JPH01102116A - Construction work of footpath - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a semi-permanent footpath with good efficiency by a method in which a cement mortar layer, a reinforcing net, and a cement mortar layer are sequentially formed on the surface of soil footpath along the boundary of a paddy field to cover the surface of the footpath. CONSTITUTION:A base footpath 5 of soil, having a top 1 and slopes 2 and 3, is formed on the boundary of paddy field 4, and cement mortar or concrete is sprayed onto the surface of the footpath 5 to form a base covering layer 7. A reinforcing net 10 is placed on the layer 7 and cement mortar or concrete is sprayed onto the net 10 to form a finished covering layer 12 in order to construct a footpath. A semi-permanent footpath can thus be constructed with good efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides a semi-permanent material with excellent performance and durability by covering the earthen base ridge surface with a covering layer reinforced with a reinforcing net. This invention relates to a ridge construction method that enables the construction of ridges efficiently and at low cost.

(Prior Art) Conventional earthen ridges provided at the boundaries of rice fields have had various problems caused by weeds growing in the ridges and water leakage in the ridges. This will be explained in detail below.

■! Traditionally, weeds growing in the ridges can become a breeding ground for pathogens that attack rice plants, or a source of pests that transmit pathogens. 3~
I needed it four times.

There are two ways to treat weeds: one is to cut the weeds and the other is to kill the weeds from the roots using herbicides. In addition, when discarding cut weeds, leaves infected with pathogens are left in the ridges, and the pathogens attached to them can be transferred to rice by irrigation water, etc. Because there was a problem that the weeds could be transported and cause diseases to the rice plants, caution was required in cutting and disposing of the weeds. especially,
As shown in Figure 8, when adjacent fields a and b have a large height difference (for example, a height difference of about 2 to 3 meters), there is a problem that a large amount of weeds are removed from the ridge. In addition, there was a risk that the worker would fall when cutting weeds on the slope C facing the lower paddy field.

On the other hand, the method of treating weeds by spraying herbicides does not have the problem of being forced to do hard labor like cutting and disposing of weeds, but it is necessary to spray herbicides two or three times a year. This was unavoidable, and there was also an economic burden, such as the need to purchase herbicides. An even more serious problem was that the ridges were collapsing due to the spraying of herbicides. When the ridge collapses (the section d indicated by the dashed line in Figure 8), not only does the cultivated area of the paddy field below it decrease, but also the ridge gradually becomes lower and its strength weakens. This results in a shortened lifespan and further causes the problem of destabilizing footing when walking on ridges when spraying pesticides, etc. By the way, the reason why herbicide spraying causes ridge collapse is that when herbicides are repeatedly sprayed two to three times a year, most of the weed roots, which contribute to the stable fixation of ridges, are almost killed by the herbicide. This is because the fixity of the ridge is lost.

As described above, there were various problems when dealing with weeds.

5 Water Problems in Po In conventional ridges, cracks as shown in Figure 8 occur naturally or by tunneling by small animals such as moles and moles. There was a problem with irrigation water leaking from the paddy fields.

A conventional attempt to solve these problems includes constructing a concrete retaining wall ridge f as shown in FIG. However, when constructing such a retaining wall ridge, the area surrounded by the dashed-dotted line in Figure 10 (the existing earthen ridge) g
was excavated by large civil engineering machinery, and the remaining soil was disposed of.
After that, many steps are required, such as constructing the formwork, pouring concrete, and removing the form after curing the concrete, and a large amount of concrete is required, so the construction cost is extremely high. It was not practical, as it required a long construction period, and the introduction of large civil engineering machinery into the paddy fields caused the paddy fields to become extremely rough.

The present invention aims to provide a ridge construction method for constructing semi-permanent ridges that solves the rJi problem.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The ridge construction method of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the method) is characterized in that a top surface (flat or approximately flat top surface) 1
Slope portions 2.3 are connected to each other on both sides of the slope portions 2, 3.
When the lower end of the top is extended below the rice field 5
After that, mortar or concrete is sprayed on the entire surface of the base layer 5 to form a base coating layer 7,
After covering and fixing the reinforcing net 10 over the entire surface of the base coating layer 7, a finishing coating layer 12 is formed by spraying mortar or concrete over the entire surface of the reinforcing net 10. The reinforcing net 10 is sandwiched between the layer 12 and the layer 12.

In addition to the construction method of the present invention, there is a construction method in which slope portions 2 and 3 are connected to each other on both sides of a top surface portion 1 at the boundary portion of a rice field, and the lower ends of both slope portions 2 and 3 are extended below the rice field surface. A base layer 5 is formed, then a reinforcing net 10 is covered and fixed over the entire surface of the base layer 5, and then mortar or concrete is sprayed over the entire surface of the reinforcing net 10 to form a covering layer 11. shall be.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings, taking as an example a case where there is a height difference between upper and lower rice fields.

Figures 1 to 5 provide a detailed explanation of the present invention for constructing ridges by forming a base coating layer (base mortar layer in this embodiment).

In the first step of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, slope portions 2.3 are continuously provided on both sides of a substantially flat top portion 1, and the lower end of the slope portion 2.3 is removed from the bottom of the rice field 4 by excavating the field surface. This is a step of forming a base ridge 5 of the upper material which is extended. 1st
Reference numeral 6.6 in the figure indicates an excavated groove, and the width of the groove is such that it does not interfere with the work of spraying mortar, which will be described later. The reason for extending the lower end of the surface area 2.3 below the rice field is to prevent moles, moles, etc. from entering the ridges, to reliably prevent irrigation water from leaking out of the paddy fields, and to extend the ridges. This is to improve stability, and it is usually extended to a depth of about 15 to 20 marks from the surface of the field.

When forming the base ridge 5, weeds are treated by spraying herbicides as necessary, and the height of the base ridge 5 is determined by the height of the ridge to be formed (the height of the ridge in the upper paddy field). Adjust the distance so that it does not interfere with climbing up and down (for example, 15 to 20 cm). Note that the base ridge 5 is usually formed by appropriately modifying a conventional upper part.

In the second step of the present invention, mortar (
(in some cases, a quick-setting agent may be mixed in) is sprayed to a substantially equal thickness (for example, about 1 to 2 cm thick).
This is a step of forming a base coating layer 7 that is integrated with the base ridge 5 as shown in FIGS.

The third step of the present invention is as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5,
This is a step of covering the entire surface 9 of the dried base coating layer 7 with a reinforcing net 10 such as lath or synthetic resin net, and fixing the reinforcing net 10 to the base coating layer 7 with staples or the like. The reinforcing net 1
No. 0 is intended to prevent as much as possible the occurrence of cracks in the coating layer 11 in the ridges formed as shown in FIG. 5, to prolong the life of the ridges, and to prevent weeds from growing from the cracked portions. The size of the mesh, the thickness of the wire material forming the mesh, etc. are set to the required values, taking into account the height of the ridge to be constructed, the slope of the slope of the ridge, etc.

The fourth step of the present invention is as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5,
Apply mortar (accelerating agent may be mixed in some cases) over the entire surface of the reinforcing net 10 to approximately the same thickness (for example, about 2 to 4 cm thick).
In this step, the base coating layer 7 and the finish coating layer 12 are integrated with the reinforcing net 10 sandwiched between them in a sandwich-like manner. Note that since the top surface portion 13 of the finished coating layer 12 also serves as a walking path, it may be leveled as necessary. Moreover, the excavated groove 6.6 in the field surface is buried after the finishing coating layer 12 is formed (see FIG. 5).

By going through the above steps, as shown in Figure 5,
A ridge 14 is constructed in which the base ridge 5 is covered with the coating layer 11 and the slope portion 2.3 thereof has the same slope as in the conventional upper town.

In addition, in FIG. 5, the reference numeral 15 indicates a water-stopping material (for example, a synthetic resin corrugated plate, a synthetic resin waterproof sheet, etc.) applied as necessary to the lower end portion of the base slopeable surface portion 2 facing the upper rice field.
When applying the water stop material 15 in this way,
This will further improve the reliability of water leakage prevention in the ridges.

FIG. 6 shows another example of a ridge constructed by forming a base covering layer, and shows a ridge 14 constructed at a boundary between rice fields in a flat area. In FIG. 6, parts similar to the ridges shown in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals.

Fig. 7 shows another example of the ridge 14 constructed without forming a base coating layer, and the construction method for constructing the ridge 14 is to directly cover the entire surface of the base ridge 5. The reinforcing net 10 is covered and fixed, and then mortar is sprayed on the entire surface of the reinforcing net 10 to a required thickness (for example, about 3 to 5 cm) to form a covering Nll.

This construction method is conveniently employed when the surface of the base ridge 5 is formed relatively smooth. Note that when fixing the reinforcing net 10 over the entire surface of the base ridge 5, if the reinforcing net 10 is lifted about 511 degrees from the surface of the base ridge 5, the mortar can also be sprayed on the underside of the reinforcing net 10. It is preferable that it can be done.

Reference numeral 16 in FIG. 7 shows an exaggerated mortar layer below the reinforcing net 10. Incidentally, even at the boundary between rice fields on flat land, a covering layer can be constructed without forming a base covering layer in the same manner as shown in FIG.

In the case shown in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the constructed ridge 14 is provided with a ridge top surface portion and both ridge lines, for example, at intervals of 10 m, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to form a joint groove 19 having a width of, for example, one mark over the entire surface portion using a cutter, and then fill the joint groove 19 with caulking agent 20.

(Effects of the Invention) The construction method of the present invention covers the surface of the upper base ridge with a coating layer such as a sprayed mortar layer or a sprayed concrete layer reinforced with a reinforcing net, so that the following ■ to
The various effects described in .

(2) When the construction method of the present invention is used, ridges are constructed in which weeds that are likely to become a breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria that attack rice or a source of pests that transmit pathogenic bacteria and the like do not grow. Therefore, it becomes unnecessary to treat weeds, which was unavoidable in the past, reducing the burden on agricultural work, and eliminating the need for herbicides, resulting in excellent economic efficiency. Also, since weeds do not grow, it is easier to walk on the ridges, making it easier to spray pesticides, etc.

■ When using the construction method of the present invention, the slopes on both sides of the ridge are covered with a mortar layer or concrete layer reinforced with a reinforcing net, not only in the part that comes into contact with irrigation water in the paddy field but also in the required depth from the field surface. Because the area is covered, there is a problem with traditional Kamimachi where irrigation water from the paddy fields leaks due to cracks in the ridges that develop naturally due to weakening of the ridges or due to the invasion of small animals such as moles and mole crickets. Does not occur.

■ When using the construction method of the present invention, the entire base ridge is covered with mortar or concrete (the part below the field surface is also covered), and the mortar layer or concrete layer is also effectively reinforced with a reinforcing net. Therefore, the ridges are fixed and maintained in a stable state by the reinforcing-coating layer. Therefore, even if the user walks on the ridge under the influence of rain or during pesticide spraying work, the risk of the ridge being cracked, sinking or collapsing is minimized. In addition, since the lower end of the slope of the ridge is below the rice field, the lower end is protected by the soil, which helps to avoid the problem of chipping of the slope of the ridge during plowing work at the edge of the ridge.

■ In the construction method of the present invention, the base ridge can be created by making appropriate modifications to the conventional upper town, so the main focus of the construction is the spraying of mortar and concrete, which does not require much effort, and the fixing of the reinforcing net. Moreover, since the ridges formed are covered with mortar or concrete, as shown in Figure 9,
Less material is required compared to when the entire ridge is made of concrete. Therefore, construction is easy, the construction period is short, and construction costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are sectional views explaining the present invention in detail; FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a ridge constructed by applying the present invention;
6 and 7 are cross-sectional views showing other application examples of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional ridge, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a concrete retaining wall ridge, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional ridge. FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the state of excavation of the existing upper town area when constructing the retaining wall ridge shown in FIG. 9; 5... Base ridge, 7... Base coating layer, 10... Reinforcement net, 12... Finish coating layer.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Slopes 2 on both sides of the top 1 at the boundary of the rice fields,
3 are connected in series and the lower ends of both slope parts 2 and 3 are extended below the rice field to form an earthen base ridge 5, and then,
A base coating layer 7 is formed by spraying mortar or concrete over the entire surface of the base ridge 5. After the reinforcement net 10 is covered and fixed over the entire surface of the base coating layer 7, the entire surface of the reinforcement net 10 is coated with mortar or concrete. A ridge construction method characterized by spraying concrete to form a finish coating layer 12, and placing a reinforcing net 10 between the base coating layer 7 and the finish coating layer 12. (2) Slopes 2 on both sides of the top 1 at the boundary of the rice fields;
3 are connected in series and the lower ends of both slope parts 2 and 3 are extended below the rice field to form an earthen base ridge 5, and then,
After covering and fixing the reinforcing net 10 over the entire surface of the base ridge 5,
A ridge construction method characterized by spraying mortar or concrete over the entire surface of the reinforcing net 10 to form a covering layer 11.