JPH0122240B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0122240B2 JPH0122240B2 JP17591081A JP17591081A JPH0122240B2 JP H0122240 B2 JPH0122240 B2 JP H0122240B2 JP 17591081 A JP17591081 A JP 17591081A JP 17591081 A JP17591081 A JP 17591081A JP H0122240 B2 JPH0122240 B2 JP H0122240B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- carbon
- mixture
- powdered carbon
- powdered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- BUQLJOGZATWKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-O [C].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+] Chemical compound [C].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+] BUQLJOGZATWKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 ammonium nitrate activated carbon powder Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は硝安−炭素混合物を基剤とする爆薬に
関するものである。特に本発明は硝酸アンモニウ
ムを主体とする威力の大きい爆薬に関するもので
ある。
多孔質の粒状硝酸アンモニウムと燃料油との混
合物が、周知のように爆薬として大量に消費され
ている。このものは俗に硝油爆薬と称されてお
り、安価ではあるが爆速はあまり大きくはない。
そこで硝酸アンモニウムを主体とした、安価で、
かつ硝油爆薬よりもさらに威力の大きい爆薬の開
発が期待されている。
本発明者らは、硝酸アンモニウムと粉末状炭素
との均一混合物に燃料油を添加して成る爆薬が、
上記の期待に応える強大な威力を有することを見
出し、本発明を達成した。
本発明についてさらに詳細に説明すると、本発
明は硝酸アンモニウムと粉末状炭素との均一混合
物に燃料油を添加したものである。硝酸アンモニ
ウムと粉末状炭素との均一混合物は、粉末状の硝
酸アンモニウムと粉末状炭素とを混合することに
より容易に調製できる。好ましくは、高濃度に濃
縮された溶液状ないし溶融状の硝酸アンモニウム
に粉末状炭素を添加して均一に分散させたのち硝
酸アンモニウムを固化させることにより、硝酸ア
ンモニウムと粉末状炭素との均一な混合物を調製
する。例えば95（重量）％程度に濃縮された溶液
状ないし溶融状の高温かつ常圧に保持されている
硝酸アンモニウムに粉末状炭素を添加して均一に
分散させたのち、撹拌下に冷却して粉末状の硝酸
アンモニウムとして析出させるか、または造粒塔
の頂部から滴下して粒状の硝酸アンモニウムにす
る。この方法によれば、硝酸アンモニウムと粉末
状炭素の混合に際し摩擦等により局部的に高温に
なることがないので、安全に均一な混合物を製造
することができる。
硝酸アンモニウムと混合する粉末状炭素として
は種々のものを用いることができるが、カーボン
ブラツク、活性炭粉末または木炭粉末を用いるの
が好ましい。カーボンブラツクとしては通常のゴ
ム用カーボンブラツクを用いることができる。活
性炭としては、やしがら、木材、亜炭、石炭等を
原料としたものが市販されているが、そのいずれ
をも用いることができる。活性炭粉末および木炭
粉末は、できるだけ微細なものを用いるのが好ま
しく、通常は200メツシユ篩下品が用いられる。
特に好ましいのはカーボンブラツクであり、硝酸
アンモニウム−カーボンブラツク混合物は、硝酸
アンモニウム活性炭粉末混合物や硝酸アンモニウ
ム−木炭粉末混合物よりも熱安定性が大きい。
第１〜３図は、炭素５（重量）％を含む硝酸ア
ンモニウム−炭素混合物の常圧下における示差熱
分析のチヤートの１例である。これらの図から、
硝酸アンモニウム−カーボンブラツク混合物は、
硝酸アンモニウム−活性炭粉末や硝酸アンモニウ
ム−木炭粉末よりも分解温度が高く、従つて熱安
定性が大きいことが明らかである。
粉末状炭素は硝酸アンモニウムに対し通常0.2
〜７（重量）％、好ましくは0.5〜５（重量）％と
なるように添加される。
本発明に係る硝安−炭素混合物を基剤とする爆
薬を製造するには、従来の硝油爆薬の場合と同じ
く、硝酸アンモニウム−粉末状炭素混合物に燃料
油を添加して良く撹拌すればよい。燃料油の添加
量は通常、硝酸アンモニウムに対して１〜10（重
量）％、好ましくは２〜８（重量）％である。従
来の硝油爆薬におけると同じく、本発明に係る爆
薬においても、酸素平衡は０近傍に調節するのが
好ましい。なお、硝酸アンモニウム−粉末状炭素
混合物は、固結防止、吸油性に、装填性その他の
見地から、粒状、特に多孔質の粒状であるのが好
ましい。従つて混合物が粉末状の場合には、転動
造粒その他適宜の方法により造粒して、粒状物と
して用いるのが好ましい。
以下に実施例により本発明をさらに具智的に説
明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以
下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例 １
高温に加熱した約95％濃度の硝酸アンモニウム
水溶液にカーボンブラツクを添加し、良く撹拌し
て均一に分散させた。次いで、これを撹拌しつつ
冷却して全体を粉末状に固化させ、さらに含水量
が約0.1（重量）％になるまで乾燥した。このよう
にして調製した硝酸アンモニウムとカーボンブラ
ツクとの均一混合物に、軽油（JIS ２号軽油）を
添加しつつ良く撹拌して、軽油を硝酸アンモニウ
ムに均一に吸収させ、硝安−炭素混合物を基剤と
する爆薬を調整した。
この爆薬につき、JIS K4810によりドートリツ
シユ法による爆速試験を行なつた。結果を表に示
す。また、JIS K4826(A)により雷管感度試験を行
なつたが、いずれも６号雷管１本では起爆しなか
つた。
【表】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to explosives based on ammonium nitrate-carbon mixtures. In particular, the present invention relates to a high-power explosive mainly composed of ammonium nitrate. Mixtures of porous granular ammonium nitrate and fuel oil are known to be consumed in large quantities as explosives. This explosive is commonly referred to as nitric oil explosive, and although it is inexpensive, its detonation speed is not very high.
Therefore, a cheap method based on ammonium nitrate,
There are also hopes for the development of explosives that are even more powerful than nitric oil explosives. The present inventors have discovered that an explosive made by adding fuel oil to a homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon,
The present invention was achieved by discovering that the present invention has great power that meets the above expectations. More specifically, the present invention comprises a homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon with the addition of fuel oil. A homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon can be easily prepared by mixing powdered ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon. Preferably, a homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon is prepared by adding powdered carbon to highly concentrated solution or molten ammonium nitrate, uniformly dispersing it, and then solidifying the ammonium nitrate. . For example, powdered carbon is added to ammonium nitrate that is concentrated to about 95% (by weight) and kept at high temperature and normal pressure in the form of a solution or molten ammonium nitrate, uniformly dispersed, and then cooled with stirring to form a powder. ammonium nitrate, or dripped from the top of a granulation tower to form granular ammonium nitrate. According to this method, when ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon are mixed, there is no local high temperature caused by friction or the like, so a uniform mixture can be produced safely. Although various types of powdered carbon can be used to mix with ammonium nitrate, it is preferable to use carbon black, activated carbon powder, or charcoal powder. As the carbon black, ordinary carbon black for rubber can be used. As activated carbon, those made from coconut shell, wood, lignite, coal, etc. are commercially available, and any of them can be used. It is preferable to use activated carbon powder and charcoal powder as fine as possible, and 200 mesh sieve quality is usually used.
Particularly preferred is carbon black, with ammonium nitrate-carbon black mixtures having greater thermal stability than ammonium nitrate activated carbon powder mixtures and ammonium nitrate-charcoal powder mixtures. Figures 1 to 3 are an example of a chart of differential thermal analysis under normal pressure of an ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture containing 5% (by weight) of carbon. From these figures,
Ammonium nitrate-carbon black mixture is
It is clear that it has a higher decomposition temperature and therefore greater thermal stability than ammonium nitrate-activated carbon powder and ammonium nitrate-charcoal powder. Powdered carbon is usually 0.2 to ammonium nitrate.
It is added in an amount of 7% (by weight), preferably 0.5% to 5% (by weight). In order to produce the explosive based on the ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture according to the present invention, fuel oil may be added to the ammonium nitrate-powdered carbon mixture and stirred thoroughly, as in the case of conventional nitric oil explosives. The amount of fuel oil added is usually 1 to 10% (by weight), preferably 2 to 8% (by weight) based on ammonium nitrate. As in conventional nitric oil explosives, the oxygen balance in the explosive according to the present invention is preferably adjusted to near zero. Note that the ammonium nitrate-powdered carbon mixture is preferably in the form of granules, particularly porous granules, from the viewpoints of anti-caking, oil absorption, loading properties, and other aspects. Therefore, when the mixture is in powder form, it is preferable to granulate it by rolling granulation or other appropriate method and use it as granules. EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to examples below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof. Example 1 Carbon black was added to an approximately 95% ammonium nitrate aqueous solution heated to a high temperature and stirred well to uniformly disperse it. Next, this was cooled while stirring to solidify the whole into a powder, and further dried until the water content became about 0.1% (by weight). Light oil (JIS No. 2 light oil) is added to the homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and carbon black prepared in this manner, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred to allow the light oil to be uniformly absorbed into the ammonium nitrate, thereby forming an ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture as a base. Adjusted the explosives. This explosive was subjected to detonation velocity tests using the Dautritsch method in accordance with JIS K4810. The results are shown in the table. In addition, a detonator sensitivity test was conducted according to JIS K4826(A), but no detonation occurred with a single No. 6 detonator. 【table】
第１図は硝酸アンモニウム−カーボンブラツク
混合物（重量比95：５）の示差熱分析のチヤート
である。昇温速度は20℃／分であり、雰囲気は空
気である。実線は温度変化を、点線は重量減少を
示す。第２図は硝酸アンモニウム−粉末活性炭混
合物（重量比95：５）の示差納分析のチヤートで
ある。第３図は硝酸アンモニウム−粉末木炭混合
物（重量比95：５）の示差熱分析のチヤートであ
る。
FIG. 1 is a chart of differential thermal analysis of an ammonium nitrate-carbon black mixture (95:5 weight ratio). The temperature increase rate was 20°C/min, and the atmosphere was air. The solid line shows the temperature change and the dotted line shows the weight loss. FIG. 2 is a chart of differential analysis of ammonium nitrate-powdered activated carbon mixture (weight ratio 95:5). FIG. 3 is a chart of differential thermal analysis of ammonium nitrate-powdered charcoal mixture (weight ratio 95:5).
Claims (1)
物に燃料油を添加して成る爆薬。 ２ 粉末状炭素がカーボンブラツク、活性炭粉末
および木炭粉末から選ばれたものであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の爆薬。 ３ 硝酸アンモニウムと粉末状炭素との均一混合
物が、液状の硝酸アンモニウムに粉末状炭素を添
加して均一に混合したのち固化させることにより
調製されたものであることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項または第２項記載の爆薬。 ４ 硝酸アンモニウムに対する粉末状炭素の重量
比が0.2〜７％であることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項ないし第３項のいずれかに記載の爆
薬。[Claims] 1. An explosive made by adding fuel oil to a homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon. 2. Explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that the powdered carbon is selected from carbon black, activated carbon powder and charcoal powder. 3. Claim 1, characterized in that the homogeneous mixture of ammonium nitrate and powdered carbon is prepared by adding powdered carbon to liquid ammonium nitrate, mixing uniformly, and then solidifying the mixture. or the explosives described in paragraph 2. 4. The explosive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight ratio of powdered carbon to ammonium nitrate is 0.2 to 7%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17591081A JPS5879895A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Explosive based on ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17591081A JPS5879895A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Explosive based on ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5879895A JPS5879895A (en) | 1983-05-13 |
| JPH0122240B2 true JPH0122240B2 (en) | 1989-04-25 |
Family
ID=16004373
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17591081A Granted JPS5879895A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1981-11-02 | Explosive based on ammonium nitrate-carbon mixture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5879895A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU6122799A (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2001-05-10 | Nof Corporation | Gas generator composition |
| AU2005337855A1 (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-10 | Carbo*Prill, Inc. | Explosive formulation |
| CN103435428A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江震凯化工有限公司 | Improved type porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparing method thereof |
-
1981
- 1981-11-02 JP JP17591081A patent/JPS5879895A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5879895A (en) | 1983-05-13 |
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