JPH0113853Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a side clutch device for a transmission, in which a ball is sandwiched between a rotating shaft and a clutch so that it can only roll in the axial direction, thereby reducing the clutch operating force.

This side clutch device inevitably produces some radial play or play between the rotating shaft and the clutch supported by the ball, so while it can reduce the clutch operating force, it also reduces the clutch force. There is a risk that the clutch teeth will be damaged when the drive gear meshes, and this tendency becomes more pronounced as the clutch teeth are made into an internal gear and the number of teeth increases.

The present invention deals with this problem by supporting the drive gear 4 rotatably only between the rotating shafts 1 and 1 on both sides via the support shaft 2 having the same axis. Clutch tooth 4a provided in gear shape
A clutch 8 is provided for each rotating shaft, the ends of which engage alternately with clutch teeth 7a provided on the side wall of the outer casing, respectively, so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft are loosely fitted. A plurality of balls 9 are held between opposing axial grooves radially recessed in the inner circumferential surface of the clutch so as to be able to roll in the axial direction, and each clutch is always pressed toward the driving gear. Spring receiver 1 of spring 13
In the side clutch device in which the side end of the axial groove of the clutch is closed in step 4, a cylindrical stopper cylinder 10 that is slidably fitted into the clutch and has an outer diameter and a length approximately equal to the clutch stroke is attached to the rotating shaft. A short shaft portion 1c is integrally provided on the rotating shaft side, which is coaxially press-fitted and fixed to the end on the drive gear side, and is substantially adjacent to the end of the stopper cylinder on the side opposite to the drive gear and is always slidably fitted into the clutch, When the clutch is in the meshing position on the drive gear side, the center of the ball on the spring receiving side end is shorter than the shaft portion 1.
It is characterized by being configured to be located laterally than c.

The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention in which side clutches are attached to both axles 1, respectively.
A collar 3 is supported on a support shaft 2 which is rotatably attached with the same axis between 1 and 1, and an internal gear-shaped clutch tooth 4a of a drive gear 4 is closely fitted to the outside of the collar. By attaching the retaining ring 5 to the gear-shaped clutch teeth by sandwiching the collar 3, the drive gear 4 is rotatably supported between the axles 1 and 1 on both sides, and the drive gear 4 is connected to a speed change gear device including a gear 6 as appropriate. It is interlocked and connected to the upper input shaft via. The outer casing side clutch teeth 7a on both sides opposite to the internal gear-shaped clutch teeth 4a are cut into the inner ends of axle sleeves 7b fixed to both sides of the outer casing body 7, respectively.

Reference numeral 8 indicates a clutch tooth 8a that meshes with the internal gear-like clutch tooth 4a, and a clutch tooth 8 that meshes with the clutch tooth 7a.
b, the number of teeth of the clutch teeth 8b is smaller than the number of teeth of the clutch teeth 8a, and a shift fork (not shown) is provided in the middle of the clutch 8 and engages with an annular groove 8c. Spline groove-shaped axial grooves 1a and 8d are respectively provided in radial recesses facing each other in the axle 1 and clutch 8, and a plurality of steel balls 9 are respectively disposed between the two axial grooves and rotated in the axial direction. It can be held a little loosely.

10 is an outer diameter A that is slidably fitted into the clutch 8;
This is a stopper tube consisting of a cylindrical tube portion 10a having a length approximately equal to the clutch stroke S, and a stopper portion 10b that engages with the clutch.The stopper tube 10 is located at the inner end of the axle 1 as shown in FIG. The small diameter shaft portion 1b is press-fitted and fixed coaxially with the small diameter shaft portion 1b. A rotating shaft 1 having an outer diameter B slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the stopper cylinder 10 has a clutch 8 adjacent to the stopper cylinder.
A shaft portion 1c having an outer diameter C which is always slidably fitted inside is integrally provided, and a retaining ring 12 attached to the rotating shaft adjacent to the bearing 11 and the clutch 8 is provided with a shaft portion 1c for driving the clutch. A compression spring 13 is held between the gear 4 and always biased to mesh. Reference numeral 14 denotes a clutch-side spring bearing of the compression spring 13, and the spring bearing 14 closes the side end of the clutch-side axial groove 8d.

After the stopper tube 10 is press-fitted into the axle 1 and heat treated, the outer circumferential surfaces of the cylindrical portion 10a of the stopper tube and the shaft portion 1c of the axle 1 are preferably polished simultaneously to make the outer diameters A and C equal.

The present invention has the above configuration, and when the vehicle is to move straight, the clutch teeth 8a of both side clutches 8 sliding inwardly along each axle 1 by the elasticity of the spring 13 are engaged with the clutch teeth 4a, and the driving gear is 4, both axles 1, 1 are driven at a constant speed, and when the vehicle is to be turned around the centerline, the clutch 8 on the side to be turned (for example, the right side) is slid sideways and the clutch 8 is engaged as shown in Fig. 1. The drive gear 4 is disengaged, and the clutch teeth 7a, 8b
By engaging the right axle 1 with the outer casing 7,
7b, and the left axle 1 is driven by the drive gear 4.

When a ball is used in place of the key for slidably connecting the clutch to the rotational shaft as in the present invention, the rotational shaft is supported so that the clutch is supported on the rotational shaft only through the ball as described above. When the outer diameter of the clutch is set to the size B and a play is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the clutch, the cutting force of the clutch 8 meshed with the drive gear 4 is minimized, but on the other hand,
When the clutch meshes with the drive gear due to the elasticity of the spring 13, the clutch teeth are damaged.

In order to reduce this "backlash" of the clutch, the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 1 is set to a size C that allows it to slide into the clutch over the entire length of the clutch sliding part, as shown in FIG. If the stopper retaining ring 15 is attached to the rotating shaft side to prevent balls from falling out of the axial groove 1a of the clutch and the rotating shaft, D A gap is created between the clutch and the clutch teeth of the drive gear, which tends to shift the center of the clutch and the clutch teeth of the drive gear.
4a may be damaged. Moreover, when disconnecting the clutch at the driving gear side meshing position 8',
Because the rotation radius of the clutch engagement pin at the tip of the shift fork or the length of the rotating arm is small, the clutch engagement pin at the tip of the rotating shift fork will always rotate until the clutch disengages. The clutch comes off from the diameter line and the clutch is on rotation axis 1.
3, the left end of the clutch in Figure 3 directly contacts the rotating shaft, creating frictional resistance. This frictional resistance further biases the clutch sliding to the left in the figure, creating frictional resistance. , and the disconnecting force of the clutch increases accordingly. This drawback becomes particularly noticeable when the shift fork is constructed in the form of a single arm in order to make the transmission more compact, and the tip of the arm engages at one location in the annular groove on the outer periphery of the clutch. In the figure, 8'' indicates the engagement position of the clutch on the outer casing side.

However, in the present invention, since the stopper tube 10 has a length approximately equal to the clutch stroke, the stopper tube cooperates with the spring receiver 14 to prevent the ball 9 from falling out of the opposing axial grooves 1a and 8d. In addition, since both the stopper cylinder and the short shaft portion 1c have outer diameters that allow them to be slidably fitted into the clutch, the clutch 8 is moved to the driving gear side meshing position 8' (see Fig. 2) by the spring force. When the clutch is slid, the stopper cylinder cooperates with the short shaft portion to guide the center of the clutch on the drive gear side so that it coincides with the center of the drive gear. Damage can be prevented, and since the center of the ball at the spring receiving end is located laterally than the short shaft portion 1c when the clutch is in the driving gear side meshing position, when the clutch is in the driving gear side meshing position, In addition, even if the clutch is tilted with respect to the rotating shaft, the spring receiving end of the clutch is supported by the rotating shaft via the ball, and the disconnecting force of the clutch is reduced as in the case of Fig. 3. Does not increase.

Therefore, according to the present invention, compared to a case where the clutch is configured to be supported on the rotating shaft only through the balls, that is, when the outer diameter of the rotating shaft of the clutch sliding portion is set to dimension B, the drive gear side A slight increase in operating force when disengaging the clutch in the engaged position has the effect of preventing damage to the clutch teeth when the clutch is engaged with the drive gear.

In the illustrated embodiment, the stopper portion 10b is provided on the stopper cylinder 10 because the spring is inserted between the retaining ring 12 attached to the shaft and the clutch 8 when assembling the clutch 8 to the shaft 1 via the ball 9. This is to prevent the clutch from coming off when the side clutch 13 is attached, and this makes it easier to assemble the side clutch device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main parts of the rotating shaft, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a conventional rotating shaft. 1... Rotating shaft (axle), 2... Support shaft, 3... Collar, 4... Drive gear, 7, 7b... Outer casing, 8...
...Clutch, 9...Ball, 10...Stopper tube, 1
2... Retainer, 13... Compression spring, 14... Spring holder.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A drive gear 4 is rotatably supported between the rotating shafts 1 and 1 on both sides via a support shaft 2 having the same axis, and A clutch 8 is provided for each rotating shaft, the ends of which alternately mesh with clutch teeth 4a provided in the shape of a gear and clutch teeth 7a provided on the side wall of the outer casing in opposition to the clutch teeth 4a. A plurality of balls 9 are sandwiched so as to be able to roll in the axial direction between opposing axial grooves that are radially recessed in the inner peripheral surface of the clutch into which the rotating shaft is loosely fitted, and each of the clutches is driven respectively. In a side clutch device in which the side end of the axial groove of the clutch is closed by a spring bearing 14 of a spring 13 that is always pressed against the gear side, the length is approximately equal to the outer diameter and the clutch stroke to be slidably fitted into the clutch. A cylindrical stopper tube 10 having a cylindrical shape is press-fitted and fixed coaxially to the end of the rotating shaft on the side of the drive gear, and a short portion of the stopper tube is substantially adjacent to the end of the stopper tube on the side opposite to the drive gear and is always slidably fitted into the clutch. The shaft portion 1c is integrally provided on the rotating shaft side, so that when the clutch is in the driving gear side meshing position, the center of the ball at the spring receiving side end is located laterally than the short shaft portion 1c. A transmission side clutch device featuring: (2) A flange-shaped stopper portion 10b that is engaged by the clutch at the driving gear side meshing position of the clutch.
A side clutch device for a transmission according to claim (1), which is integrally provided at the end of the stopper cylinder 10 on the driving gear side.