JPH01169214A - Fuel switching method of fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Fuel switching method of fluidized bed boilerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01169214A JPH01169214A JP32749687A JP32749687A JPH01169214A JP H01169214 A JPH01169214 A JP H01169214A JP 32749687 A JP32749687 A JP 32749687A JP 32749687 A JP32749687 A JP 32749687A JP H01169214 A JPH01169214 A JP H01169214A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- temperature
- solid fuel
- set temperature
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、流動層ボイラの燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料
及び／又は気体燃料に切り換えるに際し、ＳＯｘの異常
発生を防止する流動層ボイラの燃料切換方法に関するも
のである。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a fuel for a fluidized bed boiler that prevents abnormal generation of SOx when switching the fuel for the fluidized bed boiler from solid fuel to liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel. This relates to a switching method.
第３図は、従来の流動層ボイラの系統図であり、燃焼室
としてのコンパスタ１内に設ケラれたディストリビュー
タ２上にはデンスベツド材（不図示）が充填されており
、このデンスベツド材はディストリビュータ２の下方に
開口する１次空気管３から供給される１次空気によって
流動化されている。FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional fluidized bed boiler, in which a dense bed material (not shown) is filled on a distributor 2 installed in a comparator 1 serving as a combustion chamber. 2 is fluidized by primary air supplied from a primary air pipe 3 opening below.
一方、固形燃料供給管４からコンパスタ１内に供給され
た石炭等の固形燃料（不図示）は流動中のデンスベツド
材によって粉砕されながら燃焼する。また、石灰石供給
管５からコンパスタ１内に供給された石灰石（不図示）
は固形燃料と同様に粉砕されながら脱硫化のために費や
される。３°は１次空気管３から分岐した２次空気管で
あり、この２次空気管３゛から供給される２次空気によ
ってより完全な燃焼が行われる。On the other hand, solid fuel such as coal (not shown) supplied into the comparator 1 from the solid fuel supply pipe 4 is combusted while being crushed by the flowing dense bed material. In addition, limestone (not shown) supplied into the comparator 1 from the limestone supply pipe 5
is used for desulfurization while being crushed like solid fuel. 3° is a secondary air pipe branched from the primary air pipe 3, and more complete combustion is performed by the secondary air supplied from this secondary air pipe 3′.
７は出口ダクト６を介してコンパスタ１に接続されたサ
イクロンであり、このサイクロン７によって分離された
排ガスはガス出口ダクト８を通ってボイラ（不図示）に
供給される。このサイクロン７によって分離されたソリ
ッド（不 □図示）はソリッド出口ダクト９を通って
循環ソリッド室１０内に貯溜されたあと、コールドリサ
イクルダクト１１及びホットリサイクルダクト１２を通
ってコンパスタ１内に戻される。コールドリサイクルダ
クト１１及びホットリサイクルダクト１２によって供給
されるソリッド流量はＬ−バルブまたはメカニカルパル
プによって制御される。なお、１３はボイラの伝熱管で
ある。A cyclone 7 is connected to the comparator 1 via an outlet duct 6, and the exhaust gas separated by the cyclone 7 is supplied to a boiler (not shown) through a gas outlet duct 8. The solids (not shown) separated by the cyclone 7 pass through the solid outlet duct 9 and are stored in the circulation solid chamber 10, and then are returned to the comparator 1 through the cold recycling duct 11 and the hot recycling duct 12. . The solids flow rates supplied by the cold recycle duct 11 and the hot recycle duct 12 are controlled by L-valves or mechanical pulps. Note that 13 is a heat exchanger tube of the boiler.
また、上記コンパスタ１には重油、軽油等の液体燃料を
供給する液体燃料供給管１４及び都市ガス、プロパンガ
ス等の気体燃料を供給する気体燃料供給管１５が設置さ
れており、固形燃料供給系が故障した時、固形燃料の供
給が不足した時、或いはユーザーの都合等により固形燃
料から液体燃料及び／又は気体燃料（ＯＩ Ｌ／ＧＡＳ
）に切り換えられる。Further, the comparator 1 is installed with a liquid fuel supply pipe 14 for supplying liquid fuel such as heavy oil or light oil, and a gaseous fuel supply pipe 15 for supplying gaseous fuel such as city gas or propane gas, and is equipped with a solid fuel supply system. When solid fuel malfunctions, when solid fuel supply is insufficient, or due to user convenience, solid fuel is replaced with liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel (OI L/GAS).
).
固形燃料の燃焼においては、第４図に示すように、供給
された燃料のうち比較的速やかに燃焼する揮発分等（Ｆ
Ｃ）と、燃焼遅れを伴って燃焼する未燃分（ＵＢ）があ
る。In the combustion of solid fuel, as shown in Figure 4, volatile components (F
C) and unburned matter (UB), which burns with a combustion delay.
ところで、燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料及び／又は気体
燃料に切り換える時、従来は切り換えのため減らした固
形燃料の発熱量の１００％分を補うように液体燃料及び
／又は気体燃料を供給していたが、この場合、これに循
環ソリッド中の未燃分（ＵＢ）が加わるから発熱量の合
計は、第４図に示すように、１００％をＥＸ分だけ超え
ることになる。このため、コンパスタ１内の酸素量が不
足し、ＳＯｘが異常発生するという問題があった。By the way, when switching the fuel from solid fuel to liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel, conventionally the liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel was supplied to compensate for 100% of the calorific value of the solid fuel that was reduced due to the switch. However, in this case, since the unburned matter (UB) in the circulating solid is added to this, the total calorific value exceeds 100% by EX amount, as shown in FIG. Therefore, there was a problem in that the amount of oxygen in the comparator 1 was insufficient and SOx was abnormally generated.
本発明は、かかる問題を解消するためになされたもので
あり、流動層ボイラの燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料及び
／又は気体燃料に切り換えるに際し、ＳＯｘの異常発生
を未然に防止することを目的とするものである。The present invention was made in order to solve this problem, and its purpose is to prevent the abnormal occurrence of SOx when switching the fuel of a fluidized bed boiler from solid fuel to liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel. It is something to do.
上記の目的を達成できる本発明の流動層ボイラの燃料切
換方法は、流動層ボイラの燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料
及び／又は気体燃料に切り換えるに際し、この新規供給
燃料を流動層ボイラの出力に相当する発熱量分だけ供給
すると共に、燃焼室内の設定温度を通常の固形燃料運転
時より約２５℃〜１００℃下げることを特徴とするもの
である。The fuel switching method for a fluidized bed boiler of the present invention that can achieve the above object is such that when switching the fuel of the fluidized bed boiler from solid fuel to liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel, this newly supplied fuel is equivalent to the output of the fluidized bed boiler. It is characterized by supplying only the amount of heat generated by the combustion chamber, and lowering the set temperature in the combustion chamber by about 25 to 100 degrees Celsius compared to normal solid fuel operation.
以下、図面により本発明の実施例について説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明に係る流動層ボイラの系統図であり、そ
の主要部については従来の流動層ボイラと殆ど相違がな
いので説明を省略した。ただし、同じ部分には同じ番号
を附した。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a fluidized bed boiler according to the present invention, and since its main parts are almost the same as those of a conventional fluidized bed boiler, explanations thereof are omitted. However, the same numbers were assigned to the same parts.
第１図中、１１はコールドリサイクルダクトであるが、
このコールドリサイクルダクト１１は、ダウンカマー１
１ａ、Ｌ−パルプｌｌｂ及び供給ライン１１Ｃとからな
り、Ｌ−パルプ１１ｂは、パイプをＬ字型に組み合わせ
、ソリッド流量に応じた流動化空気をダウンカマー下部
に供給することによってＬ字部のソリッドの安息角形成
を阻止し、循環ソリッド室１０からＬ字部に作用する粉
体圧によってソリ・ノドを流動化したままコンパスタｌ
へ供給する流ｆｆ１ｉＰＩ整機能を有する。このＬ−バ
ルブｌｌｂに空気流量制御弁１６を有するダクト１７が
接続されている。In Figure 1, 11 is the cold recycling duct,
This cold recycling duct 11 is a downcomer 1
1a, L-pulp llb, and supply line 11C. This prevents the formation of the angle of repose of the solid, and the comparator l remains fluidized by the powder pressure acting on the L-shaped portion from the circulation solid chamber 10.
It has a function to adjust the current ff1iPI. A duct 17 having an air flow control valve 16 is connected to this L-valve llb.
同様に、ホットリサイクルダクト１２は、ダウンカマー
１２ａ、Ｌ−バルブ１２ｂ及び供給ライン１２Ｃとから
なり、流量調整機能を有する前記Ｌ−バルブ１２ｂに空
気流量制御弁１８を有するダクト１９が接続されている
。Similarly, the hot recycling duct 12 consists of a downcomer 12a, an L-valve 12b, and a supply line 12C, and a duct 19 having an air flow control valve 18 is connected to the L-valve 12b having a flow rate adjustment function. .
他方、２１は制御装置であり、この制御装置２１とコン
パスタ１に配設された温度検出器２０とはケーブル２２
によって電気的に接続し、また、当該制御装置２１と前
記空気流量制御弁１６とはケーブル２３を介して電気的
に接続している。また、この制御装置２１はケーブル２
４を介して温度設定器２５と電気的に接続している。On the other hand, 21 is a control device, and this control device 21 and the temperature sensor 20 disposed in the comparator 1 are connected by a cable 22.
The control device 21 and the air flow control valve 16 are electrically connected via a cable 23. In addition, this control device 21 is connected to a cable 2
It is electrically connected to the temperature setting device 25 via 4.
また、２６は流体燃料供給管１４に取り付けられたバル
ブ、２７は気体燃料供給管１５に取り付けられたバルブ
である。Further, 26 is a valve attached to the fluid fuel supply pipe 14, and 27 is a valve attached to the gaseous fuel supply pipe 15.
次に、燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料に切り換える場合に
ついて説明する。Next, a case will be described in which the fuel is switched from solid fuel to liquid fuel.
燃料を固形燃料から液体燃料に切り換える場合、先ず、
温度設定器２５により制御装置２１に記憶されているコ
ンパスタ１内の設定温度Ｔ！を所定の設定温度Ｔ２、つ
まり通常の固形燃料運転時より約２５℃〜１００℃低い
温度に変更する。When switching fuel from solid fuel to liquid fuel, first,
The set temperature T in the comparator 1 stored in the control device 21 by the temperature setting device 25! is changed to a predetermined set temperature T2, that is, a temperature approximately 25° C. to 100° C. lower than that during normal solid fuel operation.
次いで、固形燃料および石灰石の投入を停止すると同時
に、液体燃料供給管１４のバルブ２６を開いて流体燃料
を固形燃料の発熱量分だけ供給する。Next, at the same time as stopping the introduction of the solid fuel and limestone, the valve 26 of the liquid fuel supply pipe 14 is opened to supply fluid fuel corresponding to the calorific value of the solid fuel.
上記制御装置２１には温度検出器２０からコンパスタ１
内の温度が逐次入力されており、コンパスタ１内の温度
と設定温度Ｔ２とを比較演算してコンパスタ１内の温度
が設定温度Ｔ２より高い場合、Ｌ−パルプ用コントロー
ル空気制御弁１６の開度が開き、より多量のコントロー
ル空気Ａ１がＬ−バルブｌｌｂに送られる。その結果、
伝熱管１３で冷却されたコールドリサイクル流量が増加
し、コンパスタｌの温度を低下させるから、コンパスタ
１内の温度は設定温度Ｔ２まで降下し、ＳＯｘの異常発
生が防止される。The control device 21 includes a temperature sensor 20 and a comparator 1.
The temperature in the comparator 1 is inputted sequentially, and when the temperature in the comparator 1 and the set temperature T2 are compared and the temperature in the comparator 1 is higher than the set temperature T2, the opening degree of the L-pulp control air control valve 16 is determined. is opened and more control air A1 is sent to L-valve llb. the result,
Since the cold recycling flow rate cooled by the heat transfer tube 13 increases and lowers the temperature of the comparator 1, the temperature in the comparator 1 drops to the set temperature T2, and abnormal generation of SOx is prevented.
上記コンパスタｌ内の温度が設定温度Ｔ２になると制御
装置２１の指令により、その状態を保つべく、コールド
ソリッド流量が制御される。When the temperature inside the comparator 1 reaches the set temperature T2, the cold solid flow rate is controlled by a command from the control device 21 to maintain that state.
ここで、ＳＯｘの異常発生は燃焼中に生成したＣａＳＯ
４が酸素不足のため分解するためであると推察される。Here, the abnormal occurrence of SOx is caused by CaSO generated during combustion.
It is presumed that this is because 4 decomposes due to lack of oxygen.
即ち、（１１式から分かるように一旦は安定したＣａＳ
Ｏ４が生成されるが、酸素不足のためＣａ Ｓ Ｏａが
分解し、（２）弐のようになるためと推察される。In other words, (as can be seen from equation 11, once stable CaS
Although O4 is generated, it is presumed that due to the lack of oxygen, Ca SOa decomposes and becomes as shown in (2) 2.
Ｃａ ｏ＋ｓｏ！ ＋−Ｏｚ ＝Ｃａ ＳＯ４・・・・
・・・・・ （１１
２Ｃａ ＳＯ４＋Ｃ＝２ ＣａＯ＋２ＳＯ２＋Ｇｏ！・
・・・・・・・・ （２）
しかしながら、Ｃａ Ｓ Ｏ４の分解はコンパスタ１内
の設定温度を下げることによって抑制できることが実験
的に確認されており、上記のように、燃料の切り換え時
、コンパスタ１内の設定温度を通常の固形燃料運転時よ
り約２５℃〜１００℃下げることによってＳＯｘの異常
発生が防止できる。Cao+so! +-Oz = Ca SO4...
・・・・・・ (11 2Ca SO4+C=2 CaO+2SO2+Go!・
(2) However, it has been experimentally confirmed that the decomposition of Ca SO4 can be suppressed by lowering the set temperature in the comparator 1, and as mentioned above, when changing the fuel, Abnormal occurrence of SOx can be prevented by lowering the set temperature in the comparator 1 by about 25° C. to 100° C. from that during normal solid fuel operation.
以上の説明では、固形燃料から液体燃料に切り換える場
合について説明したが、これに限るのではなく、例えば
固形燃料から気体燃料に切り換えても良いし、また、固
形燃料から液体燃料と気体燃料との双方に切り換えても
良いことは言うまでもない。In the above explanation, we have explained the case of switching from solid fuel to liquid fuel, but it is not limited to this. For example, you may switch from solid fuel to gaseous fuel, or switch from solid fuel to liquid fuel and gaseous fuel. Needless to say, it is possible to switch between the two.
上記のように、本発明によれば、燃料切り換え時におけ
るＳＯｘの異常発生を未然に防止することが可能になる
。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent abnormal SOx from occurring during fuel switching.
第１図は本発明に係る流動層ボイラの系統図、第２図は
本発明による燃焼パターンを示す図、第３図は従来の流
動層ボイラの系統図、第４図は従来の燃焼パターンを示
す図である。
１・・・コンパスタ、２・・・ディストリビュータ、３
・・・１次空気管、３′・・・２次空気管、４・・・固
形燃料供給管、５・・・石灰石供給管、６・・・出口ダ
クト、７・・・サイクロン、８・・・ガス出口ダクト、
９・・・ソリッド出口ダクト、１０・・・循環ソリッド
室、１１・・・コールドリサイクルダクト、１２・・・
ホットリサイクルダクト、１３・・・伝熱管、１４・・
・液体燃料供給管、１５・・・気体燃料供給管、１６゜
１８・・・空気流量制御弁、１７．１９・・・ダクト、
２０・・・温度検出器、２１・・・制御装置、２２，２
３．２４・・・ケーブル、２５・・・温度設定器、２６
゜２７・・・バルブ。
代理人 弁理士 小 川 信 −Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a fluidized bed boiler according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a combustion pattern according to the invention, Fig. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional fluidized bed boiler, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional combustion pattern. FIG. 1...Compaster, 2...Distributor, 3
...Primary air pipe, 3'...Secondary air pipe, 4...Solid fuel supply pipe, 5...Limestone supply pipe, 6...Outlet duct, 7...Cyclone, 8...・・Gas outlet duct,
9... Solid outlet duct, 10... Circulating solid chamber, 11... Cold recycling duct, 12...
Hot recycling duct, 13... Heat exchanger tube, 14...
・Liquid fuel supply pipe, 15... Gaseous fuel supply pipe, 16° 18... Air flow control valve, 17.19... Duct,
20...Temperature detector, 21...Control device, 22,2
3.24... Cable, 25... Temperature setting device, 26
゜27...Valve. Agent Patent Attorney Nobuo Ogawa −
Claims (1)
は気体燃料に切り換えるに際し、この新規供給燃料を流
動層ボイラの出力に相当する発熱量分だけ供給すると共
に、燃焼室内の設定温度を通常の固形燃料運転時より約
２５℃〜１００℃下げることを特徴とする流動層ボイラ
の燃料切換方法。When switching the fuel of a fluidized bed boiler from solid fuel to liquid fuel and/or gaseous fuel, this newly supplied fuel is supplied in an amount equivalent to the output of the fluidized bed boiler, and the set temperature in the combustion chamber is changed to the normal solid fuel. A fuel switching method for a fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that the temperature is lowered by about 25°C to 100°C than during fuel operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32749687A JPH07103962B2 (en) | 1987-12-25 | 1987-12-25 | Fuel switching method for fluidized bed boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32749687A JPH07103962B2 (en) | 1987-12-25 | 1987-12-25 | Fuel switching method for fluidized bed boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01169214A true JPH01169214A (en) | 1989-07-04 |
| JPH07103962B2 JPH07103962B2 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Family
ID=18199799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32749687A Expired - Lifetime JPH07103962B2 (en) | 1987-12-25 | 1987-12-25 | Fuel switching method for fluidized bed boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07103962B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04278104A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-10-02 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corp | Fluidized bed burning apparatus having re-circulation heatexchanger with non-mechanical solid controller and its method |
| JP2731631B2 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1998-03-25 | エービービー カーボン アクチボラゲット | Method for maintaining a nominal operating temperature of flue gas in a PFBC power plant |
| US6957083B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2005-10-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Mobile telephone |
-
1987
- 1987-12-25 JP JP32749687A patent/JPH07103962B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04278104A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-10-02 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corp | Fluidized bed burning apparatus having re-circulation heatexchanger with non-mechanical solid controller and its method |
| JP2731631B2 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1998-03-25 | エービービー カーボン アクチボラゲット | Method for maintaining a nominal operating temperature of flue gas in a PFBC power plant |
| US6957083B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2005-10-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Mobile telephone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07103962B2 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
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