JPH0120508Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a burner, and particularly to a burner in which fuel such as heavy oil is injected by a spray medium such as air or steam to form a combustion flame. The present invention relates to a burner that can expand the combustion amount adjustment range and also achieve direct ignition of fuel to be combusted.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

For conventional thermal power generation, private power generation, industrial use, general purpose,
Burners applied to marine boilers and other general industrial combustors have a burner throat a as shown in Figure 1.
The combustion air flow is arranged so as to coincide with the center C of
The fuel is injected by means of an atomizing medium. An ignition burner c is provided near burner b to ignite fuel injected from burner b to form a flame. This ignition burner c
is designed to be ignited by an electric spark from a spark plug.

However, in the past, there were the following problems.

(1) Since the fuel injection nozzle provided in burner b has a fixed diameter as a drilled hole, the combustion amount (fuel injection amount) can be adjusted by supplying fuel as shown in Figure 2. This is done by controlling the side supply pressure. In this case, if the supply pressure is lowered too much, the spray will deteriorate and the stability of the combustion flame will be impaired, so the minimum supply pressure must be set high in relation to the nozzle diameter. As a result, the adjustment range of the fuel injection amount relative to the planned pressure and the planned injection amount is narrowed, and the degree of freedom in controlling the combustion amount with respect to the boiler load is reduced.

(2) In order to ignite the burner, first apply voltage to the ignition plug to generate an electric spark,
This was an indirect method in which the electric spark ignited the ignition burner c, and then the flame of the ignition burner c was transferred to the burner b. This is because the amount of fuel injected into burner B is large, and in the case of electric spark, burner B
This is because it cannot ignite.

That is, the ignition burner c merely has the function of igniting the burner b, and does not burn fuel and actively contribute to flame formation.

(3) Also, when igniting burner b with such ignition burner c, since burner b is installed at center C of burner throat a, ignition burner c must be installed at a position away from center C. do not have. As a result, the flame of the ignition burner c was blown away by the high-speed combustion air flow flowing near the ignition burner c, and the ignitability of the burner b was not favorable.

(4) Furthermore, ignition burner c uses light oil, which is different from combustion fuel such as heavy oil, as the ignition fuel, and requires a light oil tank, pump, piping, valve set, etc. as ancillary equipment separately from burner b. This led to an increase in the cost of the equipment.

[Purpose of invention]

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to expand the range of burner combustion amount adjustment and to enable direct ignition of combustion fuel. It is possible to provide a burner.

[Summary of the idea]

According to the present invention, the above object is achieved by the following configuration.

That is, in a burner having a burner chip for injecting supplied fuel such as heavy oil using an atomizing medium, the main burner chip is formed in an annular shape, the main burner chip is provided with a main injection port with a large diameter, and the annular main burner chip is An auxiliary burner chip is provided inside, a auxiliary nozzle with a small diameter is provided in the auxiliary burner chip, and a supply system is connected to each of these burner chips in order to supply fuel and atomizing medium independently from the same supply source. It consists of

[Example of idea]

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 3, 1 is a boiler casing, and this boiler casing 1 is provided with a hollow cylindrical jacket tube 3 extending toward the combustion chamber 2 side. A main burner tip 4 and a sub burner tip 5, which are the features of the present invention, are provided inside the combustion chamber side end 3a of the jacket tube 3 so as to face the combustion chamber 2.

As shown in FIG. 4, the main burner tip 4 is formed in the shape of an annular disk, and an engagement flange 6m is formed at one end in the axial direction to project outward in the radial direction, and an engagement flange 6m is formed at the other end. A conical surface 7m facing the combustion chamber 2 side is formed by sequentially inclining the conical surface 7m.
m has a plurality of main nozzles 8 along its circumferential direction...
is provided. This main nozzle 8 has a spray medium passage hole 9 formed to penetrate inward from the main burner tip 4.
m in series. A fuel hole 10m is formed in the main burner tip 4, and is connected to an atomizing medium hole 9m on the upstream side of the main nozzle 8. The fuel is injected from the main injection ports 8 along with the spray medium. In particular, the main nozzle holes 8 are formed to have a larger diameter than the sub-nozzles 11, which will be described later, and are configured to inject fuel at a large injection amount mainly from normal operation to high-load operation of the boiler.

The main burner tip 4 is connected to the first supply system 13 via an annular nozzle body 12m that is continuous along the axial direction on the engagement flange 6m side. A spray medium passage hole 9m and a fuel passage hole 10m are each independently extended and formed in the nozzle body 12m. The main burner chip 4 is integrally assembled with the nozzle body 12m by having its engaging flange portion 6m engaged with an annular locking portion 15m formed on a joint block 14m which is screwed onto the outer circumferential portion of the nozzle body 12m.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, a sub burner tip 5 is provided coaxially with the main burner tip 4 in a hollow portion radially inward of the annularly formed main burner tip 4. As shown in FIG. 5, this sub-burner chip 5 is constructed in substantially the same manner as the main burner chip 4. The auxiliary burner tip 5 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and has an engaging flange portion 6s formed at one end in the axial direction, and a conical surface 7s facing the combustion chamber 2 at the other end. A plurality of sub-nozzle ports 11 are provided along the circumferential direction of the conical surface 7s. This sub-nozzle port 11 is also connected in series with the atomizing medium passage hole 9s formed to penetrate inward from the sub-burner chip 5, and the atomizing medium passage hole 9s... is connected to a fuel vent formed in the sub-burner chip 5. 10s... are connected. The fuel is then carried along with the spray medium to the sub-nozzle 11.
It is configured to be sprayed from... In particular, the sub-nozzles 11 are formed to have a smaller diameter than the main nozzles 8,
It is configured to inject fuel with a small injection amount from burner ignition to boiler low-load operation.

The auxiliary burner tip 5 is connected to a second supply system 17 via a disk-shaped tip plate 16 and a nozzle body 12s that are connected along the axial direction on the engaging flange portion 6s side. Chip plate 1
6 and the nozzle body 12s, a spray medium passage hole 9s and a fuel passage hole 10s are independently extended and formed. The sub burner tip 5 also has a joint block 1 whose engagement flange 6s is screwed into the outer periphery of the tip plate 16 and the nozzle body 12s.
The nozzle body 12s is engaged with the annular engagement portion 15s of the nozzle body 12s, and is integrally assembled with the nozzle body 12s and the like.

The main burner chip 4 and the sub burner chip 5 configured in this manner and provided coaxially are arranged such that their axes are aligned with the center C of the burner throat 18 and are spaced apart from the combustion chamber 2 by a predetermined distance. .
The burner throat 18 is formed by a conical surface 18a formed by sequentially expanding its diameter on the side opposite to the combustion chamber 2 side, and a diff user 19 provided on the outer peripheral side of the jacket tube 3 so as to be inclined radially outward. This functions to stabilize the combustion flame by making the highly pressurized combustion air flow as uniform as possible.

Further, the main burner chip 4 and the sub burner chip 5 are provided with a first supply system 13 and a second supply system 1, respectively.
7 is connected. These supply systems 13 and 17 supply fuel to the fuel vents 1 as shown in FIGS.
Fuel barrel 20 for supplying 0m, 10s
m, 20s, and the spray medium is passed through the spray medium through hole 9m, 9.
Spray medium barrel 21m, 21 for supplying s
s and these barrels 20m, 20s, 21m, 2
Header parts 22m, 22s provided at one end extending outward of the boiler casing 1 of 1s, and a first pressure feeding path 23m for independently pumping fuel and spray medium to these header parts 22m, 22s, respectively. and the second pressure feeding path 23s, and these pressure feeding paths 23m, 23
It is comprised of valve sets 24m and 24s provided in the supply systems 13 and 17 for switching the supply amount and controlling the flow rate of the fuel and spray medium in the supply systems 13 and 17, respectively.

The first supply system 13 and the second supply system 17 are connected upstream of these valve sets 24m and 24s to the same supply source (not shown). That is, supply pipes 25 and 26 are connected to supply sources such as tanks that separately store fuel and atomizing medium, respectively, and these supply pipes 25 and 26 are connected to the valve sets 24m and 24m, respectively.
Two first supply systems 13 each on the upstream side of 24s
and a second supply system 17, and these supply systems 13 and 17 are configured to supply fuel and atomizing medium independently.

On the other hand, a spark plug 27 is provided near the burner throat 18 for igniting the fuel injected from the sub-nozzles 11 of the sub-burner chip 5. The spark plug 27 is supported by a rod 28 that penetrates the boiler casing 1 and is movable along the axial direction thereof, and is connected to a spark generating transformer 29 that is provided outside the boiler casing 1.
Further, the rod 28 is connected via a link to an operating means 30 such as a hydraulic cylinder supported by the boiler casing 1, and is configured to cause the spark plug 27 to reciprocate.

The jacket tube 3 is also provided with similar actuation means.

Furthermore, the burner tips 4 and 5 are also configured to be movable relative to each other along their axial directions, so that their mutual positional relationship can be adjusted.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, when operating the boiler, the rod 28 is actuated to advance the spark plug 27 to the ignition position, and the jacket tube 3 is advanced so that the main burner tip 4 and the auxiliary burner tip 5 are also moved to a predetermined position. Advance to combustion position. In this case, replace the secondary burner tip 5 with the main burner tip 4.
Let it protrude slightly further forward.

Next, the valve set 24s of the second supply system 17 is opened to supply fuel such as heavy oil and atomizing medium such as air or steam to the sub-burner chip 5 to inject the fuel, and at the same time, voltage is applied to the spark generating transformer 29. The spark plug 27 generates a spark. In this case, the amount of injection from the sub-burner chip 5 is small because the diameter of the sub-nozzle 11 is small, and even combustion fuel such as heavy oil can be directly and easily ignited by a spark, making it possible to ignite it at the sub-burner chip 5. becomes. That is, if the auxiliary burner chip 5 that injects combustion fuel can be directly ignited, the ignition burner that conventionally ignited the burner indirectly can be abolished. After ignition, the auxiliary burner chip 5 forms a combustion flame, similar to the main burner chip 4, and can be used for boiler operation. In addition, since the secondary burner chip 5 injects combustion fuel such as heavy oil, the main burner chip 4
can be connected to the same source as the Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the ancillary equipment required for the conventional ignition burner to utilize light oil, thereby achieving simplification of the device and cost reduction.

Furthermore, the auxiliary burner tip 5 can be coaxially disposed at the center C of the burner throat 18 with the annularly formed main burner tip 4. Therefore, the flame can be prevented from being blown away by the combustion air flow flowing into the burner throat 18, and the main burner chip 4 can be ignited stably and reliably.

In this way, the sub-nozzle 11 of the sub-burner tip 5
When the injected fuel is ignited and a combustion flame is formed, the spark plug 27 is then retracted by the rod 28 to prevent burnout.

Thereafter, if a small injection amount is sufficient, fuel is continuously injected only from the sub-nozzle ports 11... to maintain the combustion flame. At this time, the second supply system 17
The combustion amount is adjusted according to the boiler load only by the valve set 24s.

After that, when the boiler load increases, the valve set 24m of the first supply system 13 is opened, and the main burner chip 4 is supplied with fuel and atomizing medium, and the fuel is injected from the main injection ports 8. The fuel from the main nozzle holes 8 is ignited by the flame of the auxiliary burner chip 5. Since the main injection ports 8 are formed to have a larger diameter than the sub injection ports 11, more fuel is injected and sufficient fuel is injected for a large boiler load. The injection quantity of this main burner tip 4 is controlled by a valve set 24m of the first supply system 13. When combustion by the main burner chip 4 has started and combustion by the auxiliary burner chip 5 is no longer necessary, the valve set 24s is closed. Alternatively, both the valve sets 24m and 24s may be opened so that both burner tips 4 and 5 form a combustion flame.

With this configuration, it is possible to achieve the combustion amount adjustment by the auxiliary burner chip 5 and the combustion amount adjustment by the main burner chip 4, making it possible to adjust the combustion amount as widely as possible in response to the boiler load. It is possible to increase the degree of freedom in its control and form an appropriate combustion flame.

[Effect of idea]

In summary, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) By providing a large-diameter main nozzle and a small-diameter auxiliary nozzle and connecting these with independent supply systems, it is possible to expand the control range of the fuel injection amount, and expand the range of combustion amount adjustment. The combustion flame can be formed according to the boiler load.

(2) It is possible to directly ignite combustion fuel such as heavy oil injected from a small diameter sub-nozzle, and it is possible to eliminate an ignition burner that only has an ignition function.

(3) Direct ignition can be achieved by supplying combustion fuel such as heavy oil to the sub-nozzle, eliminating the need for an ignition burner.
The sub-nozzle can be connected to the same supply source as the main nozzle, and additional equipment such as an ignition burner can be eliminated, making it possible to simplify the device and reduce costs.

(4) Since the main burner tip is formed into an annular shape and the sub-burner tip is provided inside thereof, the flame of the sub-burner tip is stabilized by suppressing it from being blown away by the combustion air flow near the burner throat. This makes it possible to improve the ignitability of the main burner chip.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a conventional example, Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the supply pressure to the burner and the fuel injection amount in the conventional case, and Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. , FIG. 4 is an enlarged side sectional view of part A in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged side sectional view of the main part showing the vicinity of the sub-burner tip employed in the present invention. In the figure, 4 is a main burner chip, 5 is a sub-burner chip, 8 is a main nozzle, 11 is a sub-nozzle, 13 is a first supply system, and 17 is a second supply system.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a burner having a burner chip for injecting supplied fuel such as heavy oil using an atomizing medium, the main burner chip is formed in an annular shape, a main nozzle with a large diameter is provided in the main burner chip, and the inner part of the annular main burner chip is A sub-burner chip is provided in the sub-burner chip, a sub-nozzle with a small diameter is provided in the sub-burner chip, and a supply system is connected to each burner chip in order to independently supply fuel and atomizing medium from the same supply source. Features a burner.