JP7835985B2 - Substation equipment - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to power receiving and transforming equipment.

Generally, substations consist of a roughly box-shaped metal enclosure containing a main busbar and various electrical equipment. A high voltage (e.g., 6.6 kV) is applied to the main busbar. The high-voltage electrical equipment connected to the main busbar varies depending on the application of the electrical equipment, but examples include circuit breakers, disconnectors, current transformers, and instrument transformers. The space containing the main busbar and high-voltage electrical equipment is separated by an enclosure and partitions to prevent electric shock. Hereafter, the room forming this space will be referred to as the "high-voltage room."

On the other hand, within the enclosure, outside the high-voltage chamber, are control devices and the like for controlling the high-voltage electrical equipment. Low voltages (e.g., 100V, 200V, etc.) are applied to the control devices and other electrical equipment located outside the high-voltage chamber. Hereinafter, the room within the enclosure that forms the space outside the high-voltage chamber will be referred to as the "low-voltage chamber."

Conventionally, when inspecting the above-mentioned high-voltage electrical equipment, the electricity flowing through the main busbar was temporarily stopped (power out), and then the appearance of the busbar and the high-voltage electrical equipment was visually inspected, or the resistance was measured. In contrast, the enclosed electrical equipment described in Patent Document 1 has a camera installed inside the housing, which captures light emission due to minute discharges in the insulating support that supports the main busbar, which is insulated from the surroundings, located inside the housing. This allows the insulating support to be monitored without the need for power outages.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-195344

In Patent Document 1, the camera is installed in the high-voltage chamber, which includes the main busbar. Therefore, when performing maintenance such as inspection or replacement of the camera, it is necessary to power out the system.

One aspect of the present invention aims to realize a power receiving and transforming system that allows maintenance of monitoring equipment such as cameras without causing a power outage to the high-voltage chamber, including the main busbar.

To solve the above problems, a power receiving and transforming equipment according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a high-voltage chamber for housing electrical equipment operating at high voltage, a low-voltage chamber for housing electrical equipment operating at a voltage lower than the high voltage, provided via a partition plate at at least one of the front and rear of the high-voltage chamber, and a monitoring chamber for housing monitoring equipment for monitoring the high-voltage chamber, provided via a partition plate in a part of the high-voltage chamber and communicating with the low-voltage chamber.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a power receiving and transforming system can be realized that allows maintenance of monitoring equipment without causing a power outage in the high-voltage room.

These are a front view, left side view, rear view, and top view showing the external appearance of a metal closed-type switchgear according to one embodiment of the present invention. This is a right side view of the above-mentioned switchgear, with the left side of the housing of the switchgear cut out. This is a front view of the above-mentioned switchgear, showing the switchgear with its front door open. This is a perspective view showing an overview of the frame in which the circuit breaker in the above-mentioned switchgear is installed. This is a perspective view showing a portion of the frame shown above, with a section cut out. Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the left side of the monitoring box in the frame, with a section cut out from the perspective view. This figure shows an example of an infrared image captured by a surveillance camera installed in the monitoring box within the above-mentioned frame. This figure shows an example of an infrared image captured by a surveillance camera installed on a camera mount in the front low-pressure chamber of the above-mentioned switchgear. This is a perspective view showing the outline of the frame in which the circuit breaker is installed in an existing metal-enclosed switchgear. This is a front view showing a modified example of the above switchgear, with the front door open.

One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 9.

<Exterior view of the switchgear>
Figure 1 shows the front view, left side view, rear view, and top view, which are six views showing the external appearance of the metal closed-type switchgear according to this embodiment. The right side view is the same as the left side view. The front view shows the front part of the switchgear 1, the rear view shows the rear part of the switchgear 1, the top view shows the upper part of the switchgear 1, and the left side view shows the right part of the switchgear 1.

Switchgear 1 is a power receiving and transforming equipment that houses various devices for receiving high-voltage power in a metal casing 11. As shown in Figure 1, Switchgear 1 has metal front doors 12 and rear doors 13 attached to the front and rear of the casing 11, respectively. Closing the front doors 12 and rear doors 13 seals off the inside of the casing 11.

<Switchgear Configuration>
Figure 2 is a right side view of the switchgear 1, with the left side of the housing 11 cut out. As shown in Figure 2, the switchgear 1 has a high-voltage chamber 14, a front low-voltage chamber 15 (low-voltage chamber) installed in front of the high-voltage chamber 14, and a rear low-voltage chamber 16 (low-voltage chamber) installed behind the high-voltage chamber 14. The high-voltage chamber 14 and the front low-voltage chamber 15 are separated by a front partition plate 17 and a control panel 33 for the circuit breaker 23, which will be described later. The high-voltage chamber 14 and the rear low-voltage chamber 16 are separated by a rear partition plate 18. As a result, the high-voltage chamber 14, the front low-voltage chamber 15, and the rear low-voltage chamber 16 are formed independently and separately inside the switchgear 1.

The front partition plate 17 is made of metal, and the rear partition plate is made of transparent resin. Workers can access the front low-pressure chamber 15 by opening the front door 12, and the rear low-pressure chamber 16 by opening the rear door 13.

(High-pressure chamber)
In the high-voltage chamber 14, the main busbar 21 is electrically connected to the cable 25 via a current transformer 22, a circuit breaker 23, and a disconnector 24. The current transformer 22, circuit breaker 23, and disconnector 24 are electrical devices that operate at high voltage (e.g., 6.6 kV), that is, electrical devices that can be in a state where high voltage is applied (charged state). An instrument transformer 26 is also installed in the high-voltage chamber 14. The conductors used to electrically connect the main busbar 21 to the cable 25 are fastened to each other, or to the aforementioned electrical devices, by fastening members (bolts and nuts).

The main busbar 21 is composed of three phase (R, S, T) busbars. Note that the number of phases is not limited to three. The current transformer 22 transforms the current from the main busbar 21.

The circuit breaker 23 electrically connects the main busbar 21 and the cable 25, or disconnects the connection to extinguish the arc. The circuit breaker 23 includes a primary-side fixed terminal 31, a secondary-side fixed terminal 32, and a control panel 33. The fixed terminal 31 is electrically connected to the current transformer 22. The fixed terminal 32 is electrically connected to the disconnector 24. The control panel 33 is for operators to control the circuit breaker 23 from the front low-voltage room 15.

The circuit breaker 23 is retractable into the front low-voltage chamber 15. After the operator opens (disconnects) the circuit breaker 23, pulling it into the front low-voltage chamber 15 physically disconnects the electrical connection between the main body terminal 23a and the fixed terminal 31, and also physically disconnects the electrical connection between the main body terminal 23b and the fixed terminal 32.

The disconnector 24 electrically connects or disconnects the main busbar 21 and the cable 25. The cable 25 is electrically connected to external equipment (load). The instrument transformer 26 measures the received voltage.

(Front low-pressure chamber)
Figure 3 is a front view of the switchgear 1, showing the front door 12 in the open position. The front low-voltage chamber 15 mainly contains control equipment for controlling various electrical devices and monitoring equipment for monitoring the high-voltage chamber 14. The control equipment and monitoring equipment are electrical devices that operate at low voltages lower than the high voltage (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.).

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the front low-pressure chamber 15 is equipped with the control panel 33, the operating device 34, and the surveillance cameras 35 and 36. Note that surveillance camera 36 is omitted in Figure 3. The dashed line in Figure 2 indicates the shooting direction of surveillance cameras 35 and 36.

The control unit 34 is used by the operator to switch the electrical connection or disconnection between the main busbar 21 and the cable 25 via the disconnector 24. The control unit 34 is connected to the disconnector 24 via a connecting wire 34a. The operator switches the connection or disconnection via the disconnector 24 by moving a lever provided on the control unit 34.

A camera mount 37 is provided above the control panel 33. A mounting plate 38 is tiltably attached to the camera mount 37, and a surveillance camera 35 is mounted on the mounting plate 38. The surveillance camera 35 monitors the upper part of the circuit breaker 23. Specifically, the surveillance camera 35 is an infrared camera and measures the temperature distribution at the connection point between the circuit breaker 23 and the fixed terminal 31. The surveillance camera 35 is also a visible light camera. A resin window 39 that transmits infrared rays is provided in the area of the front partition plate 17a facing the surveillance camera 35.

The surveillance camera 36 photographs the operation counter of the circuit breaker 23. In other words, the surveillance camera 36 monitors the number of times the circuit breaker 23 has operated. The subject of the surveillance camera 36 can also be visually confirmed by workers from the front low-voltage room 15.

(Rear low-pressure chamber)
Surveillance cameras 41 to 46 are installed in the rear low-voltage chamber 16. The dashed lines in Figure 2 indicate the shooting directions of the surveillance cameras 41 to 46. The fastening members provided from the main busbar 21 to the cable 25 generate heat when high voltage is applied. Therefore, these fastening members are monitored by the surveillance cameras 41 to 46. Furthermore, the surveillance cameras 41 to 46 monitor the contamination status of the insulating support that supports the conductors from the main busbar 21 to the cable 25 in an insulated state from the surroundings, the light emission due to minute discharges, the temperature of the conductors, etc. The subjects of the surveillance cameras 41 to 46 can also be visually confirmed by workers from the rear low-voltage chamber 16.

(Monitoring box)
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing an outline of the frame in which the circuit breaker 23 is installed. Note that in Figure 2, the frame 51 is omitted for the sake of simplifying the drawing. As shown in Figure 4, in addition to the circuit breaker 23, the frame 51 is also equipped with the aforementioned surveillance camera 35, camera stand 37, front partition plate 17a, and surveillance boxes 52 and 53 (surveillance rooms).

The monitoring boxes 52 and 53 are metal enclosures housing monitoring cameras 54 and 55 for monitoring equipment in the high-voltage chamber 14, and are installed on either side of the circuit breaker 23. The monitoring boxes 52 and 53 have openings 52a and 53a at their front, and transparent resin covers 56 and 57 are fitted to these openings, respectively.

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a portion of the frame 51 cut out. Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the left side of the monitoring box 52, further cut out from the perspective view in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 6, a position adjustment device 61 is slidably mounted in the front-to-back direction on the right side of the monitoring box 52. A rotating device 62 is rotatably mounted to the position adjustment device 61. A mounting plate 63 is attached to the rotating device 62, and a monitoring camera 54 is mounted on the mounting plate 63. The position adjustment device 61 allows adjustment of the front-to-back position of the monitoring camera 54, and the rotating device 62 allows adjustment of the shooting direction of the monitoring camera 54.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, a resin window 64 that transmits infrared light is provided in the left side of the monitoring box 52, in the area facing the monitoring camera 54. This allows the monitoring camera 54 to monitor the inside of the high-pressure chamber 14 through the window 64.

The surveillance camera 54 is an infrared camera. This allows for the measurement of the temperature distribution at the connection points between the circuit breaker 23 and the fixed terminals 31 and 32 in the high-voltage chamber 14. The surveillance camera 54 also includes a communication unit (not shown) for communicating with an external device. This allows the surveillance camera 54 to transmit captured image data to the external device. As a result, the external device can monitor the inside of the high-voltage chamber 14 via the surveillance camera 54. The communication unit may communicate via wired or wireless connection. The monitoring box 53 has a similar configuration, so its description is omitted.

Therefore, in the switchgear 1 of this embodiment, when performing maintenance on the surveillance cameras 54 and 55 housed in the surveillance boxes 52 and 53, the resin covers 56 and 57 are removed. This allows communication between the surveillance boxes 52 and 53 and the front low-voltage chamber 15, enabling the maintenance to be performed from the front low-voltage chamber 15. Consequently, it becomes unnecessary to temporarily stop (power out) the high voltage applied in the high-voltage chamber 14 for the purpose of the maintenance.

Figure 7 shows an example of a visible light image captured by a surveillance camera 55 installed in the monitoring box 53. Figure 8 shows an example of a visible light image captured by a surveillance camera 35 installed on a camera mount 37 in the front low-pressure chamber 15. Thus, in this embodiment, surveillance cameras 54, 55, and surveillance camera 35 are also visible light cameras.

As described above, since the circuit breaker 23 has a pull-out structure, the connection between the main body terminals 23a and 23b and the fixed terminals 31 and 32 is made by contact pressure. Therefore, compared to connections made by bolting, there is a risk of overheating due to changes in resistance. Accordingly, it is desirable to monitor the connection points between the main body terminals 23a and 23b and the fixed terminals 31 and 32. However, it is not possible for workers to visually inspect these connection points from the front low-voltage chamber 15 and the rear low-voltage chamber 16.

In contrast, in this embodiment, the connection between the main body terminal 23a and the fixed terminal 31 can be monitored by the surveillance camera 35 and window 39 installed above the control panel 33 in the front low-voltage chamber 15, as shown in Figure 8. However, the connection between the main body terminal 23b and the fixed terminal 32 cannot be monitored because it is obstructed by the main body of the circuit breaker 23.

On the other hand, the surveillance camera 55 installed in the surveillance box 53 can monitor the connection between the main unit terminals 23a and 23b and the fixed terminals 31 and 32, as shown in Figure 7. In this way, the surveillance camera 55 can monitor areas of the high-voltage chamber 14 that cannot be monitored by the surveillance cameras 35, 36, and 41-46 installed in the front low-voltage chamber 15 and rear low-voltage chamber 16. The same applies to the surveillance camera 54 installed in the surveillance box 52. Therefore, by installing multiple surveillance boxes 52 and 53, the surveillance cameras 54 and 55 can monitor in detail areas of the high-voltage chamber 14 that cannot be monitored by the surveillance cameras 35, 36, and 41-46 installed in the front low-voltage chamber 15 and rear low-voltage chamber 16.

(How to install the monitoring box)
Next, we will explain how to install monitoring boxes 52 and 53 on existing metal-enclosed switchgears.

Figure 9 is a perspective view showing an outline of the frame in which the circuit breaker 23 is installed in an existing metal-enclosed switchgear. The existing frame 101 shown in Figure 9 differs from the frame 51 shown in Figure 4 in that the monitoring boxes 52 and 53 are omitted, and partition plates 102 and 103 are installed on both sides of the control panel 33, respectively; otherwise, they are the same.

First, remove the partition plate 102 from the existing frame 101 shown in Figure 9. This creates openings 104 on both sides of the control panel 33. Next, install the position adjustment device 61, the rotating device 62, the mounting plate 63, and the monitoring camera 54 into the monitoring box 52, and then insert the monitoring box 52 through the opening 104. In other words, the monitoring box 52 is now insertable into the frame 101. Next, adjust the position and shooting direction of the monitoring camera 54 using the position adjustment device 61 and the rotating device 62. After that, attach the resin cover 56 to the opening of the monitoring box 52. The same procedure is then performed for the monitoring box 53, completing the frame 51 shown in Figure 4.

<Different example>
Figure 10 is a front view showing a modified example of the switchgear 1 shown in Figures 1 to 9, with the front door 12 in the open position. The switchgear 1 shown in Figure 10 differs from the switchgear 1 shown in Figure 3 in that it has a camera base 71, mounting plate 72, surveillance camera 73, and window section 74 instead of the camera base 37, mounting plate 38, surveillance camera 35, and window section 39, but the other configurations are the same. Note that the camera base 71, mounting plate 72, surveillance camera 73, and window section 74 are the same as the camera base 37, mounting plate 38, surveillance camera 35, and window section 39, so their explanation will be omitted.

In this modified example, the camera base 71, mounting plate 72, surveillance camera 73, and window section 74 are located above the monitoring box 53, that is, to the left of the partition plate 17a. Thus, the set of camera base, mounting plate, surveillance camera, and window section, installed on the partition plate 17a of the control panel 33, can be positioned at any location on the partition plate 17a depending on the area of the high-pressure chamber 14 to be monitored.

<Additional Notes>
In this embodiment, monitoring boxes 52 and 53 are provided on both sides of the circuit breaker 23, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, a monitoring box 52 may be installed on one side of the circuit breaker 23, and a conventional partition plate 103 may be installed on the other side.

Furthermore, referring to Figure 4, it can be seen that there is space above the circuit breaker 23. Therefore, the partition plate 17a above the control panel 33 may be removed to expose the opening, and the monitoring box 52 may be inserted into this opening in a tilted position. Alternatively, to monitor the disconnector 24, monitoring boxes 52 and 53 may be inserted from the rear low-voltage chamber 16 on both sides of the disconnector 24. Thus, the number of monitoring boxes installed may be one, two, or three or more.

Furthermore, in the monitoring box 52, only the upper, left, and rear metal plates that function as partitions from the high-pressure chamber 14 are required; the lower and right metal plates can be omitted. Similarly, in the monitoring box 53, only the upper, right, and rear metal plates that function as partitions from the high-pressure chamber 14 are required; the lower and left metal plates can be omitted. In other words, the monitoring boxes 52 and 53 do not necessarily have to be enclosures; they can simply be small rooms (monitoring rooms) partitioned from the high-pressure chamber 14.

Furthermore, surveillance cameras 35, 54, and 55 may be cameras that capture visible light. In this case, sparks, dirt, etc., on the circuit breaker 23 can be monitored. Also, surveillance cameras 35, 54, and 55 may be cameras that capture both visible light and infrared light.

〔summary〕
A substation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention comprises a high-voltage chamber for housing electrical equipment that operates at high voltage, a low-voltage chamber for housing electrical equipment that operates at a voltage lower than the high voltage, the low-voltage chamber being provided via a partition plate in front of and behind the high-voltage chamber, and a monitoring chamber for housing monitoring equipment for monitoring the high-voltage chamber, the monitoring chamber being provided via a partition plate in a part of the high-voltage chamber and being able to communicate with the low-voltage chamber.

According to the above configuration, maintenance of the monitoring equipment housed in the monitoring room can be performed from a low-voltage room that is connected to the monitoring room. Therefore, it becomes unnecessary to temporarily shut off (power out) the high voltage applied in the high-voltage room for the purpose of maintenance.

In the substation equipment according to aspect 2 of the present invention, in aspect 1, the monitoring device is a camera, and the monitoring chamber may include a resin window in the area facing the camera. In this case, the camera can monitor the high-voltage chamber through the window.

In the substation equipment according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, in embodiment 2, the camera may be an infrared camera, and the window may be a resin window that transmits infrared rays. In this case, the temperature distribution inside the high-voltage chamber can be measured.

In the substation equipment according to aspect 4 of the present invention, in aspects 1 to 3 described above, the monitoring chamber may be a metal casing and may be insertable from the low-voltage chamber, which is connected to it. In this case, the monitoring chamber can be provided in existing substation equipment by inserting the metal casing from the low-voltage chamber to the high-voltage chamber, thereby achieving the above-described effects.

In the power receiving and transforming equipment according to embodiment 5 of the present invention, the monitoring device may include a communication unit for communicating with an external device, as described in embodiments 1 to 4 above. In this case, the external device can monitor the high-voltage chamber via the monitoring device.

In embodiment 6 of the present invention, the power receiving and transforming equipment may include multiple monitoring rooms as described in embodiments 1 to 5 above. In this case, the high-voltage room can be monitored in more detail.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included within the technical scope of the present invention.

1 Switchgear 11 Housing 12 Front door 13 Rear door 14 High-pressure chamber 15 Front low-pressure chamber (low-pressure chamber)
16. Rear low-pressure chamber (low-pressure chamber)
17, 17a Front partition plate (partition plate)
18. Rear partition plate (partition plate)
21 Main busbar 22 Current transformer 23 Circuit breakers 23a, 23b Main unit terminal 24 Disconnector 25 Cable 26 Instrument transformers 31, 32 Fixed terminal 33 Control panel 34 Operator 34a Connecting wires 35, 36, 41-46, 54, 55, 73 Surveillance cameras 37, 71 Camera mounts 38, 63, 72 Mounting plates 39, 64, 74 Window section 51 Frame 52, 53 Surveillance box (surveillance room)
52a, 53a Openings 56, 57 Resin cover 61 Position adjuster 62 Rotating device

Claims (6)

A high-voltage chamber housing electrical equipment that operates at high voltage,
A low-voltage chamber for housing electrical equipment that operates at a voltage lower than the aforementioned high voltage, the low-voltage chamber being provided via a partition plate in front of and behind the aforementioned high-voltage chamber,
A power receiving and transforming facility comprising a monitoring room for housing monitoring equipment for monitoring the high-voltage chamber, the monitoring room being provided in a part of the high-voltage chamber via a partition plate and being able to communicate with the low-voltage chamber. The aforementioned monitoring device is a camera,
The power receiving and transforming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring room includes a resin window in the area facing the camera. The aforementioned camera is an infrared camera,
The power receiving and transforming equipment according to claim 2, wherein the window portion is a resin window portion that transmits infrared rays. The monitoring chamber is a metal enclosure and is insertable from the low-voltage chamber, as described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The monitoring device comprises a communication unit for communicating with an external device, as described in any one of claims 1 to 3. A power receiving and transforming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a plurality of the aforementioned monitoring rooms.