JPH012230A - changeover switch - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Field of the Invention This invention relates to a changeover switch that switches between forward and reverse rotation of a motor to control, for example, the opening and closing of an automobile window or the direction of rotation of a power tool. , More specifically, it relates to a changeover switch with improved insulation between contact parts.

(B) Background of the Invention In commonly used changeover switches, a movable contact for contact switching is operated by a layer OJ on a fixed contact piece of a contact pattern insert-molded in a switch case, and the contact corresponding part is switched. For example, the current flow to the motor is switched between forward and reverse directions (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 1982-79148).

However, when the switch is turned OFF to cut off the current flow due to the motor being loaded due to the switch ON,
An arc is generated between these contact points, and this arc generates molten powder, which adheres to the contact points, causing poor insulation between the contact points and further shortening the service life. .

(c) Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide a changeover switch that can remove the molten powder from the contact portion and maintain C-resistance even if molten powder is generated due to the generation of an arc. do.

(d) Structure of the Invention The present invention is characterized in that it is a changeover switch in which grooves are formed between the contact portions of the contact patterns arranged in parallel and substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the movable contact.

(E) Function of the Invention According to this invention, each time the switch is switched, the movable contact comes into sliding contact with the contact portion of the contact pattern, and slides as if scraping off the molten powder adhering to the contact portion. Therefore, this scraped molten powder falls into the groove between the contact portions during sliding and is removed from above the contact portions, thereby eliminating insulation defects caused by the molten powder.

(f) Effects of the invention As a result, the contact area becomes a contact surface from which molten powder has been completely removed, making it possible to accurately avoid insulation defects caused by foreign substances such as molten powder and dust, and to maintain a normal contact area at all times. By doing so, you can reliably extend the service life.

Furthermore, if the groove is provided at an angle with respect to the sliding direction of the movable contact, when the movable contact passes over ) 14,
This i? 11 corresponds to the slope, so there is no risk of getting caught in this groove, and a smooth operating feel can always be obtained.

(g) Examples of the invention An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

The drawing shows a mid-mounted switch for automobile window control, with the second
In the figure, this in-vehicle switch 11 is constructed by integrating operation covers 12 corresponding to the upper and lower sides and a base 13, and is installed, for example, on a panel on the side of the driver's seat.

The above-mentioned operation cover 12 has first to fourth switch buttons 14 to 17 on the top surface for opening and closing operations corresponding to various windows installed in the automobile, and buttons for locking and unlocking the opening and closing operations of the windows. A fifth switch button 18 for controlling the operation cover 12 is attached, and these buttons 14 to 18 are arranged so that the pressing surfaces thereof are exposed on the upper surface of the operation cover 12.

The above-mentioned first to fourth switch buttons 14 to 17 are pivoted on both sides within each of the upper four sections 19 of the operation cover 12, and the pivots are supported within the F section 19. These buttons 14 are provided so as to be tiltable in a see-saw shape.
- 17 are in the neutral position, and from this neutral position (U), the front ends of the switch buttons 14 - 17 are raised and pressed and operated to tilt them up and down. At this time, on the front end side of the switch button, the upper surface recess 19 has a space large enough to accommodate a fingertip so that it can be pulled up with a fingertip.

By pulling the front end of the switch button toward you with your fingertip, a forward rotation signal for the motor that closes the window is output via a switch unit (described later) as a changeover switch. By pushing down on the front end of the window, a reverse rotation signal is output for the motor that opens the window.

The fifth switch button 18 is stored and held in the upper opening 20 of the operation cover 12 in a tiltable manner and with the upper surface protruding by a certain amount, and when one OFF side is pressed down and tilted,
A setting signal for an unlocked state in which the window can be opened and closed is output, and when the ON side of the other door is pressed down and tilted, a setting signal for a locked state that restricts the opening and closing operations of various windows is output.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, the contact portions of these switch buttons 171 to 18 include a slider operating rod 21 that is vertically installed at the bottom of the buttons, and which connects the pivots of the switch buttons 14 to 18. It tilts left and right about a fulcrum, and by this tilting action, a switching operation is performed in correspondence with a slide shaft of a switch unit 22, which will be described later.

The above-described switch unit 22, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, includes a switch case 23, a movable contact 24, 24, and contact springs 24a, 24a.
It is composed of a slider 25.25, a slider return spring 26.26, a root spring 27.27, and a switch cover 28.

The switch case 23 described above has six contact pieces 29 to 33.
．． Insert molding is performed with 29a arranged in parallel, and this -
The surface is partitioned at the center by a partition wall 34 and has a pair of recesses 3 on the left and right sides.
5.35, and the contact pieces 29 to 33.29a are exposed in parallel at the same pitch flush with the concave surfaces in these four parts 35.35, and on each of these exposed surfaces, a pair of left and right A movable contact 24.24 corresponds to sliding contact.

In this case, in the left four parts 35 partitioned by the partition wall 34, there are three contact pieces 29 to 35 as the first contact pattern P1.
31 is located, and three contact pieces 32, 33, 29a as the second contact pattern P2 are located in the right four part 35.
are located, and movable contacts 2/1.24, which will be described later, are brought into contact with these contact patterns P1 and P2 independently.

Further, among the six contact pieces 29 to 33.29a, the contact pieces 29.29a on both sides are integrally formed and electrically connected,
These are the ON contact pieces 29. of each contact pattern pi, p2.
298, these ON contact pieces 29.29a
Both contact pieces 30 and 31 on the first contact pattern P1 side that are arranged in parallel inside each are set as a common contact piece and an OFF contact piece, and both contact pieces 32 and 33 on the second contact pattern P2 side are set as a common contact piece and an OFF contact piece.
is set for the OFF contact piece and the common contact piece.

Each common contact piece 30.33 is connected to the motor M via a lead wire, and the other contact pieces 31°32.298
are similarly connected to the electrodes via lead wires.

By the way, between the three parallel contact pieces 29, 30, 31 of the first contact pattern P1 mentioned above and the three parallel contact pieces 32° 33.29a of the second contact pattern P2, there are Small W-shaped sawtooth along '/I+
358... are provided in the insert molding u, 1, the upper surface of this sawtooth groove 3 b a Let is flush with the contact piece exposed planarly on the inner surface of the recess 35, and the lower surface is flush with the contact piece exposed planarly on the inner surface of the recess 35. It is provided in a penetrating state communicating with.

These sawtooth grooves 35a... allow these contacts to move when a movable contactor 24.24 (to be described later) comes into sliding contact with the contact pieces 29.30.31 and 32.33.29a of the contact pattern P1°P2. Scrape off the molten powder that has adhered to the piece or movable contact due to the generation of the arc by sliding it as if 1.
The sawtooth groove 358 adjacent to the molten powder scraped off at this time
...and remove it from the contact surface to eliminate insulation defects caused by molten powder.

Further, by providing the sawtooth shape, when the movable contact 24°24 is sliding over the saw groove 35a, the sliding direction of the movable contact 24 is the same as the saw WJ full 358... 1
Since it makes sliding contact in accordance with the inclination in the M direction, there is no chance of it getting caught in the 35a, and a smooth operating feel can always be obtained.

, the above-mentioned movable contactor 24 is provided in a W shape, and this W
A swing-permitting protrusion 36 is protruded from the center of the upper surface of the shape, and a W-shaped bottom contact is provided on the lower surface of the contact pattern r'l, which spans both sides of the parallel contact pieces of P2 and makes contact at two points on the left and right. We have established a department.

The movable contacts 24 are provided in a pair on the left and right,
In the recess 35.35, due to the sliding action of each corresponding slider, which is accommodated in the recess 35.35 described above,
It is operated by sliding in its longitudinal direction. As a result, one of the movable contacts 24 is connected to the contact piece 2 on the first contact pattern P1.
9 to 310, and the contact positions of the other movable contact 24 are independently and variably operated between the contact pieces 32, 33, and 29a on the second contact pattern P2, so that the direction of current flow can be changed. Can be switched.

The slider 25 described above is attached to each recess 3 of the switch case 23.
5.35, and is accommodated in a pair of left and right sliding positions corresponding to each other, and an engagement recess 37 for pressing down and supporting the above-mentioned movable contact 24 is formed on the lower surface of this, and furthermore, the engagement recess 37 in the engagement recess 37 is Four protrusion-corresponding holes 38 into which the above-mentioned swing-allowing protrusions 36 are fitted are formed in the central portion. This protrusion corresponding hole 38
is provided in the shape of four spherical surfaces corresponding to the spherical surface of the rocking permitting protrusion 36 (
As a result, the movable contact 24 is supported at one point, and is allowed to swing and slide in any direction using the swing-allowing protrusion 36 as a fulcrum at IM f71, and a smooth 11-point contact response action is achieved. .

In this case, a contact biasing spring is provided between the facing surfaces of the movable contact 24 and the slider 25 that fits and holds the movable contact 24 to bias the movable contact 24 toward the contact patterns PI and P2. 24a, 24a are interposed.

This contact biasing spring 24a is provided in a square shape and is housed in an engagement recess 37 on the lower surface of the slider 25, and a d through hole 24 is provided in the center of the square shape to allow the swing allowing protrusion 36 to pass therethrough.
b is formed, and a circular arc-shaped protrusion 24c is formed protruding from the central bent portion, and this circular circular protrusion 24c is engaged with an inner groove 24d of an engagement recess 37 of the slider.

As a result, the movable contact 24 is moved by the contact urging spring 2.
4a, the contact pattern P1. The movable contactor 24 and the contact pattern Pi are brought into contact with each other with a constant biasing pressure on the P2 side.
, P2, a contact structure with high contact stability is obtained in which the contact surfaces with P2 are reliably biased and brought into contact with each other.

By the way, a slider return spring 26.26 is interposed in a compressed state between the wall surface of the slider 25.25 on the side opposite to the partition wall 34 and the inner wall surface of the switch case 23. The position is restricted from the center which is biased toward the partition wall 34 side of the central part, and the biased positions are set to the OFF position, and the first contact is resisted against this biasing force. Slider 25 on the pattern P1 side
Turn the No. 11 movement position where the was slid to the positive side ON +! Similarly, the sliding position where the slider 25 on the second contact pattern P2 side is slid against the urging force is set as the position corresponding to the ON contact on the opposite polarity side.

For this reason, the sliders 25, 25 are normally biased by slider return springs 26, 26 to be in the neutral OFF position, and are switched from this state to either the positive or reverse polarity ON position.

Furthermore, after the slider 25 is slid, it automatically returns to its original position by receiving the biasing force of the slider return spring 26.
Switching operations are extremely easy.

Furthermore, a fitting recess 39.39 is formed on the top surface of the slider 25.25 for fitting a leaf spring 27.27, which will be described later, and a fitting recess 39.39 is formed in the center of the top surface to correspond to the slider operating rod 21 of the switch button. A slide shaft 40.40 is provided protrudingly for this purpose.

The above-mentioned leaf springs 27, 27 are provided in a bent shape and housed in the fitting recess 39 of the slider, and a through hole 41 through which the slide shaft 40 passes through is formed in the center of the bent shape. A circular arc-shaped protrusion 42 is formed protruding from the portion, and this circular arc-shaped protrusion 42 is engaged with a touch-sensitive portion of the switch cover 28, which will be described later.

The above-mentioned switch cover 28 is provided in a box shape with an open negative side, and a pair of left and right feel corresponding parts 43 corresponding to the above-mentioned arc-shaped protrusions 42 and 42 are provided in the sliding direction on one side of the box shape. .43 is engraved, and when the above-mentioned arc-shaped protrusion 42 slides on this feel corresponding portion 43, it engages to accurately determine the position of the slider 25, and also slides to operate the switch. The polarity is switched and, through the elastic action of the leaf spring 27, the operational feel when the switch buttons 14 to 18 are engaged with force is transmitted to the switch buttons 14 to 18 described above.

Further, in the opposing wall surface of the switch cover 28, there is a slide hole 4 that allows the above-mentioned slide shaft 40, 40 to protrude upward.
4.44 is provided, and a connecting piece 45 is provided around the outer periphery.
are vertically installed, and the fitting recesses 46 carved on the inner surfaces of these connecting pieces 45 fit into fitting protrusions 47 formed around the outer periphery of the switch booth 23. ,
The switch cover 28 is integrally connected to the switch booth 23 so as to cover the switch case 23 with the leaf spring 27 slightly compressed from above.

The lower end of the slider operating rod 21 mentioned above is interposed between the slide shafts 40 degrees 40 projecting left and right, and the movement of the slider operating rod 21 located in the middle in the sliding direction causes one of the slide shafts 40 to One of the sliders 25 is slidably operated via the .

The in-vehicle switch configured in this way is provided exclusively for the driver, and can be pressed from the driver's seat by pressing any switch button 14 to 1.
By inputting 7, the opening/closing operation of the window corresponding to the input signal of the switch button is performed, and if necessary, by pressing the fifth switch button 18, the opening/closing operation of the window is locked. , the unlock operation is performed.

Normally, in the internal switch unit 22 corresponding to these switch buttons 14 to 18, each contact pattern P
i, the movable contactor 24.degree. 24 at the P2 position is set at the OFF position where it is not in contact with the ON contact piece 29.29a, as shown by the solid line in FIG.

When the window is to be closed from this OFF state, by sliding the slider 25 on the first contact pattern P1 side via the switch button, the movable contact 24 sliding together with the slider 25 is moved as shown in FIG. As shown by the imaginary line, one ON
The movable contact piece 24 contacts both the contact piece 29 and the common contact piece 30, and the other movable contact piece 24 remains in the OFF position and is not slid.

As a result, the current flow is 29a → 29 → 24 → 30
→ M → 33 → 24 → 32, and this causes the motor M
is rotated in the forward direction to close the window.

Then, when the operating force on the switch button is released, the movable contactor 24 integrated with the slider 25 automatically returns to the original OFF position due to the biasing force of the slider return spring 26.

Furthermore, when opening the window, by sliding the slider 25 on the second contact pattern P2 side via the switch button, the slider J contact 24 sliding together with the slider 25 on the second contact pattern P2 side
As shown by the imaginary line in the figure, the other movable contact 24 contacts both the ON contact piece 29a and the common contact piece 33, and the other movable contact 24 is not moved to the OFF position.

As a result, the current flow is 29a→24→33→M→
The flow goes from 30 to 24 to 31, thereby driving the motor M to rotate in the reverse direction and opening the window.

Then, by releasing the operating force on this switch button, the movable contact 24 integrated with the slider 25 returns to its original OFF position.

In this case, if the motor 4 is in any state due to the switch being turned on, when the switch is turned off to cut off the current flow,
Even if an arc occurs between these contact points and molten powder is generated, the movable contact 24.
4 is contact pattern 1] 1, P2 contact piece 29.30.3
1.32.33゜Like sliding contact on 29a and scraping off the molten powder adhering to the contact piece. ! During sliding, this scraped molten powder falls into the serrated grooves 35a between the contact pieces, and is discharged to the outside and removed from the contact surface, resulting in poor insulation due to the molten powder. Eliminate.

Therefore, the mutual contact surfaces become contact surfaces from which molten powder has been completely removed, making it possible to accurately avoid insulation defects caused by foreign substances such as molten powder and dust, and to maintain normal contact surfaces at all times.
It is possible to reliably extend the service life.

In the correspondence between this invention and the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment, the changeover switch of this invention corresponds to the switch unit 22 of the embodiment, and similarly, the switch case corresponds to the switch case 23, and the movable contact The child corresponds to the movable contact 24.24, the groove corresponds to the sawtooth groove 35a, and the contact pattern corresponds to the first contact pattern P1 and the second contact pattern P2. b limited to the configuration of one embodiment of b.
It's not.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a switch unit, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of an on-vehicle switch, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of essential parts of an on-vehicle switch. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the switch unit, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the contact pattern of the switch unit. 22...Switch unit 23-'-Switch case 24...Movable contact 35a...Sawtooth groove Pl
, P2...Confidential pattern Fig. 2 Automotive switch switch diagram 22...Switch unit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A changeover switch that switches the switch operation by bringing a movable contact into sliding contact with a contact pattern insert-molded in a switch case, the switch being substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the movable contact. A changeover switch in which a groove is formed between the contact portions of the contact pattern arranged in parallel. 2. The changeover switch according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the groove is inclined with respect to the sliding direction of the movable contact.