JPH01126629A - Electromagnetic optical device - Google Patents
Electromagnetic optical deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01126629A JPH01126629A JP62284990A JP28499087A JPH01126629A JP H01126629 A JPH01126629 A JP H01126629A JP 62284990 A JP62284990 A JP 62284990A JP 28499087 A JP28499087 A JP 28499087A JP H01126629 A JPH01126629 A JP H01126629A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fine particles
- anisotropic
- optical device
- light control
- titanium oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910010420 TinO2n-1 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkaloid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940073609 bismuth oxychloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- AVVSGTOJTRSKRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydrogen phosphate;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O AVVSGTOJTRSKRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UWRBYRMOUPAKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead arsenate Chemical compound [Pb+2].O[As]([O-])([O-])=O UWRBYRMOUPAKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Bi]=O BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H lead(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［Ｍ集土の利用分野］
本発明は、異方性双極子微粒子を液体融電体中に分散さ
せたサスペンション（以後、ＤＰＳと省略する。）を用
いた電気磁気光学装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of application of M soil collection] The present invention is an electromagnetic system using a suspension (hereinafter abbreviated as DPS) in which anisotropic dipole fine particles are dispersed in a liquid melt. Related to optical devices.
本装置は２枚の透明電極を用いることによって電気的に
吸光度または反射率をコントロールすることのできる建
築・車輌用の所謂調光ガラスとして応用することができ
る。This device can be applied as so-called light control glass for buildings and vehicles, which can electrically control absorbance or reflectance by using two transparent electrodes.
また、本発明による装置は、透明電極を１枚用いるか２
枚用いるかによって、それぞれ反射型、透過型の表示素
子として用いることも可能なものである。Furthermore, the device according to the present invention may use one or two transparent electrodes.
Depending on whether they are used, they can be used as reflective or transmissive display elements.
［従来の技術］
異方性双極子微粒子サスペンションを利用する電気磁気
光学効果は、１９８０代の終り頃から知られており、こ
れに関する特許もい（つか出願されている（例えばＡ、
Ｍ、Ｎａｒｋｓ、ＵＳ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｎ。[Prior Art] The electromagneto-optical effect using an anisotropic dipole fine particle suspension has been known since the late 1980s, and patents related to this have also been filed (for example, A.
M, Narks, US Patent N.
３．２５７，９０３（１９８８）；Ｂ、Ｄ、Ｂｏｓｔｗ
ｌｃｋ、特開昭５１−６９０３８゜特許中ポストウィッ
クは、グアニン・塩基性炭酸鉛・オキシ塩化ビスマス・
ヒ酸水素鉛・リン酸水素鉛・二酸化チタン被覆マイカな
どの真珠状の光沢を有する平板状微粒子を用いた素子を
電気的に扱えるシャッタを持つ窓ガラスとして使用する
ことを提案している。その他に吸光度または反射率の電
気的制御により冷暖房の負荷の軽減を可能とするいわゆ
る“調光窓”としては、酸化タングステン膜の電気化学
的な酸化還元反応に伴なうスペクトル変化を利用するエ
レクトロクロミック素子（以後、ＥＣ素子と略称する。3.257, 903 (1988); B. D. Bostw.
lck, JP-A-51-69038゜Patented Postwick contains guanine, basic lead carbonate, bismuth oxychloride,
We are proposing the use of elements using tabular fine particles with pearl-like luster, such as lead hydrogen arsenate, lead hydrogen phosphate, and titanium dioxide-coated mica, as window glass with electrically operable shutters. In addition, so-called "dimming windows" that make it possible to reduce the load on air conditioning and heating by electrically controlling absorbance or reflectance include electromagnetic windows that utilize spectral changes associated with electrochemical redox reactions in tungsten oxide films. Chromic element (hereinafter abbreviated as EC element).
）が有望視されている６ （Ｃ，Ｍ、Ｌａｉ＋ｐｅｒ
ｔ、５ｏｌａｒ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙｌａｔｅｒ、Ｇ（１９８
１） １ ）
［発明が解決しようとする問題点コ
建築物における、正味のエネルギー消費量の少なくとも
２５％は光−熱としての窓からの流入・流出によるもの
である。従って、大面積調光ガラスの開発は、建纂・自
動車におけるエネルギーの有効利用という観点から、特
にガラスメーカーにとって非常に重要な課題である。) is seen as promising 6 (C, M, Lai+per
t, 5olar Energylater, G (198
1) 1) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention At least 25% of the net energy consumption in buildings is due to the inflow and outflow of light and heat through windows. Therefore, the development of large-area light control glass is a very important issue, especially for glass manufacturers, from the perspective of effective energy use in construction and automobiles.
しかしながら、例えばポストウィックらの提案した二酸
化チタン被覆マイカなどの平板状微粒子サスベンジ式ン
を用いたＤＰＳ素子を調光ガラスに応用した場合には、
該素子は透明５真珠色の電気光学的な変化をするのみで
あり、窓からの可視−近赤外領域の電磁波の流出入を制
御するという、所ｍ調光機能は不十分である。However, when a DPS element using a suction type of tabular fine particles such as titanium dioxide-coated mica proposed by Postwick et al. is applied to light control glass,
The element only exhibits an electro-optical change of transparent pearlescent color, and its dimming function of controlling the inflow and outflow of electromagnetic waves in the visible to near-infrared region from the window is insufficient.
これに対して前記ＥＣ素子は、十分な調光機能を有する
。これは、主にタングステンブロンズの可視−近赤外領
域の光に対する大きな吸収または反射に基づくものであ
る。On the other hand, the EC element has a sufficient dimming function. This is mainly due to the large absorption or reflection of light in the visible to near infrared region of tungsten bronze.
しかし、ＥＣ素子は電流駆動型であるために、大面積化
した場合に応答速度が著しく低下するばかりでなく、低
温では作動しないなどの問題点を有している。これらの
問題点のために、画素子ともそのまま大面積調光ガラス
に応用することはできない。However, since the EC element is a current-driven type, it not only has a significantly lower response speed when the area is increased, but also has problems such as not operating at low temperatures. Because of these problems, neither the pixel nor the pixel can be directly applied to large-area light control glass.
［問題点を解決するための手段］
本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたものであ
って、
（ａ）液体融電体中に分散された異方性双極子微粒子の
懸濁液、及び
（ｂ）上記懸濁液に電界または磁界の影響を受けさせる
手段から成る電気磁気光学ａｗＬにおいて、前記異方性
微粒子の表面がＴｉｎＯ２ｎ−１の一般式で表わされる
チタン酸化物で被覆されていることを特徴とする電気磁
気光学装置である。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and includes: (a) a suspension of anisotropic dipole fine particles dispersed in a liquid melt; and (b) an electromagneto-optical awL comprising means for subjecting the suspension to the influence of an electric field or a magnetic field, wherein the surface of the anisotropic fine particles is coated with titanium oxide represented by the general formula of TinO2n-1. This is an electro-magneto-optical device characterized by:
本発明の電気磁気光学装置に用いる異方性双極子微粒子
としては、ヘラパサイトに代表されるアルカロイド酸塩
の過ハロゲン化物、偏光性金属ノ１０ゲン化物、その過
ハロゲン化物、塩酸ナフオキシジン、グアニンなどの育
種化合物微粒子、または、塩基性炭酸塩、オキシ塩化ビ
スマス、ヒ酸水素鉛、リン酸水素鉛、グラファイト、マ
イカ、ざ（ろ石などの無機化合物微粒子、または、アル
ミニウム、クロミウム、金、パラジウム、銀、タンタリ
ウム、チタニウム、酸化スズ、酸化チタン、五酸化バナ
ジウムなどの金属及び金属酸化物の微粒子、または、こ
れらの金属、または金属酸化物で被覆されたマイカ、ガ
ラスフレークなどの微粒子などがある。The anisotropic dipole fine particles used in the electromagneto-optical device of the present invention include perhalides of alkaloid salts represented by herpasite, polarizing metal decogenides, perhalides thereof, naphoxidine hydrochloride, guanine, etc. Breeding compound fine particles, or inorganic compound fine particles such as basic carbonate, bismuth oxychloride, lead hydrogen arsenate, lead hydrogen phosphate, graphite, mica, slagstone, or aluminum, chromium, gold, palladium, silver , fine particles of metals and metal oxides such as tantalum, titanium, tin oxide, titanium oxide, and vanadium pentoxide, or fine particles such as mica and glass flakes coated with these metals or metal oxides.
表面をＴ ｉ ｎ ０２ｎ−１で被覆された異方性双極
子微粒子の作成方法としては、例えばマイカなどの平板
状微粒子にＴｉＯ２をオーバーコートし、更にこれを水
素還元、または窒素を含む化合物の雰囲気で還元するこ
とによって得られる。As a method for producing anisotropic dipole fine particles whose surfaces are coated with T in 02n-1, for example, tabular fine particles such as mica are overcoated with TiO2, and then this is further reduced with hydrogen or treated with a nitrogen-containing compound. Obtained by reduction in atmosphere.
その他に、気相反応法により（００１）面に平行な方向
に発達した正方板状のＴｉＯ２単結晶微粒子を作成する
ことができ、これに前と同様な還元処理を施こすことに
よって異方性のあるＴｉｎＯ２ｎ＝１微粒子を作成する
ことができる。更に、小林らは、Ｔ ｔ ０２を窒素ガ
スなど窒素原子を含む化合物中で還元処理を施こすこと
によって、微量のＮがドープされた安定なＴｉＯを作成
することができることを報告している（工業材料、１Ｌ
１３号、Ｐ、５０）。この材料は安定であるため、本調
光ガラスに好んで用いることができる。In addition, by using the gas phase reaction method, it is possible to create square plate-shaped TiO2 single crystal fine particles that grow in the direction parallel to the (001) plane, and by subjecting them to the same reduction treatment as before, the anisotropic It is possible to create fine particles of TinO2n=1. Furthermore, Kobayashi et al. have reported that stable TiO doped with a trace amount of N can be created by reducing T t 02 in a compound containing nitrogen atoms such as nitrogen gas ( Industrial material, 1L
No. 13, P, 50). Since this material is stable, it can be preferably used in the present light control glass.
次に、該異方性微粒子を分散させるための分散媒として
は異方性微粒子の分散安定性、屈折率、分解電圧、流動
点及び沸点、粘度などを考慮に入れて選ぶ必要がある。Next, the dispersion medium for dispersing the anisotropic fine particles must be selected taking into consideration the dispersion stability, refractive index, decomposition voltage, pour point and boiling point, viscosity, etc. of the anisotropic fine particles.
まず、分散媒は異方性微粒子を均一に分散させ、安定な
サスベンジタンを形成するものでなければならない。こ
の場合には、分散媒の比重が異方性微粒子の比重にでき
るだけ近いことが１つの条件となる。また、電圧印加時
、即ち、異方性微粒子整列時の透過率を最大限増加させ
るためには分散媒の屈折率が整列時の異方性微粒子の屈
折率と等しくなる様に分散媒を選ぶ必要がある。更に、
電気光学装置の長寿命化のためには分解電圧の高い分散
媒を選ぶ必要があり、かつ、イオン性不純物ができるだ
け少ない高純度のものを使用することが望ましい。また
、調光窓への応用を考えると、流動点は一２０℃以下、
沸点は８０℃以上のものが望ましく、更に、開閉速度、
特に開→閉方向速度は異方性微粒子のブラウン運動に強
く依存することから、粘度が低いものが好ましい。First, the dispersion medium must be capable of uniformly dispersing the anisotropic fine particles and forming stable subenditane. In this case, one condition is that the specific gravity of the dispersion medium be as close as possible to the specific gravity of the anisotropic fine particles. In addition, in order to maximize the transmittance when voltage is applied, that is, when the anisotropic particles are aligned, the dispersion medium should be selected so that the refractive index of the dispersion medium is equal to the refractive index of the anisotropic particles when they are aligned. There is a need. Furthermore,
In order to extend the life of an electro-optical device, it is necessary to select a dispersion medium with a high decomposition voltage, and it is desirable to use a dispersion medium of high purity with as few ionic impurities as possible. In addition, when considering application to dimming windows, the pour point is below -20°C.
The boiling point is preferably 80°C or higher, and the opening/closing speed,
In particular, since the speed in the opening→closing direction strongly depends on the Brownian motion of the anisotropic fine particles, a material with a low viscosity is preferable.
具体的には、ポリジメチルソロキサン等が例示できる。Specifically, polydimethylsoloxane and the like can be exemplified.
［作 用コ
、ＤＰＳ素子を調光ガラスに応用する場合には、濁度を
小さくし十分な透明感を与えるために微粒子の大きさを
サブミクロン（０，１μ■以下）にすることが必要であ
る。ところで、調光ガラスを用いて太陽光エネルギーを
制御するためには、大きく分けて太陽光に対する吸光度
を制御する方法と反射率を制御する方法が考えられる。[Operation: When applying a DPS element to light control glass, it is necessary to reduce the size of the particles to submicrons (0.1μ or less) in order to reduce turbidity and provide sufficient transparency. It is. By the way, in order to control sunlight energy using light control glass, there are two main methods: a method of controlling the absorbance of sunlight and a method of controlling the reflectance.
しかしながら、一般に粒子サイズが小さいほどその反射
率は低下することから、サブミクロン微粒子を用いて反
射率制御を行なうことは実質的に不可能である。However, in general, the smaller the particle size, the lower the reflectance, so it is virtually impossible to control the reflectance using submicron particles.
これに対して、ＤＰＳにおいて、全微粒子の占有体積率
（％）が一定である場合を考えると、微粒子化するほど
ＤＰＳ中の粒子数が増加する。従って、吸収モードを利
用する場合には、微粒子化は調光機能を増大させること
になる。このことは、分散安定性の悪いＤＰＳの電圧を
印加していない時（微粒子が無秩序状態）の透過率が、
微粒子の凝集のために経時的に増加することから明らか
である。On the other hand, considering the case where the occupied volume ratio (%) of all fine particles is constant in the DPS, the number of particles in the DPS increases as the particles become finer. Therefore, when using the absorption mode, atomization increases the dimming function. This means that the transmittance of DPS with poor dispersion stability when no voltage is applied (fine particles are in a disordered state) is
This is evident from the fact that it increases over time due to the agglomeration of fine particles.
一方、太陽光エネルギーの８０％以上は、可視−近赤外
域（３４０〜２５００ｎｍ）に分布している。On the other hand, more than 80% of sunlight energy is distributed in the visible-near infrared region (340 to 2500 nm).
以上のことから、優れた調光機能を得るために微粒子に
要求される光学的条件は、可視−近赤外の波長領域にお
いてできるだけ大きな吸光係数を有することであると考
えることができる。From the above, it can be considered that the optical condition required for fine particles in order to obtain an excellent dimming function is to have as large an extinction coefficient as possible in the visible-near infrared wavelength region.
ところで、ＴｉＯ２は、バンドギャップ＆ｖ３ｅＶの半
導体であり、白色である。しかしながら、Ｔ ｉ ０２
を還元して生成するＴ ｉ ｎ ０２ｎ−１は、その還
元度が進むにつれて、青色（２≦ｎ≦１０）、黒色（１
≦ｎ ＜ ２ ） 、茶色（ｎ＜１）の様に色調が様々
に変化する。従って、少なくとも表面をＴｉｎＯ２ｎ−
１で被覆された異方性微粒子を用いたＤＰＳ調光ガラス
は、ｎを制御することによってその色調を変えることを
可能にするものであり、デザイン面、７１７９２７面か
らのニーズにも広（応えることができるものである。By the way, TiO2 is a semiconductor with a band gap &v3eV and is white. However, T i 02
T i n 02n-1, which is produced by reducing , changes from blue (2≦n≦10) to black (1
≦n<2) and brown (n<1). Therefore, at least the surface is made of TinO2n-
DPS light control glass using anisotropic fine particles coated with 1 makes it possible to change the color tone by controlling n, and can meet a wide range of needs from the design and 717927 aspects. It is something that can be done.
第１図は種々の濃度のＴｉＯサスペンション（分散媒は
シリコンオイル）の可視−近赤外透過率スペクトルを示
している。゛これは、Ｔ ｉ ０１！１度の増加に伴な
って、可視−近赤外の全波長領域において透過率が著し
く減少することを示している。FIG. 1 shows visible-near-infrared transmittance spectra of TiO suspensions (dispersion medium is silicone oil) at various concentrations.゛This shows that as T i 01!1 degrees increases, the transmittance decreases significantly in the entire visible-near-infrared wavelength region.
このことはＴｉＯが可視−近赤外領域において、大きな
吸光係数を有することを意味しており、ＤＰＳ調光ガラ
スに応用した場合に大きなΔＴＧの増大が期待できる。This means that TiO has a large extinction coefficient in the visible-near infrared region, and a large increase in ΔTG can be expected when applied to DPS light control glass.
′この様子を第２図に図解して示す。'This situation is illustrated in Figure 2.
［実 施 例コ
ＴｉＯ２被覆マイカ微粒子２００ｍｇ （長辺約３μ議
、平均厚数十ｎｍ）を窒素ガス雰囲気中で微量のアンモ
ニアガスを流しながら、・８００℃−５ｈ加熱すること
によってＴｉＯ２を還元した。[Example] TiO2 was reduced by heating 200 mg of TiO2-coated mica particles (long side approximately 3μ thick, average thickness several tens of nanometers) at 800°C for 5 hours in a nitrogen gas atmosphere while flowing a trace amount of ammonia gas. .
この処理を行なうことによって微粒子は白色から黒色に
変化した。得られた黒色微粒子（Ｔｉｅ）をポリジメチ
ルシロキサン（ＰＳＯ）に分散させることによって、■
（ＴｉＯｗｔ／ＰＳＯｗｔ）Ｘ１００＝１％■２％■１
０％■１５％の計４１１類ノサスペンジーンを作成した
。これに微少量のビーズ杖スペーサー（平均粒径２５μ
■）を分散させた後に、これを２枚の透明導電膜付ガラ
ス基［（２００Ω／口）の間に挟んでサンドイッチセル
を作成した。By performing this treatment, the fine particles changed from white to black. By dispersing the obtained black fine particles (Tie) in polydimethylsiloxane (PSO),
(TiOwt/PSOwt)X100=1%■2%■1
A total of 411 type nosuspene genes of 0% and 15% were created. Add to this a small amount of bead spacer (average particle size 25μ)
(2) was dispersed and then sandwiched between two transparent conductive film-coated glass substrates [(200Ω/hole) to create a sandwich cell.
次に、このセルに４０Ｖａｃ （６０Ｈｚ）を印加する
前後の太陽光透過率（ＴＧ）を測定し、その変化幅・（
ΔＴＧ）を算出した。ΔＴＧが大きい程、調光機能が優
れていると考えて良い。Next, we measured the solar transmittance (TG) before and after applying 40Vac (60Hz) to this cell, and calculated the change width/(
ΔTG) was calculated. It can be considered that the larger ΔTG is, the better the dimming function is.
第３図は、ΔＴＧをＴｉ０ｗｔ％に対してプロットした
ものである。FIG. 3 is a plot of ΔTG versus Ti0wt%.
これは、ＴｉＯが約１０％までは、Ｔ［）濃度の増加に
伴なってΔＴＧが増加し、それ以上濃度が大きくなると
ΔＴＧは減少する。ＴｉＯが約１０％では、ΔＴＧは、
１６％に達している。ポストウィックらの提案した二酸
化チタン被覆マイカを用いた場合には、ΔＴＧは、約４
．５％であり、還元処理することによって、ΔＴＧが約
３．６倍に増大していることがわかる。This means that ΔTG increases as the T[) concentration increases up to about 10% TiO, and as the concentration increases beyond that, ΔTG decreases. At about 10% TiO, ΔTG is
It has reached 16%. When using titanium dioxide-coated mica proposed by Postwick et al., ΔTG is approximately 4
．． 5%, and it can be seen that ΔTG increases approximately 3.6 times by the reduction treatment.
［発明の効果］
本発明によるＤＰＳを利用した電気磁気光学装置は、従
来の装置に比べて、その調光機能を著しく高められたも
のである。これは主にＴｉＯが、可視−近赤外の広い波
長領域において大きな吸光係数を有することに起因して
いる。更に、ＴｉＯ２の還元度を適当に選ぶことによっ
て、黒色の他に青色、茶色などにすることも可能である
ことから、デザイン面・ファツジロン面からのニーズに
広く応えることができるものである。[Effects of the Invention] The electromagneto-optical device using the DPS according to the present invention has a significantly improved dimming function compared to conventional devices. This is mainly due to the fact that TiO has a large extinction coefficient in a wide wavelength range from visible to near infrared. Furthermore, by appropriately selecting the degree of reduction of TiO2, it is possible to make the color blue, brown, etc. in addition to black, so that it can meet a wide range of needs from the design and design aspects.
以上のことから、本発明による装置は、調光ガラスとし
て非常に有望である。From the above, the device according to the present invention is very promising as a light control glass.
第１図はＴｉＯサスベンジ日ンの可視−近赤外透過率ス
ペクトルを示す図、第２図及び第３図は、本発明の電気
磁気光ヤ装置の概念を示す模式図、第４図はＴｉＯ含育
量に対する透過率の変化幅を示す図である。
兼長 （ｎｍ）
第１図
第２図
第３図Figure 1 is a diagram showing the visible-near-infrared transmittance spectrum of TiO suspended sunlight, Figures 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams showing the concept of the electromagnetic optical device of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the visible-near infrared transmittance spectrum of TiO FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the range of change in transmittance with respect to the amount of growth. Kanega (nm) Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Claims (3)
粒子の懸濁液、 及び （ｂ）上記懸濁液に電界または磁界の影響を受けさせる
手段から成る電気磁気光学装置において、前記異方性微
粒子の表面がＴｉｎＯ＿２＿ｎ＿−＿１の一般式で表わ
されるチタン酸化物で被覆されていることを特徴とする
電気磁気光学装置。(1) An electromagneto-optical device comprising (a) a suspension of anisotropic dipole fine particles dispersed in a liquid melt, and (b) means for subjecting the suspension to the influence of an electric or magnetic field. An electro-magneto-optical device, wherein the surface of the anisotropic fine particles is coated with a titanium oxide represented by the general formula TinO_2_n_-_1.
１≦ｎ≦２）である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気磁
気光学装置。(2) The titanium oxide is TinO_2_n_-_1(
1≦n≦2) The electromagneto-optical device according to claim 1.
安定化されたＴｉＯである特許請求の範囲第１項又は第
２項記載の電気磁気光学装置。(3) The electromagneto-optical device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the titanium oxide is TiO stabilized by a trace amount of nitrogen doping.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62284990A JPH01126629A (en) | 1987-11-11 | 1987-11-11 | Electromagnetic optical device |
| US07/203,797 US4919521A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1988-06-02 | Electromagnetic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62284990A JPH01126629A (en) | 1987-11-11 | 1987-11-11 | Electromagnetic optical device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01126629A true JPH01126629A (en) | 1989-05-18 |
Family
ID=17685713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62284990A Pending JPH01126629A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1987-11-11 | Electromagnetic optical device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01126629A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0390225U (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-09-13 | ||
| US5463491A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1995-10-31 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Light valve employing a film comprising an encapsulated liquid suspension, and method of making such film |
| US5463492A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1995-10-31 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Light modulating film of improved clarity for a light valve |
| US6052395A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 2000-04-18 | Komatsu, Ltd. | Pulse laser |
| JP2005107394A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Particle for display device, method for manufacturing particle for display device, image display medium and image forming apparatus |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3257903A (en) * | 1960-11-21 | 1966-06-28 | Alvin M Marks | Electrically responsive light controlling devices employing suspended dipole particles and shear forces |
-
1987
- 1987-11-11 JP JP62284990A patent/JPH01126629A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3257903A (en) * | 1960-11-21 | 1966-06-28 | Alvin M Marks | Electrically responsive light controlling devices employing suspended dipole particles and shear forces |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0390225U (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-09-13 | ||
| US5463491A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1995-10-31 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Light valve employing a film comprising an encapsulated liquid suspension, and method of making such film |
| US5463492A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1995-10-31 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Light modulating film of improved clarity for a light valve |
| US6052395A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 2000-04-18 | Komatsu, Ltd. | Pulse laser |
| JP2005107394A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Particle for display device, method for manufacturing particle for display device, image display medium and image forming apparatus |
| US7864406B2 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2011-01-04 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Display device particles, process for producing the same, image-display medium, and image-forming device |
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