JPH01222859A - Device for automatically polishing wooden furniture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable arithmetic processing even with a complicated shape in a short time by providing an automatic arithmetic device as a data forming miscellaneous function. CONSTITUTION:A workpiece holding device which holds and rotates a workpiece with a rotary table unit and a clamp unit provided opposite to the table unit, and a sanding machine 3 which is provided nearly on the peripheral edge of a workpiece held by the holding device to carry out the machining of the workpiece are automatically controlled by a numerical control device 5. An automatic arithmetic device 80 as a data forming miscellaneous function is provided in this numerical control device 5. This automatic arithmetic device 80 has five functions: (1) the automatic operation of one circle and straight lines, (2) the automatic operation of two circles and straight lines, (3) the automatic operation of three circles and straight lines, (4) the automatic operation of three circles including a reverse R and straight lines, and (5) the automatic formation of the data of the second and the third quadrants based on the data of the first quadrant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Objective of the Invention) (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a sump that runs an endless sanding belt to process the surface of wooden furniture materials, etc. This invention relates to an automatic polishing device for wooden furniture that automatically polishes the entire periphery of a plate-shaped workpiece such as a board, fittings, tray, etc. while rotating the workpiece side.

(Background of the Invention) In most cases, when finishing materials such as wooden furniture using a sump, a method is used in which the workpiece is fed linearly and rubbed against a sanding belt. When processing a rectangular plate-like material, such as a table top, using this method, it is preferable to polish and finish the outer periphery all at once, in terms of the work process or finish. However, in reality, If the workpiece is a circular member, the sanding belt's processing position is always at the same position, so the processing is carried out smoothly, but if the workpiece is rectangular or elliptical, for example, the position where the processing action is performed constantly changes. The sanding belt must be moved to follow this movement, and therefore, a sump that processes the workpiece while rotating it was not put into practical use until a few years ago. However, in recent years, an apparatus has been developed which can process even irregularly shaped workpieces while rotating them, and a patent application entitled ``Profile Rotary Sump'' has already been filed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-77442.

The content of this application is to provide a copying plate on the underside of the work table,
A sanding machine is provided with a copying roller that comes into contact with the copying plate, and the sanding machine is configured so that the working surface of the sanding belt is moved back and forth and is deflected and tilted at a constant angle;
And by controlling the rotation of the work table based on the rate of change in the amount of movement of the sanding machine,
This makes it possible to process the workpiece while rotating it. However, in the current situation where high-mix, low-volume production is increasingly being forced, such as in the wooden furniture industry, for example, it is desired to further simplify and increase the efficiency of the setup work when switching between processed products. Introducing a numerical control method may be considered as a means to solve these technical demands, but if the workpiece has a complex shape, inputting shape and dimension data will be complicated, and calculations will be difficult. Currently, there is a problem that the processing takes time, and a numerical control method has not been introduced.

(Technical matters attempted to be developed) The present invention was developed against this background, and
Regarding the sump, which is capable of machining the peripheral edge of a workpiece while rotating it, by introducing a numerical control method instead of the method of recognizing the shape and dimensions of the workpiece using a copying plate, it is possible to reduce the time when changing the workpiece type. This is an attempt to develop a new automatic polishing device for wooden furniture that simplifies setup work and achieves even higher processing efficiency and processing quality.

(Structure of the Invention) (Means for Achieving the Object) That is, the automatic polishing device for wooden furniture according to the present invention is a work holding device that holds and rotates a workpiece using a rotary table unit and a clamp unit provided opposite to the rotary table unit. , one or more sanding machines which are provided at a position facing almost the periphery of the held workpiece and which substantially processes the workpiece with a sanding belt, and a numerical value that automatically controls these devices. 11g1I device, the numerical control device has an automatic calculation function, thereby creating control data according to the shape of the machined surface of the workpiece. The aim is to achieve the above objectives.

<Example> The automatic polishing apparatus l for wooden furniture according to the present invention will be explained in detail below based on the illustrated example. Reference numeral 2 denotes a workpiece holding device provided approximately at the center of the apparatus, and is provided with two sanding machines 3 facing each other on the sides thereof, and a control device 5 for controlling them. Then, the workpiece A is rotated by the workpiece holding device 2, and its peripheral edge is
WI processed. Each of these devices will be explained in more detail below. First, there is the work holding device 2, which can be roughly divided into a rotary table unit 2A and a clamp unit 2B.
The zero-turn table unit 2A has a boss 11 upright approximately in the center of the base indicated by reference numeral 10,
A structure is adopted in which the work table 12 is rotatably supported. The work table 12 has a rotation support shaft 14 extending downward, and the rotation support shaft 14 is configured to receive direct power from a drive motor M1 at its lower end and rotate. Note that, instead of this, it is of course possible to use a configuration in which a separate appropriate transmission means is provided.

The drive motor M1 is, for example, a variable speed servo motor driven by an alternating current, and a speed reducer or the like is interposed therebetween as necessary. Above this work table 12 is the above-mentioned clamp unit 2B.
A work holding plate 18 is attached to the tip of a support frame 17 rising from the rear of the base 10 so as to be rotatable and movable up and down. This work holding plate 18 is firmly pressed by an air cylinder, and the workpiece holding plate 18 is firmly pressed by an air cylinder.
The structure is such that it can sufficiently withstand the side pressures it receives during processing.

Also, due to the pressure of this work holding plate 18, the workpiece A
It is also possible to correct warping and twisting.

Furthermore, a ruler unit 19 is installed on the support frame 17 as a mechanism used to hold the workpiece A, and the ruler 20 of this ruler unit 19 is in the upper position when the workpiece holding plate 18 is lowered. When the work holding plate 18 releases the pressure on the workpiece A and rises, the workpiece holding plate 18 lowers in a mutually intersecting manner to position the workpiece A to be processed next. ing. As an example of other positioning methods, when processing a board such as a table, there are usually holes on the bottom surface for pulling out the legs, so it is difficult to avoid such holes or uneven parts. Work table 1 using
It is also possible to position it on the upper surface of 2.

Next, the sanding machine 3 will be explained.

As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, the sanding process m3 is provided with two units facing each other for one workpiece holding device 2, for example, but it is not necessarily necessary to provide two units, and it is not necessary to provide two units or three units. The main device of the sanding machine 3, which may be provided, is a sanding unit 21 that directly performs the processing operation, and this unit moves forward and backward according to the shape of the workpiece A, swinging the processing surface, and further tilting the processing surface. The structure is such that it can be processed into a desired shape. This sanding processing machine 3 is located on the rail 22 which has a dovetail-shaped cross section, for example, two are arranged in parallel on the left and right on the upper surface of the base 10 with the rotary table unit 2A sandwiched therebetween. Specifically, a movable base plate 24 that moves while meshing with this rail 22 is provided at its lower end, and this movable base plate 24 is connected to a ball screw provided in the middle of the rails 22 arranged in parallel on the base 10. A female screw block 25 screwed into the movable base plate 24 is provided on the lower surface of the movable base plate 24 so that it can slide on the rail 22. Furthermore, a slide motor M that drives this ball screw 23
2 are provided at both left and right ends of the base 10. This movable platform 24 is mainly composed of a fan-shaped turning guide plate 26 having a semicircular extension as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5.6 when viewed in plan. A rotating base 28 is rotatably attached to the center of the circular arc of the rotating guide plate 26 on the movable base 5124 via a rotating support shaft 27. This rotating frame 2
Reference numeral 8 denotes a substantially fan-shaped flat member having different divergence angles along the way, and is configured such that guide rollers 30 move between the rotating mount 28 and the rotating guide plate 26. In other words, the pivoting frame 28 pivots at a constant angle on the movable platform 24 along the arcuate trajectory of the pivoting guide plate 26 about the pivoting shaft 27 . Incidentally, this motion is also referred to as a "swinging motion" in this specification. Such a turning movement of the turning frame 28 is performed by being driven by a variable angle motor Ml provided on the rotating frame 28. A bevel gear 31 is provided on the output shaft of this variable angle motor Ms. The pinion gear 33 provided at the lower end of this intermediate shaft is transferred through an intermediate shaft having a bevel gear 32 on the upper part that meshes with the rotation guide plate 26 while meshing with a rack 34 carved around the rotation guide plate 26. A support mechanism for the sanding unit 21 located on the rotating frame 28 will be explained. First, support posts 39 are formed on both wings of the rotating frame 28 so as to stand upright. A guide rail 40 is formed inside the device, and an elevating board 41 is attached to the guide rail 40 via a meshing block 42 to move up and down.

Regarding this elevating control mechanism, the support post 39.
A screw shaft 43 , 43 is mounted upright on 39 , while being configured to thread into an internal thread 44 in meshing block 42 . A lifting motor M4 is attached to the top of one of the screw shafts 43. When the lifting motor M4 rotates, one screw shaft 43 rotates, and this screw shaft 44' connects the two screw shafts by a bevel gear. The other screw shafts can also be rotated via , thereby moving the meshing block 42 up and down. The engagement block 42 and the lifting board 41 are engaged with each other by a horizontally arranged dovetail m4B, and the other is a horizontally arranged round guide shaft 49.
A support mechanism is adopted. The mechanism for moving back and forth between the engagement pro, the lever 42 and the lifting board 41 is the front l&a adjustment motor M.
, the screw shaft 51 is rotated, the female thread 52 protruding from the lifting board 41 (11) is pushed out or pulled in, and the lifting board 41 is moved back and forth.

Incidentally, as will be described later, such a mechanism is necessary when the sanding unit 21 does not necessarily come into contact with the side edge of the workpiece A from directly above, but when it is used so as to come into contact with it from diagonally above. In this case sanding belt 6
1 and the central axis of tilting of the sanding unit 21, the working position of the sanding unit 21 may shift if the sanding unit 21 is simply tilted. It is necessary to move the substrate 41 backward so that the processing position 1 is aligned with the desired position of the workpiece A, and in order to meet this requirement, such a configuration is adopted. The supported sanding unit 21 will be explained. First, in front of the lifting board 41 is a tilting support block 5.
3, which is an angle adjustment motor Mε
A tilting support shaft 55 extending outward from the tilting support block 53 is rotated by a certain angle by the tilting handle 54, and supports the substrate 56 of the sanding unit 21 in a freely tiltable manner. The devices mounted on this board 56 are as follows. First, the belt drive motor M7 is attached to the rear of the board 56 so that its output shaft faces downward, and the motor 1J57 is attached to the output shaft. on the other hand,
In front of the board 56 are a pair of left and right guide pulleys 58 and 59.
Attach. Of these, the guide pulley 58 is fixedly attached to the base plate 56, while the guide pulley 59 is attached via a rotating arm 60, and is configured to be biased clockwise at all times by an air actuator or the like. There is. A sanding belt 61 is stretched on a track forming a substantially isosceles triangle formed by the boo IJ57 of the belt drive motor and the guide pulleys 58,59.

This sanding belt 61 is made by fixing abrasive grains to the surface of a base belt material, and polishes the surface of the workpiece A on this polishing surface. For such a sanding belt 61, a guide block is used.
On the 5th day of 1J, between 59 and 59, a pressure buffing machine 2 is applied to the back of the specimen, thereby obtaining a desired processed cross-sectional shape.

That is, the front surface of the pressure pad 62 has a shape that is almost similar to the desired cross-sectional shape of the workpiece A, and the sanding belt 61 is guided and deformed along that shape to obtain the desired processed shape. Since this point is similar to that of a known sump, a more detailed explanation will be omitted, and the shift mechanism of the zero-order pressure buftro 2 will be explained. The code 63 is the board 5
A pair of left and right guide rails are attached to the base plate 6, and are attached horizontally toward the tip of a support bracket 64 raised from the base plate 56. This guide rail 6
A slider 65 is attached to the slider 3, and a pressure butt 62 is attached to the front center of the slider 65. Note that the pressure butt 62 is replaced with bolts so that it can be replaced as needed to change the processed shape. A cylinder 66 for controlling the standby state and operating state of the pressure pad 62 is attached to the slider 65. This cylinder 66 is in a contracted state.

When the contracted state is released and the slider 65 is released, the slider 65 is moved back.
5 and is configured to allow free movement of the pressure bufftro 2.

The slider 65 receives a shift arm 68 of the Actienitaro 7 at its rear.

That is, for example, an actuator 67 unit is attached to the side surface of the substrate 56, a shift arm 68 is attached to its output shaft, and the working end of the shift arm 68 is connected to the slider 6.
It is connected to the arm receiving part 69 of No. 5.

With such a configuration, the slider 65, which can work freely when the cylinder 66 is released from contraction, and the pressure puff controller 2, which is integrated with the slider 65, receive a forward tendency due to the rotation of the shift arm 68 of the actuator 67, and are always moved forward. It is constructed to overhang with effect. Also? ! As a mechanical device, a cleaner device 275 is provided to remove polishing dust adhering to the sanding belt 61.

The present invention has the configuration as described above,
! It has the functions shown in Figure 5.

That is, the finished external dimensions of the workpiece A are manually input to the numerical control device 5, and based on this information, the running speed of the sanding belt 61 and the rotation speed of the rotary table unit 2A are adjusted to 1IiI.
IWI, sanding processing 1i3 rank! In addition to the output m control, automatic positioning control of the pressure bufftro 2, pressing control of the pressure pad 62, etc., the cleaner device 75,
Furthermore, the polishing process of the peripheral edge of the workpiece A will be explained in more detail in the 0th order in which the control for operating the ruler unit 19 and the like is performed. First, the eighth stage of preparation for machining will be described. First, the external finished dimensions of the workpiece A are input from the keyboard on the operation panel of the numerical control device 5. If the data is to be stored in a storage medium such as a floppy disk in advance, the floppy disk or the like may be inserted.Next, a predetermined switch is pressed to lower the ruler 20. When the ruler 20 descends to the lower end, it then moves forward until it reaches a predetermined position l on the work table 12 and stops. Then, the workpiece A is fed into an accurate fixed position on the work table 12 using the ruler 20. The workpiece holder IPill of the zero-order clamp unit 2B is lowered and the workpiece A is clamped. At this time, the ruler 20 once retreats in opposition to the lowering movement of the work holding plate 18, rises again, and stops and waits at the upper position so as not to interfere with the movement of the sanding machine 3. After confirming that all devices such as the sanding machine 3 and rotary table unit 2A are at their original positions, the start switch in the numerical control device 5 is pressed to start the automatic wooden furniture polishing device 1. The sanding belt 61 begins to rotate, and two sanding processes are performed! ! 13 moves forward to a predetermined machining position determined by the numerical control device 5, performs a head-cutting motion of the rotating mount 28, and starts machining to finish the peripheral edge of the workpiece A to a predetermined finished size. Of course, the cleaner device 75 is also in operation during processing, and collects the polishing dust. After the entire circumference of the FiI edge of the workpiece A has been processed, the sanding machine 3 returns to the original position again and waits until the next processing. Then, the work table 12 stops rotating when it reaches the origin position, and the work holding plate 18 releases the clamp, rises, and stops at the upper limit position. The above operation is then repeated and processing continues 0th workpiece A
The method of inputting the finished external dimensions will be explained.

First, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of inputting the finished external dimensions of the workpiece A. The input is based on the orthogonal coordinate system, the reference point is set at the rotation center 0 (0, O) of the work table 12, and the input of teaching data is (0, O).
, n), sequentially clockwise, starting from point (0, n)
The process ends when the point is reached again. In the figure, rOJ indicates the teaching point, and r is the arc radius of the corner portion A'.For example, the 0 point is (m-r).

-n). And a corner part A of the workpiece A
For the arc shape of
．． The end point Q3 is set, and the coordinate values of the midpoint Q2 are determined by simply entering an instruction that the shape is an arc. At this time, if the radius of the arc is single, it is relatively simple to find the coordinates of the midpoint Q2, but if multiple arc radii are combined as shown in Figure 8, the calculation becomes complicated. Therefore, in order to improve the calculation performance, an automatic calculation unit 8° is provided in the numerical control device 5 as a data creation assisting function, which is a characteristic feature of the present invention. Specifically, this automatic calculator 80 can: ■ Automatic calculation of one circle and a straight line, ■ Automatic calculation of two circles and a straight line, ■ Automatic calculation of three circles and a straight line, and three circles and a straight line including Φ inverse radius. automatic calculation of
■It has five functions that automatically create data for the second, third, and fourth quadrants based on the data for the first quadrant. In addition, "O" in the diagram
What is shown by is the teaching point, and R, , Rz and R3 are the circular arc radii corresponding to each circular arc in the corner portion A'.

(Effects of the Invention) The automatic polishing device 1 for wooden furniture of the present invention has the configuration described above, and exhibits the following effects.

First, we have abolished the copying model that was conventionally used in this type of equipment and adopted a method of inputting the external finish dimensions of workpiece A by pressing the keyboard on the operation panel, which has significantly reduced the setup time required for changeover. can be reduced to Furthermore, when inputting figures, by providing an automatic calculator 80 as a data creation assisting function, even complex shapes can be processed in a short time, making it easier to use human labor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the automatic polishing device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same as above, Fig. 3 is an enlarged right side view of the sanding machine, Fig. 4 is a front view of the same as above, Fig. 5 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a control mechanism in the automatic polishing device of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the automatic polishing device of the present invention, and an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the workpiece and the sanding unit,
Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the teaching method using the orthogonal coordinate system;
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing a method of teaching a figure having a plurality of circular arc radii as described above, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view showing the sanding unit. l; Automatic polishing device for wooden furniture 2; Work holding device 2A; Rotary table unit 2B; Clamp unit 3; Sanding processing machine 5; Numerical control device 10; Base 11; Boss 12; Work table 14; Rotating shaft 17; Support frame 18; Work holding slope 19; Ruler unit 20; Ruler 21; Sanding unit 22; Rail 23; Pole screw pro 7 slider 24; Movable base plate 25; Female thread block 26; Swivel guide plate 27; Swing shaft 28; Frame 30; Guide roller 31; Bevel gear 32; Bevel gear 33; Pinion gear 34; Rack 39: Support post 40 guide rail 41; Lifting board 42; Engagement block 43; Screw shaft 44; Female thread 44'; Relay shaft 48; Dovetail groove 49 ; Guide shaft 51; Screw shaft 52; Female thread 53; Tilt support block 54; Tilt handle 55; Tilt support shaft 56; Base plate 57; Pulley 58, 59; Guide pulley 60; Arm 61i sanding belt 62; Pressure pad 63; Guide Rail 64; Support bracket 65; Slider 66; Cylinder 67; Actuator 68; Shift arm 69; Arm receiver 75; Cleaner device 80; Automatic calculator A; Workpiece material A'; Corner part Ml; Drive motor Mz; Slide motor Mai angle adjustment motor M4i lifting motor M3i front and rear adjustment motor M@; angle adjustment motor M7; belt drive motor 0; rotation center C: teaching point Ql, starting point Ql; middle point Q3; ending point m s - mi X-axis value n, -n HY axis value R'' ~ R3i arc radius; arc radius

Claims (1)

[Claims] A workpiece holding device that holds and rotates a workpiece using a rotary table unit and a clamp unit provided opposite to the workpiece, and a workpiece holding device that is provided at a position facing almost the periphery of the held workpiece and that is substantially rotated by a sanding belt. A device comprising one or more sanding machines for processing a workpiece, and a numerical control device for automatically controlling these devices, the numerical control device having an automatic calculation function, An automatic polishing device for wooden furniture, characterized in that control data is created according to the shape of the machined surface of the workpiece.