JPH01163103A - Male sterilization agent for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title substance containing L-O-methylthreonine as an active component, exhibiting male-sterilization effect even to a plant having high self-pollination capability such as rice without causing phytotoxicity or influence on pistil and capable of giving a seed of first filial generation having excellent property by cross-pollination. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains L-O-methylthreonine as an active component. The objective plant for the agent is cereals such as rice, wheat or barley, leguminous plant such as soybean, vegetables such as eggplant, tomato or cabbage, etc. It can be used usually in the form wettable powder, granule, etc., by mixing with a solid carrier, liquid carrier, surfactant, etc. The amount of the active component in the agent is 1-80wt.%, preferably 2-70wt.%. In the case of application to water-treatment of paddy field, it is necessary to separate the male strain from the female strain with a plastic corrugated plate, etc., to prevent the absorption of the drug to the adjacent male strain. The rate of application of the active component is preferably 200-5,000g per 1ha.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention relates to a male sterility agent for plants.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a male sterility agent for plants containing L-0-methylthreonine as an active ingredient, a method for sterilizing plants using the compound, and a method for producing first-generation hybrid seeds using the compound. .

<Conventional technology> In recent years, the development of new plant varieties has become active, and in this context, the production of hybrid first-generation plants is attracting attention.

First generation hybrid plants are known to have many superior traits such as higher yields than their parent varieties due to their vigorous growth.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> In order to obtain first-generation hybrid seeds, it is necessary to prevent self-pollination of the female parent, and for this purpose, the stamens of the female parent must be removed.

Traditionally, this emasculation process was very labor-intensive, and since highly self-pollinating grains such as rice and wheat have stamens and pistils within their small spikelets, emasculation was done manually to produce hybrids. It was almost impossible to produce first-generation seeds.

In addition, there are other methods, such as the use of cytoplasmic male sterility, but these also have problems such as requiring a long period of time to develop, and therefore do not cause male sterility without losing the female's ability to pollinate. The reality is that a simple and reliable method is desired.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors have made extensive studies and found that they have found that by treating plants with L-0-methylthreonine, male sterility can be achieved very easily and efficiently. The present inventors have discovered that this can be caused, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a male sterility agent containing L-0-methylthreonine as an active ingredient, and also provides a method for male sterility and a method for producing first-generation hybrid seeds using the compound. It is.

Target plants for which the male sterility agent of the present invention can be used include:
Examples include various cultivated plants such as grains such as rice, wheat, barley, oats, rye, and corn, legumes such as soybeans, cane vegetables such as eggplants, tomatoes, and cabbages, and flowers such as petunias and morning glories. Can be done.

When L-0-methylthreonine is used as a male sterility agent, sufficient male sterility can be produced without causing undesirable side effects on plants.

Furthermore, since the male sterility agent of the present invention does not have a harmful effect on the pistil, first-generation hybrid seeds can be easily obtained by cross-pollination.

When L-0-methylthreonine is used as an active ingredient in a male sterility agent, it is usually mixed with solid carriers, liquid carriers, surfactants, and other formulation auxiliaries to form wettable powders, granules, and aqueous solutions. etc. and use it in preparation.

These preparations contain the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient in a weight ratio of 1 to 80%, preferably 2 to 70%.

Examples of solid carriers include fine powders or granules such as kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, acid clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth, calcite, walnut shell powder, urea, ammonium sulfate, and synthetic hydrous silicon oxide. Examples of the liquid carrier include alcohols such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and cellosolve, ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone, and isophorone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and water.

Examples of surfactants include alkyl sulfate salts, alkyl sulfonate salts, alkylaryl sulfonate salts, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether phosphate salts, etc. used for dispersion, wet layering, etc. Nonionic surfactants such as anionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene carbon copolymers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, etc. It will be done.

Other formulation adjuvants include, for example, lignin sulfonate, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), PA
Examples include P (acidic isopropyl phosphate).

L-0-methylthreonine is usually used in the form of a formulation, and is preferably used in foliage treatment, soil treatment, or field water treatment from just before the start of reproductive growth until flowering.

In the case of rice field water treatment, it is necessary to separate the male and female plants with plastic corrugated plates, etc. to prevent the chemical from being absorbed by the male plants planted next to each other.

When treating the foliage and soil, it is necessary to prevent the male plants from being exposed to chemicals.

When L-0-methylthreonine is used as an active ingredient in a male sterility agent, the amount to be treated will vary depending on weather conditions, formulation form, treatment time, method, location, target crop, target variety, etc., but usually 1 hectare. Per 100g~10.
000g, preferably 200g to 5,000g,
Wettable powders, water-solvents, etc. are usually treated by diluting the specified amount with 1 liter to 10 liters of water per are (with auxiliary agents such as spreading agents added if necessary), and granules, etc. It is usually processed as is without any dilution.

Examples of the spreading agent include, in addition to the above-mentioned surfactants, polyoxyethylene resin acids (esters), lignin sulfonates, abietates, dinaphthylmethane disulfonates, paraffins, and the like.

It can also be used in combination with plant growth regulators, herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, fertilizers, soil conditioners, and the like. Furthermore, L-0-methylthreonine can be applied to the same plant several times at different treatment times.

For example, the following method is suitable for obtaining a large amount of first-generation hybrid seeds.

In other words, the two parents to be crossed are planted alternately. At this time, the number of rows, width, etc. of each parent vary depending on the target crop, target variety, environmental conditions, etc. Then, the female plant is treated with the present male sterility agent, and the female plant that has become male sterile is pollinated with pollen from the male plant carried by wind or insects, and hybrid seeds are obtained.

Incidentally, L-0-methylthreonine is a known compound,
For example, those commercially available from Sigma, etc. can be used.

<Examples> The present invention will be explained in more detail below using formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

First, a formulation example will be shown. Parts represent parts by weight.

Formulation Example I 50 parts of L-0-methylthreonine, 3 parts of calcium ligninsulfonate, 2 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 45 parts of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide are thoroughly ground and mixed to obtain a wettable powder.

Formulation Example 2 2 parts of L-0-methylthreonine, 1 part of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, 2 parts of calcium ligninsulfonate, 3 parts of bentonite
0 parts and 65 parts of kaolin clay are thoroughly ground and mixed, water is added and the mixture is thoroughly kneaded, and then granulated and dried to obtain granules.

Formulation Example 3 10 parts of L~0-methylthreonine, 1 part of polyoxyethylene styrylphenyl ether, and 89 parts of water are mixed to obtain an aqueous solvent.

Next, a test example using wheat, morning glory, and rice will be shown to demonstrate that L-0-methylthreonine is useful as an active ingredient of a male sterility agent.

Test Example 1 Wheat (variety: Norin No. 61) was sown in a plastic pot with a volume of 1jL and 200d filled with artificial soil, and grown under greenhouse conditions with a temperature rise of 27°C - night temperature of 20°C and a 115-hour day length. Ta. Then, 17 days before the beginning of heading, L-0
- Methylthreonine was formulated into an aqueous solution and a predetermined amount thereof was diluted with water containing a spreading agent, and the foliage was treated from above the plant using a small sprayer at a liquid volume of 10 liters per are. After earing and flowering, two panicles of the bond that were thought to be sterile were pollinated by hand using pollen obtained from panicles that had not been treated with other chemicals.

After ripening, open ears produce 4 ears per pot, and artificially pollinated ears produce 2 ears per pot!
! were harvested and the number of spikelets and seeds were investigated. The exam is l
One pot of treatment area was used.

The sterility rate and fertility rate were calculated using the following formulas.

A = Number of seeds per spikelet in untreated area B - Number of seeds per spikelet in treated area Sterility rate (%) = (1--) x 100 (free panicle)
A. Fertility rate (%") = -X 100 (artificially pollinated ears) A. Also, macroscopic observation was conducted to find that there was no chemical damage to the stems, leaves, and ears compared to when no male sterility agent was applied. If there is almost no difference, it is set as -, and if the test plant dies or its growth is completely inhibited, it is set as +++, and -2
It was evaluated in 5 stages: ±, +, ++, +++.

The results are shown in Table 1. L-0-methylthreonine is almost completely LOOOg/ha in free panicles, 4000g
/ha showed complete sterility, whereas artificially pollinated panicles produced a large number of seeds when treated with 1000g/ha, and were found to be female fertile at a dose that was recognized as male sterile. was recognized. In addition, neither drug dose caused any problematic drug damage.

Table 1 Test Example 2 Morning glory (variety Niscarlett O'Hara) was sown in a 200-volume plastic pot filled with soil under greenhouse conditions with a temperature rise of 27°C - night temperature of 20°C and a 115-hour day length. It was grown in During the process, short-day treatment was performed for two weeks in an artificial weather machine with a day and night temperature of 22°C and an 18-hour day length. Then, 15 days before the beginning of flowering, prepare L-0-methylthreonine in an aqueous solution, dilute the specified amount with water containing a spreading agent, and spray it with a small sprayer at an amount equivalent to 10 liters per are. The foliage was treated from above the plant.

After flowering, we visually observed the flowers that were almost the same as in the untreated area, and the flowers that had a small amount of pollen.
Those who did not make a reservation were given a score of 10. In addition, some of the ten flowers were pollinated by hand with pollen from flowers in pots that had not been treated with chemicals, and female fertility was investigated. In addition, phytotoxicity to the stems, leaves, and entire flowers was observed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The test was conducted in 1 section and 2 pots.

The results are shown in Table 2, L-0-methylthreonine was 40
When treated with 00 g/ha, the plants exhibited almost complete male sterility, but when artificially pollinated, seeds were formed, indicating that they were female fertile at doses that caused male sterility. It was done. In addition, the chemical damage was of a non-problematic level.

Table 2 Test Example 3 Rice was sown in a plastic pot with a capacity of 1 ton and 200 d filled with artificial soil, and the temperature was raised to 27°C and the night temperature was 20°C.
It was grown under greenhouse conditions with a 115 hour photoperiod. After flooding in the middle of the process, 18 days before the beginning of heading, prepare L-0-methylthreonine in an aqueous solvent, dilute the specified amount with water containing a spreading agent, and prepare a liquid volume equivalent to 10 liters per are. The foliage was treated from above the plant using a small sprayer. Two pots were used in one treatment area.

After earing and flowering, one of the two pots was artificially crossed with pollen obtained from the panicle that had not been treated with chemicals.

After ripening, four free panicles were harvested and the number of flowers and seeds were investigated.

The sterility rate was calculated using the following formula.

A = Number of seeds per number of flowers in the untreated area B = Number of seeds per number of flowers in the treated area In addition, chemical damage to stems, leaves and panicles was visually observed and compared with when no chemical treatment was applied. , if there is no difference at all or there is almost no difference, - is taken, and if the test plant dies or the growth is completely inhibited, +++, -1, +, +
Evaluation was made on a five-point scale: ÷, +++.

The results are shown in Table 3. L-0-methylthreonine obtained a high sterility rate at 200.400 g/ha in free panicle. On the other hand, artificially pollinated panicles showed considerable seed fertility and were found to be female fertile at doses that caused male sterility. In addition, the chemical damage was of a non-problematic level.

Table 3 <Effects of the Invention> L-0-methylthreonine is useful as a male sterility agent because it has an excellent male sterility effect on plants and does not cause any problematic phytotoxicity. It is something.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A male sterility agent for plants characterized by containing L-O-methylthreonine as an active ingredient. (2) A method for male sterility of plants using L-O-methylthreonine. (3) Method for producing first generation hybrid seeds using L-O-methylthreonine.