JPH01102513A - Hard endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily confirm a position relation of an observation object in the oral cavity and to facilitate an observation of the periphery of teeth by improving the illumination to a distant object of an endoscope for observing the inside of a tooth root tube by providing a sub-light guide. CONSTITUTION:In case of inserting a second insertion part 6 into a dental root tube, since a dental root tube port is in the oral cavity, and also, opened in the direction orthogonal to the direction of an observer's eye, a method for searching the dental root tube port, while observing it by a hard endoscope 1 is desirable in respect of exactitude, but in this case, an illuminating light by a sub-light guide 33 which is particularly brighter than an illuminating light by a main light guide 31 is efficient in order to catch the dental root tube port being comparatively distant. Also, after the second insertion part 6 has been inserted into the dental root tube, and illuminating light by the main light guide 31 illuminates directly the inside surface of the tooth root tube, and a satisfactory observation image can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rigid endoscope having a second insertion section at the distal end of a first insertion section.

[Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention] In recent years, by inserting an elongated insertion section into a body cavity, it is possible to diagnose internal organs in the body cavity, and to perform therapeutic procedures using treatment instruments as necessary. Endoscopes have become widely used.

The above-mentioned endoscope has a flexible insertion section and can be used to see inside a curved injection path, through a tube, or into a body cavity.

There are two types of endoscopes: flexible endoscopes, which have rigid insertion sections, and rigid endoscopes, which have rigid insertion sections and are inserted linearly toward the target site.

Various proposals have been made for the above-mentioned rigid endoscope depending on the object to be observed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-115501 discloses that at the distal end of a hard first insertion section containing a built-in relay lens, a second insertion section with a small diameter that faces sideways and can be inserted into the root canal to observe the inside is provided. The second insertion portion is provided with a rod lens capable of transmitting an optical image to the relay lens. Furthermore, an output end surface of a light guide for illumination is provided on the distal end surface of the second insertion portion. Also, U.S. Patent No. 326
The specification of No. 1350 discloses a tracheal bundle mirror that combines a scope with only an observation optical system without a light guide and a sheath with a light guide so that the tip of the scope protrudes beyond the end surface of the light guide at the tip of the sheath. is disclosed. Furthermore, German Patent Application Publication No. 1117256 discloses that the light guide section of a direct-viewing rigid endoscope and the observation optical system are made mutually slidable, and a ring-shaped transparent member is provided at the tip of the light guide. A technique has been disclosed in which the illumination light is reflected at the outer periphery of the observation optical system, and the diffusion of the illumination light is adjusted by inserting and removing the observation optical system.

However, the above-mentioned Utility Model Publication No. 61-115501,
The amount of light guide that can be installed in the small-diameter second insertion section is small, and the illumination is dark, making it difficult to confirm the position in the oral cavity. It's hard. Further, US Pat. No. 3,261,350 discloses that when observing from a close distance, the illumination light from the light guide is obstructed by the scope and does not reach the object to be observed, making it difficult to observe. Furthermore, German Patent Application Publication No. 1117256 has problems such as that if only a small-diameter scope is inserted into the root canal, the inside of the root canal cannot be directly illuminated and observation is impossible.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and improves the illumination of distant objects of an endoscope that observes the inside of a tooth root canal, thereby improving the positional relationship of objects to be observed in the oral cavity. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rigid endoscope that allows easy confirmation of periodontal periodontology and periodontal observation.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] The rigid endoscope of the present invention includes a main light guide that is inserted into a first insertion section and has an output surface on an end surface of the second insertion section; A sub-light guide is inserted through the insertion section and has an output surface near the base of the second insertion section. That is, a distant object (teeth) in the oral cavity is illuminated with bright light from the sub light guide, and the inside of the tooth root canal is illuminated by the main light guide.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the case, and FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the rigid endoscope.

In FIG. 2, a rigid endoscope 1 has a main body 2 which also serves as a gripping part.
and the first insertion i! connected to the front end of the main body 2! 1
3, a case 4 provided at the distal end of the first insertion section 3, and a second insertion section provided on the side of the case 4 in a direction perpendicular to the first insertion section 3. part 6, and an eyepiece part 7 provided at the rear end of the main body 2.

A light guide base 11 is provided on the side of the main body 2 to which a socket 9 provided at one end of the light guide cable 8 is connected. The other end of the light guide cable 8 is provided with a plug 13 connected to the light source device 2!12.

In FIG. 1, the case 4 is formed of a case main body 5a and a case tip member 5b. An outer tube 14 constituting the first insertion section 3 is connected to the case body 5a, and a light guide tube 16 into which a light guide 15 is inserted is connected to the case tip member 5b. An inner tube 17 equipped with an observation optical system (not shown) is inserted into the outer tube 14, and the observation optical system (not shown) includes:
A glass disc 19 provided by a frame member 18 at the tip of the inner tube 17 and a prism 21 attached to the glass disc 19 are provided so as to coincide with their optical axes. In this prism 21, the optical axis is changed to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal center of the first insertion section 3, and furthermore, this optical axis is connected to an objective provided in the second insertion section 6. The optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the optical system 22. This objective optical system 22 is provided in a second insertion section inner tube 23 that is fixed to the case body 5a and provided so that the output end side protrudes from the end surface of the case tip member 5b. It is composed of a cover glass 24, an objective lens 26, a relay lens 27, and a second cover glass 28. The output end side of the second insertion section inner tube 23 is inserted into a second insertion section outer tube 29 fixed to the case tip member 5b, and the second insertion section outer tube 29 and the second insertion section outer tube 29 are connected to each other. The light guide 15 inserted into the light guide tube 16 has a portion between the inner tube 23 and the main light guide 3.
It is inserted as 1. The output end face of the main light guide 31 is hardened with adhesive and then polished.

A plurality of Light Gaitro metal tubes 32 are provided on the end surface of the case tip member 5b and around the second insertion portion outer tube 29, and within the Light Gaitro metal tube 32, an auxiliary light guide 33 is arranged such that the light emitting direction is directed as described above. It is provided so as to match the emission direction of the main light guide 31. The output end face of this sub light guide 33 is polished, and is integrated together with the main light guide 31 so as to be inserted into the light guide tube 16 as the light guide 15. This light guide 15 consists of the main body 2 and the light guide cable 8.
Illumination light emitted from a light source lamp (not shown) provided in the light source device 12' can be transmitted to the output end face through the light source device 12'.

Note that the upper end of the case body 5a is sealed with a lid member 34.

Now, the operation of the rigid endoscope 1 constructed as described above will be explained.

The illumination light emitted from the light source device 12 is transmitted through the light guide cable 8, the main body 2, and the light guide 15 inserted through the light guide tube 16, and the - side is transmitted through the main light guide 3.
1 and the other is divided into a sub light guide 33. The illumination light transmitted within the main light guide 31 is emitted from the exit end face of the second insertion 836, and the illumination light transmitted within the sub light guide 33 is emitted from the end face of the case tip member 5b. . The light emitted from the sub light guide 33 can illuminate the surroundings of the root canal into which the second insertion section 6 is inserted, and the light emitted from the main light guide 31 can further illuminate the inside of the root canal.

The illumination light that illuminates the inside and surroundings of the root canal becomes reflected light and enters the objective optical system 22. The reflected light emitted from the objective optical system 22 has its optical path changed by the prism 21, and is guided to the eyepiece section 7 for observation by an observation optical system (not shown) provided in the first insertion section 3.

Note that the objective lens 26 and the relay lens 27 may be formed of a non-homogeneous medium, or may be normal lenses.

According to this embodiment, when inserting the second insertion portion 6 into a tooth root canal, the root canal ostium is located in the oral cavity and opens in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the observer's line of sight, so that a rigid endoscope is not used. The method of searching for the root canal ostium while observing with the mirror 1 is preferable in terms of accuracy, but in this case, the illumination light from the sub light guide 33, which is much brighter than the illumination light from the main light guide 31, is used to locate the tooth root located relatively far away. It is efficient in capturing the mouth of the pipe. Furthermore, the second
After the insertion portion 6 is inserted into the root canal, the illumination light from the main light guide 31 directly illuminates the inner surface of the root canal, making it possible to obtain a good observation image.

Figures 3 to 5 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is an enlarged sectional view near the case, and Figure 4 is B-8 in Figure 3.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3.

The outer tube 14 is inserted into the large-diameter light guide tube 36 eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal center of the light guide tube 6 . An inner tube 17 in which an observation optical system (not shown) is installed is inserted into the outer tube 1!14. A glass disk 19 is fixed to the tip of the inner tube 17 by a frame member 18.
and a prism 21 fixed to the glass disk 19. Furthermore, the outer tube 14 and the light branch tube 36
As shown in Figure 4, there is a light source between the two! ! A light guide 15 capable of transmitting illumination light from 112 is inserted through the light guide 15 and guided into the case tip member 5b. On the lower end surface of the case tip member 5b, as shown in FIG. A part of the light guide 15 is inserted into the brass tube 37 as a sub light guide 33.

The second insertion section outer tube 29 and the second insertion section outer tube 2
A main light guide 31 is inserted between the second insertion section inner tube 23 inserted into the case 9 and the second insertion section inner tube 23 inserted into the case
b, and are integrated together with the auxiliary light guide 33 and inserted into the light guide tube 36.

According to this embodiment, the shape of the first insertion portion 3 is simplified and cleaning becomes easy. Furthermore, the shape (number) of the sub light guides 33 is simplified, making manufacturing easier.

Other functions and effects of the configuration 1 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of a case according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The case 4 provided at the distal end of the first insertion section 3 includes a case body 5a and a case distal end member 39 made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic. Inside this case tip member 39, a light guide tube 16 is provided.
A light guide 15 is inserted therethrough. This light guide 15 includes a second insertion portion inner tube 23 that is partially fixed to the case body 5a and passes through the case tip member 39.
It is guided around the periphery of the light guide and is fixed as a sub light guide 33 by a light guide tube 41. Further, the remaining light guide 15 is inserted as a main light guide 31 between the second insertion section inner tube 23 and the second insertion section outer tube 29.

According to this embodiment, adhesion and polishing of the sub light guide are easy.

The other functions and effects of the configuration 9 are similar to those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a modification of the third embodiment, and is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the case.

The case 4 is composed of a case main body 5a and a case tip member 42. The case tip member 42 is made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic, and has a tapered portion 43 having a narrow diameter formed at the tip. The thickness of this tapered portion 43 is thinner on the outer circumference and thicker on the inner circumference side. By forming it in this way, the tapered part 43 of the case tip member 42 plays the role of a lens, diffuses the illumination light emitted within the case tip part @ 42, and can illuminate a wide area around the root canal. .

FIG. 8 is another modification of the fourth embodiment, and is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the case.

The case 4 includes a case body 5a and a case tip member 44. This case tip member 44 is made of a transparent material. The case tip member 44 is thicker on the outer circumferential side and thinner on the inner circumferential side, and is designed to condense illumination light to some extent by a lens effect. Therefore, this case tip member 44 can prevent illumination light from illuminating unnecessary parts.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a rigid endoscope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

A main body 2 that also serves as a gripping portion, a first insertion portion 3, and a
A main light guide 46 and a II light guide 47 are inserted into the case 4 provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion 3 . This main light guide 46 is an end surface of the case 4, and has an output end surface provided at the distal end surface of the second insertion section inner tube 23 that protrudes perpendicularly to the longitudinal center of the first insertion section 3. . In addition, the sub light guide 47 is
A light emitting end face is provided on the end face of the main light guide 46, and has the same light emitting direction as the main light guide 46. Main light guide 4
6 and the entrance end surface of the sub light guide 47 are the light guide base 48.6 provided on the side of the main body 2, respectively.
49.

This light guide base 48, 49 can be connected to a socket 53, 54 provided at one end of a light guide cable 51, 52 through which a light guide is inserted, and a socket 53, 54 provided at one end of the light guide cable 51, 52 through which the light guide is inserted can be connected. Light source device? Plug 58.5 that can be connected to socket 56.57 provided on t12
9 is provided.

Note that the light guide cables 51 and 52 are integrated.

The light source device 12 is provided with two light source lamps (not shown), and the illumination light emitted from the light source is made to enter the light guide inserted into the light guide cables 51 and 52. There is. In addition, this light source device @12 is equipped with a power source for the light source lamp that is set to 0N-Off.
Switches 61 and 62 that can be turned on and off, and a power switch 63 that can turn on and off the power of the entire light source device 12 are provided.

According to this example,? Depending on the situation in the iSl dormitory or the object to be observed, it is possible to select whether to illuminate with the main light guide 46 or to illuminate with the main light guide 46 and the sub light guide 47 together by operating the switches 61 and 62. By making this selection, when observing the inside of the root canal using only the main light guide 46, the shadows are clear and the state of the irregularities of the object to be observed can be easily seen. Furthermore, since the lighting method can be varied, the usefulness in use is improved.

Other functions and effects of the configuration 1 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram of a rigid endoscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

A small light source device 66 is attached to the side of the main body 2 of the rigid endoscope 1. This small light source device 1166 has a cylindrical shape, and inside thereof includes a light source lamp 67 that can emit illumination light, a condensing lens 69 that can condense this illumination light and make it enter the light guide entrance end surface 68, and the light source lamp 67. A battery 71 capable of supplying electric power is provided.

By eliminating the light guide cable as in this embodiment, it is possible to improve the operability when the operator handles the hard internal tumor lt1.

Other functions and effects of the configuration 1 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In each embodiment of the present invention, an image guide fiber may be used in the objective optical system 22 to simplify the configuration of the objective optical system 22. Further, the angle of the second insertion section 6 with respect to the first insertion section 3 may be made variable so that various observation targets can be handled.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments as long as a sub light guide is used.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, illumination with sufficient brightness for observation can be obtained even at a position far from the observation target, making it easier to confirm the position of the insertion site and perform the insertion operation. can improve sex. Furthermore, periodontal observation becomes possible regardless of distance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the case, Figure 2 is a general schematic diagram of the rigid endoscope, Figures 3 to 5 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the case. , Figure 4 is the third
5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the case according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the case, which is a modification of the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the case, which is another modification of the third embodiment. A schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a rigid endoscope according to an example,
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram of a rigid endoscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 1... Rigid endoscope 1113... First insertion section 6...
Second insertion section 31...Main light guide 33...
Supplementary light guide No. 1 Figure 61D Figure 7 Figure 8 Procedural Nem official document (spontaneous) January 19, 1988 1, Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 261234
No. 2, Title of the invention Rigid endoscope 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant representative Satoshi Shimoyama Department 6, Subject of the amendment Column 7 of “Detailed description of the invention” of the specification, Amendment Contents As shown in the attached sheet, 1. On page 12 of the specification, from line 16 to line 18: [Case tip member...can be illuminated. ] has been corrected to "It is designed to condense illumination light to a certain extent. Therefore, this case tip member 42 can prevent illumination light from illuminating unnecessary parts." 2. On page 13 of the specification, from line 5 to line 8, the phrase "can be prevented by lens action" has been replaced with "by lens action, radiation emitted within the case tip member 44 can be prevented." Diffuses the illumination light and corrects the area around the root canal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first insertion section; a second insertion section that is provided at an end of the first insertion section and extends in a direction crossing the first insertion section and is thinner than the first insertion section; a main light guide that is inserted through the first insertion section and has an exit surface on the end surface of the second insertion section; 1. A rigid endoscope, comprising: a sub-light guide having an exit surface near the base.