JPH01203709A - Spring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide negative or constant load characteristics throughout a whole moving range and to enlarge an application range, by a method wherein a spring device is provided with a spring, an actuating range limit member for a spring, a moving member between the limit members, and an auxiliary spring on which a load is exerted in the middle of movement of the moving member, and the one of the limit and the moving member is formed with a magnet. CONSTITUTION:A spring 1 is mounted to a limit member 2 formed with a spring support seat 6 making contact with a base 5 on the stationary side, a shaft 7, and a stopper plate 8. A moving member 3 is formed with a head part 9 which is coupled to a pressurizing body 13 and in which the stopper plate 8 is inserted and a leg part 10A magnet 11 of a permanent magnet is mounted between the inner and outer pipes of the leng part 10, and a magnetic force attraction force is exerted between the moving and the limit members 3 and 2. An auxiliary spring 4 having height lower than that of the head part 9 is securely engaged with a boss part 14 on the upper surface of the stopper plate 8. This constitution provides negative or constant load characteristics throughout the whole moving range of the moving member 3, and the enables variation of a characteristics curve pattern and enlargement of an application range.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a spring device that embodies properties other than the positive properties of a spring.

[Prior art and its problems] Generally, the relationship between spring load and deflection is expressed by a spring constant. With some exceptions, this spring constant has a positive characteristic in that as the deflection increases, the load also increases, and springs are assembled into various industrial equipment by taking advantage of this positive characteristic. The negative characteristic, that is, the characteristic that the load decreases as the deflection increases, cannot be obtained by a spring alone, and it has been impossible to embody the negative characteristic and put it to industrial use. However, in disc springs or springs with snap action, negative characteristics occur within a very limited range of the entire operating stroke, but this range is not only extremely narrow, but also when used beyond this range. Since the spring will not return to its original position, it cannot be used for practical use on the side sole.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a novel spring device that embodies characteristics other than the positive characteristics of the spring over the entire operating range of the spring, and can effectively utilize these characteristics in a wide range of fields. purpose.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention combines a spring and a magnet to realize characteristics other than positive characteristics. comprising a limiting member that limits, a moving member that moves between the limiting members, and an auxiliary spring that receives a load from the member during movement of the moving member, and at least one of the limiting member or the moving member. is characterized by being made of a magnet. Here, the characteristics other than the positive characteristics of the spring refer to a negative characteristic in which the load decreases as the deflection increases, and a constant load characteristic in which the load remains constant even if the deflection increases.

[Function] According to the above configuration, a magnetic attraction force acts between the limiting member and the moving member, and this magnetic attraction force and the load for the deflection of the spring are combined, so that the entire device has positive characteristics. Operates with characteristics other than

During the movement of the movable member, the auxiliary spring receives a load separately from the spring and is added to the load of the spring, so that the characteristics of the entire device can be adjusted.

[Example code] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In addition, in the description of the drawings, the same elements are given the same reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a spring 1 made of a compression spring, a limiting member 2, a moving member 3,
A spring device is constituted by the auxiliary spring 4. The spring 1 is wound at a constant pitch and attached to the limiting member 2. The limiting member 2 is attached to the fixed side base 5, and the spring receiver is a seat 6, the spring receiver is an integrally formed shaft 7 extending upward from the approximate center of the seat 6, and the upper end of the shaft 7. It consists of a stopper plate 8 screwed onto the part. The spring l is attached to the shaft 7 of this limiting member 2.
The lower end of the spring receiver is supported by the seat 6, and the upward movement of the moving member 3, which will be described later, is restricted by the stopper plate 8, so that the spring 1 is supported by the seat 6 and the stopper plate. 8 limits the operating range. The moving member 3 has a head 9 and a leg 1o, and the head 9 has an upper end closed and a stopper plate 8 of the limiting member 2 inserted into the lower end, so that the head 9 has a hollow shape. It has a rectangular box shape. The auxiliary spring 4 is attached to the upper surface of the stopper plate 8 so that it is disposed within the head 9. The leg portion 1o of the moving member 3 has a double structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube, and is connected vertically from the lower end of the head 9. A cylindrical magnet 1 made of a permanent magnet is placed between the inner tube and the outer tube of the leg portion 10.
1 is attached. Shaft 7 of the limiting member 2
is loosely inserted into the inner tube of the leg 10, while the outer tube of the leg 10 is inserted into the spring 1. In addition, the leg portion 10
On the other hand, the head 9 has a large diameter, and a step 12 is formed at the boundary between these parts, expanding outward, and the upper end of the spring 1 is in contact with this step 12. This not only limits the operating range of the spring 1 described above, but also connects the upper end surface of the movable member 3 to the pressurizing body 13, and when a load is applied by the pressurizing body 13, the movable member 3 It is adapted to move along the shaft 7 against the auxiliary force. In contrast to the moving member 3 having such a magnet 11, the entire limiting member 2 or at least the stopper plate 8 and the spring receiver seat 6 are formed of a magnetic material. Therefore,
A magnetic attraction force acts between the moving member 3 and the limiting member 2. The auxiliary spring 4 attached to the stopper plate 8 of the limiting member 2 is made of a compression spring, and its lower part is fitted and fixed to the boss portion 14 on the upper surface of the stopper plate 8.

This auxiliary spring 4 is provided to be located within the head 9 of the moving member 3, but its length is smaller than the height of the head, and in the initial state shown in FIG. A predetermined space is formed between the portion 9 and the portion 9, and these are in a non-contact state. Therefore, at the beginning of the movement of the moving member 3, no load is applied to the auxiliary spring 4, but when the lower surface of the head 9 comes into contact with the auxiliary spring 4 as the moving member 9 moves, the auxiliary spring 4 receives no load from this point on. The amount of deflection of the auxiliary spring 4 is added to the amount of deflection of the spring 1, and the reaction force increases. In this case, the spring constant of the auxiliary spring 4 is appropriately selected depending on the industrial equipment to which the present device is applied so as to obtain the operation described below.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

Generally, the magnetic attraction force of the magnet 11 acting on the stopper plate 8 and the spring bearing seat 6 made of a magnetic material is inversely proportional to the distance between the magnetic materials 8, 6 and the magnet 11. Further, the amount of deflection of the compression spring 1 increases or decreases in proportion to the load from the pressurizing body 13, and as the amount of deflection increases, the biasing force (that is, restoring force) opposing the load increases. Figure 2 shows these characteristic diagrams. Characteristic curve A is a deflection-load curve that combines compression spring 1 and auxiliary spring 4, and characteristic curve A, which has a slope or spring constant (positive), The reason why the gradient changes in two steps at the 88th point is that before the 80th point, it is only due to the biasing force of the compression spring 1, but at the 81st point, the force of the moving member 3
comes into contact with the auxiliary spring 4, after which the auxiliary spring 4 is deflected,
This is because the biasing force of the auxiliary spring 4 is added due to this deflection. Characteristic curve B shows the magnet 1 acting on the stopper plate 8.
The magnetic attraction force curve of No. 1, characteristic curve C, is the magnetic attraction force curve of the magnet 11 acting on the spring bearing seat 6. This magnet 11 is inserted into the compression spring 1 and provided within its action range, so when the compression spring 1 is deflected, the distance between the stopper plate 8 and the magnet 11 increases by the same amount, and the spring holder is The distance between the seat 6 and the magnet 11 is reduced. Therefore, the amount of deflection of the spring on the horizontal axis is at the same time
and the distance from the magnet 11. In this embodiment, the magnetic body 6.8 is provided in the coil length direction of the compression spring 1 and the auxiliary spring 4, so that the load for the deflection of the compression spring and the auxiliary spring 4 and the magnetic attraction force of the magnet 11 are equal to each other. The characteristic curve obtained by combining these loads and the magnetic attraction force is the deflection-load curve of the spring device of this embodiment. Further analysis of the characteristic curve shows that in the initial state where no pressing force is applied by the pressurizing body 13, the amount of deflection of the compression spring 1 is "0", and in this state, the magnet 11 is at the uppermost position, and the spring receiver is at the seat 6. Since the distance between them is maximum, the magnetic attraction force between them is also "0". Therefore, in the initial state, only the magnetic attraction force between the magnet 11 and the stopper plate 8 is effective for the entire device. Next, when the pressurizing body 13 is pressurized, a downward external force acts on the movable member 3, which causes the compression spring 1 to bend and the spring load increases along the characteristic curve A, and the magnet 11 and the stopper plate 8 increases, the magnetic attraction between them decreases along characteristic curve B. On the other hand, as the moving member 3 approaches the spring receiver and the seat 6, the distance between the magnet 11 and the spring receiver and the seat 6 decreases, so that the magnetic attractive force between them increases along the characteristic curve C. Since the magnetic attraction force acting on this distance is in the same direction as the pressing direction, the pressing force applied to the device is reduced. Therefore, the characteristic curve 63 portion of the entire device falls and exhibits a so-called negative characteristic.If the pressurization is continued further, the moving member 3
The head 9 of comes into contact with the auxiliary spring 4 (point a), and the auxiliary spring 4 is deflected. Due to this deflection, the spring load of the auxiliary spring 4 is added to the spring load of the compression spring 1, so that the overall spring The slope of the load increases. Therefore, the characteristic curve of the entire device to which the magnetic attraction force is applied temporarily increases at the 83rd point, exhibiting a so-called positive characteristic, but as the moving member 3 moves further, the magnet 11 and the spring holder are seated. When the distance between the magnet 11 and the seat 6 becomes smaller, the magnetic attraction force between the magnet 11 and the seat 6 increases rapidly with respect to the combined spring load of the compression spring 1 and the auxiliary spring 4. Therefore, the characteristic curve descends from the maximum point d2, and the device as a whole has negative characteristics.

FIG. 3 shows a modification in which a compression spring having nonlinear spring characteristics is used as the auxiliary spring 4. In this case, when the moving member 3 acts on the auxiliary spring 4, the spring load increases in a curved manner from the 81st point, and after the 81st point, it shows a constant load characteristic (D curve) with respect to the increase in deflection, and the entire device The characteristic curve shows a negative characteristic as shown in the figure.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment as well, a compression spring is used as the auxiliary spring 4, and the auxiliary spring 4 is supported by the spring receiver of the limiting member 2 on the seat 6. . This auxiliary spring 4 is shorter than the spring 1, and the part where the auxiliary spring 4 is installed has a double spring structure. In this case, the auxiliary spring 4 is wound with a larger diameter than the spring 1, and when the step portion 12 of the movable member 3 comes into contact with the auxiliary spring 4 due to the movement of the moving member 3, a load is generated on the auxiliary spring 4. Therefore, in this embodiment, the characteristic curve of the entire device is similar to that in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which a disc spring 15 is used as an auxiliary spring, and as shown in the figure, The spring bearing of the limiting member 2 of the disc spring 15 is provided on the seat 6.

Further, a receiving plate 16 is attached to the lower part of the limiting member 2, and the spring receiver of the disc spring 15 is sandwiched between the seat 6 and the receiving plate 16.

The receiving plate 16 is configured to support the lower end portion of the spring 1. In such a structure, the spring 1 is deflected by the movement of the movable member 3, and this deflection increases the load on the spring 1, but the disk spring 15 does not deflect until the load becomes large enough to deflect the disk spring 15. It has become.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways. For example, the stopper plate and the splash plate of the limiting member may be made of magnets, and the movable member may be made of a magnetic material.

Alternatively, a tension spring may be used as the auxiliary spring, and this tension spring may be passed between the moving member and the pressurizing body.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3, by increasing the distance between the stopper plate and the magnet when the movable member is at the upper limit position and decreasing the magnetic attraction force acting therebetween, a wide range of constant load characteristics can be achieved. can play.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention combines the spring load with respect to deflection and the magnetic attraction force acting between the moving member and the limiting member, so that the device as a whole has characteristics other than positive characteristics. Since it embodies this, it is possible to obtain negative characteristics or constant load characteristics over the entire movement range of the moving member.

Moreover, since an auxiliary spring is used, the pattern of its characteristic curve can be changed as appropriate, and the spring device can be made to exhibit characteristics other than positive characteristics, which has a wide range of applications. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing its deflection-load characteristic, Fig. 3 is a deflection-load characteristic diagram according to a modification of the first embodiment, and Fig. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the deflection-load characteristic. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the third embodiment. 1... Spring (compression spring), 2-... Limiting member, 3...
- Moving member, 4... Auxiliary spring (compression spring), 11...
・Magnet, 15...Auxiliary spring (disc spring) Patent applicant NHK Spring Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Hide Sato (1977)

Claims (1)

[Claims] It comprises a spring, a limiting member that limits the operating range of the spring, a moving member that moves between the limiting members, and an auxiliary spring that receives a load from the member during the movement of the moving member, and at least the above-mentioned A spring device characterized in that either the limiting member or the moving member is made of a magnet.