JPH01187224A - Simple pile driver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit a simple pile driver to be used even in small or bad working environments by using a simple and low-cost pile driver using an oil-pressure cylinder such as one used in shovel-based construction machines. CONSTITUTION:An adequate number of fixed pulleys 2 are provided in the neighborhood of the cylinder 32 of an oil-pressure cylinder 3, and an adequate number of mobile pulleys 1 to be approached by or separated from the pulleys 2 by moving with expanding and contracting actions are provided to the tip of a ram 31. A rope 4 whose one end is fixed is alternately laid between the pulleys 1 and 2 and the other end of the rope 4 is connected to a Monken 5 to be guided by a leader 6 through a guide pulley 1 above the leader 6 supported by a boom 91. The cylinder 3 may also be attached to the boom 9 and the pulleys 1 may be attached to the swing arm of the boom 91. The pile can thus be simple driven without use of winch type or special machine.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Object of the Invention) The present invention is directed to a new structure of a pile driving device required for pile driving work employed to increase the bearing capacity of soil in civil engineering and construction works. In particular, the present invention aims to provide a simple pile driving device that is characterized by a structural part that causes the vertical movement of the pile driver.

(Prior Art) Pile driving work in civil engineering and construction work is an extremely important work for stabilizing buildings and realizing safe and robust buildings over a long period of time. This piling work is
There was a time when pile-driving was done manually by a large number of laborers, but now most of it is carried out using specialized pile-driving machines.

Pile driving machines include those using drop hammers, air hammers, diesel hammers, vibrating pile drivers, etc. All of these machines are carried out by constructing fairly high towers, and the towers themselves are mounted on trucks, tall rollers, etc. Many of them are self-propelled by being mounted on vehicles, etc., and most of them are large and difficult to turn, making them difficult to use in places with poor working environments, as well as types that can be used with other working machines. First of all, they are male, and most of them are special-purpose machines and are expensive.Normally, unless the company is a large-scale construction company, they do not have this special-purpose machine in-house, and in most cases, The reality is that the work is outsourced to specialized piling companies, or more recently, it has been rented from leasing companies.

However, for example, when driving piles to strengthen the ground for installing U-shaped ditches for agricultural water canals or to strengthen the basic financial strength of small-scale buildings, large specialized pile drivers have not been used until now. Not only does this cause economic problems, as it is not profitable to use such specialized machines, but the working environment is not suitable for the use of these specialized machines, and it often becomes impossible to use them. Become. As a result, if it is unavoidable, it becomes necessary to erect a tower and drive piles manually, as in the past, resulting in a significant drop in work efficiency. .

In view of the current situation regarding such pile driving work, this invention has been developed by using excavator-type construction machines (e.g., power shovels, backhoes, etc.) that are usually owned by ordinary-sized construction companies, and those mounted on trucks. We have been working on the development and research of a device that can perform pile driving work using a boom such as a lifting and turning device (for example, a device called ``Unitsuku'' under the trade name) used in piles, and we have finally completed our research, which is detailed below. They succeeded in completing a simple pile driving device that does just that.

(Structure of the Invention) As clearly understood from the representative embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, the simple pile driving device of the present invention basically operates a movable pulley 1, a fixed pulley 2, and a movable pulley 1. Hydraulic cylinder 3 (double-sided hydraulic jack, the same applies hereinafter), low 14,
It is composed of a monitor 5 and a leader 6, and a hook 7, a winch 8, and a hoisting row 181 are combined with these, and has the following structure.

That is, the fixed pulley 2 installed on the base side of the hydraulic cylinder 3
and a movable pulley 1 that moves with the expansion and contraction of the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and can change the distance from the fixed pulley 2, and one end is fixed between the two pulleys 1 and 2. After alternating the ropes 14, the other end of the ropes 4 is guided to the guide pulley 41 above the leader 6, which is supported by the boom 91 of the traveling vehicle body 9.
This is a simple pile driving device connected to a Monken 5 guided by a leader 6.

The configuration will be explained in more detail below based on some representative embodiments shown in the drawings.

(Embodiment B 1) First, a typical example shown in the side view in FIG. 1, the front view in FIG. 2, and the back view in FIG. 3 will be explained. , a Monkey 5 of an appropriate weight is assembled so as to be able to move up and down, the base of a hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed at a suitable position on the rear side, and its ram 31 is installed along the leader 6. As in the embodiment, the ram 31 is equipped with a sleeve 33 near its tip in order to prevent wobbling and curved deformation during its expansion and contraction operations.
It is advantageous to fit the guide post 34 loosely so as to correctly guide the movement of the tip of the ram 31.

The fixed pulleys 2 are installed near the cylinder 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the number of fixed pulleys 2 corresponding to the number of movable pulleys 1 is arranged in parallel.

A plurality of movable pulleys 1 are arranged in parallel at the tip of the ram 31 (at least a number corresponding to the required vertical movement width of the adjustable lever 5 divided by the stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder 3), and a movable pulley 1 is arranged in parallel at the tip of the ram 31. 1 sequentially and alternately from one side
Row 14 of the book will be passed over.

One end of the row 14 is fixed, and the other end is sequentially and alternately spanned between the movable pulley 1 and the fixed pulley 2 as described above, and also has a guide pulley 41 installed above the leader 6. It is turned back to the front side of the reader 6 and connected to the monitor 5 which is loosely fitted into the reader 6. The leader 6 is made of a strong steel material with a length longer than the length of the pile to be driven, and guide rails 61, 61 for loosely fitting the Monken 5 are attached to both sides, and above the guide rails 61, 61, in this case, the leader A pair of left and right guide pulleys 4 directly on the upper end of 6.
1.41 is installed, and the row 1 guided from the fixed pulley 2
After crossing 4, guide and connect to Monken 5.

In the figure, reference numerals 62 and 63 indicate a connection portion to the tip of the boom 91 of an excavator-type construction machine, for example, a backhoe, from which the dipper is removed.

(Embodiment 62) In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above, the base of the hydraulic cylinder 3 that moves the movable pulley 1 is installed on the back side of the slider 6. 3 is a boom 91 of an excavator-type construction machine 9 that supports the leader 6, or a lifting and turning device mounted on a truck (for example,
It is also possible to form it on the boom 91 of the device 9 (trade name: ``UNIQ'').

In the case of this example, the fixed pulley 2 is also installed on the boom 91 side, and is combined with the movable pulley 1 attached to the tip of the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3.

In the first embodiment, after removing the shovel or date par of the excavator-type construction machine, the connector 6 of the leader 6 is removed.
A pile driving device can be realized just by connecting 2.63, but
In the case of this embodiment, it is necessary to replace the entire boom with a boom incorporating this pile driving device.

(Embodiment 3) Embodiments 1 and 2 described above mainly showed configurations due to differences in the installation locations of the hydraulic cylinder 3, but the following embodiment shows the structure of the hydraulic cylinder 3 relative to the ram 31. This is an example of a combination structure of the movable pulley 1 having characteristics.

First, to explain the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, this movable pulley 1 is an example of a structure that is attached directly to the tip of the ram 31, and it moves in the same way as the ram 31 expands and contracts. become. As a result, cylinder 3 of hydraulic cylinder 3
The reciprocating distance with the fixed pulley 2 installed near 2 is the stroke length of the ram 31 itself.

(Embodiment 4) As can be understood from the example shown in the side view of FIG. 4, in this example, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed to the boom 91 of the lifting and turning device 9. The movable pulley 1 is not directly attached to the ram 31, but is attached to the upper end of the swing arm 35 which is attached to the shaft 36 so as to be able to rotate within a predetermined range.
The tip of the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is pivoted 37 at a proper position from the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 3.

The position of the pivoting portion 36 of the swing arm 35 is determined depending on the length of the swing arm 35, its rotation range, the installation location of the fixed pulley 2 installed near the rear end of the boom 91, and the length of the boom 91 itself. may be selected appropriately.

As in the illustrated example, in the case of the lifting and turning device 9, the hydraulic cylinder 3 fixed to the boom 91 does not have a jack built into the boom 91, so a separate hydraulic cylinder must be prepared for that purpose. In the case of a power shovel, although there is no jack on the upper end side of the boom 91, the shovel jack built into the removed working arm is removed and used as the hydraulic cylinder 3 for this swing arm. In addition, if it is a backhoe, it can be used by itself because it is already incorporated into the boom 91 as a dipper arm jack.

In the case of this device, as the tip of the ram 31 expands and contracts, the swing arm 35 rotates within a predetermined range in a vertical plane along the axis of the boom 91, with the pivot 36 as the rotation axis. (It may be rotated within a range of around 50 degrees), and the movable pulley 1 attached to the upper end of the swing arm 35 realizes a movement with a width larger than the stroke length of the ram 31.

In the figure, 92 is a telescoping arm, and in the case of a lifting and turning device, for example, UNITKU (trade name), the boom 92 is already attached.
Since a multi-stage telescoping arm is built into itself, it can be used as is for the telescoping arm 92.
In the case of excavator-type construction machinery such as power shovels and backhoes, the working arm, for example, the shovel arm for a power shovel and the day spa arm for a backhoe, is usually pivotally attached to the tip of the boom. is removed from the tip of the boom 91, and the telescopic arm 92 is formed by processing to appropriately incorporate the telescopic arm into that part,
Either use the hydraulic cylinder that operated the work arm that was removed earlier as the operating jack for the telescopic arm 3 (in the case of a power shovel), or remove the hydraulic cylinder that was incorporated in the arm that was removed from the arm. Then, reinstall it on the underside of the boom 1 and use it as an operating jack for the telescopic arm 3 (in the case of a backhoe).

Further, 93 is formed at the tip of the telescoping arm 92,
A flexible support part that supports the leader 6 in a freely angular manner is shown.

In each of the embodiments described above, both the movable pulley 1 and the fixed pulley 2 can be expanded to a plurality of numbers, and the number of pulleys can be selected and installed as appropriate. However, for example, each shaft member 11, 21 of movable pulley 1, 1... and fixed pulley 2, 2... A removably attached structure may be adopted, in which a required number of pulleys 1 or 2 are inserted into the shaft member 11 or 21, and then fixed with an appropriate fixing ring.

If this structure is adopted, one of the hydraulic cylinders 3
The height of the vertical movement of the monitor 5 due to the expansion and contraction movement per turn can be freely adjusted, which is extremely convenient.

(Other Related Inventions) The simple pile driving device of the present invention realized by each of the embodiments described above becomes even more advantageous when a structure for lifting the pile P is provided in parallel. Become. An example thereof is also shown in the side view of FIG. 4, which is illustrated as Embodiment 4.

That is, at the tip of the boom 91, a hoisting row 181 that can be freely wound by the winch 8 is attached to the hook guide pulley 82.
This is a simple pile driving device that is connected to a hook 7 via a.

In this embodiment, the hook guide pulley 82 is installed directly at the tip of the boom 91, but its installation location is not particularly limited. However, the optimum location may be selected as appropriate depending on the lifting work of the pile P.

Each of the above embodiments has been explained using an example in which the boom of an existing excavator-type construction machine is modified, but it goes without saying that it can also be formed into an independent device exclusively used as an attachment for these excavator-type construction machines. However, it is of course possible to form it into something that can be used by replacing the existing boom and its entirety when necessary.

The simple pile driving device of the present invention having the above-described structure folds the leader 6 along the boom 91, and in the case of a boom 91 equipped with a telescoping arm 92, the telescoping arm 92 is also retracted. , and the angle of the boom 91 is adjusted so as not to interfere with traveling, and the traveling vehicle body 9 is driven to the piling site, and when it arrives at the piling site, the angle of the boom 91 is raised, and the telescopic arm 92 is adjusted.
In the case of a type having a piling position, the extensible arm 92 is extended to the required length and the leader 6 is fixed to the piling location so as to be substantially perpendicular.

This fixation of the leader 6 can be easily achieved by operating a boom jack 94 that adjusts the vertical angle of the boom 91 to partially embed the lower end of the leader 6 in the ground.

The verticality of the loader 6 can be maintained by adjusting the vertical angle and rotation of the boom 91, and also by adjusting the angle of the boom 91 in the vertical direction and rotating the boom 91.
2, this can be easily carried out by also adjusting the center a of the telescoping arm 92.

After completing the installation of reader 6, -f4AZ
is fixed, and the middle part is already movable pulley 1. The other end of one rope 4, which is alternately strung around fixed pulleys 2, passes through a guide pulley 41 and is extended and locked to a connecting ring 5 loosely fitted to a leader 6.

On the other hand, the pile P is lifted up and moved along the leader 6, and the cap 6 whose head is loosely fitted to the leader 6
4 to make it stand alone.

In the case of a device in which a winch 8, a hoisting rope 81, and a hook 7 are installed in parallel, the lifting work of the pile P is performed by operating the winch 8, hoisting rope 81, and hook 7.

Thereafter, when the operating handle of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is operated in the cab of the traveling vehicle body 9 to intermittently extend and retract the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3, the distance between the movable pulley 1 and the fixed pulley 2 is increased or decreased. Therefore, the row 14 that spans between both pulleys 1 and 2 expands and contracts, causing the Monken 5 to move up and down along the leader 6, and when it descends, it collides with the head of the pile P, pushing the pile P to the ground. It will be pushed inside.

(Operations and Effects) The simple pile driving device of the present invention configured as described above has the following features.

First of all, the structure for operating Monken 5 is not the conventional winch method, but uses the expansion and contraction movement of the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3, which is always installed in excavator type construction machinery, and the stroke is controlled by a movable pulley. 1 and periodic pulley 2 to amplify the desired size many times over (the length required for driving the pile). In this case, it is possible to use the excavator-type construction machinery that you already own, and there is no need to purchase or lease a special piling machine, making it possible to carry out piling work with economical and simple operation. become. In particular, the piling device of the present invention, which has a relatively short pile P and is easy to move and has a small turning radius, is suitable for piling in places with poor working environments.
It will demonstrate its power to a great extent.

Second, the system using the hydraulic cylinder 3 has fewer failures compared to the previous system using a winch, and even if the weight of the Monken 5 increases, it has sufficient capacity each time like a winch. Most excavator-type construction machines are pre-designed to be able to exert a considerable amount of force, despite the inconvenience that the motor may heat up and break if not used. In the method of the present invention that uses the hydraulic cylinder 3, there is almost no need for such unnecessary consideration, and moreover, as long as the number of pulleys 1.2 is selected appropriately, A single expansion/contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 3 can move the MONKEN 5 up and down over a range many times larger, making pile driving much more efficient and effortless than when the winch is operated at full speed. It has the outstanding feature of being able to

Thirdly, the hydraulic cylinder 3 can have a structure fixed to the back side of the leader 6, and in the case of this structure, it is only necessary to form an attachment part to the boom 91 at a suitable place on the leader 6. This has the advantage that it can be manufactured and sold as a complete attachment that does not require any modification to the equivalent construction machine. If you want to fix it to the side of the boom 91 that is planted, you will have to modify the boom 91 itself, but
Since the boom 91 is normally formed to be robust, the leader 6 does not need to be formed to be strong as in the case where the boom 91 is fixed to the leader 6, and the leader 6 is simple enough to simply serve as a guide for the Monken Ken 5. The advantage is that it can be done with

Fourth, the movable pulley 1 is directly connected to the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3.
In addition to being able to be attached to the tip, it can also be attached to the upper end of the swing arm 35, and the tip of the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 can be pivoted 37 at a suitable location near the upper end of the swing arm 35. In the case of the former structure, , the structure itself can be formed into a simple and inexpensive one; in the latter case, although the structure is somewhat complicated, the perspective width of the movable pulley 1 with respect to the fixed pulley 2 can be made smaller than one stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder 3. It becomes possible to increase the size, which guarantees efficient piling work, and reduces the risk of bending and deforming the ram 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 itself, resulting in an advantageous structure for the hydraulic cylinder 3. will occur.

As mentioned above, the simple pile driving device of this invention can be used for air hammers, diesel hammers, and vibrating pile driving.

This is natural when compared to large machines such as the 1990s, which are used only as special-purpose machines, or when compared to conventional machines that require the use of a winch even though they have a single-type drop hammer. However, it is an extremely simple and efficient pile driving device, and although it is possible to drive long piles with a larger device, it is particularly uneconomical to use conventional specialized machines. Moreover, it has a great feature in that it is suitable for use in small-scale places where it is impossible to use it in some cases and in places with poor working environments.

In particular, the feature that it can be used in combination with excavator-type construction machinery, which most ordinary construction companies own, is an extremely advantageous condition for construction companies that require a large number of machines. Given these excellent features, it is expected that it will be widely used as a pile driving device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show some representative embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a front view of the same, FIG. 3 is a rear view of the same, and FIG. 5 is an overall side view of another embodiment, FIG. 5 is an overall side view of still another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a plan view thereof. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Moving pulley, 11... Coaxial rod, 12... Supporting side plate, 13... Fixed ring, 2... Fixed pulley, 21
... Coaxial rod, 22 ... Supporting side plate, 23 ... Fixing ring, 3 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 31 ... Same ram, 32 ... Same cylinder, 33 ... Same sleeve, 3
4... The same guide post, 35... The same swing arm, 36. 37... The same shaft attachment part, 38... The same hydraulic hose, 4... The rope, 41... The same guide pulley, 42...・
・Same rope position correction pulley, 5... Monken, 6...
Leader, 61...Same guide rail, 62.63...
Attachment part, 7... Hook, 8... Winch, 81.
...The same hoisting rope, 9...Traveling vehicle body, 91...
The same boom, 92... The same extendable arm, 93... The same flexible support part, 94... The same leader support cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Consists of a combination of a fixed pulley installed on the base side of a hydraulic cylinder and a movable pulley that moves with the expansion and contraction of the ram of the hydraulic cylinder and can change the distance from the fixed pulley. , After one rope with one end fixed is alternately strung between both pulleys, the other end of the rope is guided to a guide pulley above the leader which is supported by the boom of the traveling vehicle body. , a simple pile driving device connected to a Monken guided by a leader. 2. Consists of a combination of a fixed pulley installed on the base side of the hydraulic cylinder and a movable pulley that moves with the expansion and contraction of the ram of the hydraulic cylinder and can change the distance from the fixed pulley, and between the two pulleys, After one rope with one end fixed is stretched alternately, the other end of the rope is guided to a guide pulley above the leader, which is supported by the boom of the traveling vehicle, and then guided by the leader. A simple pile driving device that is connected to a pile-lifting hook and connected to a hook for lifting a pile via a hook guide pulley installed at the upper end of a leader with a hoisting rope that can be freely wound by a winch. 3. The simple pile driving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hydraulic cylinder for moving the movable pulley is incorporated in a proper position on the rear side of the leader. 4. The simple pile driving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic cylinder that moves the movable pulley is incorporated into the boom that supports the leader. 5. The simple pile driving device according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the movable pulley is directly attached to the tip of the ram of the hydraulic cylinder. 6. Claims 1 to 4, in which the movable pulley is attached to the upper end of a swing arm that is pivoted at a suitable position on a leader or boom, and the ram tip of a hydraulic cylinder is pivoted at a suitable position near the upper end of the swing arm. Simple pile driving device as described in section. 7. Both movable pulleys and fixed pulleys can be added to multiple numbers, and by selecting and installing the appropriate number of pulleys,
7. The simple pile driving device according to claim 1, wherein the vertical movement height of the pile can be freely adjusted by the expansion and contraction movement of the hydraulic cylinder once.