JPH01114359A - Stepping motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase torque efficiency by arranging and providing a pair of electromagnetic coils with an electrical angle smaller than 100 deg. against the pole pitch of a rotor which makes an opposite pole of stator teeth. CONSTITUTION:A multipolar anisotropic orientation resin magnet rotor 1 that a plurality of magnetic poles N and S are alternately magnetized, a rotor shaft 1A, a motor supporting plate 2, a bearing plate 3 and others are provided on the peripheral surface of a steeping motor, and yoke members 5L having a plurality of stators 4 which are formed in the shape of comb line type, a core 7 on which an electromagnetic coil 6A is wound up and a core 8 similar thereto are fixed on the supporting plate 2 and bearing plate 3 respectively. Stator teeth of the stators 4 are placed within 100 deg. of an electrical angle. According to the constitution, variations of component tolerance are absorbed by the stator teeth having a width less than 100 deg. of the electrical angle (when P is the pitch, less than about 1/2), the forced stable point (number of calkings) can be stopped at a position equivalent to double the number of poles of the rotor 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a stepping motor, and more particularly to a small, multipolar stepping motor having a rotor, a stator yoke, and an electromagnetic coil.

[Prior Art] In a recently invented stepping motor having stator teeth, when arranging the stator on the stator yoke and configuring the stator teeth in the axial direction of the rotor, the stator teeth are arranged in a skew shape. In other words, the area facing the rotor is increased so that torque can be obtained in response to the miniaturization of the motor.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional technology described above, since the configuration is a common stepping motor, theoretically, the coking torque during rotation is either zero or twice the number of rotor magnetic poles. Bulky,
Moreover, although this configuration produces a very weak coking torque, the structure of the stator teeth arranged in the axial direction of the rotor from the stator facing each other on the left and right sides of the rotor is affected by variations in component precision, that is, the stator teeth Due to the position, air gap with the rotor, eccentricity of the rotor, etc., there is a problem that the stable stopping position (coking number) when no power is applied is only generated by the number of rotor magnetic poles, and furthermore, the coking torque is very large and the torque loss is large. However, there are problems in that stable starting and stopping are not possible because sufficient output torque is not obtained and the coking position (stop position) is not as theoretically determined.

The present invention attempts to solve these problems.

[Means for solving the problem] A multi-polar rotor, a yoke member disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the rotor, and a yoke member formed by bending and extending from the yoke member and arranged in the axial direction of the rotor. and an electromagnetic coil attached to the yoke member to generate a magnetic field in the stator teeth, and the stator teeth have an electrical angle of 100 with respect to the magnetic pole pitch of the rotor facing the stator teeth. ° or less.

[Function] Electrical angle of 100° or less placed at left and right opposing positions of the rotor,
In other words, if the pitch is P, by providing stator teeth with a width of approximately 172P or less, variations in component accuracy are absorbed and the stable point (cogging number) is forced to a position twice the number of magnetic poles of the rotor. Since the coking torque is also reduced and stable stopping is possible, the starting performance and responsiveness are excellent, and the controllability is improved.

[Example] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a multipolar anisotropically oriented resin magnet rotor in which a plurality of magnetic poles N and S are alternately magnetized on the outer peripheral surface;
IA is its rotor axis. The rotor shaft IA is pivotally supported by a bearing portion 2A of a motor support plate 2 and a bearing portion 3A of a bearing plate 3.
The yoke members 5LI, 5L2 having a plurality of stators 4 formed in a toothed shape and the iron/'C,%7 around which the electromagnetic coil 6A is wound, and the similar yoke members 5R1, 5
R2 and the iron core 8 around which the electromagnetic coil 6B is wound are each fixed by caulking means, screwing means, or the like.

Further, 2B and 3B are holes drilled in the motor support plate 2 and the bearing plate 3 in order to penetrate the iron core 7.8 and caulk the tip thereof, and 5A is a hole bored in the yoke member sL1.
(5), 5L2 (5).

This is a caulking hole for fixing 5R1 (5) and 5R2 (5).

Next, the stator 4°4.4. which is formed into a comb tooth shape.・
The arrangement of the stator teeth of... is explained with reference to FIG. 2, in which the electrical angle is within 100°, which is a feature of the present invention.

That is, FIG. 2 shows a comb-shaped stator 4.4.4. . . . is a diagram showing the principle of arrangement of electromagnetic coils 6A and 6B that excite the stator yoke, and the stators 4.4° 4, . The rotor 1 is composed of a stator group excited by the B-phase TL magnetic cocoil 6B, and a stator group excited by the B-phase TL magnetic cocoil 6B, and the stable stopping position of the rotor 1 is twice the number of magnetic poles (the position where each 172P is activated).
The stator 4.4, 4. ...is arranged.

In other words, the stator 4° 4.4. ...(stator i) is limited in size.

FIG. 3 shows the operation of the stepping motor constructed as described above.

That is, in the stepping motor of this embodiment, in the four stages of FIG. , 1/4P
(P is the pitch), and the rotor 1 rotates at a pitch of forms a magnetic path via the stator and the yoke member, so the stator tooth 4L of the left yoke member 5Ll
1 and the stator teeth 4L2 of the yoke member 5L2 are stopped facing l1fi8iS and N of the rotor 1, respectively.

On the other hand, the stator teeth 4R1 of the right yoke member 5R1 and the stator teeth 4R2 of the yoke member 5R2 are half poles, not opposed to the magnetic poles S and N of the rotor 1, that is, 17
In this way, the yoke phase on the right side and the yoke phase on the left side are set to be deviated by 1/2P.

That is, the pitch P is the magnetized magnetic pole pitch in the rotor 1, and therefore, in this case, the angle θ shown in FIG.
In addition, the pitch between the stator teeth 4L1 and 4L2 constituted by the yoke member 5L1°512 and the yoke member 5R1
, SR2, the pitch between the stators 14R1 and 4R2 corresponds to the pitch P described above.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3(0) from the state of FIG. 3(a), the electromagnetic coil 6A is energized in the opposite direction (this state is changed to B).
), and when the electromagnetic coil 6B is energized in the positive direction (this state is shown by A), an N pole is generated in the stator tooth 4L1, an S pole is generated in the stator tooth 4L2, and the fixed An S pole is generated in the child tooth 4R1, and an N pole is generated in the stator @4R2. In this way, the rotor 1 can be rotated in a counterclockwise direction due to mutual repulsion and attraction between the poles on the rotor 1 and the poles generated on the individual stators. That is, at this time, the left stators 14L1, 4
L2 and the stator teeth 4R1 and 4R2 on the right side are l/2 P
Since the poles on the rotor 1 and the poles on the yoke side move counterclockwise by 1/4 P from the state shown in Figure 3 (a) in an attempt to maintain balance, they stabilize. and stop.

Next, in the state shown in FIG. 3 (b), the electromagnetic coil 6A
When the energization is stopped and the energization A is continued only to the electromagnetic coil 6B to achieve the state shown in FIG. Due to the suction action between the opposing poles of the rotor 1, the rotor 1 further rotates by 1/4 P in the counterclockwise direction.

Next, in the state shown in FIG. 3 (8), the electromagnetic coil 6A
As shown in FIG. 3 (:), by applying current B in the positive direction, the rotor 1 is further reduced by 1/4 using the same principle.
It can be rotated counterclockwise by P.

The series of operating procedures explained above will be further described with reference to FIG. Here, a step sequence is shown in the horizontal direction, and furthermore, the electromagnetic coils 6A and 6 are shown for each step.
The energization state to B is shown. That is, step 5
There are eight combinations of energization through steps 1 to S8 up to BANB, and sequence control is performed using these eight steps as one pulse, and by repeating this, the rotor 1 can be rotated to any desired angle. be able to. In addition, by controlling the energization so that the combination of energizations described above proceeds in the opposite direction, the rotor 1 can be rotated in the clockwise direction.

Note that the stator teeth 4L1, 4L2, 4R1, and 4R2 may be straight comb teeth or skewed comb teeth (with an average width of 100@ or less in electrical angle), but skewed stator teeth are more Coking torque is small.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, yoke members each having stator teeth formed thereon are arranged in combination at opposing positions on both sides of a small multi-pole rotor, and the fixed 1 in electrical angle with respect to the polar pitch of the rotor that opposes the child teeth
Since a pair of electromagnetic coils are arranged at 00° or less and generate a magnetic field through the yoke member on the stator teeth, the cogging number and torque are as designed, and the motor has excellent starting characteristics. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a small and lightweight stepping motor that maintains performance and control functions, and has high torque efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the arrangement of the rotor and stator in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 (a), (0), (8). , (:) is an explanatory diagram showing the operating principle of the stepping motor in Fig. 1,
FIG. 4 is also an explanatory diagram of the timing of the excitation sequence. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Multipolar anisotropically oriented resin magnet rotor, IA... Rotor glaze, 2... Motor support plate, 3... Bearing plate,
4... Stator, 4L1, 4L2, 4R1,
4R2...Stator tooth, 5L1. SL2,5R1,SR
2... Yoke member, 6A, 6B... 1jl magnetic coil, 7.8... Iron core. Figure 3 (mouth 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] A multi-polar rotor, a yoke member disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the rotor, stator teeth bent and extending from the yoke member and arranged in the axial direction of the rotor, and the yoke member. and an electromagnetic coil attached to the stator tooth to generate a magnetic field at the stator tooth, and the stator tooth is arranged at an electrical angle of 100° or less with respect to the magnetic pole pitch of the opposing rotor. A stepping motor.