JPH01184043A - Spiral milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the grain size and shapes of milled products, by making projections radially ranging to the circumferences on the milling surfaces of a mantel and a concave and setting wings on the upper part of the outer circumference of the mantle to decline backwards and downwards to the rotating direction of the mantle on operation. CONSTITUTION:On the milling surfaces of a mantle 10 and/or a concave 4, projections 19 and 20 ranging to the circumference are formed and wings which decline backwards and downwards to the rotating direction of the mantle 10 in operation are set on the upper part of the outer circumference of the mantle. As a result, materials to be milled are moved firmly even when a milling room is highly filled with the materials and even in the case that the declining angle of the mantle is small, milling is carried out without lowering of milling ability by making eccentric throw small, and milling objects with small bulk specific density are treated economically. Further, since the material suffers compounded actions such as compressing, bending, and tearing, the grain size and shapes of milled products are improved remarkably.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rotary crusher such as a cone crusher or a gyratory crusher.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of rotary crusher has a crushing chamber formed by a mantle and a cone cave, and is configured as shown in FIG. 7, for example.

In FIG. 7, an upper frame 1 is connected to the upper part of a lower frame 2 placed on a pedestal (not shown). An artificial hopper 3 is provided at the top of the upper frame 1, which serves as an entrance for materials to be crushed such as ore and rocks. A truncated cone-shaped cone cave 4 is attached.

On the other hand, a sleeve 6 having an eccentric shaft hole 5 is rotatably fitted into the boss 2a of the lower frame 2, and a main shaft 7 is rotatably inserted into the eccentric shaft hole 5 of the sleeve 6. The lower end of the main shaft 7 is supported by a lower bearing (not shown) such as a thrust bearing. The upper end of the main shaft 7 is supported by an upper bearing 8 such as a radial spherical bearing, and the upper bearing 8 is supported by a plurality of arms 9 provided on the upper frame 1. A truncated conical mantle 10 is attached to the main shaft 7 via a mantle core 11. mantle 10
is a movable part for the corn cave 4,
A crushing chamber 12 is formed between the mantle 10 and the cone cave 4.

On the other hand, at the lower end of the eccentric sleeve 5 through which the main shaft 7 is inserted,
A driven bevel gear 13 is attached, and a driving bevel gear 15 attached to the inner end of the horizontal rotating shaft 14 meshes with the driven bevel gear 13. The horizontal rotation axis 14 is
It is supported by a casing 16 attached to the lower frame 2 via a bearing 17, and at one outer end of the horizontal rotating shaft 14, a V-pulley 18 is connected to an electric motor (both not shown) via a belt. installed.

In order to crush a material to be crushed by the rotary crusher having the above configuration, the electric motor is activated to rotate the eccentric sleeve 5, and at the same time, the material to be crushed is introduced from the inlet hopper 3. As the lower end of the main shaft 7 rotates eccentrically due to the rotation of the eccentric sleeve 5, the mantle 10 similarly rotates eccentrically, and the material to be crushed is thrown into the crushing chamber 12 between the mantle 10 and the cone cave 4. , fractured surface of cone cave 4 and mantle 10
As the gap with the crushing surface changes, the crushed products fall while being compressed and crushed, and are discharged from the lower part of the crushing chamber 12 to the outside of the machine through the discharge port (not shown) of the lower frame 2. Ru.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, according to the above-mentioned conventional rotary crusher, the processing capacity of the rotary crusher depends on the weight of the material to be crushed, and when the mantle diameter is constant, the throughput depends on the inclination angle of the mantle. and is proportional to the amount of swing (eccentric throw).

Furthermore, in order to improve the particle size and particle shape of the crushed products produced by the rotary crusher, the crushing gap and the amount of material to be crushed have been adjusted, but this method has the following problems.

(1) If the inclination angle of the mantle is small, the amount of swing of the mantle must be increased, which may create difficult parts in manufacturing, or may cause backing during operation depending on the properties of the material to be crushed. It becomes unstable.

(2) Since the processing capacity depends on gravity, there is a limit, and it becomes extremely uneconomical in the case of materials to be crushed with low bulk specific gravity or high porosity.

(3) The shape of the crushed product becomes flat and oblong, and it is necessary to use a separate machine for particle shape adjustment.

(4) Even if the crushing gap is expanded to be larger than the particle size of the crushed product and a large amount of material to be crushed is supplied for crushing, only the compressive force acts and sufficient compressive, bending, and shear forces do not act, so it is good. Since it is not possible to obtain crushed products with a certain particle size and shape, closed-circuit crushing must be used. Furthermore, the quality of the crushed product is unstable because the particle size of the crushed product depends on external factors such as the properties of the crushed material and particle size distribution.

(5) If the crushing gap is expanded to be larger than the particle size of the crushed product and a large amount of the material to be crushed is supplied for crushing, the wear of the crushing surfaces of the mantle and cone cave will increase significantly, and the yield will also decrease. Due to the above, the auxiliary equipment of the rotary crusher must be made large, resulting in a decrease in economic efficiency.

The present invention solves these conventional problems,
The material to be crushed is reliably moved in a highly packed state in the crushing chamber, and even if the mantle inclination angle is small, the eccentric throw is reduced and the eccentric throw is reduced without reducing throughput. It is possible to economically process crushed materials with low bulk specific gravity, and by subjecting them to sufficient compression, bending, shearing, etc. in combination, the particle size and shape of crushed products can be significantly improved. The purpose is to provide an excellent rotary crusher that can

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms irregularities continuous in the circumferential direction on the fractured surface of the mantle and/or cone cave, and forms irregularities on the upper part of the outer periphery of the mantle, and It has blades that are slanted on the sides.

[For production]

The material to be crushed that is introduced into the crushing chamber is forced downward by the blades that rotate together with the mantle, preventing upward movement and forming a highly packed state in the crushing chamber, which reduces the crushing effect due to unevenness on the crushing surface. sufficient compression under
It can be subjected to combined effects such as bending and shearing.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the rotary crusher of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. In the following description, the same components as those in FIG. 7 are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing the main parts of the first embodiment. The crushing chamber 12 in the first embodiment consists of a mantle 10 and a cone cave 4. In other words, the direction of rotation of the main shaft 7
A plurality of blades 20 are provided which are inclined toward the rear lower side in the direction of rotation (inclined so that the front side in the direction of rotation is gradually higher).

The mantle 1 has irregularities 19 on the fractured surface of the outer periphery of the mantle 10.
They are formed in a continuous wave shape with a uniform pitch in the circumferential direction of 0. On the other hand, on the fractured surface of the cone cave 4, unevenness 20 is formed in a wave-like manner with a uniform pitch in the circumferential direction of the cone cave 40.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 without showing the main parts thereof.

As described above, a plurality of blades 22 are equally divided and provided on the upper outer circumference of the mantle 10.

The shape of the blade 22 may be a flat plate, a curved plate, or the like. The unevenness 19 on the fractured surface of the outer periphery of the mantle 10 extends from near the upper end to near the lower end of the fractured surface,
It is formed to be oriented obliquely toward the lower front side in the rotation direction of the mantle 10 (counterclockwise in FIG. 2(a)), that is, to be twisted to the left. The fractured surface of the cone cave 4 has a rotational curved surface, etc., and is provided with unevenness 20, so that a uniform pitch is formed vertically from the vicinity of the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end of the fractured surface along the generatrix from the vertical axis of the cone cave 4. They are formed in a continuous manner.

In the first embodiment, the material to be crushed that is introduced into the crushing chamber 12 is crushed by a plurality of blades 20 that rotate together with the mantle 10.
The material to be crushed is pushed under a pushing action greater than the gravity acting on the object, and is subsequently crushed in the crushing chamber 12 with the required degree of filling ensured, and the crushing action between the unevenness 19 and 20 is also maintained. Instead of being subjected to compression alone, the product is subjected to a combination of sufficient compression, bending, shearing, etc., resulting in crushing similar to interparticle crushing, which significantly improves the particle size and shape of the crushed product. As a result, stable quality can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the pushing action of the blades 20 is greater than the action of gravity, the eccentric throw of the mantle 10 can be reduced when the processing capacity is the same as before, and the set under of the crushed product can be improved. can.

In addition, due to the pushing action of the blades 20, the material to be crushed is pushed into the crushing chamber 1.
2 can be fed uniformly over the entire circumference of the crushing chamber 1.
As the crushing progresses sequentially from the upper end of 2 to the lower end,
Uneven wear of the cone cave 4 and the mantle 10, which serve as tooth plates, can be reduced, and the material to be crushed can be crushed in the crushing chamber 12.
Since the generation of ineffective wear due to only passing through the tooth plate can be avoided, the utilization yield of the tooth plate can be improved.

Furthermore, by selecting the shape of the unevenness 19, 20, internal angle, diagonal direction, number of grooves, etc. as necessary, processing capacity, particle size, particle shape, etc. can be optimized.

Note that it is possible to form the unevenness 19 only on the fractured surface of the mantle 10 or only on the fractured surface of the cone cave 4.

In the above case, it can be optimized depending on the properties of the material to be crushed, processing capacity, etc. Furthermore, since the operations and effects are the same, their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a different aspect from FIG. 2 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

In Figures 3(a) and 3(b), mantle 1
The oblique direction of the blade 22 and the unevenness 19 is shown in FIG. 2(a).
and is the same as FIG. 2(b).

Further, the concave and convex portions 20 of the cone cave 4 are formed so as to face the diagonal direction of the concave and convex portions 19 of the mantle 10 in the same direction, and are continuously arranged at a uniform pitch.

In Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b), Fig. 2(a)
) and FIG. 2(b), as the diagonal direction of the unevenness 20 differs, the opportunity and number of times of bending and shearing action decreases slightly, and the improvement in particle size and particle shape of the crushed product also tends to decrease. However, on the other hand, the throughput in crushing can be improved. There are no differences in other effects.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the second embodiment, which shows a Simons-type cone crusher in which a cone cave 4 is supported by a spring so as to be movable up and down.
At the upper outer periphery of the mantle 10, there are a plurality of blades extending rearwardly and downwardly in the rotational direction of the crushing head during load operation, extending over the cylindrical part 10a connected to the upper part of the crushing surface forming the unevenness 20. 20 are provided.

The fracture surfaces of the mantle lO and the cone cave 4 are formed with respective irregularities 19 and 20, which is almost the same as in the first embodiment.

Note that the operations and effects of the second embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, so the explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the third embodiment, in which the mantle 10 has a small inclination angle and a large diameter, and a circle in the discharge part between the mantle 10 and the corresponding cone cave 4. By increasing the circumference, it is easier to discharge the crushed product.

A plurality of blades 22 are provided on the upper part of the outer periphery of the mantle 10, as in the first embodiment, the blades 22 are inclined rearward and downward in the direction of rotation of the mantle 100 during load operation.

Further, as in the first embodiment, irregularities 19 and 20 are formed on the fractured surfaces of the mantle 10 and the cone cave 4, respectively.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the fourth embodiment, which shows a secondary gyratory crusher capable of exhibiting a high crushing ratio with a large inclination angle of the mantle 10, Similar to the first embodiment, a plurality of blades 22 are provided obliquely on the rear lower side in the direction of rotation of the mantle 10 during load operation.

Further, as in the first embodiment, irregularities 19 and 20 are formed on the fractured surfaces of the mantle 10 and the cone cave 4, respectively.

The functions and effects of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment are almost the same as those of the first embodiment, so the explanation thereof will be omitted.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, a plurality of blades 22 are used, but the blades 22 are not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a single spiral blade tilted toward the rear and lower side in the direction of rotation of the mantle during load operation. It goes without saying that these blades should have an appropriate outer diameter so as not to impede the introduction of the material to be crushed into the crushing chamber, and the angle of inclination of the blades should be set so that it does not cause backing, etc., depending on the properties of the material to be crushed. A suitable angle is selected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention provides the following effects compared to the prior art.

(1) The material to be crushed placed in the crushing chamber is subjected to a feeding action greater than gravity by the blades that rotate together with the rotating mantle during load operation, so the throughput, that is, the throughput can be significantly improved.

(2) If the processing capacity is the same as the conventional one, the pushing action by the blades is greater than the action of gravity, so the eccentric throw of the mantle can be reduced.

(3) Since the eccentric throw of the mantle can be reduced, the set-under of the product can be improved.

(4) Due to the pushing action of the blades, the material to be crushed is fed uniformly over the entire circumference of the crushing chamber, and the crushing progresses sequentially from the upper end of the crushing chamber to the lower end, reducing uneven wear on the cone cave and mantle. It is possible to improve the usage yield.

(5) Due to the pushing action of the blades, the material to be crushed in the crushing chamber can be compacted under a highly packed state, and the irregularities on the crushing surface can combine sufficient compression, bending, shearing, etc. As a result, the particle size and shape of the crushed product are significantly improved, making it possible to stabilize the quality.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Figures 1 to 6 show an embodiment of a rotary crusher according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a sectional view of the main part of the first embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the same, Figures 4, 5, and 6 are cross-sectional views of the main parts of the second, third, and fourth embodiments, respectively, and Figure 7 is a conventional rotating It is a sectional view of a type crusher. 4... Corn Cave 10... Mantle 19.2
0...Irregularities 22.Fist/blade ratio Request person Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 4...Corn cave. 10... Mantle Figure 2 (Q) (b) Figure 3 (C1) 1st day (b) Figure 5

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) On the fractured surface of the mantle and/or cone cave,
A rotary crusher, which forms irregularities continuous in the circumferential direction, and is provided with blades on the upper part of the outer periphery of the mantle, which are inclined backward and downward in the direction of rotation of the mantle during operating loads. (2) The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blades are formed on a crushing surface. (3) The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blade is formed across the crushing surface and the cylindrical portion. (4) The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blade is a single spiral blade. (5) The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blades include a plurality of blades equally spaced in the circumferential direction.