form, it must be granulated into granules with a particle size of up to 2 mm.

Furthermore, explaining the production of the calcium silicate fertilizer composition according to the present invention, the raw material blast furnace water slag is 90% glassy.
or more, or preferably 95% or more. In general, blast furnace water slag is subject to sufficient quality control, so the amounts of CaO to SiOl and Al*Os do not change much compared to natural raw stone.

Then, the moisture content of the blast furnace water slag is determined and used as it is. Alternatively, it is also possible to use those ground into fine powder. The silicic acid raw material may be a by-product silicic acid, but
Silica sand, fine powder of silica stone, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, etc. with a low alumina content can be suitably used. Those containing 80% or more of silicic acid are preferred. In addition, fine powders such as dolomite and manganese slag may be added up to about 5% each.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention thus obtained has calcium silicate hydrate as its main component, which can adsorb heavy metal ions and inactivate heavy metal ions in the soil. Effective microorganisms infiltrate the pores of this hydrate, increase biological activity, and quickly decompose organic matter contained in the soil and turn it into fertilizer.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention has a particle size of 0.11 or less,
Microorganisms cannot be impregnated into the voids, the amount of impregnation is reduced, the adsorption efficiency of heavy metal ions is poor, and when used as a fertilizer composition, air permeability is reduced. It becomes impossible to achieve improvement in air permeability and water permeability, which is one of the functions.

In addition, if the particle size of the fine powder is 21 m1 or more, microorganisms will not be able to penetrate sufficiently and will not be able to enter the inside, reducing the activity of the microorganisms, and heavy metal ions will not be able to penetrate inside, resulting in poor efficiency. , the mixture with the soil will not be uniform, making the fertilizer less effective. Therefore, the calcium silicate fertilizer composition of the present invention has a
Particle sizes in the range of w are preferably used.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention not only inactivates heavy metals in the soil, but also facilitates the growth of microorganisms in the soil and decomposes organic substances in the soil to produce organic fertilizer. It is a fertilizer composition that can be applied to all plants, and there is no need to take plant varieties into account. However, the fertilizer composition produced according to the present invention is alkaline, and is not only a fertilizer in itself. By growing microorganisms and degrading enzymes, organic substances contained in the soil can be decomposed and the soil itself can be bioactivated.

As mentioned above, the fertilizer composition obtained by the present invention contains both calcareous bone and silicic acid content, as well as phosphoric acid content, magnesia content, and other necessary manganese, boron, etc., and therefore contains trace elements of soil. It has a replenishing effect. In addition, CH3-based gel-like hydrates that are calcium silicate hydrates [calcium silicate hydrate I (C3HI), calcium silicate hydrate I (C3HI)] and mixtures thereof, zonolite-based hydrates or tobermorite-based hydrates The substances and mixtures thereof are weakly alkaline (pH 10-11), and when mixed into soil, they are gradually neutralized over a long period of time, and such calcium silicate hydrates decompose, forming calcium carbonate and silica gel. At that time, it has the effect of neutralizing acidic soil. Furthermore, the effect on microbial activity is relatively good. In particular, it has a positive effect on the decomposition (composting) of organic matter in the soil.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention also adsorbs harmful heavy metals,
trees, vegetables, etc. to inactivate heavy metal ions in the soil and at the same time improve the physical and biological properties of the soil.
It can promote the development of roots of plants, etc.

Furthermore, the fertilizer composition synthesized according to the present invention has the action of a molecular sieve, and has the action of deodorizing bad odors generated from waste. Therefore, it absorbs a certain amount of the foul odor of adhering waste, organic matter, etc., and the foul odor of putrefaction, so that the problem of odor can be relatively reduced.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention has the property of adsorbing heavy metals that exhibit alkalinity, and adsorbs and immobilizes the heavy metals contained in the soil, so that it is in a form that is not absorbed by plants.

As described above, the fertilizer composition of the present invention promotes the decomposition of organic substances and enriches the soil. Fallen leaves and dead plants decompose in the fields as mentioned above. This not only serves as a fertilizer for agricultural crops like compost, but also, like conventional methods, it improves the soil without the need for human labor and prevents the soil from becoming acidic.

The present invention is a fertilizer composition that uses a composition containing alkaline calcium silicate hydrate as a main component as a fertilizer, improves soil rationally, and can increase the yield of agricultural crops.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention facilitates the proliferation of microorganisms in the soil and decomposes organic substances in the soil to produce organic fertilizer, and unlike chemical fertilizers, it is a fertilizer composition that can be applied to all plants. However, the fertilizer composition of the present invention is alkaline and is not only a fertilizer in itself, but also has the ability to grow microorganisms and degrading enzymes and bioactivate the body. It is possible.

Although the fertilizer composition of the present invention can be used as a starter fertilizer, it has been found that when used as an additional fertilizer, the effect of suppressing the absorption of heavy metal ions is remarkable.

Next, the fertilizer composition of the present invention will be explained using specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Example 1] 20 parts of water was added to 10 parts of blast furnace water slag, 4 parts of fine silica sand, and 1 part of quicklime, and the resulting slurry was uniformly mixed and placed in a large autoclave (mixing and stirring type). Calcium silicate hydrate obtained by hydrothermal synthesis for 10 hours in water vapor at 13 atmospheres was dehydrated and molded, and the resulting solid was crushed in a pulverizer.
The chemical analysis value of the powder obtained by crushing it to a size smaller than the ag diameter is the first
Shown in the table.

C/S-0.92.

Table 2 shows the degree of Cd absorption by rice when the above ingredients were sprayed at 150 kg/10a during the ear-raising period of paddy rice.

Control group 0.58 [Example 2] 5 parts of blast furnace slag, 4 parts of converter slag, 2 parts of silica sand fine powder,
1 part of slaked lime was added thereto, 150 parts of water was added thereto, and the mixed raw materials were uniformly mixed to form a plate shape with a thickness of about 50 W and dewatered. At this time, the cake had a moisture content of 20% or more. Put this cake in a regular autoclave,
Hydrothermal synthesis is carried out for 16 hours under a water vapor pressure of tokg/c 3.

After drying the solid material obtained as above, the main chemical analysis values of the product obtained by pulverizing it to a size of 21 mm or less using a pulverizer are shown in Table 3.

Alkali content 37.3 When the above ingredients were applied as fertilizer to paddy fields at a rate of 250 kg/10a, the yield increased compared to the previous year and compared to the neighboring paddy fields.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the fertilizer composition of the present invention has, firstly, the ability to provide a porous calcium silicate fertilizer composition, and secondly, low cost and improved soil water retention. A fertilizer composition that can biologically improve water permeability and air permeability is provided. Thirdly, bacteria are grown in the soil to decompose organic matter, making the soil rich in nutrients and effective for growing plants. Technical effects have been obtained, such as the possibility of creating a fertilizer composition that provides

Patent applicant Mitsubishi Mining Cement Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Hiroshi Kuramochi (one other person) October 14, 1986
Japan Patent Office Commissioner Yoshi 1) Moon Kokudo 1, Indication of the case Patent Application No. 51591 of 1988 2, Title of the invention 1 Calcium fertilizer composition 3, Relationship with the person making the amendment Applicant's address Chiyoda, Tokyo 5-1, Marunouchi-ku, Tokyo Name: Mitsubishi Mining Cement Co., Ltd. (1 other person) Representative: Masaya Fujimura 4, Agent address: 1-2 Kanda Suda-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, 3F 5, Nippo Shikoku Building, amended Date of order Voluntary 6, Subject of amendment 7 Contents of amendment <1) [Claims (Claim υ) of the specification are corrected as shown in the attached sheet.

(2) In the 6th line of page 3 of the specification, ``The countermeasure is to use defective soil'' is corrected to ``The countermeasure is to use contaminated soil.''

(3) Same as above, page 4, line 13 [It has been written before]
is corrected to [still inside].

(4) Correct [Activation of living things] on page 4, line 20 of the above to [Activate living things].

(5) In the second line of page 6 of the same document, [a type of converter] is corrected to [a type of converter slag].

(6) Same as above, page 6, line 4 [0,6-1. o] to [0
, 6-1.2].

(7) Same as above, page 7, line 13 [Blast furnace slag and vitreous]
is corrected to [vitreous quality of blast furnace water slag].

(8) Same as above, page 8, lines 3-4, [A hydrate and a mixture thereof are produced] are replaced with [A hydrate and a mixture thereof are produced. Correct this.

(9) In the 5th line of page 8 of the same document, [a type of converter] is corrected to [a type of converter slag].

(1(3) Same as above, page 9, lines 10 to 11. [90% or more, preferably 95% or more.]
and preferably 95% or more. Correct this.

11) In the same page, page 11, line 13, [bioactivation of the soil itself] should be corrected to [bioactivation of the soil itself].

(12) In the second line of page 13 of the same page, correct [because it will be adsorbed to some extent] to [because it will be adsorbed to some extent].

(13) The present invention uses a composition containing alkaline calcium silicate hydrate as a main component as a fertilizer] in page 13, lines 17-18 1J of the same page. Calcium silicate hydrate is an alkaline substance and is used as a calcium and silicate fertilizer, to be corrected.

(14) In the 4th and 5th lines of page 14, ``There is no need to consider the quality of plants, etc.'' is corrected to ``There is no need to consider the quality of plants, etc.''.

(15) Same as above, p. 14, lines 8 to 9, “bioactivates the soil itself” is corrected to “bioactivates the soil itself”. (16) Same as above, p. 14, lines 10, [this The fertilizer composition of the present invention is used as a starting fertilizer, and the word ko is corrected to ``the fertilizer composition of the invention is used as a starting fertilizer.

(17) ``Absorption suppressing effect'' in page 14, line 12, H of the above is corrected to ``absorption effect.''

(18) Same as above, page 15, line 4, change the [obtained solid] to [
Correct the obtained solid matter.

(19) Same as above, page 15, line 12 [during the earing period of paddy rice]
is corrected to [during the panicle formation stage of paddy rice].

(2(3) 6th line from the bottom of page 15 [42, 3]
is corrected to [st, 5].

(21) In the 6th line from the bottom of page 16, ``Comparison with the previous year and the neighboring paddy field'' is corrected to ``Comparison with the previous year and the neighboring paddy field''.

Claims (Claim 0 [(υType 1 or 2 of blast furnace slag, electric furnace slag, or converter slag)
Water is added at a ratio of 1 to 1θ times to a mixture of seeds or more and fine powder of siliceous raw material at a blending ratio of calcium/silicon in the range of 0.6 to 1.2. 6 to 15 kg/cm" of slurry material created by mixing
A calcium silicate fertilizer composition obtained by hydrothermally synthesizing the product with steam under the pressure of

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Blending ratio of blast furnace water slag, electric furnace water slag, or a mixture of one or more of two or more of converter and fine powder of silicic raw material is in the range of 0.6 to 1.2 in terms of calcium/silicon ratio. A slurry-like substance created by adding water at a ratio of 1 to 10 times the amount of water mixed in
A calcium silicate fertilizer composition obtained by hydrothermally synthesizing the product with steam under the pressure of (2) A calcium silicate fertilizer composition comprising a mixture of pulverized or granulated calcium silicate hydrate and a molten phosphorus fertilizer and/or a heavy calcined phosphorus fertilizer as a fertilizer. (3) The particles of the pulverized or granulated granules of hydrothermally synthesized calcium silicate hydrate have a particle size of 0.1 to 2 mm.
The calcium silicate fertilizer composition according to claims 1 and 2, which is within the range of the following.