JP7533068B2 - Building design method, building design support system, and building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a building design method, a building design support system, and a building that supports the design of the exterior shape of a building.

When designing a building, the design of the roof and other parts greatly affects the overall appearance of the building. In designing a building, CAD (Computer-Aided Design) or BIM (Building Information Modeling) may be used. By using BIM, various information on structural design and equipment design can be managed for a three-dimensional model. An input/output system for an automatic residential roof design device used to consider roofs is also under consideration (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the technology disclosed in this document, an automatic residential roof design means uses a design function to automatically design a roof shape formed for the exterior shape of a house, either alone from a number of pre-set types of roofs or by combining a number of roof types.

JP 2007-188422 A

However, the impression of a building, such as its roof, is not determined solely by the shape of the building. For example, a harmonious building cannot be created without taking into account the surrounding environment.

In a design method for solving the above problem, a building is constructed on a reclaimed land that has been cut. In this case, topographical information including different elevations is acquired for the area surrounding the reclaimed land, the topographical information is used to predict a virtual shape for the reclaimed land, the virtual shape is used to identify the exterior shape of the roof of the building, and the exterior shape is adjusted according to the building structure.

The design support system for solving the above problem includes a control unit that supports the design of a building to be constructed on a cut-and-reclaimed land. The control unit acquires topographical information including different elevations in the area surrounding the reclaimed land, uses the topographical information to predict a virtual shape on the reclaimed land, uses the virtual shape to identify the exterior shape of the roof of the building, and adjusts the exterior shape according to the building structure.

In addition, to solve the above problem, a building constructed on a cut-and-reclaimed land has an exterior shape of a roof that corresponds to the virtual shape of the land, predicted using topographical information including different elevations in the surrounding area of the land.

The present invention can assist in the design of a building's exterior shape while taking into account the surrounding environment.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a hardware configuration of the embodiment. FIG. FIG. 2 is a topographical map of a building construction site according to an embodiment. 1 is a predicted diagram of the topography of a building construction site according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a roof shape of a building according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example building according to an embodiment.

An embodiment will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 7. In this embodiment, a building design method, a building design support system, and a building used when constructing the exterior of a building in consideration of the topography will be described.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a topographical information server 10 and a support device 20 are used.

(Hardware configuration description)
2, the hardware configuration of the information processing device H10 constituting the topographical information server 10 and the support device 20 will be described. The information processing device H10 includes a communication device H11, an input device H12, a display device H13, a storage device H14, and a processor H15. Note that this hardware configuration is an example, and it is also possible to realize the information processing device H10 using other hardware.

The communication device H11 is an interface that establishes a communication path with other devices and transmits and receives data, such as a network interface or a wireless interface.

The input device H12 is a device that accepts input of various information, such as a mouse, a keyboard, etc. The display device H13 is a display or the like that displays various information.
The storage device H14 is a storage device that stores data and various programs for executing various functions of the topographical information server 10 and the support device 20. Examples of the storage device H14 include a ROM, a RAM, and a hard disk.

The processor H15 uses the programs and data stored in the storage device H14 to control each process in the topographical information server 10 and the support device 20. Examples of the processor H15 include a CPU and an MPU. The processor H15 expands the programs stored in the ROM, etc., into the RAM and executes various processes for each process.

The processor H15 is not limited to performing software processing for all of the processes it executes. For example, the processor H15 may be equipped with a dedicated hardware circuit (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit: ASIC) that performs hardware processing for at least some of the processes it executes. That is, the processor H15 may be configured as a circuit including: (1) one or more processors that operate according to a computer program (software); (2) one or more dedicated hardware circuits that execute at least some of the various processes; or (3) a combination thereof. The processor includes a CPU and memory such as RAM and ROM, and the memory stores program code or instructions configured to cause the CPU to execute processes. The memory, i.e., computer-readable medium, includes any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or dedicated computer.

(System Configuration)
Next, each function of the design support system will be described with reference to FIG.
The topographical information server 10 is a computer system (geographical information system) that provides topographical information of various locations. This topographical information server 10 manages elevation information of various locations with respect to latitude and longitude. This makes it possible to create a three-dimensional model of the earth's surface to be used in BIM and the like. For example, the website of the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan, which provides digital maps (basic national land information), can be used. In this embodiment, the digital elevation model is expressed as a TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network) or a texture image, etc., based on the digital map.

The support device 20 is a computer system (design support system) that supports the design of a building in BIM. The support device 20 includes a control unit 21 and a storage unit 22.
The control unit 21 performs 3D CAD processing in BIM, which will be described later. For this purpose, the control unit 21 functions as a BIM execution unit 212 by a design support program that runs on an operating system 211. Furthermore, the control unit 21 functions as a design support unit 213 by executing an add-on of the design support program.

The operating system 211 is a basic application for operating the support device 20 .
The BIM execution unit 212 realizes 3D CAD (computer-aided design) by arranging 3D models (objects) in a virtual 3D space using BIM technology. Each 3D model holds various pieces of information related to the building as attributes.
The design support unit 213 uses the topographical information to execute a process for supporting the design of the exterior (in this embodiment, the external shape of the roof).

The memory unit 22 records topographical information 221 and BIM information 222.
The terrain information 221 is a digital elevation model of the terrain of the location where the building is to be constructed. The terrain information 221 is recorded when it is obtained from the terrain information server 10. The terrain information 221 includes a three-dimensional model of the terrain that represents elevation relative to longitude and latitude.

BIM information 222 records design information created in BIM. This BIM information 222 is recorded when a building is designed using 3D CAD. BIM information 222 includes project information, element models, placement information, and attribute information.

The project information includes information regarding the name of the construction site, the longitude and latitude, the direction of the construction site, and the like.
The element model is information regarding a three-dimensional model (object) of each building element (component) used on a building site.

The placement information includes information on the coordinates at which each element model is placed.
The attribute information is attribute information of this architectural element, and includes information on specifications (standards, dimensions, area, volume, material, price, etc.).

(Design support processing)
The design support process will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of identifying the contour lines of the surrounding land (step S101). Specifically, the design support unit 213 of the control unit 21 outputs a location information input screen to the display device H13. This location information input screen has input fields for the longitude and latitude of the location where the building is to be constructed. Then, when the longitude and latitude are input, the design support unit 213 acquires a digital elevation model including a predetermined range according to the longitude and latitude from the topographical information server 10. This digital elevation model includes different elevations according to the longitude and latitude. Then, the design support unit 213 records the acquired digital elevation model in the storage unit 22 as topographical information 221.

As shown in FIG. 4, the digital elevation model 500 of the building construction site includes contour lines 501. Here, the area of the developed land 502 where the land has been cut is flat. The contour lines 501 allow the slope shape 503 of the area surrounding the developed land 502 to be identified.

Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process for identifying the original shape of the developed land (step S102). Specifically, the design support unit 213 of the control unit 21 outputs the digital elevation model of the topographical information 221 to the display device H13. In this case, the person in charge specifies the location of the developed land on which the building is to be constructed in the digital elevation model. When the location of the developed land is specified, the design support unit 213 specifies the elevation of a predetermined range around the developed land. Then, the design support unit 213 extends the specified elevation from the periphery of the developed land to the inside of the developed land, and estimates the original shape of the developed land before cutting. In this case, a gentle original shape is estimated for the specified elevation using curve fitting technology (e.g., spline interpolation).

As shown in FIG. 5, the elevation position data constituting the slope shape 503 is extended from the entire surrounding area into the developed land 502 and interpolated to generate a virtual terrain 510. This generates a virtual contour line 511 above the developed land 502.

Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process for identifying the roof shape according to the original shape (step S103). Specifically, the design support unit 213 of the control unit 21 identifies the exterior shape of the building roof with the virtual terrain as its outer edge according to the building area of the building.

As shown in FIG. 6, a roof appearance shape 520 is generated above the developed land 502 in accordance with the generated virtual terrain 510 .
3, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of adjusting the roof shape in accordance with the building structure (step S104). Specifically, the BIM execution unit 212 of the control unit 21 adjusts the roof shape in accordance with the building standards and structural information of the building.

As shown in FIG. 7, a roof shape 530 corresponding to the roof exterior shape 520 is generated above the developed land 502 in accordance with the generated virtual terrain 510. Here, the roof shape 530 is generated by approximating the curved surface with a plane corresponding to the building structure while maintaining the height position of the roof exterior shape 520.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of identifying the contour lines of the surrounding land (step S101). This allows the surrounding environment of the developed land on which the building is to be constructed to be identified, and the topography of the land to be identified.

(2) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process for identifying the original shape of the developed land (step S102). This makes it possible to estimate the topography before development (cutting) according to the surrounding environment of the developed land.

(3) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of identifying the roof shape according to the original shape (step S103), and a process of adjusting the roof shape according to the building structure (step S104). This makes it possible to construct a building with an appearance that matches the surrounding topography of the developed land. For example, in the case of a building on a mountaintop, it is possible to realize an appearance that mimics the previous shape of the mountaintop, so that a building that blends in well with the surrounding environment and has a sense of unity can be constructed.

This embodiment can be modified as follows: This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that there is no technical contradiction.
In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes the process of identifying the contour lines of the surrounding land (step S101) to the process of identifying the roof shape according to the original shape (step S103). This process may be performed manually using CAD.

- In the above embodiment, it is assumed that a building is constructed on flat land (developed land) on the top of a mountain. The flat land that is developed is not limited to the top of a mountain. For example, it can also be applied to slopes. In addition, the developed land is not limited to flat land as long as the shape before cutting can be identified.

In the above embodiment, the design of the roof shape is supported as the exterior shape of the building. The exterior shape of the building is not limited to the roof shape. For example, the design of the exterior wall shape may be supported.
In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process for identifying the original shape of the developed land (step S102). Here, as long as an interpolated shape can be formed according to the surrounding topography, the process is not limited to the original shape.

- In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 estimates the original shape of the developed land before cutting by extending from the periphery of the developed land into the inside of the developed land. The estimation method is not limited to the case of using the interpolation method. For example, the original topography of the developed land may be predicted from the topography of the area to which the developed land belongs by machine learning. In this case, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 acquires topography information of the area to which the developed land belongs, which is wider than the surrounding area, from the topography information server 10. Then, a topography prediction model that predicts the topography of the central part of the area from the surrounding topography of the central part is created by machine learning using the topography information of the undeveloped natural area as teacher data in the topography information of the area. Then, the original topography of the developed land is predicted by inputting the surrounding topography of the developed land into the topography prediction model. This makes it possible to predict the original topography according to the undulating characteristics of the topography of each area.

10: terrain information server, 20: support device, 21: control unit, 211: operation system, 212: design support unit, 22: storage unit, 221: terrain information, 222: BIM information.

Claims (6)

A method for designing a building to be constructed on a cut land, comprising the steps of:
Acquire topographical information including different elevations in a surrounding area of the developed land;
Using the topographical information, a virtual shape of the developed land is predicted;
Using the virtual shape, identify an external shape of a roof of the building;
A building design method comprising adjusting the exterior shape in accordance with the building structure. The building design method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the mountaintop is predicted as the original shape before cutting to create the land as the virtual shape of the land. A building design support system having a control unit that supports the design of a building to be constructed on a cut land,
The control unit:
Acquire topographical information including different elevations in a surrounding area of the developed land;
Using the topographical information, a virtual shape of the developed land is predicted;
Using the virtual shape, identify an external shape of a roof of the building;
A building design support system characterized in that the external shape is adjusted in accordance with the building structure. The building design support system according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit predicts the virtual shape by interpolation using the elevations of the surrounding areas in the topographical information. The control unit:
Obtaining a terrain prediction model created by machine learning using training data of terrain information of the area to which the developed land belongs;
4. The building design support system according to claim 3, wherein the virtual shape is predicted by applying the terrain information to the terrain prediction model. A building constructed on cut land,
A building having a roof exterior shape corresponding to a virtual shape of the developed land predicted using topographical information including different elevations in the surrounding area of the developed land.

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