JPH01121392A - Refrigeration medium - Google Patents
Refrigeration mediumInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01121392A JPH01121392A JP62280045A JP28004587A JPH01121392A JP H01121392 A JPH01121392 A JP H01121392A JP 62280045 A JP62280045 A JP 62280045A JP 28004587 A JP28004587 A JP 28004587A JP H01121392 A JPH01121392 A JP H01121392A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- freon
- weight
- component
- refrigerant
- performance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)C(F)(F)F BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)Cl BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 fluorocarbon compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical class F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical class FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JQZFYIGAYWLRCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)Cl JQZFYIGAYWLRCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、冷凍機の動作流体、いわゆる冷媒に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a working fluid for a refrigerator, a so-called refrigerant.
従来技術とその問題点
従来、冷媒としては、クロロフルオロ炭化水素、フルオ
ロ炭化水素、これらの共沸組成物並びにその近辺の組成
の組成物が知られている。これらは、フロン又はフロン
系冷媒と称され、現在ジクロロジフルオロメタン（以下
フロン−１２という）、クロロジフルオロメタン（フロ
ン−２２）等が主に使用されている。しかしながら、近
年、大気中に放出された場合ある種のフロンが成層圏の
オゾン層を破壊し、その結果、人類を含む地球上の生態
系に重大な悪影響を及ぼすことが指摘されている。この
ような指摘は、未だ科学的に実証されているとは言い難
いが、趨勢として、は、オゾン層破壊の可能性の高いフ
ロンについては、国際的な取り決めにより、使用及び生
産を統制する方向にある。統制の対象となるフロン°の
一種にフロン−１２がある。冷凍・空調設備の普及に伴
い、需要が毎年増大しているフロンの使用及び生産の統
制は、居住環境を始めとして、現在の社会機構全般に与
える影響が大きい。従って、フロン−１２の使用量を削
減でき且つ冷凍性能、特に成績係数に優れた冷媒の開発
が緊急の課題となっている。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as refrigerants, chlorofluorohydrocarbons, fluorohydrocarbons, azeotropic compositions thereof, and compositions in the vicinity thereof have been known. These are called fluorocarbons or fluorocarbon-based refrigerants, and currently dichlorodifluoromethane (hereinafter referred to as fluorocarbon-12), chlorodifluoromethane (fluorocarbon-22), etc. are mainly used. However, in recent years, it has been pointed out that certain types of fluorocarbons, when released into the atmosphere, destroy the ozone layer in the stratosphere, and as a result, have a serious negative impact on the earth's ecosystem, including humans. Although such points have not yet been scientifically proven, there is a trend toward controlling the use and production of fluorocarbons, which have a high potential for ozone layer depletion, through international agreements. It is in. One type of fluorocarbon that is subject to control is fluorocarbon-12. Control of the use and production of fluorocarbons, whose demand is increasing every year with the spread of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, has a major impact on the living environment and all of today's social institutions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a refrigerant that can reduce the amount of Freon-12 used and has excellent refrigeration performance, particularly a coefficient of performance.
ここに、成績係数とは、冷凍能力／圧縮仕事の比で示さ
れるものである。冷凍能力は、被冷却体が奪われる単位
時間当たりの熱量であり、圧縮仕事は、単位時間当たり
の冷凍機運転のための動力の仕事世であるから、成績係
数は、冷媒の効率に相当するものである。Here, the coefficient of performance is expressed as the ratio of refrigeration capacity/compression work. Refrigeration capacity is the amount of heat taken by the object to be cooled per unit time, and compression work is the work of power to operate the refrigerator per unit time, so the coefficient of performance corresponds to the efficiency of the refrigerant. It is something.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明者は、フロン統制の理念にのっとり、統制対象フ
ロンの使用抑制につながる成績係数の優れた新たな冷媒
を得るべく、種々研究を重ねてきた。その結果、フロン
−１２に、オゾン層に及ぼす影響が小さい特定のフロン
化合物を配合する場合には、フロン−１２よりも優れた
成績係数を発揮することを見出した。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted various studies in accordance with the philosophy of fluorocarbon control in order to obtain a new refrigerant with an excellent coefficient of performance that will lead to a reduction in the use of regulated fluorocarbons. As a result, it has been found that when Freon-12 is blended with a specific Freon compound that has a small effect on the ozone layer, a coefficient of performance superior to that of Freon-12 is exhibited.
すなわち、本発明は、（１）ジクロロジフルオロメタン
と■ジフルオロメタン、クロロテトラフルオロエタン、
ペンタフルオロエタン及び１−クロロ−１，１−ジフル
オロエタンからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも１種のフ
ロン化合物とからなる冷媒に係る。That is, the present invention provides (1) dichlorodifluoromethane and (ii) difluoromethane, chlorotetrafluoroethane,
The present invention relates to a refrigerant comprising at least one fluorocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of pentafluoroethane and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane.
本発明冷媒組成物は、■のフロン化合物としてジフルオ
ロメタンを使用する時は、（１）ジクロロジフルオロメ
タン（フロン−１２）９９〜５重量％と■ジフルオロメ
タン（フロン−３２）１〜９５重量％とからなることが
好ましい。■のフロン化合物としてジフルオロメタン以
外のものを使用する時は、（１）フロン−１２９５〜５
重量％と■クロロテトラフルオロエタン（フロン１２４
又はフロン１２４ａ）、ペンタフルオロエタン（フロン
−１２５）及び１−クロロ−１，１−ジフルオロエタン
（フロン−１４２ｂ）からなる群から選ばれた少くとも
１種のフロン化合物５〜９５重量％とからなることが好
ましい。（１）のフロン−１２と（０のフロン化合物と
の配合割合が、このような範囲内にある場合には、フロ
ン−１２単独の場合に比して、成績係数の大幅な向上が
認められる。特に好ましい混合範囲は、フロン−１２と
ジフルオロメタンとからなる冷媒では、前者９９〜４０
重全％に対し後者１〜６０重量％であり、フロン−１２
とクロロテトラフルオロエタンとからなる冷媒では、前
者９５〜１５重量％に対し後者５〜８５重最％であり、
フロン−１２とペンタフルオロエタンとからなる冷媒で
は、前者９５〜４５重量％に対し後者５〜５５重量％で
あり、フロン−１２と１−クロロ−１，１−ジフルオロ
エタンとからなる冷媒では、前者８５〜５重量％に対し
後者１５〜９５重量％である。When difluoromethane is used as the fluorocarbon compound in the refrigerant composition of the present invention, (1) 99 to 5% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon-12) and 1 to 95% by weight of difluoromethane (Freon-32). It is preferable to consist of. When using something other than difluoromethane as the fluorocarbon compound in (1) Freon-1295-5
Weight% and ■ Chlorotetrafluoroethane (Freon 124
or 5 to 95% by weight of at least one fluorocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of Freon 124a), pentafluoroethane (Freon-125) and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (Freon-142b). It is preferable. When the blending ratio of Freon-12 (1) and Freon compound (0) is within this range, the coefficient of performance is significantly improved compared to when Freon-12 is used alone. A particularly preferable mixing range for a refrigerant consisting of Freon-12 and difluoromethane is 99 to 40 for the former.
The latter is 1 to 60% by weight relative to the total weight, and Freon-12
and chlorotetrafluoroethane, the former is 95 to 15% by weight, while the latter is 5 to 85% by weight,
In a refrigerant consisting of Freon-12 and pentafluoroethane, the former is 95 to 45% by weight, while the latter is 5 to 55% by weight, and in a refrigerant consisting of Freon-12 and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, the former is 95 to 45% by weight. The latter is 15-95% by weight compared to 85-5% by weight.
本発明において使用するタロロチドラフルオロエタンと
しては、２−クロロ−１，１，１，２−テトラフルオロ
エタン（フロン−１２４）及び１−クロロ−１，１，２
，２−テトラフルオロエタン（フロン−１２４ａ）が挙
げられる。フロンー１２４とフロン−１２４ａとは、本
発明組成物中で同等の効果を発揮するので、相互に転換
又は混用可能である。The talorotide fluoroethane used in the present invention includes 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (Flon-124) and 1-chloro-1,1,2
, 2-tetrafluoroethane (Freon-124a). Since Freon-124 and Freon-124a exhibit equivalent effects in the composition of the present invention, they can be interchanged or used in combination.
発明の作用及び効果
本発明組成物は、非共沸組成物としての特徴を利用する
ことができる。一般に、単一化合物及び共沸組成物では
、蒸発器における蒸発温度は、蒸発が定圧下に行われる
ために、一定であるが、非共沸組成物では、蒸発器入口
で低温となり、蒸発器出口で高温となる。一方、被冷却
流体は、蒸発器での冷媒の流れと向流方向に熱交換する
ように流されるので、冷媒の蒸発温度が一定であっても
、流れに沿って温度勾配を有する。すなわち、蒸発器内
では、冷媒と被冷却流体との温度差は、被冷却流体が進
むにしたがって、小さくなる。本発明による組成物を使
用する場合には、蒸発器内での被冷却流体の温度勾配に
近付けることが可能となり、冷凍の効率、即ち成績係数
を高めることができる。Functions and Effects of the Invention The composition of the present invention can utilize its characteristics as a non-azeotropic composition. Generally, for single compounds and azeotropic compositions, the evaporation temperature in the evaporator is constant because the evaporation is carried out under constant pressure, but for non-azeotropic compositions, the temperature is low at the evaporator inlet, and the evaporation temperature is constant at the evaporator inlet. It becomes hot at the exit. On the other hand, the fluid to be cooled is caused to flow so as to exchange heat in a countercurrent direction to the flow of the refrigerant in the evaporator, so even if the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is constant, there is a temperature gradient along the flow. That is, within the evaporator, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the fluid to be cooled becomes smaller as the fluid to be cooled advances. When using the composition according to the invention, it is possible to approach the temperature gradient of the fluid to be cooled in the evaporator, thereby increasing the efficiency of refrigeration, ie the coefficient of performance.
実施例
以下に実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明の特徴とすると
ころをより一層明らかにする。EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the characteristics of the present invention.
実施例１〜７及び比較例１
フロン−１２とフロン−３２とを第１表に示ス種々の割
合（重量比）で混合し、冷媒とした。Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 1 Freon-12 and Freon-32 were mixed at various ratios (weight ratios) shown in Table 1 to prepare refrigerants.
１馬力の冷凍機において、凝縮器における冷媒の凝縮開
始温度を５０℃、蒸発器入口における冷媒の温度を０℃
、蒸発器過熱度を５℃とし、第１表に示す組成の冷媒を
使用して、運転を行った。第１表に最高蒸発温度（℃）
、冷凍能力（ｋｃａｌ／ｍ）、成績係数及び圧縮機吐出
温度（℃）を併記する。In a 1 horsepower refrigerator, the condensation start temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser is 50°C, and the refrigerant temperature at the evaporator inlet is 0°C.
The evaporator superheat degree was set to 5° C., and the operation was carried out using a refrigerant having the composition shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the maximum evaporation temperature (℃)
, refrigerating capacity (kcal/m), coefficient of performance, and compressor discharge temperature (°C).
尚、第１表には、フロン−１２のみを使用する場合（比
較例１）の結果を合わせて示す。Table 1 also shows the results when only Freon-12 was used (Comparative Example 1).
また、第１図には、フロン−１２とフロン−３２との組
成比と成績係数（曲線Ａ）との関係を表すグラフを示す
。Further, FIG. 1 shows a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Freon-12 and Freon-32 and the coefficient of performance (curve A).
第１表及び第１図に示す結果から、本発明冷媒の優れた
特性が明らかである。From the results shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, the excellent characteristics of the refrigerant of the present invention are clear.
実施例８〜１３
フロン−１２とフロン−１２４とを第２表に示す種々の
割合（重量比）で混合して得た冷媒を使用する以外は、
実施例１〜７と同様にして、夫々の特性を調べた。Examples 8 to 13 Except for using a refrigerant obtained by mixing Freon-12 and Freon-124 at various ratios (weight ratios) shown in Table 2,
The characteristics of each were investigated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 7.
第２表に各冷媒の最高蒸発温度（℃）、冷凍能力（ｋｃ
ａｌ／Ｔｄ）、成績係数及び圧縮機吐出温度（℃）を併
記する。Table 2 shows the maximum evaporation temperature (℃) and refrigeration capacity (kc) of each refrigerant.
al/Td), coefficient of performance, and compressor discharge temperature (°C).
また、第２図には、フロン−１２とフロン−１２４との
組成比と成績係数（曲線Ｂ）との関係を表すグラフを示
す。Further, FIG. 2 shows a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Freon-12 and Freon-124 and the coefficient of performance (curve B).
実施例１４〜１９
フロン−１２とフロン−１２５とを第３表に示す種々の
割合（重量比）で混合して得た冷媒を使用する以外は、
実施例１〜７と同様にして、夫々の特性を調べた。Examples 14 to 19 Except for using a refrigerant obtained by mixing Freon-12 and Freon-125 at various ratios (weight ratios) shown in Table 3.
The characteristics of each were investigated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 7.
第３表に各冷媒の最高蒸発温度（℃）、冷凍能力（ｋｃ
ａｌ／ｍ） 、成績係数及び圧縮機吐出温度（’Ｃ）を
併記する。Table 3 shows the maximum evaporation temperature (℃) and refrigeration capacity (kc) of each refrigerant.
al/m), coefficient of performance, and compressor discharge temperature ('C).
また、第３図には、フロン−１２とフロン−１２５との
組成比と成績係数（曲線Ｃ）との関係を表すグラフを示
す。Further, FIG. 3 shows a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Freon-12 and Freon-125 and the coefficient of performance (curve C).
実施例２０〜２５
フロン−１２とフロン−１４２ｂとを第４表に示す種々
の割合（重量比）で混合して得た冷媒を使用する以外は
、実施例１〜７と同様にして、夫々の特性を調べた。Examples 20 to 25 The same procedures as Examples 1 to 7 were carried out, except that refrigerants obtained by mixing Freon-12 and Freon-142b at various ratios (weight ratios) shown in Table 4 were used, respectively. We investigated the characteristics of
第４表に各冷媒の最高蒸発温度（℃）、冷凍能力（ｋｃ
ａｌ／ｍ） 、成績係数及び圧縮機吐出温度（℃）を併
記する。Table 4 shows the maximum evaporation temperature (℃) and refrigeration capacity (kc) of each refrigerant.
al/m), coefficient of performance, and compressor discharge temperature (°C).
また、第４図には、フロン−１２とフロン−１４２ｂと
の組成比と成績係数（曲線Ｄ）との関係を表すグラフを
示す。Further, FIG. 4 shows a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Freon-12 and Freon-142b and the coefficient of performance (curve D).
第１図乃至第４図は、本発明冷媒の性能を示すグラフで
ある。
（以 上）1 to 4 are graphs showing the performance of the refrigerant of the present invention. (that's all)
Claims (1)
オロメタン、クロロテトラフルオロエタン、ペンタフル
オロエタン及び１−クロロ−１，１−ジフルオロエタン
からなる群から選ばれた少くとも１種のフロン化合物と
からなる冷媒。 ［２］ジクロロジフルオロメタン９９〜５重量％とジフ
ルオロメタン１〜９５重量％とからなる特許請求の範囲
第１項に記載の冷媒。 ［３］ジクロロジフルオロメタン９９〜４０重量％とジ
フルオロメタン１〜６０重量％とからなる特許請求の範
囲第２項に記載の冷媒。 ［４］（１）ジクロロジフルオロメタン９５〜５重量％
と（２）クロロテトラフルオロエタン、ペンタフルオロ
エタン及び１−クロロ−１，１−ジフルオロエタンから
なる群から選ばれた少くとも１種のフロン化合物５〜９
５重量％とからなる特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の冷媒
。 ［５］ジクロロジフルオロメタン９５〜１５重量％とク
ロロテトラフルオロエタン５〜８５重量％とからなる特
許請求の範囲第４項に記載の冷媒。 ［６］ジクロロジフルオロメタン９５〜４５重量％とペ
ンタフルオロエタン５〜５５重量％とからなる特許請求
の範囲第４項に記載の冷媒。 ［７］ジクロロジフルオロメタン８５〜５重量％と１−
クロロ−１，１−ジフルオロエタン１５〜９５重量％と
からなる特許請求の範囲第４項に記載の冷媒。[Scope of Claims] [1] At least one member selected from the group consisting of (1) dichlorodifluoromethane and (2) difluoromethane, chlorotetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane. A refrigerant consisting of chlorofluorocarbon compounds. [2] The refrigerant according to claim 1, comprising 99 to 5% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and 1 to 95% by weight of difluoromethane. [3] The refrigerant according to claim 2, comprising 99 to 40% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and 1 to 60% by weight of difluoromethane. [4] (1) Dichlorodifluoromethane 95-5% by weight
and (2) at least one fluorocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of chlorotetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane 5 to 9
5% by weight of the refrigerant according to claim 1. [5] The refrigerant according to claim 4, comprising 95 to 15% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and 5 to 85% by weight of chlorotetrafluoroethane. [6] The refrigerant according to claim 4, comprising 95 to 45% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and 5 to 55% by weight of pentafluoroethane. [7] 85-5% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and 1-
The refrigerant according to claim 4, comprising 15 to 95% by weight of chloro-1,1-difluoroethane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62280045A JPH01121392A (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1987-11-04 | Refrigeration medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62280045A JPH01121392A (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1987-11-04 | Refrigeration medium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01121392A true JPH01121392A (en) | 1989-05-15 |
Family
ID=17619530
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62280045A Pending JPH01121392A (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1987-11-04 | Refrigeration medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01121392A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4978467A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1990-12-18 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of pentafluoroethane and difluoromethane |
| US5185094A (en) * | 1990-12-17 | 1993-02-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Constant boiling compositions of pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane, and tetrafluoroethane |
-
1987
- 1987-11-04 JP JP62280045A patent/JPH01121392A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4978467A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1990-12-18 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of pentafluoroethane and difluoromethane |
| US5185094A (en) * | 1990-12-17 | 1993-02-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Constant boiling compositions of pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane, and tetrafluoroethane |
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