JPH0115325B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously extruding metal, particularly from a powdered or solid feed material, which apparatus comprises: That is, (a) a rotary wheel member arranged to be rotated by a drive device during operation, and a continuous circumferential groove formed in the rotary wheel member in the circumferential direction; a cooperating shoe member extending circumferentially around a portion of the periphery, the shoe member having a portion projecting radially into the groove with a small operating clearance from a side wall of the groove; , said shoe member portion forming with said groove wall a closed passageway extending circumferentially of said wheel member; a feed material injection device for flowing into the passageway, thereby upon rotation of the wheel member;
the feed material being frictionally conveyed by the wheel member toward an opposite outlet end of the passageway; (d) supported by the shoe member and projecting radially into the passageway at the outlet end; At its end it effectively closes said passageway, thereby blocking the passage of feed material frictionally conveyed into said groove by said wheel member, thus applying extrusion pressure to said outlet end of said passageway. (e) a die member supported by the shoe member and having a die orifice opening from the passageway at the exit, and frictionally compressed within the groove by rotation of the wheel member; The feed material is compressed through the orifice and continuously forced out of the shoe member through the outlet hole during actuation of the wheel member. If loose particulate or powdered feed material is fed directly to the inlet end of the passageway, several drawbacks exist, as will be clear from the discussion below. The present invention therefore provides a continuous extrusion device in which, by appropriate measures, these defects are at least minimized, if not eliminated. According to the invention, the feed material inlet device is arranged to feed a flow of loose particulate or powdered feed material directly into the inlet end of the passageway, with a portion radially into the groove. the shoe member portion extending to has a surface facing the bottom of the groove, the radial distance of the surface from the bottom of the groove (as defined by the abutment member);
a first line extending downstream from the inlet end of the passageway;
shaped so as to remain substantially unchanged in an area and to decrease progressively in a second area near the abutment member, at least adjacent to the first area, towards the outlet end of the passageway; In the second area,
The feed material is completely compacted and without any voids. With such a device, in the second zone, when loose particulate or powdered feed material is fed into the passageway, the metal flow pattern is very similar to that for solid feed material. The shoe member portion preferably comprises an insert adjacent to the abutment member and removably attached to the shoe member, which extends from the abutment member in the direction of rotation of the wheel member. a surface extending circumferentially in an opposite direction, having said die member, and having a surface facing the bottom of said groove, said surface having a preferably tapering radial depth with respect to said passageway; formed into. The surface of the insert consists of a plane inclined at a small angle tangent to the bottom of the groove. The plane is such that the ratio of the area of the abutment member touching the metal under the extrusion pressure to the radial cross-sectional area of the passage at the inlet end, upstream of the second zone, said angle so as to be substantially equal to the ratio of the apparent density of the feed material entering said second zone at the end and the density of a fully consolidated feed member located near said abutment member. tilted. In one preferred arrangement, the plane is at an angle such that the area of the abutment member touching the metal is approximately half the radial cross-sectional area of the passageway at the inlet end of the zone. tilt. Shaping the surface of the shoe member portion as described above (compared to other devices not having the features of the invention) (a) requires less extra work on the feed material; (b) the amount of flash that occurs is reduced, and (c) the bending moment exerted on the abutment member by the pressurized metal located near its upstream face is reduced. Furthermore, choosing the flat working surface for the insert (compared to such inserts that do not have such a flat working surface) reduces the manufacturing cost of the insert. According to another aspect of the invention, in a continuous extrusion device of the type described above, the jet of cooling fluid is ejected from the nozzle directly from a rear position located downstream of the abutment member towards the abutment tip. (i.e.
upstream, i.e. on the side away from the slug of compressed metal located against the front surface). This jet is thus
The frictional heat is directed to the part of the abutment member where most of it occurs, so that the cooling fluid flows directly to the part of the abutment member that reaches the highest operating temperature. For such a device, it is not necessary to provide the abutment member with internal cooling passages. Therefore, the ability of the abutment member to withstand strong mechanical loads applied thereto is not impaired.
Furthermore, there is even less reliance on the heat transfer properties of the material that makes up the abutment member. According to the invention, the wheel member comprises at least one tooth member on each side of the groove, the tooth member being such that, upon rotation of the wheel member, the waste member extends a predetermined distance from the groove. is positioned and arranged to block a waste member being pushed through said clearance gap on an adjacent side of said groove, and blocking of such waste member by said tooth member causes one of said waste members to be blocked. part is broken from the device. According to yet another aspect of the invention, the continuous extrusion system has: (i) a continuous extrusion device for producing a continuous metal extrusion product; and (ii) receiving the extruded product exiting said extrusion device, as it exits said extrusion device;
an extruded product processing device for processing the extruded product to alter one or more of its predetermined properties; an extruded product processing device for pulling the extruded product from the extrusion device through the processing device as the extruded product exits; The control system has the following: (a) a sensitive sensing device arranged to sense the temperature of the extruded product as it leaves the continuous extrusion device and to provide a temperature reference signal in accordance with the sensed temperature of the extruded product; and (b) a trigger that senses the pull of a length of extruded product extending between the extrusion device and the processing device and provides a pull feedback signal in response to the sensed pull on that length of the extruded product; (c) a control device for controlling the tension device, the control device being responsive to the temperature reference signal and the tension feedback signal so that the length of extruded product is arranged to automatically control said tension device in such a manner that at a sensed temperature upon leaving said extrusion device, a predetermined safety value below the yield stress tension of said extruded product is not exceeded; It consists of being there. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and from the claims. One continuous extrusion apparatus embodying the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus shown here includes a rotary wheel member 10 supported in bearings (not shown) and which, in operation, rotates between 0 and 10 revolutions per minute. Gearing (not shown) to be driven at selected speeds of 20 (although higher speeds are possible)
via an electric drive motor (not shown). A groove 12 is formed around the circumference of the rotating wheel member, the radial cross section of which is shown in FIG. The deep part of the groove has parallel annular sides 14 which connect to the radial base 16 of the groove. The converging mouth portion 18 of this groove has opposing frustoconical surfaces 20,
22. A fixed shoe member 24 supported by a lower pivot pin 26 extends around approximately one-quarter of the circumference of the wheel member 10 and cooperates therewith. The shoe member is held in its operating position by a retractable stop member 28, as shown in FIG. The shoe member has at its center (as viewed axially) a circumferentially extending protruding portion 30 which leaves a small axial transverse clearance gap 32, 34 on each side of the shoe member. 10 grooves 1
Partially protrudes into 2. The projecting portion 30 is constituted in part by a series of replaceable inserts, including a radial abutment member 36, an abutment support 38 downstream of the abutment member, and a die block upstream of the abutment member. 40 (having an extrusion die 42) and an arcuate wear member 44 upstream of said die block. Upstream of its wear member 44, the integral inlet portion 46 of the shoe member extends through the arcuate passageway 4.
8, the passage 48 extends downstream from a vertical feed inlet passage 50 located below the feed hopper 52, around the rotary wheel member to the front face 54 of the abutment member 36. Stretch. A radial cross-section of the passageway is shown in FIG.
6 and the inner surface 5 of the central member 30 of the show member 24
6. The abutting member 36, the die block 40, and the die 4
2 and arcuate member 44 are all made of a suitable hard, wear-resistant metal, such as high speed tool steel. The shoe member is provided with an outlet hole 58, which outlet hole 5
A metal product 6 8 is aligned with a corresponding hole 60 formed in the die block 40 and extruded through it.
1 (eg, a round wire) emerges from the orifice of the die 42. When the wheel member 10 rotates, the powder supply member sent from the hopper 52 through the inlet passage 50 to the inlet end of the arcuate passage 48 is recurved along the length of the arcuate passage 48, as shown in FIG. The die block 4 is carried clockwise by the moving groove surface of the rotating member.
The lower portion of the passageway near 0 is agglomerated to form a solid metal sludge without voids.
In this metal sludge, high pressure is continuously applied to the abutting member due to the frictional force of the moving groove surface. the pressure is sufficient to force the sludge metal out of the orifice of the die;
This results in an extruded product which exits through holes 58, 60 in the shoe member and die block. In this case, the output product consists of a tinted copper wire made from the pieces of wire that make up the feed material. A water tube 62 mounted around the lower end of the show member 24 has an outlet nozzle 64 .
4 is located and attached to the shoe member side located near the rotary wheel member 10. The nozzle is connected to the groove 1 of the rotary wheel member 10 when cooling water is sent to the water pipe.
2 and directs the jet directly to the downstream part of the abutment member that abuts it. Thus, the tip of the free end of the abutment member (where most of the heat is generated during operation) and the adjacent surface of the wheel member and groove are directly cooled by the flow of water from the jet directed thereto. The die block 40 includes internal water channels (not shown) and a supply of cooling water to surround the output product from the die and remove any heat remaining within the product. However, no such internal passage is formed in the abutment member. Thus, the strength of the abutment member is not diminished by internal water cooling to cool the member. If desired, the cooling of the apparatus can be enhanced by providing a cooling water sprinkler 65 above the hopper 52 to convey some cooling water into the arcuate passageway 48 along with the grinding feed material. The solidified metal sludge in the extrusion area near die block 40 is shown at 66 in FIG. The output product from the metal sludge is extruded through an extrusion die 42 by pressure in that area. The pressure also acts to force metal through the axial clearance gaps 32, 34 between the side walls of the groove and the respective opposing surfaces of the die block and abutment member. The extruded metal then gradually accumulates in a radial direction to form a strip 68 or flash of waste metal. To prevent these waste strips from becoming too large to be difficult to handle and manage, a plurality of transverse teeth 70 are attached to the expansion walls 20, 22 forming the mouth 18 of the groove 12. These wheels are evenly spaced around the wheel member, with teeth on one wall facing corresponding teeth on the opposite wall. If desired, the teeth on one wall can be staggered relative to the corresponding teeth on the other wall. In operation, the sloped surface 72 of the die block 40 guides the extruded waste strip 68 through each set of moving teeth 7.
0 path. When the moving teeth intercept such a waste strip 68, a piece of the strip is severed or otherwise torn from the extruded metal in the clearance gap. Thus, such extruded waste strips are removed as soon as they extend radially far enough to be intercepted by the moving teeth. In this way, these flashes are kept from becoming large enough to be difficult to dispose of. The teeth need not be sharp and may be attached to the vehicle part 10 in any suitable manner, such as by welding, for example. Figures 3 and 4 show other teeth being attached in a similar manner to other suitable surfaces of the wheel member 10. In these arrangements, the outer surface of the wheel member 10 cooperates with the correspondingly shaped surface of the corresponding shoe member 24, thereby controlling flash in a particularly desirable manner. In FIG. 3, the flashing immediately extends transversely or axially until it is intercepted by a plurality of projecting teeth, whereupon that portion of the flashing is broken from the extruded metal at the associated clearance gap. In FIG. 4, the flash extends diagonally but is interrupted by teeth projecting radially from the surface of the wheel member 10 (as in FIG. 2). For various reasons which will become apparent later on, it may be desirable or even necessary to treat the extruded product (wire 61) exiting the aforementioned continuous extrusion device of the extruded product processing device before sending it to the product collection and storage device. be. Additionally, it is desirable and effective to process the still warm extruded product from a continuous extrusion process. Such processing equipment may be configured, for example, to provide extruded products with superior or different surface finishes (e.g., pultrusion finishes) and/or more uniform outer diameters or gauges. Such processing equipment can also be used to provide finished products of different gauges and/or tolerances at different times from the same continuous extrusion product. For such purposes, the processing device may be a simple drawing die through which the extruded product is first processed;
It is then drawn out under tension to produce the finished product having the desired size, desired tolerance and/or desired quality. When such processing equipment is used to process extruded products, the continuous extrusion die 42 of the continuous extrusion equipment can be used for extended periods of time before wear during use causes the die hole to enlarge excessively and become unusable. be able to. Additionally, such processing equipment has dies that can be easily and quickly replaced so that output products with different gauges, different tolerances, and/or different qualities can be produced. One example of a continuous extrusion system having a continuous extrusion device and an extruded product processing device will now be described in connection with FIG. Referring now to FIG. 5, the illustrated system includes a continuous extrusion system 100 as previously described;
It can also be modified, if desired, as described below, in which the output copper wire produced by the apparatus is designated by the reference numeral 102, before passing through an accumulator 108 to a coiler 110. It is pulled through the sizing die 104 (reducing its gauge to the desired smaller value) by a pulling pulley device 106 passing around it many times. The pulley device 106 is an electric torque motor 11
The motor is connected to the output shaft of No. 2, and the power of the motor is given and controlled by a control device 114. The control device 114
first responds with (a) first signal 116; This signal 116 is transmitted to the extrusion device 100 and the sizing die 1.
wire pull sensor 118 that contacts wire 102 at a temperature between It is output as the first signal. The control device 114 is also responsive to a second electrical signal 120 from a temperature sensor 122 that measures the temperature of the wire 102 as it leaves the extrusion device 100. The control device 114 has a function generator 124, which generator
In response to the (temperature) signal 120, a third electrical signal is provided to its output circuit. This third electrical signal represents the yield stress strain for the particular wire 102 at the particular temperature represented by the second (temperature) signal. The third electrical signal 126 is sent as a reference signal to a comparator 128 (also part of the control device) where the first (tension) signal 116 is compared to the third signal (yield stress tension). ) compared to The surface signal of the comparator becomes a signal for controlling the addition of the torque motor. In operation, the torque motor maintains the pull of the wire leaving the extruder 100 at a predetermined value below the yield stress pull for a particular wire at a particular temperature when the wire leaves the extruder 100. It will be supported to a sufficient extent. Although in the example described above a jet of water was used to cool the tip of the abutment member, jets of other cooling fluids could be used instead (even cooling gas is possible). Even jets of suitable liquefied gases can be used. Note the following regarding the flash removal tooth 70 shown in the foregoing description. (a) The sharpness of the leading tooth (i.e., the cutting or breaking edge) of each tooth is not critical as long as the flash removal function is properly achieved. (b) The operating clearance between the tip of each tooth 70 and the adjacent opposing surface of the fixed shoe member 24 is not critical and is typically no more than 1-2 mm depending on the particular design of the device. (c) The greater the number of teeth spaced around each side of wheel member 10, the shorter the length of flash removed by each tooth. (d) The teeth are made of a suitable material, such as tool steel. (e) The teeth may be attached to the wheel member by any suitable method. When the equipment delivers an acceptable output extrudate from loose particles or ground feedstock,
The delivery capability is determined by the preferred method, such as the method shown in the drawings, in which the radial depth (i.e., height) of the arcuate passageway 48 is determined in the pressure accumulation area located immediately in front (i.e., upstream) of the front surface 54 of the abutment member 36. This is significantly enhanced by the relatively rapid decline in the direction of rotation of the wheel member 10. The removable dive block 40 is arranged circumferentially and coextensive with said area, and the aforementioned gradual reduction in the radial depth of the arcuate passages is caused by the groove 12 in the wheel member 10. This is achieved by suitably shaping the surface 40A of the die block facing the bottom. The surface 40A of the die block is shaped so that during operation of the device, a flow pattern of feed metal is produced in the area very similar to that which occurs when solid feed materials are used. In the preferred embodiment shown, surface 40A is planar and groove 12 at the point of contact with front surface 54 of abutment member 36.
tilt at a suitably small angle to a position tangent to the bottom of. The angle is ideally determined by (a) the area of the abutment member 36 that contacts the feed metal material under extrusion pressure and (b) the radial cross-sectional area of the passageway 48 at the inlet end of said section (i.e., the upstream end of the die block 40). (near radial cross-sectional area) of (i) the apparent density of the feed material entering said area at said inlet end and (ii) sufficient consolidation located near the front face 54 of the abutment member 36. It is preferable to set the value to a value that provides a preferable ratio to the density of the supplied material. In one satisfactory arrangement, the angle of inclination of the plane of the die block is such that the area of the abutment member that contacts the feed metal material under the extrusion pressure is such that the area across the radial direction of the passageway 48 at the inlet end of the area (i.e. the upstream end of the die block) It is formed to be half of the area. If desired, in another embodiment groove 1
The surface of the die block 2 facing the bottom of the die block is sloped in the manner described above over most of its circumferential length extending from said upstream end of the die block, and the die block member located in close proximity to the front face 54 of said abutment member. has a temperature located parallel (or virtually parallel) to the bottom of groove 12. The deeper penetration of the die block 40 into the groove 12, which results from the configuration of the surface 40A as previously discussed, also increases the clearance gap 32,
34 to increase the physical resistance to the desired extrusion of flash-forming metal, thereby significantly reducing the amount of feed metal material that forms such flashes. Furthermore, as the die block enters the groove 12, (a) the extra work on the feed material is reduced;
(b) The amount of flash formation is reduced; (c) the bending moment applied to the abutting member by the pressurized metal is reduced. Furthermore, by providing the die block with a flat working surface 40A, the cost of manufacturing the die block is also reduced. In the foregoing description, the car part 10 is driven by an electric drive motor at speeds within the aforementioned range, and other continuous extrusion machines performing similar operations use hydraulic drives and operate at appropriate operating speeds. Sprinkler 65, hopper 52 and passage 5
Another method of directing further chilled water through passageway 48 is to provide such additional cooling water when said passageway is filled with particulate feed material, but where said particulate feed material is still sufficiently solidified. It is introduced into the passageway (eg, through the passageway 67 formed in the shoe member 24) in an unattached state. It is believed that the highly effective cooling effect according to the present invention arises mostly from the following facts. That is, heat absorbed by a portion of the wheel member located temporarily adjacent to the hot metal in the closed extrusion zone upstream of the abutment member is absorbed by a portion of the wheel member located temporarily adjacent to the hot metal in the closed extrusion zone upstream of the abutment member, while the heat absorbed by the portion of the wheel member located temporarily adjacent to the hot metal in the closed extrusion zone upstream of the abutment member is transferred from that hot zone to the cooling zone located downstream of the abutment member. Due to the abundant supply of cooling fluid in the cooling zone (both due to the rotation of the wheel member and conduction of heat), it flows to a relatively large area of the wheel member through said cooling zone, and the salt-thermal extrusion from which most of the heat absorbed by the vehicle components in the area is absorbed. In this cooling zone, movement to the vehicle component is less restricted and a relatively large portion of the vehicle component is available for cooling. This is in direct contrast to the very small, closed cooling surfaces provided directly adjacent to the extrusion area in the portions of the shoe member (i.e., the die block and abutment member) that bound the extrusion area. As mentioned above, the cooling surfaces provided on these parts are precisely dimensioned due to the need to preserve the mechanical strength of these parts and to enable them to safely withstand the extrusion pressures applied to them. limited. The transfer phenomenon in which the heat absorbed by the car parts is transferred to the cooling zone can be greatly improved by introducing into the car parts metals that have good thermal conductivity and a high specific heat capacity (per unit volume). will be strengthened. However, since the vehicle component is made of a physically strong metal (e.g. steel), which provides adequate mechanical strength, it has relatively poor heat conduction properties. Therefore, in order to enhance the ability of the vehicle component to transfer heat to the cooling area, it is desirable to closely introduce a metal annular band, such as a copper band, with excellent heat absorption and transfer properties into the vehicle component. Such a thermally conductive band is conveniently constituted by an annular band attached around said vehicle member, preferably at least in part in said passageway 48.
(in the shoe member), the wheel member is configured to have the circumferential groove formed therein. If the extruded product of this machine is made of a metal with good thermal conductive properties, the thermally conductive band is composed of the same metal as the extruded product (for example copper). In other cases, said thermally conductive band is embedded in or rests on a second annular band, said second band being made of the same metal as the machine extrusion, and said second band being made of the same metal as the extruded product of the machine, and said second annular band being made of the same metal as the extruded product of the machine, and said second annular band being made of the same metal as the extruded product of the machine and being connected to the tip part of said abutment member. In contact, the two bands are made of different metals. The metals used in the thermally conductive band are selected to provide a product with higher thermal conductivity and specific heat per unit volume than tool steel, and include the following metals: namely copper, silver, beryllium,
These are gold, aluminum, tungsten, rhodium, iridium, molybdenum ruthenium, zinc, and iron. The rate at which heat is transferred from the extrusion zone to the cooling zone by such a thermally conductive band depends on the band's radial cross-sectional area, which can be increased by increasing its cross-sectional area. Thus, for a given transverse dimension, measured transversely to the circumference of the car part, the greater the radial depth of the band, the greater the heat transfer by the car part to the cooling zone. If the effective diameter of the wheel element is 233 mm, the rotational speed is 10 revolutions per minute, and the thermally conductive band has a U-shaped radial cross section, the rate of heat transfer by the wheel element from the extrusion zone to the cooling zone "R" changes with the change in the radial depth, i.e. the width, of the penetration of said abutment member 36 into its copper band, which cooperates with the wheel member in the following manner only by its rotation, i.e. the circumferential groove 12. It was calculated that the thickness of the copper band at the bottom of the radial direction changes with the change of the thickness "T". These calculations were based on the copper band having an approximately circular shaped interface with the adjacent part of the car part (tool steel) in the radial profile. The radial cross-sectional area "A" of the copper band thus varies non-linearly with the radial thickness "T" of the copper at the bottom of the groove 12.

[Table] 1 with a radial thickness T of 2 mm of such a wheel member and the copper band at the bottom of the groove 12
When operating in one practical device at the speed of said car part and extruding a 1.4 mm diameter copper wire at a speed of 150 meters per minute, heat is transferred at a rate of 10 kW by cooling water flowing at a rate as low as 4 liters per minute. pulled out from the vehicle member and the abutment member in the cooling zone,
The cooling water imparts a jet straightness of about 800 meters per minute to the surface to be cooled in the cooling zone. This heat extraction rate is 2.3 kW as a result of the heat conduction that occurs through the conduction band, the adjacent car part, and the abutment element induced by the temperature gradient existing between the extrusion zone and the cooling zone. indicates that heat reaches the cooling zone. This measured rate of heat extraction by the cooling water flowing through the cooling zone was found to be achieved by flowing the cooling water through internal cooling passages formed in the abutment member in a conventional manner. The maximum thermal extraction rate is very favorably matched. FIG. 6 shows how the rate of heat extraction from the vehicle components and abutment components in this cooling zone varies with changes in the flow rate of cooling water delivered to the cooling zone. The extrusion machine described above in connection with the drawings was, in the case of actual tests, equipped with said heat-conducting band made of copper. The band is shown at 74 in FIG.
2, which is conveniently shown in dotted line form in FIG. Note that cross-sectional views are shown). Second
As can be seen from reference numeral 74 in the figure, said copper band has a U-shaped radial cross-section, said band backing the rounded bottom 16 of the circumferential groove 12;
The band extended halfway down the parallel sidewalls of the groove. FIG. 7 is a similar view to FIG. 2, in which the car member 10
A modification example is shown below. In this variant, a solid copper annular band 76 with a substantially rectangular radial cross-section is formed by a cooperating steel side member 7 of said car member.
8 and is tightly tightened, so that when the drive shaft supporting the side member is driven by the drive motor, the band 76 is driven by the side member. There is. The band 76, at least initially, has a small internal groove 76A between the two side members 78 spanning the hermetic joint. The groove prevents the metal of the band from penetrating between these side members during assembly of the car part 10. The complementary frustoconical surfaces 76B and 78B of the band and side members facilitate assembly and disassembly of these portions of the vehicle component 10. The circumferential groove 12 is formed in the copper band by pivoting the shoe member 24 about its pivot pin 26 toward the circumference of the rotating wheel member 10, and by contacting the tip of the abutment member 36 with the copper band. , whereby the copper band is machined progressively deeper to form said grooves 12 therein. FIG. 8 shows another version of the variant of FIG. 7, in which the thermally conductive band consists of a composite annular band 80, in which an inner core 82 of a metal with good thermal conductivity (e.g. copper) is provided. ), which is in good heat conductive relationship with a sheath 84 of the same metal (e.g., zinc) being extruded by the machine. FIG. 9 shows yet another version of the modification of FIG. 7, in which the heat-conducting band consists of a composite band 86, the radially inner annular portion 88 of which is a good heat-conductor. It is surrounded in good heat transfer relation by a radially outer annular portion 90 of the same metal as that to be extruded by the machine. Ru. The circumferential groove is completely machined by an abutment member inside the radially outer portion 90 of the band. The metals extruded by the extrusion machine as mentioned above include: namely, copper and its alloys, aluminum and its alloys, zinc, silver, and gold. Various aspects of the subject matter of the invention which are not set out in the claims herein may be found in the same two UK patent applications no.
Claims of patent applications filed concurrently with other applications that similarly claim priority from No. 8309836 (filed on April 12, 1983) and No. 8302951 (filed on February 3, 1983) Please note that this is the content of the document.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the basic working part of the device, the cross-section being indicated by the - line in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show two variations of the drawing in FIG. Give an example. FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a system using the devices of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 6 shows the variation in chilled water flow rate ratio obtained from tests conducted on one device according to the invention. It is a graph showing a change in heat extraction rate with respect to. 7th~
FIG. 9 is a similar view to FIG. 2, showing various modifications of the vehicle components used in the device. FIG. 10 is similar to FIG. 1 and shows a modification of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Explanation of symbols, 10...Rotary wheel member, 12...Continuous circumferential groove, 14...Side wall of groove, 24...Show member, 30...Protruding portion, 32, 34...Operating clearance, 36...Abutment Members, 42...Die member, 48...Enclosed passageway, 50, 52...Feed material inlet device, 60, 58...Exit hole, 68...Waste material or debris, 70...Flush removal device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A rotary wheel member 10 arranged to be rotated by a drive device during operation, and a continuous circumferential groove 12 formed around the wheel member; (b) a portion 30 extending circumferentially around a portion of the circumference of said wheel member and projecting radially only partially into said groove with a small working clearance 32, 34 from said groove sidewall 14; (c) a cooperating shoe portion 24 having a feed material inlet device 50, 52; and this device is disposed at the inlet end of the passageway 48 to allow loose particulate or powdered feed material to flow into the passageway at the inlet, thereby increasing the flow of the car component into the passageway. upon rotation, their feed materials are frictionally conveyed by and in contact with the shew member towards the opposite outflow end of the passageway; (d) supported by the shew member; projecting radially into said passageway 48 at its outlet end, effectively closing said passageway at its outlet end, thereby preventing the passage of feed material frictionally carried within said groove 12 by said wheel member; (e) a die orifice 42 supported by the show member and opening from the passageway 48 at the outlet end;
a die member 42 having a die member 42 and a feed material carried in said groove 12 and frictionally compressed by rotation thereof when said wheel member 10 is driven, is compressed and continuously extruded through said opening. exiting the show member 24 through outlet holes 60, 58, the passageway 48 having a first section extending downstream from the inlet end of the passageway;
an adjacent, substantially shorter second section located downstream of the section and extending towards the die orifice, in the first section the particulate or powdered feed material is ,
The rotation of said wheel member 10 gradually removes voids in the consolidated and advancing feed material, so that a solid mass of feed metal material is formed, and in said second zone, the voids in the advancing feed material are gradually removed. The mass is progressively compressed by rotation of the wheel member 10 to a desired extrusion pressure sufficient to extrude the mass of metal through the die orifice 42 such that the radial depth of the passageway 48 is In the first zone it remains essentially unchanged and in the second zone it gradually decreases at a considerably high rate in the direction of rotation of the wheel part, in which metal flow occurs in the case of solid feed materials. Apparatus for continuously extruding metal from a particulate or powdered feed material in which a metal flow pattern closely resembles the pattern. 2 the show member portion 30 includes an insert 40 removably attached to the show member 24;
configured in the second section and extending circumferentially upstream from the abutment member, the insert having the die member 42 and further having a surface 40A opposite the bottom of the groove 12. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that its surface is shaped so as to gradually reduce the radial depth of said passageway (48) in said second region as described above. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the insert (40) consists of a plane inclined at a small angle to a position tangential to the bottom of the groove (12). 4 the plane touches the metal under the extrusion pressure against the radial cross-sectional area of the passageway 48 at the upstream inlet end of the second section;
The ratio of the area of the apparent density of the feed material entering the second zone at the inlet end to the density of the compressed and fully consolidated feed material located in the vicinity of the abutment member characterized by being inclined at the angle so as to be equal to the ratio,
An apparatus according to claim 3. 5 the plane is such that the area of the abutment member 36 touching the compressed metal is approximately half the radial cross-sectional area of the passageway 48 at the inlet end of the second section; Claim 4, characterized in that it is inclined at an angle.
Apparatus described in section.