JP7491210B2 - Cutter machine and method for demolishing structures using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to technology for demolishing buildings.

When demolishing buildings and other structures, the work of cutting steel frames, reinforced concrete, and other structures is carried out. Small structures can be sheared using a hydraulic cutter. However, larger structures cannot be sheared using a hydraulic cutter, so gas cutters, laser cutters, plasma cutters, water jet cutters, etc. are used for cutting.

When a structure is large, such as a high-rise building, it may be necessary to cut the structure at a high position. In such cases, a cutting device is attached to the end of a long pillar of a large work machine or crane, and the cutting work is performed by remote control.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a steel cutting device that is suspended by a crane wire. The steel cutting device is equipped with a pair of steel clamps that open and close. These steel clamps clamp the upper flange of a steel frame with an H-shaped cross section (so-called H-beam). In this way, the steel cutting device is fixed to the steel frame and cuts it.

Patent Document 2 also discloses a cutting device that is attached to a work machine. The work machine is equipped with a crushing device (a so-called nibbler) at the tip of a long, bendable support pole. An arm equipped with a cutting device at its tip that performs gas cutting is attached to the tip of the support pole so that it branches out.

The cutting device has a pair of gripping parts that slide open and close on the top and bottom of the frame. The top and bottom surfaces of the steel frame are clamped between these gripping parts. In this state, the steel frame is cut by moving a torch that sprays flames up and down.

JP 2007-146571 A JP 2018-178450 A

When the cutting device is a gas cutting machine, a powerful, high-temperature flame is used to cut the steel frame, which generates a large amount of sparks and slag (slag produced during melting) that scatters into the surrounding area. For this reason, the devices in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require advance measures such as installing a fire curtain around the cutting area.

And when the cutting location is at a high place, the cutting work is performed by remotely operating the cutting device from a remote location near the ground. In contrast, with the steel cutting device of Patent Document 1, the steel cutting device must be moved while suspended by a wire and operated so that it clamps the upper flange of the steel frame at the cutting location. With the cutting device of Patent Document 2, the tilt of the support pillar or arm must be manipulated to clamp the top and bottom surfaces of the steel frame at the cutting location.

The steel cutting equipment, suspended by wires, swings around. Also, the cutting equipment attached to the end of a long pole or arm moves significantly with even the slightest movement of the pole or arm. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to attach these cutting devices to a suitable location for cutting. It is a task that requires skill, and not everyone can do it.

Furthermore, although not mentioned in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it is necessary to supply these cutting devices with electricity, pressure oil, fuel used for cutting, etc. during operation. Therefore, not only do these cutting devices need to be hung from a crane or attached to a pillar, but it is also necessary to connect a large number of cables, hoses, etc. between these cutting devices and devices such as power sources installed in separate locations.

Since there are many of these cables, connecting them is tedious. Also, measures must be taken to ensure that these cables do not get in the way of the work.

The technology we are disclosing addresses these issues. Its main objective is to provide a cutter machine and dismantling method that can easily perform appropriate dismantling work even when remotely operated.

The disclosed technology relates to a cutter machine for cutting out structures that make up a building.

The cutter machine includes a thermal cutting device that cuts the structure by moving a torch that emits a flame along the structure from one end to the other end, and a fixing device that is integral with the thermal cutting device and can be detachably attached to the structure.

The fixing device has an outer frame and an inner frame that extend parallel to each other. The thermal cutting device is installed on the inner frame with the cutting direction facing the extension direction of the inner frame, and a flame catcher that catches the flame is installed on the outer frame facing the thermal cutting device.

In other words, with this cutter machine, a flame arrestor is installed on the outer frame opposite the thermal cutting device installed on the inner frame, so simply by attaching the cutter machine to a structure, it is possible to prevent flames and slag from scattering.

The flame receiving device may have a box-shaped flame duct installed inside the outer frame and a flame receiving port that opens into the flame duct and receives the flame, and the flame receiving device may be provided with a water spray nozzle that forms a water film on the flame receiving port.

This will allow the temperature of high flames and slag to be significantly reduced, making demolition work safer and more efficient. It will also improve the durability of the cutter machine.

The cutter machine also preferably includes a suspendable connector connected to the fixing device via a wire, the fixing device further includes a movable frame configured to be extendable and retractable, and the outer frame and the inner frame extend from both ends of the movable frame, allowing the cutter machine to be suspended by a crane.

In other words, the fixing device is formed in a gate shape with an expandable movable frame section and outer and inner frame sections extending parallel from each of its ends, so it can be hung from a crane and placed across a structure such as a steel frame with the movable frame section extended, and the cutter machine can be attached to the structure with simple operations by contracting the movable frame section.

The cutter machine may also be provided with a handle on the outer surface of the outer frame that can be gripped by a work machine, and can be moved by the work machine gripping the handle.

This allows the cutter machine to be moved using a work machine suitable for complex work, without using a crane. Therefore, it can be used to demolish not only structures on which the cutter machine can be placed, but also columnar structures.

The cutter machine may also further include a line group including a hose that supplies fuel to the thermal cutting device, and the connector may be provided with a relay that relays the line group, and the line group may be composed of an upper line group that connects the thermal cutting device and the relay, and a lower line group that is suspended from the connector and connected to an external device including a fuel supply device.

This allows for excellent workability, as it eliminates the need for the cumbersome task of connecting numerous cables and hoses at the demolition site. The lines are connected via repeaters installed on connectors that are separate from the fixing device and thermal cutting device, so they are less likely to interfere with the demolition work. This results in excellent workability.

A method for dismantling a structure using such a cutter machine may include, for example, a hanging process in which the cutter machine is hung by a crane, a placing process in which the cutter machine is moved by the crane and the movable frame part is placed on top of the cutting portion of a beam-like structure constituting the structure, a clamping process in which the movable frame part is contracted to clamp the outer frame part and the inner frame part until they contact both sides of the beam-like structure, and a cutting process in which the thermal cutting device is operated.

The method may further include a supporting step of supporting a predetermined portion of the beam-like structure near the cutting point with a work machine, and may include a cutting step of performing the placing step, the clamping step, and the cutting step at a second cutting point located on the opposite side of the predetermined portion from the cutting point, and cutting the beam-like structure between the cutting point and the second cutting point with the work machine.

The method may further include a gripping step of gripping the handle of the cutter machine with the work machine, a pressing step of moving the cutter machine so that the outer frame part and the inner frame part are positioned on both sides of the cutting point of the columnar structure constituting the building, and pressing each of the movable frame part and the outer frame part against the columnar structure, a pulling step of shrinking the movable frame part to pull the inner frame part until it comes into contact with the side of the columnar structure, and a cutting step of operating the thermal cutting device.

The method may further include, before the gripping step, a hanging step of suspending the cutter machine by a crane and a placing step of moving the cutter machine by the crane and placing the movable frame part on the top of a beam-like structure that constitutes the building, and may further include, after the cutting step, a second placing step of moving the cutter machine by the work machine and placing the movable frame part on the top of the beam-like structure, and a cutting step of cutting out the columnar structure by the work machine.

This type of demolition method makes it easy to carry out proper demolition work even through remote control.

A cutter machine incorporating the disclosed technology can easily perform appropriate demolition work even when operated remotely.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a demolition site using a cutter machine. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the entire cutter machine. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a main part of a cutter machine. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the main parts of the cutter machine as viewed from the left side. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a cutter machine. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of the arrow in FIG. 5. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the process of cutting a steel beam. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of dismantling using a cutter machine.

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the disclosed technology with reference to the drawings. However, the following description is essentially merely illustrative and does not limit the present invention, its applications, or its uses. Note that the directions of up/down, front/back, and left/right used in the description are based on the directions shown in each figure.

Figure 1 shows an example of a site where a high-rise building 100 (an example of a structure) is being demolished. The high-rise building 100 is mainly composed of concrete walls 101 that form the exterior and separate each floor, and structures (steel structures) made of steel beams 102 embedded inside the concrete walls 101. Steel structures are generally made by combining multiple vertically extending steel columns 102a (an example of a columnar structure) and multiple horizontally extending steel beams 102b (an example of a beam-shaped structure) in a lattice pattern.

For example, hollow rectangular steel pipes or H-shaped steel with an H-shaped cross section are often used as the steel columns 102a. For example, H-shaped steel with an H-shaped cross section is often used as the steel beams 102b. A steel structure is constructed by assembling these steel columns 102a and steel beams 102b by welding them together.

During demolition, the concrete wall 101 is broken down and removed, and then the steel columns 102a and steel beams 102b are cut out little by little. In this way, the steel structure is demolished. Below, we will explain the steel columns 102a and steel beams 102b as examples of the structure to be cut out.

In the demolition method based on the disclosed technology, at least one crane 1 and at least one demolition machine 2 (an example of a work machine) are used in the demolition work of the steel structure. The crane 1 is used to move the cutter machine 10 to which the disclosed technology is applied. The demolition machine 2 is used to support the demolition process of the steel structure using the cutter machine 10.

<Dismantling machine 2>
The example dismantling machine 2 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 2a and an upper rotating body 2b rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body 2a. A long and bendable support column 2c is mounted on the front part of the upper rotating body 2b so as to be able to rise and fall. A crushing device 2d (a so-called nibbler) is detachably mounted on the tip part of the support column 2c.

The crushing device 2d is equipped with a pair of crushing claws 2e, 2e that open and close hydraulically. These crushing claws 2e, 2e can clamp and twist the steel frame 102. The crushing claws 2e are operated in a driver's cab provided on the upper rotating body 2b. Note that the demolition machine 2 is an example. The size and shape of the demolition machine 2 are selected depending on the object to be demolished. The crushing device 2d is also an example. Any device that can at least grip heavy objects can be used in place of the crushing device 2d.

<Crane 1>
The illustrated crane 1 includes a wheeled lower carrier 1a and an upper rotating body 1b rotatably mounted on the lower carrier 1a. The crane 1 is also an example. The size and shape of the crane 1 are also selected depending on the object to be dismantled.

The lower running body 1a is fixed in a predetermined position with outriggers when in use. Around the fixed crane 1, a main unit 3 is installed that supplies power to the cutter machine 10 and controls the operation of the cutter machine 10, and a sub-unit 4 (an example of a fuel supply unit) that supplies fuel gas, oxygen, and water for sprinkling to the cutter machine 10.

A telescopic boom 1c is attached to the front of the upper rotating body 1b so that it can be raised and lowered. In other words, the boom 1c is constructed of multiple hollow pillars with different cross-sectional sizes nested together, and these multiple hollow pillars can be extended and retracted. The boom 1c is shown in a retracted state, and the boom 1c is extended when in use.

A wire 1d, the length of which can be adjusted, is attached to the tip of the boom 1c. A hook 1e is attached to the lower end of the wire 1d via a sheep. A cutter machine 10, to which the disclosed technology is applied, is suspended from the hook 1e.

<Cutter machine 10>
Fig. 2 shows the cutter machine 10. The cutter machine 10 is a dedicated device designed for cutting out structures that constitute buildings.

The cutter machine 10 is composed of a connector 13, a fixing device 14, a thermal cutting device 15, etc. The cutter machine 10 is configured so that it can be suspended by a crane 1, and is designed so that any general operator who can operate the crane 1 can use it appropriately, even if he or she does not require special skill.

The thermal cutting device 15 is integral with the fixing device 14. The fixing device 14 is connected to a suspendable connector 13 via a support wire 11.

(Connector 13)
The connecting device 13 is composed of a coupler 21, a frame 22, a relay 23, etc. The upper part of the coupler 21 is supported at both ends by a pair of support pieces and is provided with a hook shaft 21a on which the hook 1e can be hooked. The lower part of the coupler 21 is connected to the frame 22 via a hydraulically driven swing motor 24.

The frame 22 is made of a rectangular frame member when viewed from above. A hydraulic pressure generating mechanism 25 consisting of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank, etc. is installed below the frame 22. The rotation motor 24 is driven by hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pressure generating mechanism 25. When the rotation motor 24 is driven, the frame 22 rotates around a rotation axis J that extends vertically relative to the coupler 21.

The upper ends of four support wires 11 of the same length are connected to each of the four corners of the frame 22. The lower ends of these support wires 11 are connected to each of the four corners of the fixing device 14. As a result, the pivot axis J passes through approximately the center of the upper surface of the fixing device 14, and as the rotation motor 24 is driven, the fixing device 14 suspended from the frame 22 pivots together with the frame 22 about the pivot axis J.

The repeater 23 is installed on the upper side of the frame 22. The repeater 23 is installed to relay a number of hoses that supply the fuel gas and oxygen consumed by the thermal cutting device 15, a number of cables that supply the power required to drive and control the thermal cutting device 15 and the fixing device 14, and the like (these are also referred to as a line group 12).

Specifically, the line group 12 is composed of an upstream line group 12a that connects the thermal cutter 15 and the repeater 23, and a lower line group 12 that is suspended from a connector 13 and connected to the main device 3 and the sub device 4. The upstream line group 12a is set to be slightly longer than the support wire 11. Each of the upstream line group 12a and the downstream line group 12b is bundled at a predetermined interval by a clamp member.

The downstream line group 12b is set to a length necessary and sufficient for connection to the main device 3 and the sub device 4. The downstream line group 12b is routed below the fixing device 14 through line guides 43 provided on both ends of the outer frame portion 40 (described later) so as not to interfere with the movement or dismantling of the fixing device 14. A hose that supplies water for watering is also connected to the fixing device 14, and this hose also merges with the downstream line group 12b midway.

A number of hoses are also connected between the relay 23 and the fixing device 14 to circulate and supply the hydraulic pressure required to drive the fixing device 14. These hoses are also provided between the relay 23 and the fixing device 14, similar to the upstream line group 12a. The fixing device 14 is driven by hydraulic pressure generated by a hydraulic pressure generating mechanism 25. Note that it is not essential that the fixing device 14 be driven by hydraulic pressure. The fixing device 14 may also be driven by electricity.

(Fixation device 14)
The fixing device 14 is detachably attached to the steel frame 102 in order to cut out the steel frame 102. The structure of the fixing device 14 is designed so that it can be attached to an appropriate location on the steel frame 102 by simple crane operation. Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 show the structure of the fixing device 14. The fixing device 14 has a movable frame portion 30, an outer frame portion 40, and an inner frame portion 50, and is formed in a gate (arch) shape in appearance.

The movable frame section 30 is configured to be expandable and retractable, with an outer frame section 40 and an inner frame section 50 extending in parallel from each of both ends of the movable frame section 30. A thermal cutting device 15 is installed in the inner frame section 50, and a flame arrester 16 is installed in the outer frame section 40 opposite the thermal cutting device 15. The outer frame section 40 and the inner frame section 50 each have a vertically long box shape and face each other with a gap between them.

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the outer frame 40 has a pair of inverted L-shaped outer support members 41, 41 on both sides. Each outer support member 41 is made of a rectangular cylindrical member and is composed of a vertical frame 41a and a horizontal frame 41b extending perpendicularly from the upper end of the vertical frame 41a. An outer cover plate 42 is attached to the outer end faces of the vertical frames 41a, 41a to cover the space between them.

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, a space (line guide 43) is provided inside the outer end face of each vertical frame 41a, penetrating in the direction in which the vertical frame 41a extends. As described above, the downstream line group 12b is routed through these line guides 43.

As a result, the downstream line group 12b does not swing away from the fixing device 14, preventing it from interfering with the movement or dismantling process of the fixing device 14. A handle 80 is provided on the outer surface of the outer cover plate 42, i.e., the outer surface of the outer frame portion 40 (the handle 80 will be described later).

A flame arrestor 16 is installed between a pair of vertical frames 41a, 41a on the inner side of the outer cover plate 42. A pair of slide guides 31, 31 extending in parallel are provided on the upper surfaces of both horizontal frames 41b, 41b, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. A plate-shaped slide plate 32 is slidably attached to these slide guides 31, 31.

As shown in FIG. 5, the slide plate 32 is attached to the inner frame 50, and they are constructed as one unit. As a result, the inner frame 50 slides along the pair of slide guides 31, 31 together with the slide plate 32. The movable frame 30 is composed of the pair of horizontal frames 41b, 41b, the pair of slide guides 31, 31, the slide plate 32, etc.

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the inner frame 50 has a pair of I-shaped inner support members 51, 51 on both sides. Each inner support member 51 is made of a member having a rectangular cylindrical shape. As shown in Figure 5, the upper end portion of each inner support member 51 is provided with a plate receiving portion 51a that protrudes toward the outer frame 40. The slide plate 32 is fixed to these plate receiving portions 51a, 51a.

A pair of hydraulic cylinders 33, 33 are installed between the slide plate 32 and the inner frame 50, and the outer frame 40. Each hydraulic cylinder 33 is disposed above each horizontal frame 41b, and the tip of the piston rod 33a of each hydraulic cylinder 33 is attached to the upper end of the outer frame 40. The cylinder tube 33b of each hydraulic cylinder 33 is attached to the slide plate 32.

Each hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the hydraulic generating mechanism 25 by multiple hoses. Pressurized oil is circulated and supplied from the hydraulic generating mechanism 25 to each hydraulic cylinder 33, causing each hydraulic cylinder 33 to expand and contract. This causes the slide plate 32 and the inner frame 50 to slide along both slide guides 31, 31, and the distance between the outer frame 40 and the inner frame 50 to change.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the movable frame section 30 is contracted with the steel frame 102 inserted between the outer frame section 40 and the inner frame section 50. By doing so, the steel frame 102 is sandwiched from three directions, namely, both side surfaces and one end face, and the fixing device 14 can be attached to the steel frame 102.

The inner end surface of each vertical frame 41a forms a support surface that contacts one side surface of the steel frame 102, and the inner end surface of each inner support member 51 forms a support surface that contacts the other side surface of the steel frame 102. And the inner end surface of each horizontal frame 41b forms a support surface that contacts the end surface of the steel frame 102.

In the case of a steel beam 102b, the fixing device 14 of the crane 1 is placed so as to straddle the beam 102b, and the movable frame unit 30 is contracted, so that the cutter machine 10 can be easily attached to the steel beam 102b. The cutter machine 10 can be handled appropriately even if one does not have experience in crane operation.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the thermal cutting device 15 is installed on the inner frame 50 so that the torch 61 protrudes between the pair of inner support members 51, 51. The thermal cutting device 15 is a known device that cuts with a strong flame. In this cutter machine 10, the thermal cutting device 15 is provided integrally with the inner frame 50. The thermal cutting device 15 is composed of a torch 61, a slider 62, etc.

As shown in Figures 3 and 5, an inner cover plate 52 is attached to the outer end faces of a pair of inner support members 51, 51 so as to cover the space between them. A long hole 52a is formed in the center of the inner cover plate 52, extending parallel to the inner support member 51 from its upper end to its lower end, so that the torch 61 can protrude through it.

A slider 62 including a guide rail and a ball screw extending along the long hole 52a is installed on the outer surface of the inner cover plate 52. A guide block 62c is attached to the guide rail and ball screw. A slide motor 62d that rotates the ball screw is installed on the upper part of the inner frame 50. Driven by the slide motor 62d, the guide block 62c slides along the guide rail at a controlled speed.

The torch 61 is attached to the guide block 62c with its tip protruding between the pair of inner support members 51, 51 through the long hole 52a. As shown in Figure 6, the distance L between the tip of the torch 61 that ejects the flame and the inner end faces of both inner support members 51 is set to an optimal length for cutting.

The base end of the torch 61 is connected to a hose that supplies fuel gas and oxygen, and the torch 61 is configured so that the fuel gas and oxygen are sprayed at high speed from the tip of the torch 61. Although not shown, the torch 61 is also equipped with an automatic ignition device. By igniting the fuel gas and oxygen sprayed from the tip of the torch 61, the torch 61 sprays a powerful flame.

When the torch 61 that ejected the flame moves from one end of the long hole 52a to the other, the flame crosses between the inner frame 50 and the outer frame 40, moving between their lower and upper ends. As a result, the steel frame 102 arranged between the inner frame 50 and the outer frame 40 is cut by the flame in the direction in which the inner frame 50 and the outer frame 40 extend.

The flame penetrates the steel frame 102 and spreads to the rear. The slag (slag) that is generated in large quantities when cutting the steel frame 102 also spreads along with the flame. Because the flame and slag are very hot, they need to be prevented from scattering to the surrounding area. Therefore, in this cutter machine 10, a flame catcher 16 that catches the flame is installed on the outer frame 40.

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the flame catcher 16 has a box-shaped flame duct 71 with one side open, and this flame duct 71 is installed between a pair of vertical frames 41a. Specifically, the flame duct 71 is formed with a U-shaped cross section by a pair of opposing walls 71a, 71a extending inwardly of the pair of vertical frames 41a, 41a, and a side wall 71b extending inwardly of the outer cover plate 42 so as to be connected to the outer edges of these opposing walls 71a, 71a. Each end of the flame duct 71 is covered by an end wall 71c, as shown in Figures 3 and 5.

The flame catcher 16 of this embodiment has a flame dispersion wall 72 and a pair of flame return walls 73, 73 inside, as shown in Figures 5 and 6. The flame dispersion wall 72 and the pair of flame return walls 73, 73 are not essential to the flame catcher itself. However, by having the flame dispersion wall 72 and the pair of flame return walls 73, 73, this flame catcher 16 can catch the flame more effectively.

Each flame return wall 73 is attached to the inner edge of each opposing wall 71a of the flame duct 71, sloping downward toward the side wall 71b. A long and narrow flame receiving opening 74 is formed between the ends of these flame return walls 73, 73, and extends opposite the long hole 52a. The width of the flame receiving opening 74 is set to a size large enough to receive the flame that penetrates the steel frame 102 and spreads.

The flame dispersion wall 72 is installed at the center of the width of the side wall 71b so as to extend along the flame receiving opening 74. The flame dispersion wall 72 is formed in a triangular cross section, and is positioned so that its apex approximately coincides with the center of the width of the flame receiving opening 74.

As shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6, the inner edge of each opposing wall 71a of the flame duct 71 is also provided with a water spray nozzle 75 that forms a water film at the flame receiving port 74. Specifically, a pair of pipes 76, 76 are installed along the inner edge of each opposing wall 71a of the flame duct 71. A water supply hose branching off from the line group 12 is connected to these pipes 76, 76.

These pipes 76, 76 are also fitted with a number of spaced apart water spray nozzles 75 that spray water in a fan shape. The water sprayed from the water spray nozzle 75 of one pipe 76 and the water sprayed from the water spray nozzle 75 of the other pipe 76 collide just before the flame receiving opening 74, forming a water film at the flame receiving opening 74.

These water spray nozzles 75, like the flame dispersion wall 72 and the pair of flame return walls 73, 73, are not essential to the flame catcher itself. However, by attaching the water spray nozzles 75 to this flame catcher 16, the flame can be caught more effectively.

Figure 7 illustrates the process of cutting the steel frame 102. The left figure is a cross-sectional view seen from above, and the right figure is a vertical cross-sectional view seen from the left. Both are simplified views. First, water is supplied to each pipe 76, and water is sprayed from each watering nozzle 75. This forms a water film W at the flame receiving port 74. The remaining water after the water film W is formed flows down from the lower end of the flame receiving device 16.

In this state, fuel gas and oxygen are supplied to the torch 61, which then ignites, causing the torch 61 to spray a flame. The torch 61, which sprays the flame, slides to cut the steel frame 102. At this time, the flame that penetrates the steel frame 102 and the slag that is blown away with the flame are set to head toward the flame receiving opening 74, as shown by arrow F. Because a water film W is formed in front of the flame receiving opening 74, the temperature of the flame and slag drops rapidly as they pass through the water film W.

The cooled flame and slag collide with the flame dispersion wall 72 and are dispersed on both sides. The dispersed flame and slag collide with each flame return wall 73 and are bounced off. As a result, their momentum is weakened and the flame is prevented from spreading. The cooled slag flows down from the lower end of the flame catcher 16 together with the remaining water after the water spraying.

Therefore, with this cutter machine 10, there is no need for prior measures such as installing a fire curtain. The cutter machine 10 is highly convenient.

(Handle 80)
A handle 80 that can be gripped by the dismantling machine 2 is provided on the outer surface of the outer frame portion 40. Specifically, the handle 80 is provided so that the cutter machine 10 can be moved while being gripped by the crushing device 2d of the dismantling machine 2.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the handle 80 is composed of a support base 81, a pair of support plates 82, 82, and a pair of gripping shafts 83, 83. The support base 81 and each support plate 82 are rectangular metal plate members. The pair of support plates 82, 82 are firmly fixed to the support base 81 in an opposing state. A pair of gripping shafts 83, 83 are installed in parallel between these support plates 82, 82. The strength of these gripping shafts 83, 83 is increased by sandwiching a reinforcing block 84 between the two gripping shafts 83, 83.

As a result, the tip of the crushing claw 2e is inserted between a pair of gripping shafts 83, 83 and a pair of support plates 82, 82, so that the handle 80 can be grasped by the crushing device 2d. The handle 80 having this structure is fixed to the outer surface of the outer frame 40 via a reinforcing plate 85 made of a thick metal plate.

<Specific example of dismantling method using a cutter machine>
(Example 1 of dismantling steel beams)
First, a basic dismantling method of cutting the steel beams 102b using the cutter machine 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

The dismantling method includes the steps of suspending the cutter machine 10 by the crane 1 (hanging step), moving the cutter machine 10 by the crane 1 and placing the movable frame part 30 on top of the cutting part of the steel beam 102b (placing step), contracting the movable frame part 30 to clamp the outer frame part 40 and the inner frame part 50 until they contact both sides of the steel beam 102b (clamping step), and operating the thermal cutting device 15 (cutting step).

As shown in FIG. 1, at the demolition site, after the crane 1 is fixed in a predetermined position, the downstream line group 12b connected to the cutter machine 10 is connected to the main unit 3 and the sub unit 4. The cutter machine 10 is then suspended by the crane 1 by hooking the connector 13 onto the hook 1e of the crane 1. The cutter machine 10 is then lifted and moved above the cutting location of the steel beam 102b. This can be done with normal crane operation, as it is only necessary to lift and move the cutter machine 10 above the cutting location of the steel beam 102b.

Then, by controlling the swivel motor 24 to rotate the cutter machine 10 positioned above the cutting location of the steel beam 102b, the orientation of the cutter machine 10 is adjusted so that the movable frame portion 30 and the steel beam 102b are perpendicular to each other and the space between the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 faces the steel beam 102b, as shown in FIG. 8(a).

After adjusting the orientation of the cutter machine 10, operate the crane 1 to lower the cutter machine 10 and place the movable frame unit 30 on the steel beam 102b, as shown in FIG. 8(b). As shown in FIG. 8(c), lower it until the support wire 11 is in a slack state. Then, the cutter machine 10 is supported by the steel beam 102b. This can be done with normal crane operation, as it only requires lowering the crane 1.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8(c), the hydraulic cylinder 33 is controlled to contract the movable frame portion 30, thereby clamping the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 until they come into contact with both sides of the steel beam 102b. Because the load of the cutter machine 10 is supported by the steel beam 102b, the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 can easily clamp both sides of the steel beam 102b without applying a strong force, and the cutter machine 10 can be tightly attached to both sides of the steel beam 102b. The cutter machine 10 can be stably and appropriately attached to the steel beam 102b.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the thermal cutting device 15 is operated to cut the steel beam 102b. At this time, since the inner frame portion 50 is in close contact with the side of the steel beam 102b, the torch 61 is positioned in an optimal position for cutting. Therefore, the steel beam 102b can be cut effectively.

When cutting is complete, as shown in FIG. 8(d), the hydraulic cylinder 33 is controlled to extend the movable frame portion 30, thereby moving the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 away from both sides of the steel beam 102b. Then, the crane 1 is operated to hoist the cutter machine 10, as shown in FIG. 8(e). This can be done with normal crane operations, as it only requires hoisting the crane 1.

(Example 2 of dismantling steel beams)
Next, a dismantling method for partially cutting out the steel beam 102b using the cutter machine 10 will be described with reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11.

In addition to the dismantling method of Dismantling Example 1 described above, this dismantling method includes a step (supporting step) of supporting a specified portion of the steel beam 102b near the cutting point with the dismantling machine 2. Then, the above-mentioned placing step, clamping step, and cutting step are performed at a cutting point (second cutting point) located on the opposite side of the cutting point from the specified portion, and the dismantling machine 2 includes a step (cutting step) of cutting out the steel beam 102b between the cutting point and the second cutting point.

Figure 9 (a) shows the state after the end of the steel beam 102b has been cut or nearly cut using the dismantling method of dismantling example 1 described above. In this dismantling example, a process is further performed to partially cut off the steel beam 102b.

In this dismantling example 2, it is preferable to leave only a portion of the steel beam 102b uncut, rather than cutting it off (approximate cutting). If the steel beam 102b is cut off, there is a risk that the steel beam 102b may shift and make work difficult, but if it is approximately cut, this kind of problem can be prevented (for convenience, the term "cut" will be used to include approximately cut).

As shown in FIG. 1, the prepared demolition machine 2 is operated at the demolition site. Then, as shown in FIG. 9(b), the crushing device 2d clamps and supports the steel beam 102b near the cutting location.

In this state, the crane 1 is operated, and as shown in FIG. 10(c), the cutter machine 10 is attached to the location (second cutting location) on the opposite side of the cutting location from the part supported by the crushing device 2d, and the steel beam 102b is cut in the same manner as in the above-mentioned dismantling example 1.

Then, when cutting of the steel beam 102b is completed, as shown in FIG. 10(d), the crane 1 is operated to hoist the cutter machine 10 and move it to a position away from the steel beam 102b. After that, as shown in FIG. 11(e) and (f), the demolition machine 2 is operated to twist the steel beam 102b and separate the remaining part of the beam 102b. This makes it possible to partially cut off the steel beam 102b between the cut part and the second cut part.

(Example 3 of dismantling a steel column)
Next, a dismantling method for cutting out the steel column 102a, i.e., the steel frame 102 extending in the vertical direction, using the cutter machine 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

The dismantling method includes a process of gripping the handle 80 of the cutter machine 10 with the demolition machine 2 (gripping process), a process of moving the cutter machine 10 so that the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 are positioned on either side of the cutting point of the steel column 102a, and pressing the movable frame portion 30 and the outer frame portion 40 against the steel column 102a (pressing process), a process of shrinking the movable frame portion 30 to pull the inner frame portion 50 until it comes into contact with the side of the steel column 102a (pulling process), and a process of operating the thermal cutting device 15 (cutting process).

Furthermore, it includes a process (hanging process) of suspending the cutter machine 10 by the crane 1 before the above-mentioned gripping process, and a process (placing process) of moving the cutter machine 10 by the crane 1 and placing the movable frame part 30 on the top of the steel beam 102b. It also includes a process (second placing process) of moving the cutter machine 10 by the demolition machine 2 after the above-mentioned cutting process, and a process (cutting process) of cutting out the steel column 102a by the demolition machine 2.

If the steel beam 102b extends horizontally (or diagonally), the cutter machine 10 can be placed on it and stably attached to the steel beam 102b. However, the cutter machine 10 cannot be placed on a steel column 102a that extends vertically. Therefore, the cutter machine 10 cannot be attached to the steel column 102a as is. Therefore, this cutter machine 10 is designed to be able to use the demolition machine 2 to demolish the steel column 102a.

As with the dismantling method of dismantling example 1 described above, the cutter machine 10 is suspended by the crane 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 12(a), the cutter machine 10 is lifted and moved above the steel beam 102b located near the steel column 102a to be cut. The cutter machine 10 is then rotated to adjust the orientation of the cutter machine 10 so that the movable frame portion 30 and the steel beam 102b are perpendicular to each other and the space between the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 faces the steel beam 102b.

At this time, the outer frame portion 40 is positioned on the outside of the steel beam 102b, and the inner frame portion 50 is positioned on the inside of the steel beam 102b.

Then, after adjusting the orientation of the cutter machine 10, the crane 1 is operated to lower the cutter machine 10 until the support wire 11 is slackened, and the movable frame unit 30 is placed on the steel beam 102b, as shown in FIG. 12(b).

In this state, the dismantling machine 2 is operated, and the handle 80 is grasped by the crushing device 2d, as shown in FIG. 13(c). At this time, the handle 80 is positioned in front, so it can be grasped easily. The cutter machine 10 is supported so as to straddle the steel beam 102b, so there is no risk of the cutter machine 10 falling even if the grasping operation is incorrect. Therefore, it can be operated with confidence.

Then, as shown in (d) of FIG. 13, the demolition machine 2 is operated to rotate the cutter machine 10 so that it is horizontal, and the cutter machine 10 is moved so that the outer frame portion 40 and the inner frame portion 50 are positioned on either side of the lower portion (cutting point) of the steel column 102a. Then, as shown in (e) of FIG. 14, the movable frame portion 30 and the outer frame portion 40 are each pressed against the steel column 102a.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 14(f), the movable frame portion 30 is contracted, so that the inner frame portion 50 is pulled in until it contacts the side of the steel column 102a. As a result, the cutter machine 10 can be properly attached to the steel column 102a. The thermal cutting device 15 is then operated to cut the steel column 102a. At this time, since the inner frame portion 50 is in close contact with the side of the steel column 102a, the torch 61 is positioned in an optimal position for cutting. Therefore, the steel column 102a can be effectively cut.

In addition, because the steel column 102a in the illustration is a square steel pipe, there will be an uncut portion on the front (outer) side of the steel column 102a. If it is an H-shaped steel, it is sufficient to leave an uncut portion. This will prevent the steel column 102a from falling off after cutting, and will prevent dismantling work from becoming difficult.

When cutting is complete, the movable frame portion 30 is extended to move the inner frame portion 50 away from the side of the steel column 102a. Then, as shown in FIG. 15(g), the demolition machine 2 is operated to move the cutter machine 10 away from the steel column 102a. Then, as shown in FIG. 15(h), the demolition machine 2 is operated to rotate the cutter machine 10 so that it faces downward, and the movable frame portion 30 is placed again on top of the steel beam 102b.

This allows the cutter machine 10 to be stably supported on the steel beam 102b with simple and minor operations. As a result, the demolition machine 2 can perform its work freely. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16(i), the demolition machine 2 is operated to move the crushing device 2d away from the handle 80, and as shown in FIG. 16(j), the crushing device 2d is used to grab the upper part of the steel column 102a.

Then, as shown in FIG. 17(k), the demolition machine 2 is operated to twist the steel column 102a and separate the remaining part. Because the remaining part is in front, it can be easily operated by simply pulling or pushing it in. As a result, the steel column 102a can be cut off as shown in FIG. 17(l).

As such, the cutter machine 10 is easy to operate, making it easy to perform appropriate dismantling work even when operated remotely.

The cutter machine and the like according to the disclosed technology are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but also include various other configurations. For example, in the embodiment, a steel frame is used as an example of a structure, but reinforced concrete or a concrete wall may also be used. In other words, anything that can be cut by a thermal cutting device may be used.

1 Crane 1e Hook 2 Demolition machine (an example of a work machine)
2d Crushing device 3 Main device 4 Sub device (an example of a fuel supply device)
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Cutter machine 11 Support wire 12 Line group 12a Upstream line group 12b Downstream line group 13 Connector 14 Fixing device 15 Thermal cutting device 16 Flame arrestor 30 Movable frame portion 40 Outer frame portion 50 Inner frame portion 61 Torch 71 Flame duct 75 Sprinkler nozzle 80 Handle 100 High-rise building (an example of a structure)
102 Steel frame 102a Steel column (an example of a columnar structure)
102b Steel beam (an example of a beam-like structure)

Claims (9)

A cutter machine for cutting out structures constituting a building,
a thermal cutting device that cuts the structure by moving a torch that emits a flame along the structure from one end side to the other end side;
a fixing device that is integral with the thermal cutting device and that is removably attached to the structure;
Equipped with
The fixation device has an outer frame portion and an inner frame portion extending parallel to each other,
A cutter machine in which the thermal cutting device is installed on the inner frame with the cutting direction facing the direction in which the inner frame extends, and a flame arrestor that receives the flame is installed on the outer frame facing the thermal cutting device. 2. The cutter machine according to claim 1,
The flame arrestor is
A box-shaped flame duct installed inside the outer frame;
A flame receiving port that opens into the flame duct and receives the flame;
having
A cutter machine in which the flame receiving device is provided with a water spray nozzle that forms a water film at the flame receiving port. The cutter machine according to claim 1 or 2,
Further comprising a suspendable connector connected to the fixing device via a wire,
The fixing device further includes a movable frame configured to be extendable and retractable,
the outer frame portion and the inner frame portion extend from both ends of the movable frame portion,
A cutter machine that can be suspended by a crane. 4. The cutter machine according to claim 3,
A handle that can be gripped by a work machine is provided on an outer surface of the outer frame,
A cutter machine that can be moved by the work machine gripping the handle. 5. The cutter machine according to claim 4,
a group of lines including a hose supplying fuel to the thermal cutting device;
The connector is provided with a relay that relays the line group,
The cutter machine, wherein the line group is composed of an upper line group connecting the thermal cutting device and the relay, and a lower line group suspended from the connector and connected to external devices including a fuel supply device. A method for demolishing a structure, comprising the steps of:
a hanging step of hanging the cutter machine according to claim 3 by a crane;
a placing process of moving the cutter machine by the crane and placing the movable frame unit on an upper portion of a cutting portion of a beam-like structure constituting the building;
a clamping step of compressing the movable frame portion to clamp the outer frame portion and the inner frame portion until they contact both side portions of the beam-like structure;
a cutting step of operating the thermal cutting device;
(c) a method of dismantling the device; The method for dismantling a structure according to claim 6,
The method further includes a supporting step of supporting a predetermined portion of the beam-like structure near a cutting portion with a work machine,
A dismantling method comprising: carrying out the placing step, the clamping step, and the cutting step at a second cutting point located on the opposite side of the cutting point with respect to the specified portion; and cutting out the beam-like structure between the cutting point and the second cutting point with the work machine. A method for demolishing a structure, comprising the steps of:
a gripping step of gripping a handle of the cutter machine described in claim 4 with the work machine; and a pressing step of moving the cutter machine so that the outer frame part and the inner frame part are positioned on both sides of a cutting point of a columnar structure constituting the building, and pressing each of the movable frame part and the outer frame part against the columnar structure.
a drawing process of drawing the inner frame portion to a side portion of the columnar structure by contracting the movable frame portion;
a cutting step of operating the thermal cutting device;
(c) a method of dismantling the device; The method for dismantling a structure according to claim 8,
The dismantling method further includes, before the gripping step, a hanging step of suspending the cutter machine with a crane, and a placing step of moving the cutter machine with the crane and placing the movable frame unit on top of a beam-like structure that constitutes the building, and further includes, after the cutting step, a second placing step of moving the cutter machine with the work machine and placing the movable frame unit on top of the beam-like structure, and a cutting step of cutting out the columnar structure with the work machine.

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