JPH01112406A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To slowly confirm a safety, to turn a place with the danger of interference and to facilitate the operation of checking by changing freely the moving speed of a feeding shaft in accordance with the rotation speed of the handle of a manual pulse generator at the time of the processing program of a numerical control device to control a machine tool. CONSTITUTION:A shaft feeding command such as the speed and moving quantity of a processing program is analyzed to a numerical command, stored into a command buffer 3, and a speed command is outputted to a speed controller 4 and a moving quantity command is outputted to a pulse distributor 5. A pulse signal outputted by the rotation of the handle of a manual pulse generator 13 is inputted to a direction discriminator 15 to discriminate the rotation direction and in accordance with the rotation direction, the plus or minus signal is outputted in accordance with the rotation direction. The discriminated direction discriminating signal is added to the pulse distributor 5 and a driving pulse is added to a switching means 14. At the time of checking an ordinary action and the processing program, the means 14 is switched, the transfer pulse is added to the distributor 5 and the rotation speed is made freely variable in accordance with the handle rotation of the generator 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a numerical control device for controlling a machine tool, and particularly to an improvement of a numerical control device for facilitating program checking operations.

[Conventional technology]

With the spread of numerically controlled machine tools, the stage where only specialized engineers operate the machines has passed, and it has become common for -S workers to operate the machines.

Therefore, there has been a demand for easy handling so that anyone can operate it.

When operating a numerically controlled machine tool, checking the program is something that requires particularly careful operation.

The machining program for each workpiece created by the programmer is ultimately checked by running the program on the actual machine, but in machine tools using conventional numerical control devices, this work is done one block at a time in the machining program. It was common practice to select a possible operation mode and use an overdrive function to slow down the feed rate to slowly and intermittently execute the machining program one block at a time.

For example, taking a numerically controlled lathe as an example, in a conventional numerical control device, as shown in Fig. 2, the pulse generator 1 or the main shaft of the lathe is used as a reference signal for controlling the feed rate of the numerically controlled axis. It is equipped with an encoder 2 that rotates synchronously, and the pulses output by the pulse generator 1 or encoder 2 are usually used as a reference for the feed amount per spindle rotation or the feed speed per unit time. The selection is made according to the designation of the machining program.

The feed speed and movement amount instructed on the machining program are stored in the command value buffer 3, and then the feed speed command is output to the speed controller 4 and the movement amount command is output to the pulse distributor 5 according to the program execution command. Output. For example, when the feed rate per unit time is specified by the machining program, the clock pulse of a constant frequency from the pulse generator 1 is adjusted to the frequency corresponding to the command speed by the speed controller 4 based on the feed speed command. Further, based on the movement amount command, pulses corresponding to the feed speeds of the driver 7 of the feed motor 6 of the first axis and the driver 9 of the feed motor 8 of the second axis, which are controlled by the pulse distributor 5, are generated. By distributing the information, control of operation by desired two-axis interpolation is realized. In addition, in addition to such feed control that involves interpolation during program operation, some motors have a manual pulse generator 10 for manually driving each feed motor independently. The output from lO is input to a direction discriminator 11 that determines the rotation direction, and instructs the driver 7.9 to determine the rotation direction. In addition to outputting a direction discrimination signal, a pulse proportional to the rotation speed is sent to either the driver 7 or 9 of the feed motor 6 or 8 selected by the switch 12 to drive the selected feed motor 6 or 8. Only manual pulse generator 100
Rotates according to rotation speed.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In such conventional numerically controlled all devices, when checking a machining program based on the operation of the actual machine, the speed controller 4 is programmed to adjust the movement speed at a constant rate with respect to the speed command, which is called feed speed overdrive. While slowing down the movement speed using the slowing function, the output from the command value buffer 3 is used to operate the machining program in blocks, so-called single block operation, which allows work to be done while avoiding danger by slowing down the movement speed. It was progressing.

However, in this kind of work, the execution command of the machining program is in units of one block, so it is very troublesome to stop and restart the movement midway through the movement, and the movement speed also has to be overdriven by the feed rate. The change operation was troublesome because it was done using a switch.

Therefore, for example, in the progress of a machining program, parts that can be proceeded with peace of mind without the risk of interference are fed quickly, while parts that are considered to be dangerous are fed slowly and checked, making subtle adjustments depending on the operator's feelings. It was impossible to do so.

Further, feed control by the manual pulse generator 10 allows the feed speed and direction to be freely changed according to the rotation speed, but each feed motor is rotated independently, and the actual machine of the machining program is It could not be used at all for checking motions.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks (and to make it possible to freely change the feed rate and the direction of movement when checking the machining program by actual machine operation) according to the operator's feelings. The purpose of this invention is to provide a numerical control device, thereby making it extremely easy to check the machining program of a numerically controlled machine tool by checking the operation of the actual machine.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a manual pulse generator as a reference signal source to control the feed rate of numerically controlled axes that perform interpolation operations on two or more axes, and a manual pulse generator that uses a manual pulse generator to switch operation modes when checking a machining program. The switch means cuts off the output pulse from the speed controller and inputs the output pulse from the manual pulse generator into the pulse distributor. It can be freely changed according to the rotation speed.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the concept of one embodiment of the axis control function of the NC device of the present invention.

A pulse generator 1 is provided as a reference signal source for controlling the feed rate of the numerically controlled axis. This pulse generator 1 is used when the feed rate is specified in the machining program as the amount of movement per unit time (usually expressed as the amount of movement per minute), and is generally used for machining centers etc. In NC machines, only this pulse generator is often used. However, in NC machines for lathes, etc., the feed rate on the machining program is often specified in terms of the amount of movement per spindle rotation. Since there are many cases, an encoder 2 that rotates synchronously with the main shaft is also used, and one of them is used as a reference signal source depending on the designation on the machining program.

Commands related to axis feed such as speed commands and movement amount commands in the machining program are analyzed into numerical commands and stored in the command value buffer 3.
is stored in Then, based on the execution command, among the commands related to axis feed, the speed command is output to the speed controller 4, the movement amount command is output to the pulse distributor 5, and the clock pulse of a constant frequency from the pulse generator 1 is output based on the feed speed command. The driver 7 of the feed motor 6 of the first axis and the feed motor of the second axis are converted into a frequency corresponding to the command speed by the speed controller 4, and are further controlled by the pulse distributor 5 based on the movement amount command. By distributing pulses corresponding to the feed speeds of the 8 and 8 drivers 9, the operation is controlled by desired two-axis interpolation.

On the other hand, in the present invention, a manual pulse generator 13 is provided as a new reference signal source, and the pulse signal outputted by the rotation of the mechanical handle is transmitted to a direction discriminator that determines the rotation direction of the handle. 15, and if the rotation direction of the handle is in the forward direction, the signal of 10 is input.
If it is in the opposite direction, a negative signal is output as a direction discrimination signal to the pulse distributor 5, and at the same time, the drive pulses are separated and output to the switch 14. This switch 14 switches the operation mode between a normal program automatic operation mode and an operation mode for checking the machining program. In the normal program automatic operation mode, the pulse generator 1 or the encoder The output pulses from the manual pulse generator 13 are inputted to the pulse distributor 5 via the speed controller 4, and the output pulses from the manual pulse generator 13 are inputted to the pulse distributor 5 when in the operation mode for checking the machining program. Ru.

Here, by the movement amount command from the command value buffer 3,
The driver 7 of the feed motor 6 of the first axis and the driver 9 of the feed motor 8 of the second axis are supplied with pulses distributed at a ratio according to the moving speed of each axis. is driven to perform a predetermined operation.

When the operation mode for checking the machining program is selected and the switch means 14 is switched, the output pulses from the pulse generator 1 or the encoder 2 are cut off, and the output pulses from the manual pulse generator 13 are connected. Therefore, the execution of the machining program, especially the feed rate of the control axis, is determined by the frequency of the output pulse from the manual pulse generator 13.If you turn the handle of the manual pulse generator 13 quickly, the feed rate will increase, and if you turn it slowly, the feed rate will increase. The feed speed also becomes slower. Furthermore, when the handle is rotated in the opposite direction, the direction of rotation is determined by the direction discriminator 15 and a negative signal is outputted to the pulse distributor 5 as a rotation direction determination signal, so that the control shaft moves in the opposite direction. .

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the operator who checks the machining program can increase the movement speed by turning the handle quickly for areas that can be safely transferred, and slowly and safely for areas where there is a risk of interference. Since the moving speed can be slowed down by turning while checking, it is possible to check the machining program in a state that is extremely natural to human senses. Furthermore, if you feel danger when checking the program, you can reverse the handle of the manual pulse generator 13 and move backwards, so you can work with exactly the same feeling as with a conventional cam-type automatic lathe. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the concept of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the concept of the prior art. 1... Pulse QJiL 2... Encoder, 3...
...Command value buffer, 4...Speed controller, 5...
Pulse distributor, 6.8...Motor, 7.9...Driver, 10S 13...Manual pulse generator,
15...Direction discriminator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A manual pulse generator is used as a reference signal source to control the feed rate of numerically controlled axes that perform interpolation operations on two or more axes.When checking the machining program, the operation mode is switched to cut off the output pulses from the speed controller, Equipped with a switch means for inputting the output pulses from the pulse generator to the pulse distributor, and when checking the machining program, the moving speed of the feed axis can be freely changed according to the rotation speed of the handle of the manual pulse generator. A numerical control device featuring: