JPH0121199B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0121199B2 JPH0121199B2 JP4932781A JP4932781A JPH0121199B2 JP H0121199 B2 JPH0121199 B2 JP H0121199B2 JP 4932781 A JP4932781 A JP 4932781A JP 4932781 A JP4932781 A JP 4932781A JP H0121199 B2 JPH0121199 B2 JP H0121199B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- solvent
- evaporation rate
- present
- examples
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- FQAMAOOEZDRHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2-trichloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl FQAMAOOEZDRHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- UGCSPKPEHQEOSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl UGCSPKPEHQEOSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- FJSRPVWDOJSWBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJSRPVWDOJSWBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 4
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004434 industrial solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004971 nitroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Description
本発明は、１，１，２，２−テトラクロロ−
１，２−ジフルオロエタン（以下Ｒ−112と略記
する）又は、１，１，２−トリクロロ−１，２，
２−トリフルオロエタン（以下Ｒ−113と略記す
る）から選ばれる１種又は２種、及び１，１，２
−トリクロロ−２，２−ジフルオロエタン（以下
Ｒ−122と略記する）からなる混合溶剤組成物に
関するものである。
金属の脱脂洗浄用あるいは一般工業用溶剤の使
用形態には、密閉型、半密閉型あるいはオープン
型があり、いずれの場合にも引火による爆発や火
災の防止あるいは毒性の問題から排気設備に対す
る法規制は厳しくなつている。しかし現実には小
規模にたやすく行なえるなどの利点があるため、
しばしば利用されている手ふき洗浄のようなオー
プン使用の場合は、充分な局所排気ができないこ
とが多く不燃性で引火の危険性がない、より低毒
な溶剤が望まれている。
従来から、Ｒ−112及びＲ−113が不燃性で毒性
の小さい物質であることは知られている。例え
ば、米国OSHAのデータによれば１，１，１−
トリクロルエタンよりも大気中の許容濃度が大き
いとされている。従つて、手ふき洗浄等のオープ
ン使用において、ならびに今後予想される毒性規
制の強化に対応するためには望ましい物質であ
る。一般工業用溶剤として、Ｒ−112又はＲ−113
が使用われている例として例えば特公昭45−4847
号公報にはＲ−112とエタノールの組み合せが、
又特公昭53−1231号公報にはＲ−113とニトロメ
タンの組み合せが記載されている。さらに特開昭
52−71405号公報には、溶解力を上げる目的で90
重量％以上Ｒ−113に対してニトロメタン、アセ
トン、メタノール、あるいはエタノール等を組み
合せた混合溶剤の記載がある。ところが、上記混
合物では充分な溶解力が得られていないばかりで
なく、Ｒ−113の混合物の場合にはＲ−113の割合
が増えると蒸発速度が大きくなり、大気中の蓄積
量が増大したり、蒸発による損失が大きいなどの
欠点があつた。
本発明者等は、かかる欠点を解決すべく鋭意研
究を重ねた結果、不燃性、低毒性であるばかりで
なく本来溶剤に最も要求される溶解力に富んだ新
規な溶合溶剤を見い出した。すなわち、本発明は
Ｒ−112又はＲ−113の40〜80重量％及びＲ−112
の20〜60重量％からなる混合溶剤組成物とＲ−
112及びＲ−113の70〜80重量％及びＲ−122の20
〜30重量％からなる混合溶剤組成物に関するもの
である。従来から溶解力や蒸発速度の調節やその
他性能の向上のために、いろいろな混合溶剤が開
発されているが、本発明のようなＲ−122を含む
混合溶剤は見い出されていない。Ｒ−122は沸点、
溶解力、蒸発速度が１，１，１−トリクロルエタ
ンに近い値を示し、単独でも溶剤として有用な物
質である。かかるＲ−122に対してＲ−112及び又
はＲ−113が加わつた混合溶剤は、不燃性、低毒
性でしかも従来からのＲ−112又はＲ−113系の溶
剤に比べて溶解力を増大することができた。
本発明の混合溶剤におけるＲ−122の割合は、
Ｒ−122／Ｒ−112又はＲ−122／R113の場合には
20〜60重量％が適当であり、Ｒ−122／Ｒ−112／
Ｒ−113の場合には20〜30重量％、好ましくは20
〜25重量％が選ばれる。３成分系におけるＲ−
112及びＲ−113の割合は、Ｒ−122を除いた重量
％の範囲内で適宜選択可能である。一般に、Ｒ−
112又はＲ−122の割合が多い程、溶解力は増大し
かつ蒸発速度は減少する。一方、Ｒ−113の割合
が多い程毒性が低下するという利点が出てくる。
又、上記必須成分に対して公知乃至周知の添加
剤を加えることができる。例えば、２〜８重量
％、好ましくは４〜５重量％のアルコール類を加
えると、溶解力が増大することがわかつた。アル
コール類としては、メチルアルコール、エチルア
ルコール、プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルア
ルコール等が有用であるが、毒性を考慮するとエ
タノール、イソプロピルアルコールが好適に選ば
れる。さらに、ニトロアルカン類を0.4〜1.2重量
％、好ましくは0.6〜0.8重量％加えると熱安定性
に優れ、混合物の沸点においても鉄や亜鉛が腐食
されないこともわかつた。ニトロアルカン類とし
ては、ニトロメタン、ニトロエタン等が有用であ
る。
以上、本発明の混合溶剤は従来のＲ−112又は
Ｒ−113系混合溶剤には見られない高い溶解力を
有し、金属の脱脂洗浄あるいは一般工業用溶剤と
して、１，１，１−トリクロルエタンに劣らない
性能を発揮するものである。
次に、本発明の実施例について更に具体的に説
明するが、かかる説明によつて本発明が何ら限定
されるものでないことは勿論である。
実施例１〜３及び比較例１
Ｒ−122を含む場合と含まない場合について、
KB値及び蒸発速度を測定した結果を下記第１表
に示す。なお、KB値は溶剤の溶解力を表わす値
であり、「ASTM D1133−61」の方法に従つて
測定した。又、蒸発速度はJIS、ASTMともに規
格化された方法はないので、内径86mmφ、高さ20
mmの硝子製シヤーレに溶剤30ｇを入れ、恒温水槽
の液面にシヤーレを浮かした状態に保つて溶剤を
揮散させ、溶剤重量の経時変化を測定した。
参考例１〜４及び比較参考例２〜６
エタノール及び又はニトロメタンを添加した場
合の各種混合溶剤と、１，１，１−トリクロルエ
タンについてKB値及び蒸発速度を前記と同様な
方法により測定した。その結果を下記第２表に示
す。
参考例 ５〜６
ニトロメタンを添加した場合の熱安定化効果を
示す結果を下記第３表に示す。なお、熱安定性は
100mlの耐圧硝子容器に試料100ｇ入れ、液中に鉄
片、亜鉛片を浸漬し封管後68℃に保つた恒温槽に
入れ６日間保持し、金属の腐食量、および液の分
解量を測定することによつて判定した。
The present invention provides 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
1,2-difluoroethane (hereinafter abbreviated as R-112) or 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,
One or two selected from 2-trifluoroethane (hereinafter abbreviated as R-113), and 1, 1, 2
-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (hereinafter abbreviated as R-122). Solvents for degreasing and cleaning metals or for general industrial use can be used in closed, semi-closed, or open types, and in all cases, there are legal restrictions on exhaust equipment to prevent explosions and fires due to ignition, and to prevent toxicity. is getting tougher. However, in reality, it has the advantage of being easy to carry out on a small scale, so
In the case of open use such as hand washing, which is often used, it is often not possible to provide sufficient local exhaust ventilation, so a less toxic solvent that is nonflammable and poses no risk of ignition is desired. It has been known that R-112 and R-113 are nonflammable and low toxicity substances. For example, according to US OSHA data, 1,1,1-
It is said that the permissible concentration in the atmosphere is higher than that of trichloroethane. Therefore, it is a desirable substance for open use such as hand washing, as well as for responding to stricter toxicity regulations expected in the future. R-112 or R-113 as a general industrial solvent
For example, in Tokuko Sho 45-4847,
In the publication, the combination of R-112 and ethanol is
Furthermore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1231/1983 describes a combination of R-113 and nitromethane. Furthermore, Tokukai Akira
Publication No. 52-71405 discloses that 90
There is a description of a mixed solvent in which nitromethane, acetone, methanol, ethanol, etc. are combined with R-113 in a weight percent or more. However, not only do the above mixtures not have sufficient dissolving power, but in the case of R-113 mixtures, as the proportion of R-113 increases, the evaporation rate increases and the amount accumulated in the atmosphere increases. However, there were drawbacks such as large losses due to evaporation. The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research to solve these drawbacks, and as a result, they have discovered a new welding solvent that is not only non-flammable and low-toxic, but also has a rich dissolving power, which is the most required characteristic of solvents. That is, the present invention contains 40 to 80% by weight of R-112 or R-113 and R-112
A mixed solvent composition consisting of 20 to 60% by weight of R-
70-80% by weight of 112 and R-113 and 20% of R-122
~30% by weight of mixed solvent compositions. Although various mixed solvents have been developed in the past to adjust the solvency, evaporation rate, and improve other performance, a mixed solvent containing R-122 like the one of the present invention has not been found. R-122 is the boiling point,
Its solvency and evaporation rate are close to those of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and it is a useful substance as a solvent alone. Such a mixed solvent in which R-112 and/or R-113 are added to R-122 is nonflammable, low toxicity, and has increased dissolving power compared to conventional R-112 or R-113-based solvents. I was able to do that. The proportion of R-122 in the mixed solvent of the present invention is
In the case of R-122/R-112 or R-122/R113
20 to 60% by weight is appropriate, R-122/R-112/
In the case of R-113, 20 to 30% by weight, preferably 20
~25% by weight is chosen. R- in a three-component system
The ratio of 112 and R-113 can be appropriately selected within the range of weight % excluding R-122. Generally, R-
The higher the proportion of 112 or R-122, the higher the solvency power and the lower the evaporation rate. On the other hand, the higher the proportion of R-113, the lower the toxicity. Further, known or well-known additives can be added to the above-mentioned essential components. For example, it has been found that adding 2 to 8% by weight, preferably 4 to 5% by weight, of alcohols increases the dissolving power. As alcohols, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, etc. are useful, but in consideration of toxicity, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol are preferably selected. Furthermore, it has been found that when 0.4 to 1.2% by weight, preferably 0.6 to 0.8% by weight, of nitroalkanes is added, thermal stability is excellent, and iron and zinc are not corroded even at the boiling point of the mixture. As the nitroalkanes, nitromethane, nitroethane, etc. are useful. As mentioned above, the mixed solvent of the present invention has a high dissolving power not seen in conventional R-112 or R-113 mixed solvents, and can be used as a solvent for degreasing metals or as a general industrial solvent. It exhibits performance comparable to ethane. Next, examples of the present invention will be described in more detail, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited by such explanations. Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 With and without R-122,
The results of measuring the KB value and evaporation rate are shown in Table 1 below. Note that the KB value is a value representing the dissolving power of a solvent, and was measured according to the method of "ASTM D1133-61". Also, since there is no standardized method for evaporation rate in either JIS or ASTM, the inner diameter is 86mmφ and the height is 20mm.
30 g of solvent was placed in a glass shear dish of 30 mm in diameter, and the shear dish was kept floating on the liquid surface of a constant temperature water bath to volatilize the solvent, and the change in the weight of the solvent over time was measured. Reference Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Reference Examples 2 to 6 The KB values and evaporation rates of various mixed solvents in which ethanol and/or nitromethane were added and 1,1,1-trichloroethane were measured in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 2 below. Reference Examples 5-6 The results showing the thermal stabilization effect when nitromethane was added are shown in Table 3 below. In addition, the thermal stability is
Place 100g of the sample in a 100ml pressure-resistant glass container, immerse iron pieces and zinc pieces in the liquid, seal the tube, and keep it in a constant temperature bath kept at 68℃ for 6 days to measure the amount of metal corrosion and the amount of decomposition of the liquid. It was determined by this.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例４〜７、比較例２〜３
実施例１〜３と同様にして、KB値及び蒸発速
度を測定した。結果を下記第４表に示す。[Table] Examples 4 to 7, Comparative Examples 2 to 3 The KB value and evaporation rate were measured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. The results are shown in Table 4 below.
【表】【table】
Claims (1)
フルオロエタン又は１，１，２−トリクロロ−
１，２，２−トリフルオロエタンの40〜80重量％
及び１，１，２−トリクロロ−２，２−ジフルオ
ロエタンの20〜60重量％からなる混合溶剤組成
物。 ２ １，１，２，２−テトラクロロ−１，２−ジ
フルオロエタン及び１，１，２−トリクロロ−
１，２，２−トリフルオロエタンの70〜80重量％
及び１，１，２−トリクロロ−２，２−ジフルオ
ロエタンの20〜30重量％からなる混合溶剤組成
物。[Claims] 1 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane or 1,1,2-trichloro-
40-80% by weight of 1,2,2-trifluoroethane
and 20 to 60% by weight of 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane. 2 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane and 1,1,2-trichloro-
70-80% by weight of 1,2,2-trifluoroethane
and 20 to 30% by weight of 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4932781A JPS57164200A (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1981-04-03 | Mixed solvent composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4932781A JPS57164200A (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1981-04-03 | Mixed solvent composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57164200A JPS57164200A (en) | 1982-10-08 |
| JPH0121199B2 true JPH0121199B2 (en) | 1989-04-20 |
Family
ID=12827883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4932781A Granted JPS57164200A (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1981-04-03 | Mixed solvent composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57164200A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5958099A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-04-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Detergent composition |
| JPS60121287A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-06-28 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Method for washing article worked with hot-melt adhesive |
-
1981
- 1981-04-03 JP JP4932781A patent/JPS57164200A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57164200A (en) | 1982-10-08 |
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