JPH01109002A - Position selecting mechanism for cutting edge - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive to improve function by fixing a slider and a piston rod with interposing a cylinder stroke of which is a half of the piston rod concerned and still providing a flow regulating valve circuit in addition in hydraulic pressure circuit, fixed to a slide bed side, for driving the piston rod. CONSTITUTION:A piston 24 is fixed on the extreme end to a piston 201 installed in a cylinder 200 via a position adjusting screw 30. The stroke of the piston 201 is set to a half of that of the piston 24. In a case of applying hydraulic pressure to 4 oil passages on a condition of oil pressure applied to oil passage F, 4 positions in a-d can be taken. If hydraulic pressure is applied to oil passage E on this 4 position places, a slider 23 is made to displace by the stroke of the piston 201 namely by a half stroke of the piston 24. Thus, 8 positions are realized. Therefore, place selecting function of a 4 position selecting mechanism is doubled, and still, face rubbing work is made possible through only exchanging a cross spindle and improvement of function can be contrived.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a position selection mechanism for various cutting tools used in cutting in an automatic lathe with a moving headstock.

``Prior technology'' A moving headstock automatic lathe, which is one of the automatic lathes for processing bar materials, has a main shaft that chucks and rotates the bar material, and a bed that slides on the bed to give the main shaft linear movement in the axial direction. A moving head stock, a tool rest that can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of this head stock, and various types of cutting tools such as a cutting tool and a drill that are attached to this tool rest and that cut the bar material. The main structure consists of a guide bushing that supports the bar near the machining position and prevents the workpiece from being bent or deformed due to cutting.

That is, the bar chucked by the spindle and subjected to rotational motion is fed in the axial direction by the sliding movement of the headstock, and is cut by a predetermined knife attached to the tool rest.

Therefore, since a guide bushing is used, it has high rigidity against cutting force and is suitable for precision machining of long and thin parts.Furthermore, secondary machining such as horizontal hole drilling, keyway machining, and back machining can be performed using various attachments. It is characterized by the fact that it can be done on a single lathe.

Examples thereof will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of a numerically controlled automatic lathe.

A long rod-shaped workpiece 1 measuring several meters is passed through the headstock 2 from the rear, and is firmly gripped by the chuck 3 on the spindle, and the tip of the workpiece is mounted on a bushing base 4 with high rigidity. It also penetrates the frame 5.

At the same time, the headstock 2 is linearly fed by a drive mechanism system of a numerically controlled servo motor 6, and at the same time, the tool rests 7A to 7B are arranged radially on the front of the bush head frame 5 with the workpiece 1 at the center, and the cutlers attached thereto. 8A-8E
The workpiece 1 is fed in sequence by a drive mechanism system of a numerically controlled servo motor 9.9, and the workpiece 1 is consistently cut with high efficiency.

A more detailed view of the front of the bushier table is shown in FIG.

In the same figure, radial directions are shown with workpiece 1 as the center, and 2
The set has a total of 5 tool rests 7A to 7, arranged facing each other.
E is installed, and it is configured to be driven by two servo motors 9.9.

Tool holder lO attached to tool rest 7A to 7E...
・The required types of blades 8A to 8E can be accurately centered and installed using the .

The relationship between the bushing frame 5 and the turrets 7A to 7E is clearly shown in FIG.
A guide bushing 11 is attached to the center of the guide bushing 11 for penetrating and holding the work l and preventing rotational wobbling of the work l during cutting.

Although details of the drive mechanism have been omitted, the main nut 13. which transmits the output of the servo motor 9 to the feed screw shaft 12 and forms a ball screw pair therewith. A large-diameter pin 15 or 16 fixed to a slider 14 that can slide freely in the axial direction with high precision and protruding from the slider 14 is attached to the bottom surface of the tool rests 7A to 7D, which are arranged in pairs facing each other. The two tool rests 7A, 70, or 7B, and IE are sent individually by contacting the fixed L-shaped block 18 from behind and using two types of forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor 9. .

Reference numeral 19 in FIG. 4 is a compressed coil spring for moving the tool rest back.

In the above example, all of the plurality of machining members are always located on the machining work line, and can perform the machining work as they progress.

As mentioned above, in general, with a moving headstock type automatic lathe, the bar is rotated at high speed by the main spindle, and the vicinity of the cutting area is rotatably supported by a guide bushing to prevent bending and deformation of the bar during machining. It is configured.

In the above-mentioned Figures 2 to 41, the plurality of machining members (cutters) are all positioned on the machining work line in advance, so there is no need for indexing, and the machining work can be performed by advancing. In contrast, in contrast to the conventional method, in which the processing members are arranged in a row and the mounting base of the equipment itself can be moved toward and away from the workpiece by the advancing and retracting mechanism, the processing members are If the mounting base can be alternately moved to four positions: the machining position and the non-machining special machine position, the machining,
The applicant proposed a new mechanism in Japanese Patent Application No. 117700/1983 because a single advancing/retracting mechanism for moving the non-processing position would be sufficient and the space would be greatly reduced. .

The gist of this is that one of two piston rods installed in a twin cylinder block with a separate configuration is used for both the slider as a mounting base for processing members such as cutting blades and the slide base as a slide guide base for the slider. is fixed to the slide base side so that the cylinder block can be moved to two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide base, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side to move the slider to the cylinder block. In contrast, the slider can be moved to the ultimate position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod, and in the end, the slider can be moved to four different positions with respect to the slide base.

Hereinafter, this will be explained in detail based on FIGS. 5 to 8.

FIG. 5 azd is a half-sectional front view and a left side view of the mechanism as seen with the slider attached to the lid removed.

The right side view, the view taken along the line dd in Figure A, and Figure 6 awd are views of the lifting mechanism at the 4-position position, and Figure 7 is a view of the mounting of the slider equipped with the processing member.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a twin cylinder block having cylinders 21a and 21b, which is assembled into a storage groove 22a carved in the slide base 22 in such a manner as to cover the slide base 22 and the groove 22a. The slider 23 is disposed in a separate state without contacting both sides as described below.

The cylinders 21a and 21b have pistons 24 and 25, respectively.
and cylinder lids 26.26', 27.27'
Although the mutual strokes may be different, the cylinder volumes must be designed to be the same in order to achieve synchronous operation.

A cylinder lid 26 holding the piston 24 is held by an oil supply sleeve 28 fixed to the slide base 22, and a cylinder lid 26' on the opposite side is held by an oil supply sleeve 29 fixed to the slide base 22.

A position adjustment screw 30 is attached to one end of the piston 24, and this is attached to a bracket 3 fixed to the slider 23.
It can be stopped at 1.

Thus, the piston 24 and the slider 23 are in an integral relationship.

On the other hand, the other end of the piston 24 abuts against a position adjustment screw 32 provided at the tip of the cylinder lid 26'.

One end of the piston 25 is connected to a cylinder positioning collar 33
and is fixed to the slide base 22 by a cylinder fixing nut 34.

Thus, the piston 25 and the slide base 22 are in an integral relationship.

On the other hand, the other end of the piston 25 is held by a hollow position adjustment screw 35 screwed into the slide base 22.

However, the slide table 22. The cylinder block 21, which is separated from any of the sliders 23 and is floating in the groove 22a, is reciprocated by the stroke by the operation of the piston 25.

Accordingly, the cylinder lid 26 is attached to the oil supply sleeve 2.
8, the cylinder lid 26' slides within the oil supply sleeve 29 along with the cylinder block 21 by the same stroke.

With the configuration described above, the combination of the two extreme positions and orientations of the pistons 24,25 results in the slider 23 being placed in four positions as shown in FIGS. 6a-d.

In the diagram above, the oil passages A-D (shown in black) connected to both ends of the cylinders 21a and 21b can be refueled without using the usual means of connecting flexible hoses to both ends of the cylinder block 21. It is said that the paired members that make up this mechanism, such as the sleeve, cylinder cover, and piston rod, are carved with a design that can accommodate relative displacement, and this allows each paired member to be set at the same temperature. This eliminates the reduction in operating accuracy due to the expansion difference.

Furthermore, as described above, the cylinder block 21, which is the largest heat generating element, is suspended in the groove 22a in a manner separate from the slide table 22 and the slider 23, so there is a heat insulating space and no heat transfer occurs. This is preferable because it avoids the inconvenience caused by heat-transferring pig intestines.

Slider 23 equipped with cutting blades 36a - e on the ridge mechanism
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the material is covered.

In the figure, an arrow 37 indicates a direction in which the slide table 22 moves forward and backward, and an arrow 38 indicates a direction in which the slider 23 moves.

Note that 39 and 39' in FIG. 5 are guide liners for advancing and retracting the slide table 22.

Next, each position in FIG. 6 awd will be explained in detail.

That is, i) In position (1), the oil passages A and D are lubricated, and the position is adjusted by the position adjustment screw 40 attached to the bracket 31 so as to abut against the oil supply sleeve 28.

ii) At position [2], oil passages A and C are lubricated and the position is adjusted using the position adjustment screw 32.

iii) At position [3], oil passages B and D are filled with oil, and the position is adjusted using the position adjustment screw 35.

iv) At position [4], lubricate oil passages B and C and adjust the position using the position adjustment screw 30.

Therefore, the position of each position can be adjusted, and by switching the oil passages, the position can be selected easily and stably from any position to the ultimate position at the same speed, so that the position can be selected quickly.

Furthermore, near the limit, the oil retreat path becomes a bottleneck, increasing resistance, and has the advantage of automatically braking to prevent impact.

A simplified version of FIG. 6 is shown in FIG. 8a.

In addition, in the same figure, the stroke of the piston 24 is
This shows the case where the stroke β is set to twice the stroke β of No. 5, and the four positions are set at equal pitches as shown in figure b.

For example, the stroke of the piston 24 is α (≠2β, >β)
When set to , it is possible to widen the space between positions [2] and [3] as shown in Figure 0.

FIGS. 9a and 9b show an embodiment in which the advance/retreat guide liner 39.39'' is inclined to the bush frame.

According to this, since the slide table 22 is always applied with its own weight sliding force, the movement of the slide table 22 in the same direction is smooth and requires only a small driving force.

In addition, in the figure, 43 is a servo motor for driving the slide table 22 forward and backward, 44 is a lead screw/nut mechanism using a ball screw and nut equipped to the servo motor 43, and 45 is a lead screw/nut mechanism that may be added to the lead screw/nut mechanism 44. This figure shows a brake system for self-weight downhill braking.

Due to the ridge configuration, the cutting blades 36a and 36e are positioned at four positions, and the movement of the slide table 22 performs various types of cutting on the workpiece.

Note that 36e located on the opposite side to 36a is 3
Processing begins after positioning 6a.

In other words, a total of five cutting blades can be operated.

Now, with automatic lathes, in addition to the above-mentioned variant cutting, it is necessary to drill from the perpendicular direction to the material to be processed, and in addition, the material to be processed is held stationary in a bush and then drilled from the perpendicular direction. It is also necessary to perform rotary drilling.

Conventionally, in order to accomplish such machining, the means of arranging the turret on the side of the spindle line were limited to the same level as the cutting blade, and the method of installing the turret on the radial line or drilling from the vertical direction was limited. For machining, an independent movable table was placed on the extension of the spindle line, and a drill was attached to it.

However, using a means such as a ridge makes the turret extremely complicated, and using an independent movable table makes the tool stand more complicated and the apparatus becomes larger, which is not preferable.

Therefore, the present applicant has developed a four-position position selection mechanism that is assembled into a guide bush frame on a ridge and is equipped with three cross spindles that perform drilling in the right angle direction and are equipped with a rotational drive source. In addition to incorporating in parallel,
A pinion shaft meshed with hydraulically driven racks arranged opposite to each other is erected above the core line of the center one of the cross spindles, and a pinion shaft is arranged on the pinion shaft at the same spacing as the above-mentioned three cross spindles. Three front spindles that perform vertical drilling are attached to the tip of the arm, and the front arm is integrally connected to form two drill mechanisms.
Assuming that the cross body provided in the layer is screwed onto the slider in a position where the cross spindle faces the three bits fixed on the slider, the drilling function in the right angle direction and the vertical direction In a subsequent application, we have proposed a cross-machining unit that can be compactly equipped with a drilling mechanism on a slider, thereby making the 4-position position selection mechanism more effective and more convenient.

The unit shown in FIG. 9a is installed, and its details are shown in FIGS. 10a to 10d.

Figures 1A to 1D are longitudinal sectional views of the unit when the front spindle is in operation, a view in the direction of the arrows in Figure 8 when the front spindle is on standby, a view in the direction of the arrows c''-c in Figure 1, and a view in the direction of the dd arrows in Figure A. .

In the figure, 100 is the cutting blade 3 on the slider 23.
A cross body is positioned on the opposite side of 6b to 36d by positioning pins 101, 102 and fixed with fixing screws 103, 104, 105. Ross spindle 107.108°10 allows processing in the direction perpendicular to the material to be processed.
9 are assembled in parallel in a configuration facing the drills b-d.

The rotational motion of the cross spindles 107 to 109 is transmitted from a drive gear 112 at the tip of a drive shaft 111, which is transmitted from a drive shaft 11G, and a drive gear 113 is transmitted to rotate the cross spindle 107, and a drive gear 114 is also transmitted. The cross spindle 108 rotates, and further,
A drive gear 116 is transmitted from the drive gear 114 via an idle gear 115 to drive the cross spindle 1.
09. rotates.

Thus, the cross spindles 107 to 109 are on the extension line of the cutting blades 36b to 36d, and perform drilling on the workpiece when the cutting blades move backward.

In the upper layer of the cross spindles 107 to 109, there are two parallel through holes bored at the front and back of the cross body, as shown in Fig.
Opposed racks 120 and 12 are placed at the ends that are supposed to slide inside 19.
Pistons 122 and 123, which are integrated with 1, are installed.

In the figure, reference numerals 124 and 125 indicate rack lid 1 main body lids that cover the front and rear of the rack mechanism on the ridge.

As shown in Figure a, a pinion shaft 126 that engages with the racks 120 and 121 is attached to a shaft hole recessed from the upper surface of the cross body 100 and stands up.

It is assumed that the core of the binion shaft 126 is on the core line of the cross spindles 107 to 109 located at the center thereof.

The rising protrusion of the pinion shaft 126 is surrounded by an arm shaft 128 fixed to the cross body 100 with a fixing screw 127 via bearings 129 and 130.

The arm shaft 128 carries the base of a front arm 131, and the front arm 131 is supported by an adjustment arm 132.
The pinion shaft 126 is integrated with the pinion shaft 126 through the pinion shaft 126.

That is, as shown in figures a and b, the tip of the adjustment arm 132 whose base is fixed to the upper end of the spindle shaft 126 by a washer 133° fixing screw 134 is fixed to the front arm 131 via adjustment screws 135 and 136. There is.

Therefore, the pinion shaft 126 and the front arm 131
is integrated with the adjustment arm 132.

Front spindles 137 to 1 are installed at the tip of the front arm 131.
Adjustment sleeves 140.39 are arranged in a row on a line perpendicular to the arm axis, as shown in FIG. It is attached via a fixing nut 141. .

The front spindles 137 to 139 are arranged at the same spacing as the aforementioned cross spindles 107 to 109.

With the above configuration, the rotation of the pinion shaft 126 is converted into the swinging of the front arm 131, and the rotation of the pinion shaft 126 is caused by the hydraulic drive of the racks 120 and 121.

The bipolar postures of the front arm 131 are shown in figures b, 0, and a, and figure a is the posture that acts on the processed material, so stability in that position is important, but this posture is 121, the position is fixed in an extremely reliable and stable manner, as is clear from the above explanation of the four-position position selection mechanism.

In addition, as shown in figure a, the cross spindles 107 to 10
9 and the front spindles 137 to 139 are aligned on the main axis direction line.

This fine alignment adjustment is made using the adjustment screws 135 and 136 mentioned above.

By swinging the front arm 131 in the manner shown in Figure A, two processes, cross processing and front processing, can be performed in one position.

The drills on the cross spindle and front spindle can be replaced, so various combinations can be made.Furthermore, since they are all attached to the cross body lOO on the same mounting base, the combinations are easy. Changes can be made extremely easily and quickly.

Therefore, two types of drilling, right angle and perpendicular, can be easily performed on the extension line of the positions of the bits 36b to 36d in the four-position position selection mechanism proposed by the present applicant, which is extremely advantageous.

In addition, the component for this purpose utilizes the space on the opposite side of the cutting tools 36b to 36d rationally and effectively, and the two types of drilling functions are provided in two layers, making the device compact. .

Therefore, the device does not become large in any way, the space occupied by the device can be kept small, and multifunctional miniaturization is achieved.

In addition, since the front spindle's operating position and standby position are converted to the hydraulic limit position, the front spindle is quickly and stably held in position even during operation, which is extremely suitable.

In addition, since the front spindle swings and is converted into the operating position and the standby position, it is advantageous that chips do not accumulate in the tool.

``Problems to be solved by the invention'' However, in automatic lathes with moving headstocks, there are
Naturally, it would be preferable if the positions could be increased without becoming complicated or large, as this would further improve functionality.

Furthermore, in addition to drilling in the perpendicular direction on the ridges and drilling in the vertical direction, surface slitting processing performed in the perpendicular direction may be required, and if this request can be met, the - layer is preferable.

[Means for Solving the Problems] and "Operation" The present invention was made in view of the circumstances surrounding ridges, and its gist is that it provides a slider as a mounting base for a cutting blade and a slide guide base for the slider. One of the two piston rods installed in a twin cylinder block with a separate configuration is fixed to the slide table side, and the cylinder block is moved to two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slide table. At the same time, the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side, and the slider can be moved to the extreme position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the cylinder block.In the end, the slider can be moved to four different positions relative to the slide base. In a 4-position position selection mechanism that is movable to different positions, the slider and the piston rod are fixed by interposing a cylinder with a stroke half the stroke of the piston rod, and furthermore, there is a cylinder fixed to the slide base side. By adding a flow rate regulating valve circuit to the hydraulic circuit for driving the piston rod, the four positions can be increased to eight positions, and furthermore, it has become possible to perform face-cutting by simply replacing the cross spindle.

"Example" This will be explained in detail below based on the drawings.

1A to 1D are a front view, a left side view, a right side view, and a view taken along the line dd in FIG. 1A of the position selection mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals or are omitted.

In the figure, 200 is a cylinder added to the bracket 31, and the tip of the piston 24 is fixed to a piston 201 attached to the cylinder 200 via the position adjustment screw 30.

The stroke of the piston 201 is set to half that of the piston 24.

In the figure, 200a and 200b are cylinder lids.

The illustrated embodiment is an oil passage E provided in the cylinder 200.

This is a mode in which oil pressure is applied to the oil path F of F, and the fixed positional relationship between the piston 24 and the slider 23 at this time matches that shown in FIG. 5 above.

In other words, with oil pressure applied to oil path F, oil path A-
By applying hydraulic pressure to D, the sixth
Four positions shown in Figures a to d are made.

Then, when hydraulic pressure is applied to the oil passage E at four positions on the ridge, the slider 23 is displaced by the stroke of the piston 201, that is, half the stroke of the piston 24.

Thus, 4 positions + 4 positions - 8 positions are established.

The 8 positions are shown in Figure 1 e-1.

In the figure, e, g, t, and k correspond to Figure 6 m-d, and f.

h, j, and (2) are displaced by half a stroke from m-d in Fig. 6.

Therefore, in addition to the four positions depicted in FIGS. 8a to 8c, four new positions are added in which the piston 24 is displaced by half the stroke.

As for how to use the newly added position, for example, as shown in FIG. 1m corresponding to FIG. 9m above, the cutting blade 36b is
Functionality can be improved by additionally providing a take-up arm 202 for spindle attachment at an intermediate position between and 36c and arranging a new cutting blade at the intermediate position (newly added position).

Next, FIG. 1m is an explanatory diagram of the control of the oil passages C and D of the cylinder 21b, which is performed in addition to the ridge structure. New valve B+Bz with flow rate adjustment valve 204 in the middle of path C
A hydraulic switching valve 205 having a hydraulic pressure switching valve 205 is additionally installed.

Then, the hydraulic switching valve 203 switches to Az,
Moreover, when the hydraulic pressure switching valve 205 is switched to 82, the flow rate adjustment valve 204 can be operated, and the speed of the piston 25 can be freely controlled.

For example, as shown in FIG.
06, first position the spindle 206 at an eccentric position between the cutting blades 36a and 36b, and then apply hydraulic pressure to the oil passage C via the regulating valve 204, If the stroke of the piston 25 (traversing the workpiece) is carried out slowly while visually checking, the spindle 206 for surface roughening can be made to act on the workpiece under suitable conditions.

That is, in this case, the piston 25 is used not only for positioning but also for surface cutting.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above (according to the present invention), the position selection function of the 4-position position selection mechanism proposed earlier by the present applicant is doubled, and furthermore, surface sliding can be performed using the position selection function. This enables split processing and significantly improves the functionality of the 4-position position selection mechanism.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

, FIG. 1 mwd is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the position selection mechanism of the present invention, FIG. , FIG. 1 m is an explanatory diagram of control of oil passages C and D of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are explanatory diagrams of an example of an automatic lathe with a moving headstock, and FIGS. 5 to 8 are diagrams of the present applicant. An explanatory diagram of the 4-position position selection mechanism proposed in the earlier application, Figures 9a and b
10A to 10D are front and back views of a guide bush frame of a moving headstock type automatic lathe equipped with the four-position position selection mechanism, and FIGS. 10a to 10d are explanatory views of a cross processing unit. 200...Cylinder, 200a, 200b...
Cylinder lid, 201...Piston, 202...Take-out arm, 203...Hydraulic pressure switching valve, 204...
...Flow rate adjustment valve, 205...Hydraulic switching valve, 20G
···spindle. pu 2 hope so ＼ q・ slider slider white 1〕 傅i－千０゜2) 8 pi stingy role

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Both the slider as the mounting base for the cutting blade and the slide base as the slide guide base for the slider are equipped with two separate twin cylinder blocks.
One of the two piston rods is fixed to the slider side so that the cylinder block can be moved to two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slider, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side. so that the slider can be moved to the ultimate position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod relative to the cylinder block,
In the end, the slider is movable to four different positions with respect to the slide base, and the slider and the piston rod are fixed by interposing a cylinder with half the stroke of the piston rod. A cutting blade position selection mechanism characterized by: (2) Both the slider as the mounting base for the cutting blade and the slide base as the slide guide base for the slider are equipped with two separate twin cylinder blocks.
One of the two piston rods is fixed to the slider side so that the cylinder block can be moved to two extreme positions corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod with respect to the slider, and the other piston rod is fixed to the slider side. so that the slider can be moved to the ultimate position corresponding to the stroke of the piston rod relative to the cylinder block,
After all, in a 4-position position selection mechanism that allows the slider to be moved to four different positions relative to the slide base, the slider and piston rod are fixed by interposing a cylinder with half the stroke of the piston rod. The cutting blade position selection mechanism is further characterized in that a flow rate regulating valve circuit is additionally installed in the hydraulic circuit for driving the piston rod fixed on the slide table side.