JPH01226758A - Cement molded material and method for forming heat-insulating refractory coated layer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain cement molded material having strength and durability, by kneading a mixture of plastic particles and cement with aq. soln. contg. calcium salt and iron salt, etc., by forming and by solidifying into a desired shape. CONSTITUTION:The plastic particles, cement and as occasion demands, aggregate are mixed. On the other hand, the aq. soln. contg. calcium salt, as main component, and at least one kind among iron salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt, as auxiliary agent, is prepd. The mixture is kneaded with the aq. soln. above-mentioned and the obtd. kneaded material is formed into block-, panel- shape or other desired shape and solidified to obtain the cement molded material. A decorative plate having a surface pattern consisting of solidified cement and plastic particles can be made by grinding the surface of the panel-shaped cement molded material. The heat-insulating refractory coated layer can be formed by using expandable plastic particles as the plastic particles and by hardening the kneaded material on the surface of a structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a granular plastic molded product, a molded product made of crushed waste plastic and cement, and a method for forming a heat-insulating fire-resistant coating layer.

(Prior art) A mixture of granular plastic, Portland cement, sand, etc. is mixed with water and then molded and hardened.
Because the adhesion between plastic and cement is extremely poor,
As the blending ratio of plastic increases, the strength of the molded product decreases, and if plastic is unevenly distributed in the molded product, the strength of that part decreases, making it difficult to obtain reliability as a material such as a building material. There wasn't. Furthermore, foamed plastics used as heat insulating materials have poor heat resistance and fire resistance, so despite their excellent heat insulating properties, their uses are limited.

(Structure of the Invention) The present invention was made in response to the above-mentioned circumstances, and the gist thereof is to use a mixture of plastic particles, cement, and aggregate such as gravel added as desired, and a calcium salt as a main ingredient. A cement molded product obtained by molding and solidifying the mixture into a block, panel, or other desired shape by kneading it with an aqueous solution containing at least one of iron salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts as an auxiliary agent. Then, the above-mentioned kneaded product using foamed plastic particles as plastic particles is applied to the surfaces of building exterior walls, steel structures, plastic molded objects, and other structures by known methods such as spraying, painting, molding in a mold, etc. A method of forming a heat-insulating fire-resistant coating layer on the surface of a structure, characterized by layering, curing, and integrating. This will be explained in detail below.

The plastic particles used in the present invention may be pellets made for an injection molding machine, or may be particles of non-uniform shape obtained by crushing a plastic molded product. The plastic may be either thermoplastic or thermosetting, and may also be a foamed plastic typified by foamed styrene resin, foamed polyurethane resin, foamed phenol resin, and the like. The size of the particles is generally preferably around 5[[[111], but can be selected as appropriate depending on the intended product. It is preferable to use particles with uniform particle size.Also, when polishing the surface of a molded product to create a pattern, such as a decorative panel described later, it is preferable that the particles be uneven in color or shape, large or small. , even if it varies,
On the contrary, it has the effect of forming an unexpected surface pattern. As the cement, hydraulic cements such as Portland cement, alumina cement, and silica cement are used.

When coloring a molded product, pigments may be mixed into white Portland cement. Depending on the properties of the product, cement may be used as an aggregate for purposes such as strength and crack prevention. Silica sand 15-40% of cement weight
In addition, about 1 to 8% of short glass fibers or short plastic fibers, such as polypropylene short fibers, may be added.

The aqueous solution of salts added to the mixture of such cement and, if necessary, the aggregate used may include calcium chloride,
It is an aqueous salt solution obtained by dissolving calcium salts such as calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate as a main ingredient and one or more of iron salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts as auxiliary agents in water. Examples of iron salts include iron sulfate and iron chloride, with ferrous salts being preferred. Examples of potassium salts include potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, and potassium chloride, and examples of ammonium salts include water-soluble salts such as ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium sulfate. The mixing ratio of these salts is, for example, when calcium chloride is used as the main ingredient. For 100 parts by weight of calcium chloride, the iron salt is 2 to 15 parts by weight as iron sulfate, and the potassium salt is 1 part by weight as potassium carbonate. ~10 parts by weight, ammonium salt has practical utility when used in a proportion of 0.3 to 5 parts by weight as ammonium chloride salt. When another calcium salt, for example, calcium nitrate, is used as the main calcium salt, the amount of calcium nitrate capable of releasing Ca corresponding to the amount of calcium ions in the calcium chloride may be used. Similarly, with regard to iron salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts used as auxiliary agents, the desired results can be obtained if the corresponding amounts of each cation are released. It is preferable to use iron salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts as the auxiliary component, but even if the auxiliary component consists of two or one type of salt, depending on the use of the product,
You can reach your goal. If the auxiliary component consists of two or one salt, the order of priority for selection is iron salts, potassium salts and ammonium salts. When calcium chloride is used as the main ingredient, the amount of these auxiliary ingredients is about 0.3 to 30% of the weight of the main ingredient. The most preferable ratio of each of the above types that the inventor has found is 100% calcium chloride.
For example, ferrous sulfate is 3.7 to 3.7 parts by weight as an iron salt.
4.6 parts by weight, for example potassium carbonate 1.9 as potassium salt
~2.5 parts by weight, and as an ammonium salt, for example, 1.1 to 1.4 parts by weight of ammonium chloride. Each salt in such proportions is dissolved in water and used as a salt solution. For example, when calcium chloride is used as the main ingredient, the amount of water used is 10 to 25 times the total weight of these salts. These amounts of water are used for cement (and aggregate)
and the weight ratio of plastic particles, the purpose of the molded product, or
In the case of forming a heat-insulating fire-resistant coating layer, it is determined by the method of forming the coating layer on the structure, etc., but if a high-concentration salt solution is used, the curing time of the cement will be quick and the strength will be increased. Also big 1. Furthermore, the bonding strength between the plastic particles and cement also increases. Furthermore, the adhesive strength to the surface of the structure is also increased. In general, it is sufficient for the kneaded material used in the production of cement moldings to have a viscosity and fluidity comparable to that of ordinary mortar for troweling. When using the above method, it is sufficient to use paste-like or mud-like mortar with higher fluidity than ordinary cement mortar for troweling.

The mixture of plastic particles, cement (and aggregate added if desired), and the salt solution hardens to the extent that it can be taken out of the mold in 4 to 5 hours, depending on the salt concentration, and after about 24 hours has elapsed. Then, practical strength is reached. The molding method can be by pouring into a mold depending on each product,
It may also be molded in a press mold. By polishing the surface of the molded product with a grinding stone, the plastic particles covered by the cement are polished out, and the color of the hardened cement base and the color of the plastic particles appear as a surface pattern. This increases the decorativeness of the product.

By this method, the panel molded product can be made into a decorative panel. In addition, using finely crushed foamed plastic molded products or plastic foam molded particles with a particle size of 1 to 2 nIll, it is possible to
About 40 times the amount of cement, and if necessary, about 1 to 8% of inorganic fibers such as short glass fibers or synthetic polymer fibers such as short polypropylene fibers with a length of about 3 to 61 m are added, and then It is possible to add a salt solution and mix it into a slurry, and then spray it on the surfaces of steel columns and beams of buildings, the surfaces of concrete structures, etc., to provide a fireproof coating.It can also be applied to the surfaces of plastic molded objects, e.g. It can be filled and hardened as a heat insulating layer around plastic bathtubs, refrigerators, etc. Alternatively, plastic foam molded products, such as polystyrene foam, have excellent heat insulation properties but have the disadvantage of being weak against heat. A flame-retardant heat insulating material can be obtained by coating with a cement mixture containing particles. When used as a fireproof coating layer, the optimum amount of cement used is about 15 to 30 times the weight of the foam particles.

In the cement molded product or heat-insulating heat-resistant coating layer of the present application, the plastic and cement are bonded and integrated with strong force, so the plastic particles do not fall off from the cured cement product, and are different from conventional cement and plastic. It has strength and durability incomparable to cured products. Furthermore, plastic waste that is currently unavoidably incinerated or disposed of in a landfill can be reused as building materials and the like. Examples are listed below.

[Example 1] A mixture of 1 kg of plastic waste and toys made of vinyl chloride, 1 kg of white Portland cement, and 0.3 kg of silica sand powder was added with 10 kg of calcium chloride and 0 calcium carbonate. , 25kg
, ferrous sulfate 0.48 kg, ammonium chloride 0,
0.4 kg of a salt solution obtained by adding and dissolving 1402 of water to 1 kg and kneading the mixture was poured into a mold measuring 33 cm in length and width and 5 cm in depth, and hardened. After 5 hours, remove from the mold, and
After leaving it for 15 hours, the surface is ground with a rotary grinding stone to obtain a decorative panel.

[Example 2] 1 kg of polystyrene foam particles (expanded 30 times) with a particle size of about 2 to 3 nm were mixed with 15 cans of ordinary Portland cement and 0.6 polypropylene fibers with a fiber length of about 0.511111.
In addition, 6O was added to the salt solution having the composition of Example 1 to the mixture.
Add 31.5 kg of the salt solution obtained by adding N water,
By kneading, a kneaded material in a mud-like fluid state is obtained.

This kneaded material was sprayed onto the surface of a steel pillar of a building using a spray gun to form a fireproof coating layer about 5 m thick.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A mixture of plastic particles, cement, and aggregate added as necessary, and an aqueous solution containing calcium salt as a main ingredient and at least one of iron salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt as an auxiliary agent. A cement molded product obtained by solidifying a kneaded mixture of the above ingredients into a block, panel, or other desired shape. (2) The cement molded product according to claim 1, wherein the cement molded product has a panel shape, and the surface of the cement molded product is polished so that the hardened cement material and plastic particles form a surface pattern. (3) The cement molded product according to claim 1, wherein the plastic particles are foamed plastic particles. (4) Contains a mixture of foamed plastic particles, cement, and aggregate added as necessary, calcium salt as a main ingredient, and at least one of iron salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt as an auxiliary agent. A method for forming a heat-insulating fire-resistant coating layer on a structure surface, the method comprising curing and integrating a mixture with an aqueous solution on the surface of the structure.