JPH0118274Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an automatic wheel mounting device that grips a wheel, mounts the wheel on the hub of a vehicle, and secures the wheel by tightening a nut on a hub bolt.

To attach a wheel to the hub bolt of a vehicle being carried on a conveyor on a vehicle assembly line, a worker takes the wheel out of the tire chute, locates the bolt hole, attaches it to the hub bolt, and tightens the hub nut using a pneumatic tool, etc. This is often done manually, which is an obstacle to improving production.

When attempting to automate the installation of such wheels, the rotational position of the hub bolt is not constant, and the wheel has a toe-in angle θ and a camper angle γ. There is also the problem that the state must also be detected, the detection mechanism is complicated, and the control system based on this is also complicated. Moreover, since the diameter of the wheel varies depending on the type of vehicle, the mechanism for gripping the wheel must be able to easily change the size of the diameter to be gripped, and must also be durable. Furthermore, in the mechanism for tightening the hub nut onto the hub bolt, it is not possible to automatically match the hexagonal phase of the delivered hub nut with the hexagonal phase of the nut runner socket and insert the nut into the nut runner socket. Must not be.

From this point of view, the present invention aims to provide an automatic wheel mounting device that has both the functions of gripping a wheel and mounting the wheel on the hub of a vehicle, and the function of fixing the wheel by tightening a nut on a hub bolt. The structure includes a cylindrical main body arranged to be freely movable in the longitudinal direction, a main body drive device for moving the main body in the longitudinal direction, and a main body drive device that is pivotally mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the main body at equal intervals. a plurality of wheel gripping arms whose tips can swing in the radial direction of the main body;
An arm driving plate supported by the main body so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main body, and the arm driving plate and the wheel gripping arm are each connected to each other via a pin, and a turnbuckle is provided. a plurality of arm drive links; an arm drive device installed in the main body to reciprocate the arm drive plate relative to the main body; and an arm drive device inserted into the main body so as to be reciprocatable in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main body. a nut runner support frame, a nut runner drive device for reciprocating the nut runner support frame, a plurality of nut runners each having a drive shaft supported by the nut runner support frame and protruding from an end surface of the main body, and a base end connected to the drive shaft of the nut runner. A nut runner socket that is connected and has a square hole formed at its tip into which a nut is inserted, a ratchet piece that is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the nut runner socket, and a ratchet piece that is disposed adjacent to the ratchet piece and that is attached to the nut runner socket. a bush having a locking groove that engages with the ratchet piece to fix the nut runner socket at a predetermined rotation angle position when the butt is reversed; a spring that presses the ratchet piece against the bush; and the drive shaft. The nut runner support frame is characterized in that it includes a plate that fixes the bush on an extension of the nut runner support frame, and a rod that connects and fixes the plate and the nut runner support frame.

Hereinafter, the automatic wheel mounting device of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

1 to 3 show a schematic structure of an embodiment of the present invention. The automatic wheel mounting device of the present invention is preferably disposed on the swivel base 11 of the following device, for example, so that wheels can be mounted to the axle of a vehicle provided with a toe-in angle θ and a camber angle γ. . The device is an attached device whose drive is controlled through an x-axis drive mechanism that can move in the left-right direction of the vehicle, a y-axis drive mechanism that can move in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and a z-axis drive mechanism that can move in the vertical direction of the vehicle. A swivel table 11 is provided on the table, which can be rotated about the z-axis and can be tilted relative to the device mounting base. This is because the main body 12 can be perpendicularly approached to the hub surface of the axle provided with the toe-in angle θ and the camber angle γ, and the wheel can be inserted into the hub bolt. The automatic wheel mounting device of the present invention is constructed on the swivel base 11 as follows.
That is, a cylindrical main body 12 is disposed on the swivel base 11 so as to be able to swing freely in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the horizontal direction in the figure.
A swivel base 11 that reciprocates 2 with respect to the swivel base 11.
A fluid pressure cylinder (main body drive device) 15 mounted above is connected. As shown in the figure, the structure that allows the main body 12 to slide is that horizontal slide guide shafts 1a and 1b are supported on both left and right sides of the main body 12 in parallel with the main body 12, and the slide guide shafts 1a and 1b are Linear motion bushes 2a, 3a, 2b, and 3b that are slidably fitted are protruded from the left, right, front, and rear sides of the main body 12. Note that this structure may be any other known structure. Circular arm drive plates 19 are slidably fitted to the rear portions of the slide guide shafts 1a and 1b via bushes 18, respectively. A plurality of synchronous fluid pressure cylinders 21 (arm driving device) attached to an end plate 20 integral with the main body 12 are connected to this arm driving plate 19. Therefore, the operation of these synchronous fluid pressure cylinders 21 causes the arm to move. The drive plate 19 is configured to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the main body 12 while being guided by the slide guide shafts 1a and 1b.
On the other hand, on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the main body 12, a plurality of (three in this embodiment) wheel gripping arms 22 capable of gripping the wheels 13 at their tips are attached to swing pins 24 on brackets 23 that are integrated with the main body 12. Main body 12 through
are pivotally mounted to be swingable in the radial direction, and are positioned at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the main body 12.
The base ends of the wheel gripping arms 22 are connected via pins 25 to the distal ends of arm drive links 27 each having a turnbuckle 26, and the base ends of these arm drive links 27 are connected to the arm drive plate 1.
9 via pin 28. The bracket 23 of the wheel gripping arm 22 described above is provided with a stopper 29 that determines the swinging end of the wheel gripping arm 22 on the wheel release side.

Therefore, when gripping the wheel 13, the synchronous fluid pressure cylinder 21 is operated from the open state of the wheel gripping arm 22 to move the arm drive plate 19 toward the guide shaft 1.
7, the wheel gripping arm 22 swings around the swing pin 24 as shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure, and comes to grip the wheel 13 from three sides. When releasing the grip state of the wheel 13,
The above procedure may be performed in reverse. Also, wheel 13
The center of the wheel 13 and the main body 12 may have different diameters.
If the relative gripping position with respect to the wheel gripping arm 22 is to be corrected, the position of each wheel gripping arm 22 may be adjusted by operating the turnbuckles 26 respectively. Note that only one synchronous fluid pressure cylinder 21 may be provided, and since it is sufficient that the wheel gripping arms 22 can stably grip the wheels 13, only two or four or more wheel gripping arms 22 may be provided. is also possible.

On the other hand, a nut runner support frame 4 is inserted into the main body 12 so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main body 12. As shown in the figure, the nut runner support frame 4 has a structure in which linear motion bushes 5 are mounted from both left and right sides of the main body 12.
a, 6a, 5b, and 6b protrude, and these linear motion bushes 5a to 6b are slidably fitted onto the slide guide shafts 1a and 1b. A fluid pressure cylinder (nut runner drive device) fixed to the main body 12 is mounted on the rear end surface of the nut runner support frame 4.
7 are connected. Therefore, this fluid pressure cylinder 7 makes it possible to reciprocate the nut runner support frame 4 in the left-right direction in the figure, thereby pressing the nut runner socket 107 against the hub bolt as described later. The nut runner support frame 4 supports a plurality of nut runners 14 (four in this embodiment) corresponding to the positions and numbers of hub bolts of the wheels, and the drive shaft 1 of the nut runner 14 is supported by the nut runner support frame 4 .
03 protrudes from the front end surface of the main body 12. This drive shaft 103 includes a nut runner socket device that automatically matches the hexagonal phase of the hub nut and the hexagonal phase of the nut runner socket 107. This nut runner socket device is omitted from FIGS. 1 to 3, and is shown in detail in FIGS. 4 to 8. That is, in front of the nut runner 14, a plate 104 fixedly supported by the nut runner support frame 4 via a horizontal rod 8 is disposed, and a circular hole is bored in the plate 104 on the extension line of the drive shaft 103. A bush 105 is fixed to the bush 105, and a nut runner socket 107 is rotatably and axially slidably supported on the bush 105 via a metal 106. nut tranner socket 10
7 has a square hole 107 at the base end on the nut runner 14 side.
a is formed, and the drive shaft 103 of the nut runner 14 is inserted into the rectangular hole 107a so as to be non-rotatable but slidable in the axial direction, and a compression coil spring 108 is installed between the nut runner 14 and the nut runner socket 107. Natsutranna socket 107
force forward.

On the other hand, a pin 109 is attached to the nut runner 14 side of the nut runner socket 107 adjacent to the bush 105 so as to pass through the nut runner socket 107 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the nut runner socket 107. The ratchet piece 111 is attached rotatably. Then, insert the pin holder 112 into the nut runner socket 107 from the nut runner 14 side, and then tighten the nut runner socket 1.
The pin 109 and the ratchet piece 111 are held by contacting the protrusion 107b on the outer periphery of the pin 107 and fixing it with a retaining ring 113. Also, 1
14 is a spacer.

As shown in FIG. 5, the ratchet piece 111 has an engaging portion 111a on its outer periphery that abuts against the protruding portion 107b of the nut runner socket 107 to prevent rotation in one direction, and an engaging portion 111a that protrudes toward the bush 105. It has a claw portion 111b which is pressed against the bush 105 by the compression coil spring 108. On the other hand, on the side surface of the bush 105 facing the ratchet piece 111, as shown in FIG. When the nut runner socket 107 is rotated in the forward rotation direction (the direction in which the hub nut is tightened), the ratchet piece 111 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 5 to enable rotation of the nut runner socket 107. , conversely, when rotating in the reverse direction, use the ratchet piece 111.
The claw portion 111b of the button 105 is connected to the locking groove 105 of the bush 105.
a, and the engaging portion 111a abuts against the protruding portion 107b of the nut runner socket 107, so that the rotation angle position of the nut runner socket 107 is fixed.

A hexagonal hole 107c into which a hexagonal nut is inserted is formed at the tip of the nut runner socket 107. Here, the ratchet piece 111 is fitted into the bush 105 and the nut runner socket 107 is inserted.
When the rotation angle position of is fixed, the hexagonal hole 107
The position of the locking groove 105a of the bush 105, the mounting position of the ratchet piece 111, etc. are selected so that the hexagonal phase of the nut c matches the hexagonal phase of the nut held in an automatic nut transfer device (not shown). In order to prevent the nut from falling off in the hexagonal hole 107c, as shown in FIG. A band 116 consisting of

In order to automatically attach a wheel to the hub of a vehicle using the automatic wheel attaching device of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the following procedure is performed. First, by moving the swivel base 11 using the x, y, and z-axis drive mechanism and turning or tilting it around the z-axis, the gripping center of the wheel gripping arm 22 is aligned with the extension line of the axle, and the gripping center is aligned with the hub surface of the axle. In contrast, the main body 12 can be vertically approached and separated from the main body 12. Next, the fluid pressure cylinder 2
1 to close the wheel gripping arm 22 and grip the wheel 13. Thereafter, the fluid pressure cylinder 15 is operated to move the main body 12 to the left in the figure, and the gripped wheel 13 is inserted into the hub bolt of the axle.
Subsequently, insert the hub nut into the nut runner socket 107. In this case, when the nut runner socket 107 is reversed by the nut runner 14, the claw portion 111b of the ratchet piece 111 engages the locking groove 105a of the bush 105 in less than one-sixth of a rotation.
The nut insertion hexagonal hole 107c of the nut runner socket 107 is fixed in the same phase as the hub nut of the automatic nut transfer device. Therefore, the hub nut can be smoothly inserted into the nut runner socket 107 by simply moving the nut runner socket 107 to face the automatic nut transfer device using the moving mechanism and pushing out the hub nut with the bush of the automatic nut transfer device. Subsequently, by operating the fluid pressure cylinder 7, the nut support frame 4 and the nut runner 14 are moved to the left in the figure, and the nut runner socket 107 is pressed against the hub bolt and further against the compression coil spring 108. When the nut runner socket 107 is rotated forward by the nut runner 14, the hub nut rotates while being pressed by the compression coil spring 108 and is tightened to the hub bolt.

In this embodiment, since the permanent magnet 115 is attached to the nut insertion hexagonal hole 107c of the nut runner socket 107, it is possible to prevent the attached nut from falling off. Furthermore, permanent magnet 1
15 is embedded in the side of the hexagonal hole 107c, so compared to a permanent magnet attached to the bottom of the hexagonal hole, (1) it can be used without affecting the holding force even if the shape of the back of the nut changes; (2) Even if the material on the back of the nut is non-magnetic, it can be used. (3) Even when a cap nut and a regular nut are used together, the protrusion of both can be made the same. (4) It is difficult to apply external force to the permanent magnet. It has the advantages of not being damaged due to the mounting position, and (5) permanent magnets of standard shape can be used.

In this embodiment, the ratchet frame 11
A pair of locking grooves 5a are provided on both sides, and six locking grooves 5a are formed in the bush 5 at positions divided into six equal parts of the circumference in correspondence with the hexagonal nuts, but the present invention is not limited to this. The number of stop grooves 5a should be at least one each.

As explained above in detail based on the embodiments, in the present invention, the tire gripping arm is swung by a single link equipped with a turnbuckle, so the mechanism is extremely simplified, resulting in improved durability. and reliability can be improved, and maintenance and inspection work can be simplified. Furthermore, the position of the tire gripping arm can be easily corrected by operating the turnbuckle. Also, when the nut runner socket is reversed, the nut insertion square hole is fixed at a predetermined rotational angle position that matches the nut of the automatic nut transfer device, so when inserting a nut, simply push the nut out with the automatic nut transfer device. This allows the nut to be inserted easily, reliably, and quickly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 8 relate to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are a side view, a top view, a rear view, and a partially cutaway side view showing the overall structure. 4 to 8 relate to the nut runner socket device, in which FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the essential parts seen from above, and FIG. Figure 6b is a side view, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4, Figure 8a is an enlarged sectional view of the tip of the nut runner socket, and Figure 8b is its front view. It is a diagram. In the drawing, 1a and 1b are slide guide shafts, 2
a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b
is a linear motion bearing, 7 and 15 are fluid pressure cylinders, 12 is a main body, 13 is a wheel, 14 is a nut runner, 19 is an arm drive plate, 20 is an end plate,
21 is a synchronous fluid pressure cylinder, 22 is a wheel gripping arm, 23 is a bracket, 24 is a swing pin, 25,
28 is a pin, 26 is a turnbuckle, 27 is an arm drive link, 103 is a drive shaft, 105 is a bush, 105a is a locking groove, 107 is a nut runner socket, 107c is a nut insertion square hole, 108 is a compression coil spring, 111 is a ratchet top.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A cylindrical main body arranged to be freely movable in the longitudinal direction; a main body driving device for moving the main body in the longitudinal direction; a plurality of wheel gripping arms that can swing in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main body, an arm driving plate that is supported by the main body so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main body, and the arm driving plate and the wheel gripping arm, respectively. a plurality of arm drive links interconnected via pins and provided with turnbuckles; an arm drive device installed on the main body for reciprocating the arm drive plate relative to the main body; The nut runner support frame is inserted into the main body so as to be able to reciprocate in a parallel direction, a nut runner drive device that reciprocates the nut runner support frame, and a drive shaft that is supported by the nut runner support frame and projects from the end surface of the main body. a nut runner socket whose base end is connected to the drive shaft of the nut runner and whose tip is formed with a square hole into which a nut is inserted; a ratchet piece attached to the outer peripheral surface of the nut runner socket; a bush disposed adjacent to the ratchet piece and having a locking groove that engages with the ratchet piece when the nut runner socket is reversed to fix the nut runner socket at a predetermined rotational angle position; A wheel automatic vehicle comprising: a spring that presses the ratchet piece against the bush; a plate that fixes the bush on an extension of the drive shaft; and a rod that connects and fixes the plate and the nut runner support frame. Mounting device.