JP7481367B2 - System and method for dyeing hair - Google Patents

Description

This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/848,471, filed May 15, 2019 (titled "Electronic System for Providing Hair Dyeing"), U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/848,504, filed May 15, 2019 (titled "System and Method for Providing Hair Dyeing"), U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/848,438, filed May 15, 2019 (titled "System and Method for Displaying Hair Color"), and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/848,498, filed May 15, 2019 (titled "System and Method for Applying Hair Color"). The disclosures of each of these applications are incorporated herein in their entirety for all purposes.

Hair dye compositions are used to dye a person's hair. Color services are a profitable area in the salon industry and can represent a significant portion of the cost structure of operating a salon. The ingredients used to make hair dye compositions are generally dispensed separately in containers such as tubes or bottles, allowing stylists to create custom blends for each client. Additionally, the ingredients of hair dye compositions are provided separately to extend their useful life and to avoid harmful chemical reactions that can occur when combined together.

Hair dyeing is a complex process. When dyeing a client's hair, a stylist can determine the starting color of the client's hair and then determine which coloring chemicals to apply to the client's hair to reach the goal color of the hair. Based on how well the stylist identified the client's starting hair color, the application of coloring chemicals may result in the desired goal hair color or may result in dramatically different results. For example, differences in how different stylists identify a client's starting hair color may affect whether the result of the coloring chemicals is the desired goal hair color or a different hair color.

Additionally, some stylists lack the knowledge and skill required to select and mix ingredients to obtain the proper color mix ratios in a custom hair dye composition for the desired hair target color. These errors, mixing inaccuracies, inconsistencies, and "redos" contribute to more waste.

The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.

One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be embodied in a system for dyeing hair. The system includes a scanning device that measures a customer's hair color, and a hair dye dispensing system. The hair dye dispensing system has a first input that reads the measured color from the scanning device, a processor configured to compare the measured color to a desired hair target color and develop a dyeing protocol for modifying the customer's hair color to the desired target color, and a dispenser that dispenses one or more formulations according to the protocol.

In some aspects, the scanning device comprises one or more of a colorimeter, a spectrum analyzer, a camera, a video camera, a digital imaging device, an image scanner, a frequency information capture device, and an optical scanner. In some aspects, the scanning device is configured to scan the customer's hair and measure one or more of hair type, hair density, hair permeability (porosity), hair moisture level, and percentage gray.

In some aspects, the system further comprises a memory circuit configured to store a library of lightness values including measurements of each hair color produced by one or more formulations dispensed by the dispenser. In some aspects, the library includes a look-up table including a maximum lightness value and a minimum lightness value for each hair color produced by the one or more formulations dispensed by the dispenser. In some aspects, measuring the customer's hair color includes measuring the lightness of the customer's hair, and reading the measured color from the scanning device includes reading the measured lightness. In some aspects, comparing the measured color to the desired hair target color includes comparing the measured lightness to minimum and maximum lightness values in the look-up table to identify the measured color.

In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system further comprises a second input receiving a desired target hair color from one or more of a user interface and a scanning device. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system further comprises a second input receiving one or more measurements of a customer's final hair color, and the processor is further configured to identify a difference between the customer's final hair color and the desired hair target color. In some aspects, the processor is further configured to update the one or more formulations based at least in part on the identified difference and correlate the updated one or more formulations within the customer's profile.

In some aspects, the system further comprises a database including the color measurements and one or more characteristics of a plurality of customer hairs. The scanning device is further configured to measure one or more characteristics of the customer hair, the first input is configured to read the one or more characteristics from the scanning device, and the measured color and one or more characteristics from the scanning device and the one or more characteristics of the plurality of customer hairs, and the processor is configured to develop the dyeing protocol based on a comparison of the measured one or more characteristics from the scanning device and the one or more characteristics of the plurality of customer hairs. In some aspects, the one or more characteristics include one or more of hair health, hair color, hair type, hair density, hair thickness, hair permeability, hair moisture level, hair damage, previous formulations applied to hair, and hair gray percentage. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system further comprises a second input for receiving one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color, and the processor is further configured to store the one or more received measurements of the customer's final hair color in the database. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system further comprises a second input for receiving one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color, and the processor is further configured to update the database based on the one or more received measurements of the customer's final hair color. In some aspects, the processor is further configured to develop a future dyeing protocol based at least in part on the updates to the database. In some aspects, developing the future dyeing protocol includes improving the future dyeing protocol compared to the dyeing protocol to compensate for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair. In some aspects, compensating for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair includes applying a model to determine how to develop the future dyeing protocol to compensate for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair, taking into account the desired hair target color. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system further comprises a network interface configured to enable communication with one or more of the database or another hair dye dispensing system. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system is located in a first salon and another hair dye dispensing system is located in a second salon different from the first salon and remote from the first salon, and the hair dye dispensing system accesses a customer profile of a customer different from the customer of the customer profile accessed by the other hair dye dispensing system. In some aspects, the processor is further configured to generate a customer profile of the customer and store the customer profile in the database, the customer profile including the measured color, the one or more characteristics from the scanning device, the desired hair target color, one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color, and an identifier for the customer.

In another aspect, another system for dyeing hair is disclosed. The other system includes a scanning device for measuring a customer's hair color, a database of spectral measurements associated with hair colors provided by one or more brands or lines of hair dye, and a hair dye dispensing system. The hair dye dispensing system includes an input for a known formulation from a device user interface, the known formulation including a plurality of color terms, a processor configured to identify, in the database of spectral measurements, one or more spectral values associated with one or more of the color terms of the known formulation, and a display for displaying a hair color associated with the known formulation based on the identified spectral measurements, the display displaying the hair color by applying the known formulation to the customer's hair color measured by the scanning device.

In some aspects, the scanning device comprises one or more of a colorimeter, a spectrum analyzer, a camera, a video camera, a digital imaging device, an image scanner, a frequency information capture device, and an optical scanner. In some aspects, the scanning device is configured to scan the customer's hair and measure one or more of hair type, hair density, hair permeability, hair moisture level, and gray percentage. In some aspects, the database of spectral measurements includes a lookup table of colors and color characteristics, and the input for the known formulation includes one of a color formulation or a color name, and the processor is further configured to generate the hair color for display based on the concentration identified from applying the input to the lookup table. In some aspects, the database of spectral measurements includes a lookup table of colors and color characteristics, and the input for the known formulation includes one of a color formulation or a color name, and the processor is further configured to generate the hair color for display based on the concentration identified from applying the input to the lookup table.

In another aspect, a system for dyeing hair is disclosed. The system includes a scanning device for measuring a customer's hair color, a database of spectral measurements associated with hair color provided by one or more brands or lines of hair dye, and a hair dye dispensing system. In some aspects, the hair dye dispensing system has an input for reading the measured color from the scanning device, a processor configured to compare the measured color to the database of spectral measurements and identify a dyeing protocol for changing the customer's hair color to the measured color, and a dispenser for dispensing one or more formulations according to the identified protocol.

In some embodiments, one or more aspects of any of the above-described systems may be integrated with any other system or aspect or incorporated into a corresponding method.

FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a dye dispensing system environment incorporating a dye dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments. FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of exemplary components of a computing system participating in the dye dispensing system of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the interior of the dye dispensing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 according to some embodiments. FIG. 4 shows a simplified schematic diagram of components used in a method for preparing a dye formulation, according to some embodiments. FIG. 5 is a front view of the dye dispensing apparatus of FIG. 1, according to some embodiments. FIG. 6 is a network diagram of the multiple dye distribution system environment of FIG. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 7 is a screenshot of a customer record keeping system showing an exemplary customer list view of an application that automates hair dye services. FIG. 8 is a screenshot of a new customer information entry screen, accessed, for example, via the screen shown in FIG. 9-11 show screenshots of screens for creating and/or updating a customer's hair profile and consultation information. 9-11 show screenshots of screens for creating and/or updating a customer's hair profile and consultation information. 9-11 show screenshots of screens for creating and/or updating a customer's hair profile and consultation information. 12-16 show screenshots of screens for creating or preparing a color application for a customer. 12-16 show screenshots of screens for creating or preparing a color application for a customer. 12-16 show screenshots of screens for creating or preparing a color application for a customer. 12-16 show screenshots of screens for creating or preparing a color application for a customer. 12-16 show screenshots of screens for creating or preparing a color application for a customer. 17-19 show screenshots for tracking the distribution of color applications for customers. 17-19 show screenshots for tracking the distribution of color applications for customers. 17-19 show screenshots for tracking the distribution of color applications for customers. 20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to a customer's hair and associated applications and/or rinse timers. 20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to a customer's hair and associated applications and/or rinse timers. 20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to a customer's hair and associated applications and/or rinse timers. 20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to a customer's hair and associated applications and/or rinse timers. 20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to a customer's hair and associated applications and/or rinse timers. FIG. 25 shows a screenshot of a customer history screen, including applications to the customer's hair. 26-28 show screen shots for creating a new color for application to a customer's hair. 26-28 show screen shots for creating a new color for application to a customer's hair. 26-28 show screen shots for creating a new color for application to a customer's hair. FIG. 29 shows a screen which allows the selection of a color application for a customer. 30-32 show screens of available color conversion tools. 30-32 show screens of available color conversion tools. 30-32 show screens of available color conversion tools.

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the disclosed invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, of the present technology. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present technology without departing from the scope of the technology. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used with another embodiment to yield yet a further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present subject matter include all such modifications and variations within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems and processes for using electronic devices to measure the current color of a customer's hair and then using that information to accurately provide a hair dye composition that will change the customer's current hair color to a desired color. As is known, a customer desiring a new hair color may have a specific hair goal color in mind when entering a salon. However, it can sometimes be a challenge for a stylist to know how to change the customer's current hair color to the desired color. The systems and methods described herein may use a device that measures the customer's current hair color and then execute instructions to determine the appropriate composition to place on the customer's hair to arrive at the desired hair goal color.

In one embodiment, the device for measuring the customer's current hair color may be a handheld colorimeter device that performs a spectral analysis on the hair to return a measurement of the levels of primary colors reflected by the hair. However, other devices for measuring the customer's hair color are also contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, the stylist may take a high resolution photograph of the customer's hair and perform an analysis of the colors in the digital image. In another embodiment, the stylist may take multiple photos or videos and feed that data into the system for analysis of the customer's current hair color. Once the customer's current hair color starting levels are measured and the stylist consults with the customer on what the desired target color is, the stylist may input the desired color into the system. In one embodiment, the target color of the hair may be input into the system by inputting the desired color, hue, or other color information. In another embodiment, the desired target color may be captured by inputting a Pantone number into the system. In another embodiment, the target color may be captured from an existing photograph or image of the hair color printed in a magazine or other source. For example, a stylist can take a digital photo of the hair color a customer sees in a fashion magazine, and the system can use that captured color as a target color so that the customer can get the same color they saw in the magazine.

Using the captured start and target color information, the system can process that information along with other information from the customer to determine the appropriate process for changing the customer's hair color. In one embodiment, the stylist will also collect auxiliary information regarding the current condition of the customer's hair. For example, the stylist may collect measurements of dryness, thickness, overall hair health, and other measurements that can be used by the system to determine the correct protocol for reaching the target color of the hair. In some embodiments, the system will suggest a protocol that includes a series of color applications that include different compositions and treatments for the roots compared to the tips of the hair. In some embodiments, the system may suggest pre-lightening the hair with bleach as an initial step. The system will guide the stylist through the process with the suggested formulas and treatments so that the end result is the desired target color of the hair.

Once the stylist applies the formula and treatment suggested by the system, the stylist can take a set of "after" measurements using a handheld sensor (or using any of the methods described herein) to determine how close the customer's new hair color is to the desired target color. The system records this result and can use the data collected from the dye session to update its process and coloring calculations and provide colors and instructions to improve accuracy in the future. Because each customer's hair is different, the end results can vary greatly depending on the hair's health, thickness, permeability, range of gray, damage, previous treatments, etc. In some embodiments, all of these data items are also collected by the stylist during the session, so that the system can make appropriate decisions of process and color to continually improve the formulation and customized treatment for each individual customer.

The dye dispensing devices, systems, and methods described herein dispense dyes for hair dyeing with the ability to generate a relatively large number (e.g., about 16,000,000) of unique color formulations and an optional series of processes with computer-controlled precision dispensing. The unique color formulations may be created by skilled chemists, manufactured in large batches remotely, such as in a factory, and then packaged in recyclable, refillable, and reusable canisters. The dye dispensing devices, systems, and methods can dispense dyes from the canisters such as "base tones" or "base levels," which may comprise the majority of the dispensed color formulation, "pure tones" or "tone values," which are high concentration dyes of a particular color, and "developers," which may be peroxides and bleaches of different strengths. When these components are combined, unique color formulations are produced. The dyes in the canisters can consist of permanent dyes, semi-permanent dyes, non-permanent dyes, bleaches/lighteners, color refreshers, temporary, toners, or developers. In another embodiment, the developer is not provided in a canister or dispensed by a dye dispenser, but rather in a conventional container. The canister is configured with an internal valve that allows substantially all of the dye in the canister to be dispensed without contamination. The system also includes inventory control and communication capabilities.

The dye dispensing device or system can be integrated with a data capture and chemical formulation system, for example, via a network or central server (e.g., cloud-based application, standalone server device, etc.), or via a direct connection. The integration can then automate inventory management by initiating automated direct replenishment shipments of canisters. The dye dispensing system may be operated by a stylist using a control panel or application on a mobile device, such as a laptop, tablet, smartphone, or web browser. Commands can be sent to the system from software running on an online server or from a central server.

In some embodiments, the dye formulation identifies at least one dye and an amount of dye. In some embodiments, the controller accesses the dye formulation from an internal database, an external database, or input by a user. In some embodiments, at least one canister is supported within the at least one opening. In some embodiments, the tray is configured to hold up to 50 canisters. In some embodiments, the device further includes an optical sensor. The optical sensor detects the position of the at least one canister.

In some embodiments, the canister includes a valve, a nozzle, and a dye. When a downward force is applied to a selected canister, the valve opens and the dye is dispensed through the nozzle.

In some embodiments, the device further includes a second dispenser having a second lever arm connected to the second actuator and configured with a second protrusion. When the selected canister is aligned with the dispensing area, the second dispenser exerts a downward force on the selected canister to dispense the selected dye.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a meter in communication with the controller. The meter measures the amount of the selected dye dispensed, and the dispenser stops dispensing when the amount of the selected dye dispensed equals the amount of dye in the dye formulation for the at least one dye. In some embodiments of the method, the method further includes a meter measuring the amount of the selected dye dispensed. The dispenser stops dispensing when the amount of the selected dye dispensed equals the amount of dye in the dye formulation for the at least one dye. The steps of measuring and stopping for each of the at least one dye are repeated until the dye formulation is completed.

In some embodiments, the alignment of the selected canister with the dispensing area is achieved by a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is configured to rotate the tray. In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a shaft having an extension, and the dispenser is coupled to the extension. The alignment of the selected canister with the dispensing area is achieved by a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is configured to rotate the shaft while the tray is stationary. In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a track coupled to the tray having at least one cart. The cart is configured to hold at least one canister. The alignment of the selected canister with the dispensing area is achieved by a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is configured to transport the cart along the track.

FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a dye dispensing system 110 environment incorporating a dye dispensing device 100 according to some embodiments. The dye dispensing device 100 has a housing 102 made from metal, plastic, composite material, or a combination thereof. The housing 102 may be provided with mounting holes to allow the device 100 to be mounted on a wall, secured to a countertop, mounted on a cart, or multiple devices 100 to be linked together. A door 104 may be located in the top area of the housing 102 (as shown) or on a side wall of the housing 102 to allow access to the inside of the housing 102, such as for loading and removing canisters, or resolving any issues that may arise. The door 104 may have a lock option. A panel 106 having a screen or display may be used to enter inputs for communication with the device 100 or the entire dispensing system, or to serve as an information center. For example, the panel 106 may display power modes, login functions, queues for dispensing, and system messages. The hair color or dye may be dispensed into a dispensing area 108, such as a hidden area, located in the lower region of the housing 102.

The device 100 may communicate with one or more mobile devices 112 via a network 114. In some embodiments, the device 100 includes a controller 116. The controller 116 may be contained within the housing 102 or located remotely from the device 100 and communicate with the system 110 via a network 114, such as the Internet, a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN), etc. Thus, the controller 116 may be a microcontroller unit integrated into the device 100, a separate standalone remote controller or computer, a cloud-based application, or any other suitable device or combination of devices. The controller 116 may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) or processor boards, a computer display, a touch screen, and interface hardware. The communication or transmission may be wired or wireless (or a hybrid combination thereof) and may be accomplished via a Wi-Fi system, Bluetooth wireless technology, Ethernet, a router, cellular communication, satellite communication, etc. The system may be capable of functioning as a Wi-Fi hub. In various embodiments, the controller 116 is a laptop, computer, or mobile device such as a tablet or mobile phone. In another embodiment, such as when the controller 116 is configured as a laptop, computer, tablet, or mobile device 112, a user interface may be part of the controller 116 and may be used to input inputs for communication with the device 100 or system 110 or as a clearinghouse.

In some embodiments, the system 110 also includes an optical or similar scanner 111. In some embodiments, the scanner 111 comprises any optical or other scanning or imaging device that captures information about the customer's hair from a scan or image of the customer's hair. In some embodiments, the scanner 111 may comprise a digital imaging device (e.g., a camera or scanner device) or a handheld color scanner. The scanner 111 may scan the customer's hair and determine one or more characteristics of the customer's hair, including, but not limited to, color, type, density, permeability, percentage of gray, moisture level, etc. The scanner 111 may communicate the determined hair characteristics to another device, such as the mobile device 112 or the controller 116, via the network 114.

The scanner 111 can be used to determine hair color levels and/or texture conditions much more accurately than most stylists' visual acuity. The customer's hair color levels and/or texture conditions from the scanner 111 can be recorded and compared to other data from previous treatments (of the same customer or different customers) using one or more algorithms, models, neural networks, analyses, as applied to a database of stored information. Information from the scanner 111 can also be utilized during the steady process to help guide the stylist through the entire application of the dye formulation by allowing readings before, during, and after each step of the entire color service. Information from the scanner 111 obtained before the application of the dye formulation can help the stylist determine how far the customer's hair needs to be darkened or lightened through the color space (from the initial hair color) to reach the target color. Using the scanner 111 to take readings during the application of the dye formulation can help determine in a much more accurate way what the current state (e.g., hair color, texture, etc.) of the customer's hair is. The measurement can inform or instruct what the next best dye formulation should be applied to the customer's hair to move the customer's hair to the next optimal position in color and/or texture space (e.g., the best position to provide to achieve the hair's goal color). A subsequent reading (e.g., measurement of the customer's hair after the dye formulation has been fully applied) determines whether the target level has been reached, and those results are stored in a database of previous treatments, completed results, and/or customer information and/or hair characteristics.

The dye formula identifies at least one dye and an amount of dye. It may be a recipe for producing a hair dye composition for a color service to be performed on a customer. The dye formula may include data 117 from an internal database, an external database, or input by a user.

Requests, commands, responses, and data may be transmitted over the network 114. The device 100 and system 110 may support Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) allocation of internal IP addresses and may initiate communications over the network 114 in response to input. The network 114 may utilize Ethernet and Internet protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), and data formats such as HyperText Markup Language (HTML), JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) or Extensible Markup Language (XML) for these transactions. In various embodiments, these communications may include user interface interactions, periodic device 100 timeouts, system 110 events such as a canister being inserted or removed, or completion of a dispensing sequence. Communications between the device 100 and the controller 116 may occur directly over the network 114 or via an independent access channel. If the primary network connection becomes unavailable, a backup system can be used to report GPS (Global Positioning System) coordinates and support communications operations.

In another embodiment, multiple dye dispensing systems 110 located at one site, such as a salon, or at multiple sites, can be linked together via a network 114. There can be one central controller 116 or server that acts as a hub connecting each dispensing device 100, collecting data, and distributing commands to the multiple dye dispensing systems 110. The central controller 116 can receive and transmit data, information, or commands. Providing the network 114 in this manner allows for high quality customer service and color formulation analysis.

FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of exemplary components of a computing system 200 involved in the dye dispensing system 110 of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment. In some embodiments, the computing system 200 is integrated with or incorporated within the dye dispensing system 110. In some embodiments, the computing system 200 is external to the dye dispensing system 100 and is remotely accessible by the dye dispensing system 100, for example, as a remote server. For purposes of discussion herein, the computing system 200 is assumed to be part of the dye dispensing system 110. The computing system 200 may be utilized by or in conjunction with, for example, one or more mobile devices 112, controllers 116, devices 100, scanners 111, etc. Computing devices and systems include, for example, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Macintosh, or Linux/Unix compatible computing devices or systems, or terminals or workstations. In one embodiment, the computing system 200 includes one or more central processing units ("CPUs") 205, each of which may include a conventional or proprietary microprocessor. In some embodiments, CPU 205 can perform various calculations, correlations, etc. on the data stored in the data store. Thus, CPU 205 can enable computing system 200 to process information in the data store and generate information for transmission to and from other devices. Computing system 200 further includes one or more memories 232, such as random access memory ("RAM") for temporarily storing information, one or more read only memories ("ROM") for permanently storing information, and one or more mass storage devices 222, such as a hard drive, a diskette, a solid state drive, or an optical media storage device. Typically, the components of computing system 200 are connected to the computer using a standard-based bus system 290. In different embodiments, standard-based bus system 290 can be implemented in, for example, Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), MicroChannel, Small computer System Interface (SCSI), Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA), Extended ISA (EISA), and networked architectures. Additionally, the functionality provided for in the components and modules of computing system 200 may be combined into fewer components and modules than those shown in FIG. 2, or may be further separated into additional components and modules.

Computing system 200 is typically controlled and coordinated by operating system software, such as Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, Windows Server, Unix, Linux, SunOS, Solaris, iOS, Blackberry OS, or other compatible operating systems. In a Macintosh system, the operating system can be any available operating system, such as MAC OS X. In other embodiments, computing system 200 can be controlled by its own operating system. A conventional operating system controls and schedules computer processes for execution, performs memory management, provides file systems, networking, input/output services, and provides a user interface, such as a graphical user interface, among other things.

The exemplary computing system 200 may include one or more commonly available input/output (I/O) devices and interfaces 212, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, and a printer. In one embodiment, the I/O devices and interfaces 212 include one or more display devices, such as a monitor, a display screen, or a similar display component, that enable visual presentation of data to a user. More specifically, the display devices provide for presentation of, for example, a user interface or graphical user interface (GUI), application software data, and multimedia presentations. The computing system 200 may also include one or more multimedia devices, such as, for example, speakers, a video card, a graphics accelerator, and a microphone.

In some embodiments, the input/output devices and interfaces 212 provide communication interfaces to various external devices. In some embodiments, the computing system 200 is electronically coupled to one or more networks via one or more network devices 214 via wired, wireless, or combination wired and wireless communication links, including, for example, one or more of a LAN, a WAN, and/or the Internet. For example, the computing system 200 is electronically coupled to the network 114 of FIG. 1 via a wired or wireless connection using the network devices 214. Using the network devices 214, the computing system 200 can communicate over the network with various computing devices and/or other electronic devices via wired or wireless communication links. In some embodiments, the network devices 214 enable one computing system 200 (e.g., the device 100) to communicate with another computing system 200 (e.g., the controller 116, or one or more mobile devices 112, or a database not shown in FIG. 1). Additionally or alternatively, the networking device 214 may enable the scanner 111 to communicate with another computing system 200 shown in the system 110. Through such communication, the customer and/or stylist may view the scanned hair color and corresponding hair characteristics (such as permeability, density, moisture content, percentage of gray range of the hair, etc.) on one or more mobile devices 112 or panel 106 of the apparatus 100, for example. In some embodiments, the customer and/or stylist may store the scanned information in association with the customer, for example, as part of a customer profile stored in the memory 232 or mass storage device 222.

In some embodiments, the input/output devices and interface 212 may generate or provide a user interface (UI). The UI may enable customers, stylists, and/or other users of one or more mobile devices 112, controller 116, scanner 111, and/or device 100 to interact with any device of the system 110. In some embodiments, the UI may enable customers, stylists, and/or other users to view, update, and/or store customer information (e.g., stored hair characteristics), update and/or adjust dye formulation information, hair target color input information, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the UI may enable customers, stylists, and/or other users to monitor and/or control the operation of the device 100, controller 116, and/or scanner 111.

The computing system 200 further comprises a color analysis module 216. The color analysis module can determine and/or analyze the color of an exposed sample or swatch based on scanning or optically capturing the swatch with the scanner 111. For example, an operator or user of the scanner 111 (e.g., a stylist, a customer, or another user) can scan a swatch with the scanner 111. The swatch may include a sample of human hair, natural fabric, yak hair, synthetic fabric, etc., having a particular color. The output of the scanner 111 can include one or more International Commission on Illumination (CIE) LAB values. The color analysis module 216 can receive the LAB values from the scanner 111 and generate a library of lightness values for a hair color lookup table and/or identify a hair color or dye color for the swatch from the lookup table.

In some embodiments, the scanner 111 and color analysis module 216 generate a library of lightness values. The library of lightness values may be specific to a particular brand or line of hair color, or may be a collection of all or many brands or lines of hair color. When a library of lightness values is completed for a particular line of hair color, it contains measurements for every formulated color for that hair color line. When a library of lightness values is completed for all or many lines of hair color, the library contains measurements for all formulated colors for the included hair color lines.

When generating a library of lightness values for the lookup table, the scanner 111 measures the CIELAB values of various hair colors applied to swatches of one or many brands of hair color. In some embodiments, the CIELAB measurements including the lightness values for each measured hair color are stored, for example, in the mass storage device 222 or network storage device. The CIELAB values of the swatches can be further measured using a spectrophotometer, and the corresponding CIELAB values from the spectrophotometer are also stored, for example, in the mass storage device 222 or network storage device. Once the lightness (L) values for each of the swatches are known, a lookup table is created. The lookup table can include a column with hair colors (e.g., 1N-12N identifiers for natural hair colors, etc.) with corresponding minimum and maximum acceptable lightness values (from the scanner 111 and spectrophotometer) for the particular hair color in second and third columns. Thus, a single row in the lookup table may include (1) a particular identifier of a hair color (e.g., name, number, etc.) in a first column, (2) a corresponding minimum lightness level associated with the identified hair color in a second column, and (3) a maximum lightness level associated with the identified hair color in a third column.

Once the lookup table is generated, the color analysis module 216 can use the data in the lookup table to identify the color of the scanned customer's hair (scanned by the scanner 111) or the color of the scanned swatch or sample. For example, the stylist (or customer) scans the customer's hair at three different locations to identify CIELAB measurements associated with the customer's hair. The three locations can include a root location on the customer's hair, a shaft location on the customer's hair, and a tip location on the customer's hair. The measurements from the scanner 111 can be communicated to the computing system 200, and the color analysis module 216 can identify a single lightness value that corresponds to all three measurements of the customer's hair. For example, the color analysis module 216 (or the scanner 111) can average the lightness measurements from the three measurement locations to generate a single lightness measurement. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 (or the scanner 111) generates the median of the three lightness measurements as the single lightness measurement. In some embodiments, other calculations are used to determine the single lightness measurement. In some embodiments, the three brightness measurements and the single brightness measurement are stored on the mass storage device 222 or on a network storage device.

Based on the determined single lightness measurement, the color analysis module 216 references a lookup table to identify a hair color level (e.g., name, identifier, etc.) associated with the single lightness measurement based on the single lightness measurement being between the minimum and maximum lightness levels for the particular hair color. For example, the color analysis module 216 identifies that the single lightness measurement is L=34, and the color analysis module 216 references the lookup table to identify a hair color level that is between the minimum and maximum lightness measurements to which L=34 corresponds. If color 8 has a maximum L value of 35 and a minimum L value of 30, the color analysis module 216 identifies that the customer's hair color level corresponds to color level 8. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 can calculate an accurate hair color level based on the relationship between the single lightness measurement and the minimum/maximum lightness levels. For example, for a single lightness measurement of L=34 with minimum and maximum L values of 30 and 35, respectively, the color analysis module 216 may determine that the customer's hair color level is 8.8 (30 reaches a color level 8, then 4/5 reaches a color level .8). The color analysis module 216 may round the 8.8 color level to the nearest whole (9) or half (8.5) color level. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 provides the identified color level for display to the customer or stylist via the UI of the computing system 200. The identified color level may be stored with the customer's profile or in addition to or instead of the mass storage device 222 or network storage. In some embodiments, the color name or image corresponding to the color level may be displayed via the UI for visual confirmation by the customer and/or stylist.

Alternatively, instead of determining a single lightness measurement corresponding to the three measurements from the customer's hair, the color analysis module 216 may identify, from a lookup table, a color that corresponds to the lightness measurements from the three measurement locations. Thus, the color analysis module 216 may identify up to three different color levels (or more if more than three measurements are taken from the customer's hair) depending on how much the lightness measurements for each measurement location differ from one another.

The identified color(s) of the scanned customer's hair may correspond to the customer's starting or initial hair color(s). By using the scanner 111 and the lookup table in conjunction with the color analysis module 216, a more precise or accurate initial hair color(s) for the customer may be identified as compared to using only the stylist's visual acuity. Thus, by integrating the lookup table, scanner 111, and color analysis module 216, variability or inconsistency in applying hair dye to the customer's hair may be reduced, as a stylist may not be able to accurately "see" the customer's initial hair color without stylist-to-stylist variation. Failure to accurately identify the initial hair color (e.g., without using the scanner 111, the lookup table, and the color analysis module 216) may result in an inaccurate identification of the formulation to apply to the customer's hair to obtain the desired hair target color, resulting in an incorrect final hair color.

The computing system 200 also includes a formulation module 218. The formulation module 218 can determine a dye or color formulation for application to the customer's hair based on various inputs. For example, the computing system 200 can use the color analysis module 216 to determine the customer's initial hair color(s) and receive, via the UI, the customer's target hair color(s). Based on the determined initial hair color(s) and the received target hair color(s), the formulation module 218 can determine an appropriate formulation or combination of formulations to change the customer's hair color as desired. In some embodiments, once the formulation module 218 determines a formulation or combination of formulations, the corresponding formulation information is displayed to the customer or stylist via the UI for verification.

For example, if the lightness measurements described above are different at the roots and tips of the customer's hair, and the target color of the customer's hair is the same regardless of location within the customer's hair, the formulation module 218 generates different formulations to apply to different locations of the customer's hair. If the roots are lighter than the tips, the customer's hair may require a darker formulation to be applied to the roots compared to the tips. In some embodiments, the formulation module 218 may determine that the customer's hair needs to be pre-lightened with bleach as part of changing the hair to the target color. Given the various complexities in coloring the customer's hair, the formulation module 218, along with the color analysis module 216, the scanner 111, and the lookup table, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the hair dye process applied by the stylist and help the stylist achieve the desired results by removing any guesswork from identifying a formulation to achieve the target color of the customer's hair.

In this manner, regardless of which device in the system 110 the formulation module 218 operates on, the formulation determined based on the customer's initial hair color and the target color of the customer's hair can be communicated to the device 100 for dispensing into a container 154 for the stylist to apply to the customer's hair. In some embodiments, the formulation generated by the formulation module 218 is communicated to the stylist for review and/or adjustment before the stylist dispenses the color from the device 100. In some embodiments, the stylist generates or selects the formulation without reviewing the results from the formulation module 218.

After the stylist applies the formulation to the customer's hair, rinses excess color from the customer's hair, and dries the hair, the stylist or customer can take an "after" lightness measurement of the customer's hair using sensor 111. The after lightness measurement can be compared to the desired hair target color to determine how close or far the final color is from the target color. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 can identify differences (e.g., lightness value or color level differences) between the final color and the target color. The differences may be stored, for example, in the mass storage device 222 or network storage device in association with the customer profile. In some embodiments, the identified differences can be associated with the customer and then used by the formulation module 218 to update future formulation decisions. For example, the formulation module 218 can update its algorithms and/or formulation selections to move closer to the target color in future applications. Since each customer's hair may respond differently to the formulation, even if two customers have the same initial hair color and the same formula is applied, the final color may be very different depending on various characteristics of the customer's hair, including hair health, thickness, permeability, range of gray, damage, previous treatments, etc. Thus, storing before and after measurements may help improve the accuracy of the device 100 and formulation module 218. This recorded data will be provided to continually improve the formulation and customize the treatment for each individual customer.

As an example of utilizing only one magnitude of lightness from the CIELAB measurements, assume that the customer's hair has a starting L value of L=40, and the customer desires to have darker hair, L=30. The stylist (or formulation module 218) creates a formula that results in L=30, as measured on a swatch. However, when that formula is applied to the customer's L=40 hair, the end result may actually be L=25, too dark, because the customer's hair is very porous and absorbs more color than expected. By storing the before and after measurements, the system 110 will recognize the over-absorption of color and select a target color for hair with L=35, such that in the future, when the formula is applied to the customer's hair, it will result in the target level of L=30. Alternatively, if the customer desires a much lighter color, say L=60, the formula that is generated may include first bleaching the customer's hair to L=70, and then applying another formula that darkens the hair to L=60.

The examples and embodiments described herein generally refer to lightness measurements as a result of CIELAB measurements. However, it is understood that similar associations, lookup tables, and the like exist for color components from CIELAB measurements. For example, CIELAB measurements include lightness values, green to red color values, and blue to yellow color values. Thus, in some embodiments, different color values from CIELAB measurements can be used to generate additional lookup tables or add additional information to a single lookup table to enable the color analysis module 216 to identify an initial hair color based on lightness and color values. This also enables the formulation module 218 to generate a formulation that changes the initial hair color to a target hair color based on the lightness and color measurements.

The computing system 200 further comprises a remote data module 220. The remote data module 220 can integrate the system 110 with the network 210 and the networked database 208 (described in more detail with reference to FIG. 6 below). In some embodiments, the remote data module 220 can store data in and/or retrieve data from the networked database 208. The remote data module 220 can further perform one or more functions on the data retrieved from the networked database 208. For example, the remote data module 220 can perform one or more of analyses of models, apply neural networks, and/or otherwise use the data stored in the networked database 208 to improve a customer's dyeing session.

In some embodiments, the remote data module 220 of one of the devices for each system 110 can store the information captured from the scanner 110 in the networked database 208. The information retrieved from the database 208 can be stored locally and/or used by the remote data module 220 in analysis to improve the dye formulation for the current customer's dye session. In some embodiments, the remote data module 220 can apply one or more models, neural networks, etc. to calculate the most likely outcome of a particular dye session using the information received from the scanner 111 applied to the customer's hair. In some embodiments, the models, neural networks, etc. can combine the information from the scanner 111 applied to the customer's hair with information (e.g., from the networked database 208) about hair characteristics, etc. from previous customers to enhance the possible outcomes and resulting dye formulations to achieve a target shade or texture. The remote data module 220 can use analysis, modeling, and/or neural networks to generate an output of a method for adjusting and/or adjusting the dye formulation by the formulation module 218. Thus, the formulation module 218 can use input from the remote data module 220 to adjust and/or generate a dye formulation to change the customer's hair color from an initial color value to a target color value such that the final color value is closer to the target color value than would be the case without using input from the remote data module 220. The generated dye formulation (or pigment or other chemical) can be electronically delivered to the device 100, as described herein, which dispenses the appropriate amount of material, including one or more dyes, pigments, or other materials, to achieve the target color or texture within a determined range of accuracy to the target color or texture.

As described herein, in hair color applications using dyes, pigments, or bleaches, the underlying process may include capturing beginning, intermediate, and ending color or texture state information before, during, and after one or more steps of dye formulation application. In some embodiments, at each step of dye formulation application, the database 208 is mined by the remote data module 220 for any data that may be used to improve the next step of dye formulation application. In some embodiments, the improvements may include adjustments to the dye formulation that take into account information captured about the customer's hair during dye formulation application, compared to the information being analyzed, processed, etc., taking into account models and/or neural networks applied to the database information. In some embodiments, the remote data module 220 may determine the information in the networked database 208 that is most comparable to the customer's hair and use that information to make updates and/or formulas for each step of dye formulation application to make adjustments to the dye formulation based on achieving the target tone or texture result.

In some embodiments, the remote data module 220 can use multiple sources and types of information (e.g., information from the local scanner 111 and information from the networked database 208) to improve the probability of generating a dye formulation that contains the exact amount of each of the chemical elements, dyes, etc., required to accurately achieve the target shade and/or texture given the initial shade and/or texture. The ability to use modeling and/or neural networks or similar processes to successfully predict which dye formulations, etc., will accurately achieve the desired shade and/or texture reduces the amount of manual testing required by stylists, etc., and can demonstrate that the dye formulations recommended by the system 110 are effective and best suited to reach the target shade and/or texture without having to perform numerous manual tests to confirm the numerous manual tests that would otherwise be required.

In some embodiments, the computing system 200 receives information from one or more devices of FIG. 1 (e.g., device 100, one or more mobile devices 112, controller 116, etc.) via the network 114 of FIG. 1. In some embodiments, a networked data store (not shown in this figure) stores data for one or more mobile devices 112 or controller 116, and/or any other computing devices that are local or remote to any of the devices shown in FIG. 1. In some embodiments, one or more of information from a customer profile for each customer, previous characteristics of the customer's hair, previously applied formulations, and/or results from previously applied formulations are stored in the networked data store. The data store may include one or more internal and/or external data sources that store and/or provide the corresponding data described above. The data sources may include internal (e.g., local or first party) and external (e.g., remote or third party) data sources that store, for example, one or more customer profiles for each customer, hair characteristics, relationships between hair characteristics and dye formulations, results from dye formulation application, etc.

In general, the term "module" as used herein refers to logic embodied in hardware or firmware, or a collection of software instructions that may have entry and exit points written in a programming language such as Java, Lua, C, or C++. A software module may be compiled and linked into an executable program, installed in a dynamic link library, or written in an interpreted programming language such as BASIC, Perl, or Python. It will be understood that a software module may be called from other modules or from itself, and/or in response to a detected event or interrupt. A software module configured to run on a computing device may be provided on a computer-readable medium, such as a compact disc, digital video disc, flash drive, or any other tangible medium. Such software code may be stored, in part or in whole, on a memory device of a running computing device, such as one or more mobile devices 112 or controller 116, for execution by computing system 200. The software instructions may be embedded in firmware, such as an erasable and programmable read only memory (EPROM). It will be further understood that a hardware module may be composed of connected logic units such as gates and flip-flops, and/or may be composed of programmable units such as programmable gate arrays or processors. The modules described herein are preferably implemented as software modules, but may also be represented in hardware or firmware, or a combination thereof. In general, the modules described herein refer to logical modules that can be combined with other modules or divided into sub-modules, regardless of their physical organization or storage.

3 is a partial perspective view of the interior of the dye dispensing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, according to some embodiments. A tray 118 within the housing 102 may be coupled to the housing 102 and configured to hold at least one canister 120. A bearing may be coupled to the tray 118 to allow the tray 118 to rotate. The tray 118 may have any shape, such as round, a carousel configuration, and may be operated by a drive mechanism 124, such as a motor. The tray 118 is in communication with the controller 116. In other embodiments, the tray 118 is fixed. The tray 118 is configured to have at least one opening.

In some embodiments, there may be multiple rows of openings, such as two concentric rows. For example, the tray 118 may have an inner row with 20 openings and an outer row with 30 openings, and may contain up to 50 openings arranged in two rows. In other embodiments, the tray 118 may be square with 40 openings arranged in four rows. In yet another embodiment, the tray 118 may be octagonal in shape with 40 openings arranged in clusters. The shape of the tray 118 and the arrangement of the openings may be customized depending on the application. The ability to change the size, shape, and number of openings allows the device 100 to be reduced in overall size to accommodate space constraints within a salon. Additionally, the overall size of the device 100 may be reduced if a particular application requires a smaller number of canisters 120. For example, a salon may provide a limited amount of color formulation and therefore only require 10 canisters 120 instead of up to 50 canisters 120.

Each canister 120 may include an identifier, an internal valve, a nozzle, a sleeve, and a dye. The sleeve is configured to contain the dye. In one embodiment, the canisters 120 are modular and interchangeable with one another. Storage capacity may be up to 8.6 ounces, for example, but may vary depending on the size of the sleeve. In practice, the dye cannot be exposed to air until immediately prior to the coloring process. Thus, the canisters 120 may be sealed and constructed from a metal, such as aluminum, a composite material, or a combination thereof.

Each canister 120 is labeled with a unique identifier, such as a barcode, QR code, catalog number, or icon code. This identifier may be scanned, read, and recognized by a device such as a reader or scanner. The reader may be a standalone unit or part of the controller 116, or may be located within the housing. The reader may be coupled to a side or top wall of the housing, on the dispenser, or at any location under direct observation of the canister 120. Other technologies may be used to uniquely identify the canister 120, such as by radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, near-field communication (NFC) technology, etc. In some embodiments, the identifier verifies the presence of the canister 120 in the device 100 and identifies the specific contents within the canister 120, such as the color of the dye. Other information may be included in the identifier, such as the product name, the date the canister 120 was filled with a particular dye, the amount of dye remaining in the canister 120, the lot or batch number, and any other notes the manufacturer may wish to include.

The reader communicates with the controller 116. The reader is configured to scan, read, and recognize identifiers labeled on the canisters and communicates the information to the controller 116. The controller 116 can recognize information embedded in the identifier, such as the product name, the amount remaining in the canister 120, and the lot or batch number. In another embodiment, there may be two or more readers designed to identify canisters 120 located in a particular area of the tray 118. For example, one reader may identify canisters 120 in an inner row of the tray 118 and another reader may identify canisters 120 in an outer row of the tray 118.

The canister 120 is recyclable, refillable, and reusable within the system 110 and is configured to be pressurized with a gas. The canister 120 may include a port for injecting gas. For example, the canister 120 may be a nitrogen pressurized canister 120. The gas and dye are separated within the canister by an internal sleeve that allows the dye to move evenly downward toward an internal valve when an external force or pressure is applied to the canister 120. When a force is applied to the top end of the canister 120, the valve is forced against a protrusion on the coupler, opening the valve and allowing the dye to be dispensed through the nozzle. The internal valve allows the canister 120 to dispense substantially all of its internal contents, such as dye, through the nozzle by the device 100. In another embodiment, the canister 120 utilizes a gravity feed system that uses gravity to move the dye 134 downward through the canister 120.

The dispenser 142 includes at least one actuator. The actuator may include mechanical and electrical components such as a solenoid, a motor and/or a piston and rod assembly, a lever arm, and a protrusion. The actuator communicates with the controller 116. The actuator is coupled to a first end of the lever arm, and the protrusion is coupled to a second end of the lever arm. A mounting bracket couples the dispenser 142 to a surface such as the housing 102. The mounting bracket is coupled to the lever arm at a connection point. The connection point serves as a support and pivot point for the lever arm. When the actuator is actuated, the inner rod of the actuator moves upward, causing the lever arm coupled to the first end of the actuator to also move upward. At the connection point, the lever arm moves downward in a seesaw effect, thus allowing the protrusion to move downward and contact a surface (not shown) of the canister 120. This action exerts pressure on the canister 120, initiating the dispensing of the dye.

In some embodiments, the protrusion is configured to pivot and rotate to allow full contact with the top of the canister 120. The protrusion is a component that extends from the end of a lever arm, and in some embodiments, the protrusion may be part of the lever arm. The protrusion is designed to optimally mate with the top surface of the canister 120. In some embodiments, the protrusion may have a flat or curved surface of a spring-like material, such as plastic or rubber, to provide flexibility and suction. In other embodiments, the protrusion 148 is constructed of a rigid material that provides resistance to the top surface of the canister 120.

Once the canister 120 is aligned with the dispensing area 108, the dispenser 142 applies a downward force to the canister 120 to dispense the dye. For example, the controller 116 communicates with a reader. The reader identifies the selected dye in the selected canister 120 associated with the dye formulation based on the identifier. The selected canister 120 is aligned with the dispensing area 108. The controller 116 communicates with an actuator that activates and positions a lever arm with a protrusion directly above the selected canister 120. The dispenser 142 applies a downward force to the selected canister 120 while the protrusion is in direct contact with the top surface of the canister 120. This opens the valve of the canister 120 and the dye spills out through the nozzle of the canister 120. The dye is dispensed in any programmed range, such as in amounts from 0.01 grams to 140.00 grams.

The controller 116 starts and stops the dispensing of dye via the dispenser 142, allowing for variable dispensing speeds. For example, dispensing may start slowly, increase, plateau, and then decrease as the required amount of dye is dispensed. The speed of dispensing may be customized depending on the amount of dye to be dispensed and the time the device 100 needs to complete the dye formulation. In another embodiment, a second dispenser may be provided in the device 100 that operates similarly to the first dispenser. If there are multiple dispensers, the dispensers may be operated alternately, one after the other, or simultaneously.

The device 100 further includes a meter in communication with the controller 116. The meter measures the amount of the selected dye dispensed, and the dispenser stops dispensing when the amount of the selected dye dispensed is equal to the amount of dye in the dye formulation for at least one dye. A plate is placed in the dispensing area 108 and is positioned vertically below the at least one opening along with a selected canister 120. The plate may be configured with a meter to measure the contents on the plate. The meter may be a transducer, a scale, a gauge such as a strain gauge, or a combination thereof. A container is placed on top of the plate. The container, such as a cup or bowl, collects the dye as it is dispensed from the canister 120. The container may be stuck or snapped to the plate to ensure stability. The meter measures the amount of dye dispensed and then communicates this data to the controller 116. In one embodiment, dispensing will not occur unless the container is in the proper position. This may be visually indicated with an indicator light. The measuring and stopping process for each of the at least one dye will be repeated until the dye formulation is complete.

Typically, the salon industry relies on the knowledge and ability of stylists to generate dye formulations, dispense and hand mix the correct amount of dyes that comprise the dye formulation. This can result in inaccuracies and non-repeatable results. The dye dispensing system and method of the present invention, which provides unique hair dye compositions in recyclable, refillable and reusable canisters, reduces waste and improves hair color services through dye formulation and dispensing control, thus retaining customers while providing new customer opportunities. FIG. 4 shows a simplified schematic diagram of components used in a method for preparing a dye formulation, according to some embodiments. In this embodiment, the components may be base levels 156 and shade values 158 of various colors of different pigments contained in the canister 120. These components are dispensed by the device 100 according to the dye formulation and collected in a container 154. For example, 5-40% developer 160 can be added to or made part of the dye formulation to produce the final hair dye composition for use on the customer's hair.

In a non-limiting example, a customer wishes to change the color of their hair. To use the dye dispensing apparatus 100 and method 1100, the stylist uses a user interface, such as a device 112, such as a laptop, computer, tablet, or cell phone. This may be done via an application or software package or program. The stylist inputs information about the customer to whom the dye formula (dye formulation) is to be applied, such as the desired color, hair length, hair thickness, hair texture, etc. The controller 116 generates a request for a dye formula based on that information. The dye formula is comprised of data 117 from an internal database, an external database, or user input. For example, in some embodiments, the dye formula may be created by the controller 116 accessing a database stored in the controller 116 or stored remotely from the apparatus 100, or the user may input the dye formula.

The dye formulation includes an identifier 128 and a specified amount of dye 134 for each of the at least one dye 134. A dye formulation, like a recipe, includes an identifier 128 and an amount of each dye 134 needed to complete the dye formulation, and may be composed of at least one dye 134. In this example, three different dyes 134 are required for the dye formulation. For example, 0.1 grams of dye F1, 5.05 grams of dye F2, and 4.03 grams of dye F3 make up the dye formulation (dye formulation).

In one embodiment, a formulation code is generated and entered into the panel 106 of the device 100 or through a user interface into a device 112, such as a computer, laptop, tablet, or mobile phone, which may be the same as the controller 116. The formulation code may also be associated with a particular stylist and used to track different information or aspects by stylist. For example, the stylist enters the formulation code on a touch screen located on the device 100, or on the panel 106. In another embodiment, the stylist enters the information on a personal mobile device 112. The controller 116 then sends a signal to the reader 136, which reads the identifier 128 on the canister 120 and identifies the selected dye 134 in the selected canister 120 associated with the dye formulation, such as dye F1, based on the identifier 128. The controller 116 sends a signal to a drive mechanism, such as a motor, which in this embodiment rotates the tray 118 until the dye F1 in the selected canister 120 is aligned with the dispensing area 108. The actuator receives a signal from the controller 116 and the lever arm moves or translates until the prong is directly above the selected canister 120 of dye F1. A downward force is applied by the actuator to the selected canister 120 of dye F1 via the lever arm and prong, applying pressure to the selected canister 120 of dye F1. In one embodiment, a pressure of 10-15 psi is applied for approximately 0.01 seconds to 3.0 seconds such that 0.01 grams of dye F1 is dispensed. The dye is dispensed through the nozzle and collected in a reservoir 154 located on the plate 150 of the dispensing area 108.

A meter, such as a transducer coupled to the plate, measures the amount of the selected dye associated with the dye formula and provides feedback to the controller 116 so that the controller 116 can stop dispensing the dispenser 142. The dispenser 142 stops dispensing when the dispensed amount of the selected dye is equal to the amount of dye in the dye formula for at least one dye. This ensures the correct amount of dye dispensed. In this example, the meter measures the dispensed dye F1 and sends a signal to the controller 116 reporting that 0.01 grams of dye F1 have been received. The controller 116 then sends a signal to the reader to find dye F2, which is the next identifier 128 in the dye formula. The steps of the method are repeated, as are the steps of measuring and stopping for each of the at least one dye, until the dye formulation is complete. This includes identifying the canister 120 of dye F2, rotating the tray 118, dispensing the selected dye, and measuring the amount of dye dispensed. The method 1100 is then repeated to dispense the contents of dye F3. Once the contents of dye F1, dye F2, and dye F3 have been dispensed, the dye preparation is complete. In some embodiments, F1, F2, F3 through F(x) may be developers instead of dyes. When the dye preparation is complete, the stylist is notified by an indicator light and/or a message on the user interface or panel 106.

The canister 120 may be recyclable, refillable, and reusable so that all of the dye is provided from the canister 120 and when the canister 120 is empty, the canister 120 may be refilled and reloaded into the dye dispensing device 100. In one embodiment, the canister 120 is refilled remotely by the manufacturer and then shipped to the salon. The refilled canister 120 may be loaded into the device 100 through the door 104 of the housing 102.

The device, system or method may provide notifications during operation in the form of indicator lights, messages on a user interface, or the like. For example, the stylist may be instructed on the user interface to load a particular canister 120. This may occur if the required dye in the canister 120 is not available in the device 100, if a particular canister runs out of dye during dispensing, or if the dye dispensing device, system or method has failed.

5 is a front view of the dye dispensing device 100 of FIG. 1 according to some embodiments. The device may be operated by a panel 106 or a mobile device 112. In one embodiment, multiple devices 100 are mounted together, each having one canister 120, communicating and controlled by a controller 116. The dye formulation may be composed of different dyes, e.g., F1, F2, F3 through F(x), and communicated to the user on the panel 106 or by the mobile device 112. After F1 is dispensed, the container 154 may be moved to the next device 100 where F2 is dispensed. After F2 is dispensed, the container 154 may be moved to the next device 100 where F3 is dispensed, and so on until the dye formulation is complete. Alternatively, there may be only one device 100 and a selected canister 120 may be loaded after each dye is dispensed until the dye formulation is complete. The user may be instructed via the user interface to accomplish the loading and unloading of the canister 120 and/or the movement of the container 154 that collects the dispensed dye.

The dye dispensing system or method is a comprehensive solution that provides precise repeatability of custom dye formulations, packaging innovations, aids for in-store inventory, and reorder capabilities. In some embodiments, substantially all of the dye in the canister is utilized. The salon industry is generally plagued by waste during color services, inventory and storage costs, customer retention issues related to the quality of hair color formulations, and high customer acquisition costs. For hair dyes, the industry typically relies on small containers such as dye-filled tubes. When performing a color service on a customer, the stylist uses a portion of the dye in the tube to mix the hair color, and multiple tubes are typically required. This stresses the environment with excess packaging and waste, as the remaining hair color and packaging are distributed to water systems and landfills. Additionally, the unused portion of the dye in the container often becomes waste, as it may not be needed for another customer or is spoiled by exposure to oxygen. Utilizing a canister, as opposed to a typical dye tube, eliminates tubes, dye waste, and packaging. A typical tube of dye is about 1.7 ounces to 3.2 ounces. In one embodiment, by using a canister configured to contain 8.6 ounces, many tubes are replaced with one canister that is recyclable, refillable, and reusable.

The dye dispensing system 110 may be configured to track inventory and generate reports. For example, the identifier of each canister 120 may be read during installation, so that the dye dispensing system 110 may monitor, track, and reorder inventory. Self-diagnostic scans may be performed by the controller 116 or the reader, or a combination of the two, to monitor current operating status, position errors, warnings, or failures.

The dye dispensing system 110 may automate the reordering and salon payment procedures for the canisters 120. For example, an inventory management system may initiate replacement orders. Orders may be with exclusive vendors that offer automated shipping, thus reducing inventory carrying costs and administrative effort for salon owners. Inventory may be reviewed against shipping data to track order-to-delivery information. Canisters 120 with dye may be automatically invoiced and automatically purchased electronically, thus minimizing payment efforts and streamlining the salon's accounts receivable process. In some embodiments, the method has a tiered marketing strategy that provides direct sales to top-tier salons and manufacturer representatives for lower-tier salons. In other embodiments, direct shipping of canisters from the factory reduces shipping costs and outer packaging.

Traditionally, stylists hand mix hair color dye combinations that are manually dispensed from tubes, containers, or bottles. The industry relies on primitive tools for hand mixing. A poorly mixed hair color formulation can result in hot spots on the scalp and inconsistent hair color. In one embodiment, a lid for the container 154 is provided. The lid is configured to have an opening through which the dispensed dye may flow when the lid is coupled to the container. The lid may also be configured to have a whisk driven by a motor. When the lid is coupled to the container 154, the dispensed dye in the container 154 may be mixed to the appropriate viscosity by the whisk, thereby allowing all of the dye to be mixed evenly without leaving unmixed color on the surface of the container 154. The whisk may be configured to be decoupled from the motor, for example, by a push-and-turn mechanism that operates counterclockwise relative to the rotation of the whisk. The container and whisk materials may minimize friction and aid in cleaning of hydrophobic materials. The whisk is removable and may be cleaned after each use.

In another embodiment, the dye dispensing system 110 is configured with 360° image capture capabilities designed to generate a head and shoulders image of the customer. An associated application provides hair and facial avatars along with a palette of dye colors to try on, allowing the customer to visualize how they would look with different colored hair. Once selected, the target color may be converted into a formula for dispensing by the dye dispensing system 110. In a further embodiment, an optical scanner may capture a three-dimensional image of the customer that may be used to calculate the amount of dye needed to dye the hair, and transmit that information to the dye dispensing system 110.

In yet another embodiment, the dye dispensing system is configured with sensors to provide hair color feedback. A digital profile of the customer's hair before and after application of the hair color may be evaluated to assess the quality of the dye formulation relative to the target color selected by the customer. Each customer's hair has different characteristics that affect the outcome of the hair coloring process. A feedback loop may provide data to optimize the formula toward the target color with each use based on an algorithm that converts the difference between the target and actual color into a customized formula that is optimized for each customer. As data is collected from the customer, the system may learn to adjust the formula, thereby accurately creating a formula that achieves the target color with fewer applications. This may also improve the "first time experience," a common source of anxiety for stylists and customers.

In further embodiments, the device 100 and method can dispense other liquids, such as, for example, developer, shampoo, conditioner, additives, or any combination thereof.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems and processes for measuring the current color of a customer's hair and then using that information along with aggregated information from multiple other customers to accurately provide a hair dye composition that will change the customer's current hair color to a desired color. For example, systems described herein that incorporate and/or utilize look-up tables or similar structures to store associations between hair parameters and colors can be networked with other systems, and such networked information can be utilized to improve the hair dye composition. As is known, a customer desiring a new hair color can have a specific hair target color in mind when entering a salon. However, it can sometimes be a challenge for a stylist to know how to change a customer's current hair color to a desired color. Hair dyeing is complex, and often it can be difficult to know the final color of the customer's hair after applying the dye formulation. Additionally, variations in one or more aspects or characteristics of the customer's hair can affect how the hair dye composition changes the customer's hair. For example, different customers' hair may respond differently to the same hair dye composition, so that two customers who start with the same hair color may end up with different colors in a situation where the same hair dye composition is applied. An embodiment of the present invention compares the customer's hair characteristics to a large data set of other previous dye sessions to help the stylist formulate a dye composition that appropriately enables the stylist to dye the customer's hair to reach the goal color. For example, the stylist can take multiple current measurements of the customer's hair to determine the hair characteristics. These measurements and characteristics may be input into the system along with the goal color of the hair. The system can then compare these starting measurements and characteristics, as well as the goal color, to the large data set of previous dye sessions and output a suggested protocol to enable the customer to reach the goal color. The system can use artificial intelligence and machine learning processes to compile and analyze previous customer data, then execute instructions to identify corresponding characteristics from a database of previous hair characteristics, and use the information from the database along with instructions to determine the appropriate protocol and composition to place on the customer's hair to reach the desired hair goal color.

In one embodiment, a stylist can use an electronic device to measure the customer's current hair color. The device can be a handheld colorimeter, an optical sensor, a camera, a narrow or wide frequency information capture device, or a similar device that performs an analysis on the hair to return measurements of various characteristics of the hair, including hair health, color, type, density, thickness, permeability, range of gray, damage, moisture level, previous treatments, and levels of primary colors reflected by the hair. However, other devices that measure these characteristics of the customer's hair are also contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, the stylist can take a high resolution photograph of the customer's hair and perform an analysis of the color in the digital image. In another embodiment, the stylist can take multiple photos or videos and feed that data into the system for analysis of the customer's current hair color. Once the starting characteristics of the customer's current hair are measured and the stylist consults with the customer on what the desired target color is, the stylist can input the measured characteristics and the desired color into the system to compare to a database of stored measured characteristics and generate the hair dye composition.

In one embodiment, the target hair color can be input into the system by entering the desired color, hue, or other color information. In another embodiment, the desired target color can be captured by entering a Pantone (or similar) number or identifier into the system. In another embodiment, the target color may be captured from an existing photograph or image of a hair color printed in a magazine or other source. For example, a stylist can take a digital photograph of a hair color the customer saw in a fashion magazine, and the system can use that captured color as the target color so that the customer can obtain the same color they saw in the magazine.

Using the captured hair characteristics, the system can access a centralized database or several distributed databases or storage devices to identify a probable result of applying the dye composition to the customer's hair given the captured hair characteristics. For example, the system can search a centralized or distributed database for other customers with similar hair characteristics and dyeing results based on the corresponding target color and dye composition to better determine the dye composition for the customer with the captured hair characteristics to obtain the target color.

Based on the obtained hair characteristics, the obtained database information, and the target color information, the system can process the information to determine an appropriate process for changing the customer's hair color. In some embodiments, the system will suggest a protocol that includes a sequence of color applications that includes different compositions and treatments for the roots compared to the tips of the hair. In some embodiments, the system may suggest pre-lightening the hair with bleach as an initial step. The system guides the stylist through the process with the suggested formulas and treatments such that the end result is the desired hair target color.

Once the stylist applies the formula and treatment suggested by the system, the stylist can take a set of "after" measurements with a handheld sensor to determine how close the customer's new hair color is to the desired target color. The system can record the results and use the data collected from the dye session to update its process and coloring calculations to provide colors and instructions to improve accuracy in the future. For example, the results may be stored in a centralized database or one of multiple distributed databases along with one or more of the customer's hair characteristics and target color to show how one or more hair characteristics influenced the change from the customer's initial hair color to the final hair color. These results may allow the system to compensate for hair characteristics that may be unique to the customer when generating dye compositions to reach the hair's target color. By making the results available to other systems (via a centralized or distributed database), the other systems can use the same information to improve the generation of dye compositions to compensate for one or more hair characteristics.

In some embodiments, the dye dispensing system 110 of FIG. 1 may represent a salon or similar facility supported by one or more stylists to which one or more customers come for hair coloring services. As mentioned above and described herein, the dye dispensing system 110 (e.g., a salon) includes equipment used to accurately dispense dye compositions and/or formulations that are applied by the stylists to the customer's hair. In some embodiments, each of the dye dispensing systems 110 may include a database or data storage device in which there is data regarding customers and/or stylists specific to that system 110 (e.g., the particular salon that constitutes the system 110). For example, the database (not shown) of the system 110 stores customer profiles, including past hair characteristics and hair colors. For example, the database of the system 110 includes a customer profile for each customer who has visited the salon or used the system 110. In some embodiments, the customer profile includes an identifier for the customer (e.g., the customer's name, phone number, etc.) and details of previously measured or provided hair characteristics (e.g., one or more of hair health, color, type, density, thickness, permeability, range of gray, damage, moisture level, previous treatments, level of primary colors reflected by the hair, etc.). In some embodiments, the customer profile also includes details of previous hair dyeing sessions, including details regarding the initial starting hair color, the desired hair target color, the final hair color, and/or the dye composition and/or formulation applied to the customer's hair to transition from the initial hair color to the final hair color. In some embodiments, this data stored in or associated with the customer's profile can be used to improve future dyeing sessions of the customer's hair, since previous results and hair characteristics can be analyzed to identify changes that will be made in future dyeing sessions to ensure that the final color is closer to the hair target color, thereby improving future results for the customer (and therefore the stylist and salon).

In some embodiments, data stores in the database of the system 110 associated with each customer profile are also used collectively. For example, data for each customer may be anonymized and used to improve coloring of another customer of the system 110 who shares one or more of the initial hair color, the hair target color, or one or more hair characteristics. For example, a previous customer with an initial hair color having a first color value (and/or lightness value) and a desired hair target color having a second color value may have a first dye formulation applied to the customer's hair resulting in a final hair color having a third color value. A stylist with a next customer with an initial hair color of the same first color value and a desired hair target color having the same second color value may adjust the dye formulation to help ensure that the final color is closer to the target color. Adjustments made to the dye formulation may be informed by results from the previous customer and the similarities and/or differences in hair characteristics between the previous customer and the next customer. For example, if both the previous and next customer have permeable hair and the previous customer's final hair color was darker than the target color, the stylist may identify that the next customer's hair will absorb excess color (due to similar permeability) and adjust the next dye formulation to contain less color to attempt to approach the target color. Similarly, other similarities or differences in hair characteristics will inform how or whether the stylist adjusts the dye formulation.

By collectively using the hair characteristics of all customers of the system 110, the stylist (and/or the system 110) can use a large data set to prescribe and/or inform the dye formulation. By aggregating and/or analyzing the large data set and using machine learning or artificial intelligence processes, the system 110 can improve the results of the application of the dye formulation to the customer's hair by incorporating previous results and the hair characteristics that led to the previous results, improving through feedback and back-propagation loops over time. As more information becomes available for aggregation and analysis, improvements in the dye formulation will bring the target hair color closer to the final hair color.

6 is a network diagram of the multiple dye dispensing system 110 environment of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment. As mentioned above, the dye dispensing system 110 environment of FIG. 1 may correspond to or represent a salon or other facility where customers collaborate with stylists to dye the customers' hair. Furthermore, these individual salons or systems 110 may themselves be networked to allow communication of information between the different salons or systems 110. As shown in FIG. 6, the three systems 110 may be networked together via a network 210. Each of the first system 110a, the second system 110b, and the third system 110c may include a networked device 100 locally (e.g., within the system 110 or salon), and one or more mobile devices, etc., as described with reference to FIG. 1. Furthermore, the network 210 may connect the systems 110a-110c to a networked database 208. In some embodiments, the networked database 208 can operate as a centralized database where information (e.g., hair characteristics, initial hair color, target hair color, and final hair color from each customer of the systems 110a-110c, corresponding aspects that may affect the coloring results, etc.) is stored in a common, anonymized format. In some embodiments, the networked database 208 can also store customer profiles that allow customers to navigate to any of the systems 110a-110c and receive customized hair dyeing services based on their previous visits.

As discussed above, the hair characteristics of all customers of a single system 110 may be beneficial and/or informative in tailoring dye formulations for future customers based on the similarity of one or more of the initial hair color, hair target color, and one or more hair characteristics. By aggregating customer information from multiple systems 110 in the networked database 208, each of the networked systems 110a-110c has access to more information such that the systems 110a-110c can further improve tailoring to the dye formulations to better ensure that the final color from the dye session is as close as possible to the customer's target color. As more and more systems 110 are networked with the networked database 208 and store the customer's hair characteristics and dyeing session results (e.g., initial, target, and final hair color) in the networked database 208, the networked system 110 has improved resources to use when preparing future customer dye formulations by utilizing the customer's hair characteristics, initial hair color, and target hair color along with the information stored in the networked database 208 and analyses, models, etc. to better characterize the dye formulation so that the final color is as close to the target color as possible.

In some embodiments, the networked database 208 (or a distributed storage device, e.g., distributed to each system 110 but networked for access by all networked systems 110) can store the information captured by the scanner 111 of each system 110, as well as any manual or other input. The information in the networked database 208 (or distributed device) can be utilized by one or more remote data modules (described in more detail herein) to calculate the most likely outcome of the dyeing session using the input from the scanner 111. In some embodiments, the scanner 111 and color analysis module 216 generate and/or utilize a database of hair characteristics and/or a library of hair values (e.g., a lookup table of hair lightness values or other hair characteristics, etc., as described in more detail herein). The library or database can include details regarding how the hair characteristics affected the hair dyeing process, as described in more detail herein.

Using a lookup table as described above, the color analysis module 216 can use the data in the lookup table to identify the color of the scanned customer's hair (scanned by the scanner 111) or the color of the scanned swatch or sample. For example, the stylist (or customer) scans the customer's hair at three (or more, or less) different locations to identify measurements of various hair characteristics associated with the customer's hair. The three locations can include a root location on the customer's hair, a shaft location on the customer's hair, and a tip location on the customer's hair. The measurements from the scanner 111 can be communicated to the computing system 200. The color analysis module 216 can identify a single lightness and/or color value that corresponds to all three measurements of the customer's hair. For example, the color analysis module 216 (or the scanner 111) averages the lightness and/or color measurements from the three measurement locations to generate a single lightness and/or color measurement. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 (or the scanner 111) generates a median of the three lightness and/or color measurements as a single lightness and/or color measurement. In some embodiments, other calculations are used to determine the single lightness and/or color measurement. In some embodiments, the three lightness and/or color measurements and the single lightness and/or color measurement are stored in the mass storage device 222 or a network storage device.

Based on the determined single measurement, the color analysis module 216 references a lookup table to identify a hair color level (e.g., name, identifier, etc.) associated with the single measurement based on the single measurement being between the minimum and maximum levels for the particular hair color. For example, the color analysis module 216 identifies that the single measurement is L=34, and the color analysis module 216 references the lookup table to identify the hair color level that is between the minimum and maximum measurements to which L=34 corresponds. If color 8 has a maximum L value of 35 and a minimum L value of 30, the color analysis module 216 identifies that the customer's hair color level corresponds to color level 8. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 can calculate an exact hair color level based on the relationship between the single measurement and the minimum/maximum levels. For example, for a single measurement of L=34 with minimum and maximum L values of 30 and 35, respectively, the color analysis module 216 can determine that the customer's hair color level is 8.8 (30 reaches color level 8, then 4/5 reaches color level .8). The color analysis module 216 may round the 8.8 color level to the nearest whole (9) or half (8.5) color level. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 provides the identified color level for display to the customer or stylist via the UI of the computing system 200. The identified color level may be stored with the customer's profile or in addition to or instead of the mass storage device 222 or network storage. In some embodiments, the name or image of the color corresponding to the color level may be displayed via the UI for visual confirmation by the customer and/or stylist.

Alternatively, instead of determining a single measurement corresponding to the three measurements from the customer's hair, the color analysis module 216 may identify, from a lookup table, a color corresponding to the measurements from the three measurement locations. Thus, the color analysis module 216 may identify up to three different color levels (or more if more than three measurements are taken from the customer's hair) depending on how the measurements for each measurement location differ from one another.

The embodiments of the invention described herein further relate to systems and methods for identifying a dye formulation for a customer based on a desired hair color and then displaying to the customer an image or representation of the predicted hair color based on the identified formulation. As is known, a customer desiring a new hair color can have a particular hair goal color in mind. In some cases, the customer can bring a sample hair color to a stylist and ask the stylist to create a hair dye protocol and dye formulation that will result in hair that matches the sample hair color. However, it can sometimes be a challenge for the stylist to show the customer how the desired recipe or formulation will look when applied to the customer's hair, make adjustments in real time or near real time, adjust the dye formulation, and show the customer the results of the adjustments. One embodiment of the present invention is a system for displaying to a customer the hair colors that are likely to result from dyeing the customer's hair with a particular formulation. By modifying a particular formula on a display device, the stylist can show the customer a variety of different hair colors that will appear on the customer's hair after treatment. In one embodiment, the target hair color can be determined by measuring the target hair color from a printed or digital color sample and then creating a protocol and dye formulation to match the customer's hair color to the color sample.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the system includes a device for inputting a hair goal color and then measuring the customer's current hair measurements, e.g., regarding one or more of color tone, texture, and other hair characteristics. The system can then execute instructions to (1) determine the appropriate protocol and dye composition and/or formulation to place on the customer's hair to reach the desired hair goal color from the initial hair color, and/or (2) indicate the predicted final hair color given the dye formulation and input hair color.

In one embodiment, the predicted final hair color may be shown on a screen of an electronic device configured to show the predicted final hair color along with the customer's hair, face, and/or body. For example, a customer may wish to use a particular dye formulation that was previously used by a friend or someone who has referred the stylist to the customer (or family, etc.). In such an embodiment, the stylist may capture a photo of the customer and then overlay an expected final color based on the dye formulation and the customer's starting hair color. In some embodiments, the electronic device determines an appropriate dye composition and/or formulation to get the customer from the customer's initial hair color to the desired target color.

In another embodiment, a customer may bring in a photo or image containing the target color of the hair, and the stylist can use a device (e.g., a handheld scanner or similar device) to scan the photo or the hair color from the photo, identify the target color, and generate a formulation that will bring the target color of the hair to the customer's own hair. Since each customer's hair has unique characteristics such as color, health, etc., the dye formulation used for each customer to reach the same target color of hair may be different. Thus, the system can input all of the variables from the customer's own hair, calculate the predicted hair color, and display it on an electronic display so that the customer can confirm that the final appearance and color of the hair is the desired appearance. In one embodiment, a stylist can take a digital image of the customer, and the system can identify the parts of the image that are hair, modify the hair color according to various formulations determined by the system or input by the stylist, and display the final appearance of the dyed hair color to the customer.

In one embodiment, the device used to measure the customer's current or target hair color may be a colorimeter. In another embodiment, the device used to measure the customer's current or target hair color is a digital camera. However, other devices for measuring the customer's hair color are contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, a stylist can take a high-resolution photograph of the customer's hair placed adjacent to a printout or chart of a set of standard colors known to the system and perform an analysis of the customer's hair color within the digital image.

In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 (e.g., as described above) can provide analysis and output in various embodiments. For example, the color analysis module 216 can provide output when a customer or stylist has a formula for a hair dye composition or formulation that they would like to use but are not sure what the final color will look like when mixed. In such an embodiment, when a dye formulation is input into the system 110 (e.g., via the UI or similar input/output devices and interfaces 212), the color analysis module 216 inputs or reads which hair color, texture, etc. the input dye formulation is to be applied to, and then displays the resulting hair color, texture, etc. on the display of one of the mobile devices 112 (e.g., via the UI or input/output devices and interfaces 212). In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 applies the determined hair color, texture, etc. to an image of the customer, so that the customer can see how the results of the dye formulation are expected to look specifically on the customer's own hair. Thus, the color analysis module 216 can enable stylists and customers to see the expected final hair color, etc. before beginning the hair transformation process.

Additionally or alternatively, color analysis module 216 can provide results for when a customer has a desired hair color, including which specific dye ingredients should be mixed to get there (e.g., when color analysis module generates a dye formulation based on the desired hair color). In some embodiments, color analysis module 216 can work in conjunction with formulation module 218, as described in more detail herein.

In generating a hair color for display based on the provided dye formulation, the color analysis module 216 can perform multiple steps, some of which in conjunction with other components of the computing system 200 and/or the system 110. For example, the color analysis module 216 (or an external component) can create and/or access a library of spectral signatures for all colors of a particular hair color line or brand, or for many hair color lines or brands. In some embodiments, when creating a library (e.g., for all base colors, natural colors, and pure tones of a particular color brand or line), the scanner 111 and the color analysis module 216 generate a library of spectral values based on measurements of samples scanned using the scanner 111 and/or spectrophotometer. In some embodiments, the sample being measured may include dye applied at full concentration to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) wool cloth for 30 minutes prior to measurement. In some embodiments, the samples being measured have different dye concentrations, media (e.g., human hair, natural fabrics, synthetic fabrics, animal hair, etc.), or set times. In some embodiments, the spectral measurements may include measurements of dye spectral signatures and/or XYZ color or CIELAB values (e.g., lightness and/or color values). The measurements are stored in a library, for example in mass storage device 222, or in a local or networked database (not shown), along with the corresponding dye or color name or other identifier. This process can be repeated for all colors of a color brand or line, and/or for many or all color brands or lines, such that the resulting library can include a large database of colors and color information. Measurements stored in the color spectrum library can include wavelengths, etc., associated with specific color names.

Once the library exists, a stylist and/or customer can input a desired or known formulation into the computing system 200. For example, the desired or known formulation can be manually typed in via the input/output device or interface 212 or UI, or can be selected from a list of existing formulations. In some embodiments, the desired or known formulation can be scanned from another document, barcode, or the like. For example, the desired or known formulation can be 40g of 6N and 60g of RO. The known formulation includes gram weights for two different colors or components of a known dye formulation. The first gram weight is 40g and the second gram weight is 60g.

The color analysis module 216 can convert the gram weights of the known formulations to concentrations. Concentrations may include dye bath relative concentrations. Calculating the concentrations includes calculating the fraction of a whole for each of the identified colors. The color analysis module 216 can sum both gram weights (40g + 60g = 100g) and then divide each gram weight by the sum (40g/100g = 0.4 and 60g/100g = 0.6). Thus, the concentrations C1 and C2 are 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Depending on the known formulation, there may be N concentrations that are solved by the color analysis module 216.

Knowing the concentrations C1 and C2, the color analysis module 216 reviews the color spectrum library based on the color inputs 6N and RO. For example, 6N and RO can represent colors by one or more color brands or lines with information stored in the color spectrum library. In some embodiments, the color spectrum library can operate as a look-up table, and the color analysis module 216 can search for known color inputs in the spectrum library. As mentioned above, the measurements stored in the color spectrum library can include wavelengths associated with specific color names, etc. In some embodiments, the color spectrum library includes color spectrum signatures defined as R (in units of wavelength or nm). The R value can correspond to a reflectance value (e.g., color reflectance) for an opaque (infinite "optical thickness") material. Thus, based on the two color inputs 6N and RO, the color analysis module 216 identifies R values R1 and R2, respectively. For a known formulation having N colors and concentrations, N R values can be identified from the spectral color library.

The color analysis module 216 can convert the identified spectral signatures R1 and R2 into constants. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 can convert the identified spectral signatures R1 and R2 into a value F that represents absorption during scattering according to equation #1.

F = (1-R)2/2*R
Formula #1
Since the known formulation has two R values (R1 and R2), there are two F values (one for each R value). Thus, based on Equation #1, the color analysis module 216 generates two F values, F1 and F2. As described above, if N colors are included in the known formulation, the color analysis module 216 can generate N F values based on the N R values, and so on. Based on the determined concentrations and F values, the color analysis module 216 can generate a visual color of the known formulation. For example, the color analysis module 216 can multiply each concentration C1 and C2 with its corresponding F1 and F2 (F spectrum) value and sum the results for the entire known formulation. For the exemplary known formulation 40g 6N and 60g RO provided above, the color analysis module 216 generates a summed FMixed value based on Equation #2.

FMixed = C1 * F1 + C2 * F2
Equation #2
If there are N terms in a known formulation, the FMixed value is calculated by multiplying the values of C and F for all N terms and summing them.

The color analysis module 216 then converts the FMixed results back to a reflectance spectral signature using equation #3.

RMixed = 1 - FMixed - (2 * FMixed + FMixed 2) 1/2
Equation #3
The color analysis module 216 can then convert the RMixed spectral signature to an RGB color by one or more commonly understood conversion methods. The color analysis module 216 can communicate the generated RGB color for display on a UI or for presentation to a customer and/or stylist. In some embodiments, the RGB color is displayed on the UI (e.g., displayed on an image of the customer) so that the customer can see how the known formula is expected to look on the customer. In some embodiments, the customer and/or stylist can adjust aspects of the known formula (e.g., one or more of the gram weight or identified colors) to change the final predicted color as desired. In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 recalculates any changes to provide an updated image on the UI, etc., so that the customer and/or stylist can see the adjustments made to the known formula. This process can be repeated for any adjustments made to the known formula.

In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 may encounter special situations for certain colors in the spectral library. For example, in some known formulations, one or more concentrations and/or colors are ignored when calculating the FMixed and RMixed values. For example, if a known formulation contains one or both of the 00N and 12N color amounts, the color analysis module 216 may calculate the concentration differently than described above. For example, the color analysis module 216 may generate a visual color based on a known formulation containing either the 00N or 12N color and ignore the 00N or 12N term. Thus, the color analysis module 216 may calculate the concentration of the known equation 40g 6N along with the 60g 00N, ignoring the spectral signature of the 00N term, while dealing with the remaining color terms as described above. Thus, for the known formulations 40g 6N and 60g 00N, C1=40g/100g=. 4 and FMixed = C1 * F1.

With regard to converting the desired color into an appropriate dye formulation or formulation, the color analysis module 216 can use the color spectrum library described above. For example, based on all the colors and measurement (e.g., spectrum, etc.) information stored in the color spectrum library, the color analysis module 216 (or an external component) creates a large database of virtual mixes. For example, the color analysis module 216 or other components may create a virtual mix database (which may be stored in the mass storage device 222 or an external or networked database) based on running all combinations of possible colors and densities (e.g., up to four colors) in the color spectrum library. In some embodiments, the number of colors in the combination may be limited to three, five, or any other number. Given the color information in the color spectrum database, the virtual mix database is created to include generally possible formulations. The color analysis module 216 can find the closest matching formulation in the virtual mix database for the desired color (e.g., scanned with the scanner 111 or other optical scanner) by comparing the desired color with the colors in the virtual mix database and identifying the formulation from the closest color equivalent. In some embodiments, the match is calculated by the Delta E CMC (Color Measurement Committee) color difference equation.

Thus, the color analysis module 216 can identify mixtures in the virtual mix database that have the closest DE (delta E) CMC to the desired color. The identified mixtures can then be displayed on the UI or output to the formulation module 218. In some embodiments, the customer and/or stylist can make adjustments to the identified mixtures and formulations, and any changes can be updated in real time to show the expected final color based on the changes.

The color analysis module 216 thus provides more accurate and faster results for color and/or formulation determination, thereby avoiding the problems of mathematically predicting oxidative hair color mixing and trial and error in salons.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems and methods for preparing a dye service, having the appropriate amount and formulation of dye to be dispensed for the dye service, and applying the dye formulation to a customer's hair to facilitate the color application process. In some embodiments, identifying a dye formulation for the customer's dye service is based on the desired hair color and/or known dye formulations, as well as the customer's initial hair color. In some embodiments, the customer's hair characteristics are obtained and used in creating the customer's hair dye service. As is known, a customer desiring a new hair color may have a specific hair target color in mind. In some cases, a customer may bring a sample hair color to a stylist and ask the stylist to create a hair dye protocol and dye formulation that results in hair that matches the sample hair color. However, it can sometimes be a challenge for a stylist to manually generate, dispense, and apply a dye formulation to a customer's hair to obtain the hair target color without or with minimal trial and error. The methods and systems described herein allow for real-time, or near real-time, adjustments to adjust the dye formulation and show the results of the adjustments to the customer. One embodiment of the present invention is a system that displays to a customer the likely hair color that will result from dyeing the customer's hair with a particular formulation.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the system includes a device for inputting a hair goal color and then measuring the customer's current hair measurements, e.g., regarding one or more of color tone, texture, and other hair characteristics. The system can then (1) determine the appropriate protocol and dye composition and/or formulation to place on the customer's hair to reach the desired hair goal color from the initial hair color, and/or (2) dispense the dye composition and/or formulation, and/or (3) execute instructions to direct and/or facilitate the application of the dye composition and/or formulation to the customer's hair.

In some embodiments, the instructions help the stylist manage the process, time, technique, etc. of color application to the customer's hair.

In another embodiment, a customer may bring in a photograph or image containing the target hair color, and the stylist can use a device (e.g., a handheld scanner or similar device) to scan the photograph or the hair color from the photograph, identify the target color, and generate a formulation for the customer's own hair that will result in the target hair color. Because each customer's hair has unique characteristics such as color, health, etc., the dye formulation used for each customer to reach the same target hair color may be different. Thus, the system can input all of the variables from the customer's own hair and calculate and generate the appropriate dye formulation to apply to the customer's hair.

In one embodiment, the device used to measure the customer's current or target hair color may be a colorimeter. In another embodiment, the device used to measure the customer's current or target hair color is a digital camera. However, other devices for measuring the customer's hair color are contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, a stylist can take a high-resolution photograph of the customer's hair placed adjacent to a printout or chart of a set of standard colors known to the system and perform an analysis of the customer's hair color within the digital image.

The color analysis module can provide analysis and output in various embodiments. For example, if a customer or stylist has a formula for a hair dye composition or formulation that they would like to use but are not sure what the final color will look like when mixed, the color analysis module 216 can provide an output. In such an embodiment, when a dye formulation is input into the system 110 (e.g., via the UI or similar input/output devices and interfaces 212), the color analysis module 216 inputs or reads which hair color, texture, etc. the input dye formulation is to be applied to, and then displays the resulting hair color, texture, etc. on the display of one of the mobile devices 112 (e.g., via the UI or input/output devices and interfaces 212). In some embodiments, the color analysis module 216 applies the determined hair color, texture, etc. to an image of the customer, so that the customer can see how the results of the dye formulation are expected to look specifically on the customer's own hair. Thus, the color analysis module 216 can enable stylists and customers to see the expected final hair color, etc. before beginning the hair transformation process.

Additionally or alternatively, color analysis module 216 can provide results for when a customer has a desired hair color, including which specific dye ingredients should be mixed to get there (e.g., when color analysis module generates a dye formulation based on the desired hair color). In some embodiments, color analysis module 216 can work in conjunction with formulation module 218, as described in more detail herein.

The color analysis module 216 provides more accurate and faster results for color and/or formulation determination, thereby avoiding the problems of mathematically predicting oxidative hair color mixing and trial and error in salons.

In some embodiments, one or more of the devices 112 used by the stylists and/or customers may have an application that automates the hair dyeing service. In some embodiments, one or more of the mobile devices 112 may comprise one or more of a mobile phone, tablet, or personal computer. The application may include multiple separate components or functions, including a customer record keeping system, a laboratory for color design, customer applications, and dispenser/equipment management tools.

FIG. 7 is a screenshot of a customer record keeping system showing an exemplary customer list view of an application for automating hair dye services. This screen of the application shows a list of recent and all customers and provides the option to add a new customer or select other functions of the application (lab and/or dispenser/equipment). The application provides the selection of customer profile, hair color application, and/or customer history.

Figure 8 is a screenshot of a new customer information entry screen, for example, accessed via the screen shown in Figure 7. This screen provides the first step in the service process, which begins with creating a customer record that includes the name and contact information of a particular new customer. The information entered via the screen shown in Figure 8 may be stored by the application in a local database or a remote (or networked) database.

9-11 show screenshots of input screens for generating and/or updating a customer's hair profile and consultation information. For example, FIG. 9 shows that a profile tool in the application provides one or more templates for capturing and/or recording a customer's hair profile and generating consultation information. The profile tool can save any captured images or videos in association with the customer's profile and retain any captured images of the customer, as well as the customer's current hair style and color. FIG. 10 shows how different features or aspects and/or characteristics of the customer's hair (including length, density, permeability, type, and percentage of gray, whether the hair has been previously dyed or not) are stored in association with the hair profile. In some embodiments, as seen in FIG. 10, the information used to populate the customer's hair profile is obtained from visual observations made by the stylist and/or from a sensor device such as a camera, optical, or other sensor. This information may be stored in the hair profile using a sensor device linked to the application via a wired or wireless connection and used to determine the starting level or color of the customer's hair. FIG. 11 shows how different information about a customer's visit can be entered into the customer's profile via the consultation information template.

Figures 12-16 show screenshots of input screens for generating or preparing a color application for a customer. The color application design process can be initiated by tapping the "Create" command in Figure 12. Figure 13 shows a menu that appears after tapping "Create," which offers the stylist four options, including selecting one or more color formulas from a color library, designing a custom color in the lab (e.g., based on scanned, desired colors, etc.), creating a new application, or importing from an application library or customer history into a color application workspace associated with one or more customers, and/or editing a selected existing application. Figure 14 shows how, in some embodiments, a color library stores previously designed color formulas and allows a stylist (or another stylist or customer) to select one or more colors and select a "Use" command to move them into the customer application workspace. Figure 15 shows how the selected or library colors are displayed for each of the color formulas in the customer application workspace. A style list or customer can rearrange the sequence of color steps (i.e., colors displayed in top-to-bottom display order) by touching, holding, and dragging a step using the three-line icon next to the color image of the formula for that step. In some embodiments, a customer application, no matter how simple or complex, includes one or more steps, each having a common set of elements or protocols. The elements can include 1) the formula to be applied to the hair, 2) the amount of that formula, 3) the location where the formula is applied to the hair, 4) a) permanent, b) demi, c) toner, d) gloss, or e) semi-permanent range, and 5) one or more additives such as co-binders, as shown in FIG. 16. In some embodiments, a customer application can be organized into such a set of one or more steps.

17-19 show screenshots of screens for tracking the dispensing of a color application for a customer. As shown in FIG. 16, once the customer application is completed, the customer or stylist can select the "Dispense" command to send the formula for the color application to the device 100, and the stylist or assistant can initiate the process of outputting the chemicals identified in the color application dye formula via the touch screen on the device 100 (e.g., via panel 106). In some embodiments, the chemicals for the color application dye formula are automatically dispensed to the container 154, or when the container 154 is detected. The customer application workspace transitions from the application creation process to the application service process, during which the color application is dispensed and applied to the customer's hair. At this point in the process, additional items are shown on the screen, including an elapsed time timer, a rinse timer, and the option/ability to take before and after customer photos. Also, each step of the color application process is numbered to provide a clear sense of the proper sequence of steps to achieve the target color of the hair. FIG. 18 shows that when the "Dispense" command is executed or selected, the dispense tool shows the queued formula by the customer's name along with the selected hair location (if any), and shows an image of the formula color along with the option to remove the formula (e.g., by selecting the trash icon). In FIG. 19, the screen shows the processing state queued for distribution or service. The stylist can use this screen to duplicate and/or delete steps.

20-24 show screenshots of screens for tracking the application of color dispensed to the customer's hair and associated applications, and/or rinse timers. FIG. 20 shows that when formula is dispensed to any of the steps associated with the customer application, the elapsed time timer and rinse timer begin counting up and down, respectively. The step for the currently dispensed formula now shows an "Apply" command that, when started, counts the number of seconds during which the stylist applies the currently dispensed formula to the customer's hair according to the application. As shown in FIG. 21, a "More" command may appear or be requested to allow the stylist to dispense more of the same formula if necessary to complete the application of the currently dispensed formula to the defined target area. When the "More" command is selected, an additional amount of dye is added to the queue of the device 100 and dispensed by the device 100 after being added to the customer application service screen. In some embodiments, a colored square is shown around the color image depicting the color of the dispensed formula, which indicates the color of the container 154 containing the formula for that step (e.g., the color of the square). In some embodiments, color information of the reservoir 154 is provided to the application using one or more sensors located within the device 100. The "Rinse" command, when executed, appears to stop all timers at all steps, including elapsed time, rinse, application, and processing timers. FIG. 22 shows that when the "Apply" command from FIG. 20 is selected, the word "Applying" appears on the screen and the timers start counting up. FIG. 23 shows that once the color is fully applied to the target area of the hair, the stylist or assistant or customer can select the "Applying" command, which stops the "Apply" timer and starts the processing timer. The amount of time that the color is present on the customer's hair after the application step is directly related to the resulting tone. The device can calculate the amount of time that the color will process on the customer's hair to reach the target tone result. FIG. 24 shows that when the stylist selects the "Rinse" command, all timers are stopped and the screen displays the total application and processing time for the customer application. This information is maintained within the system and made available to stylists and/or other operators of the device 100 who can use the information to improve the stylist's skills and results for the client.

FIG. 25 shows a screenshot of a customer history screen, including applications to a customer's hair. Upon completion of a color application service, a record of the service, including date, type of application service, and a service quality rating, is recorded in the customer's customer history. In some embodiments, the application may generate an email, text message, or other notification to send to the customer, providing an opportunity to give feedback about the stylist, care, dye process, salon, etc., which may pre-populate a service rating for each of the above. In some embodiments, a stylist may select an application in the customer history and execute a "Use" command to use the application on the same or a different customer.

26-28 show screenshots of screens for generating a new color for application to a customer's hair. As shown in FIG. 26, when a stylist selects the "Create" command as described above during the customer application creation process, the stylist can further select the "Create Color" option. Such selection can display the "Create Color" screen of FIG. 26, which is part of the lab tool introduced above. The "Create Color" tool is a unique and powerful capability that allows a stylist and/or customer or other operator to create a tone using formula elements from one or more hair color brands or lines and immediately see what the resulting tone will look like. In some embodiments, the resulting tone can be displayed to the customer to show how the hair tone will look on the customer (e.g., overlaid on the customer's hair). In some embodiments, as the stylist adds or adjusts the amounts of certain formula elements to the created formula, one or more algorithms calculate the resulting tone, which is displayed for the stylist. The formula can then be sent to the device 100 using the "Swatch" command, copied to the customer's application workspace with the "Use" command, or persisted in a named library with the "Save" command. In some embodiments, the "Create Color" tool provides the stylist with the ability to view the results of a selected set of mixable hair color lines in a particular combination as applied to the customer's hair. In some embodiments, the "Create Color" tool provides the stylist with the ability to present a set of hair colors to select from a color space using a color wheel, as shown in FIG. 28. The screen of FIG. 28 shows that the stylist or customer can select a lightness level that represents a range of lightness defined by the L value in the CIELAB color space, and then tap anywhere on the color wheel to select a hair color level. A navigation arrow setting can provide the stylist and/or customer with the ability to perform fine navigation through the color space of the color wheel.

FIG. 29 shows a screen where a color application can be selected for a customer. As mentioned above, the applications described herein include allowing for the organization of customer color applications into ordered steps. In some embodiments, the applications include a library of predefined customer application types. In some embodiments, each color application is unique compared to all other color applications according to the number of steps, the location on the hair where each step is applied, and the unique configuration of each step. During the "creation" process of a customer application, the stylist can select from a library of predefined applications.

In some embodiments, the stylist is provided with the option from the "Create" command to edit an existing color application, allowing the stylist to customize the color application type. If the color application is unique in its configuration, the stylist can name the type of application that the stylist designs. The application further gives the stylist the ability to publish the colors and applications they design on social media platforms. In addition to the capabilities described above, the lab tool includes the ability to use the "Convert" command to see a list of hair color suppliers and the named lines of hair color tones that they offer. The stylist has the option to select from a list of suppliers, as shown in FIG. 30, which shows a screen of the available color conversion tool. This may allow a color from one brand or line to be converted to a similar color of another brand or line. FIG. 31 shows a screen that allows the stylist to access a menu of color options and select a specific tone. The stylist can then select a specific item and see in FIG. 32 its tone and a formulation that recreates the selected tone using another brand's color as a formulation element. The stylist can then select from one of four commands, including a "Use" command to use the tone in a customer's application, a "Swatch" command to output the formula to the device 100 where it can be applied to ISO fabric or hair to see the actual color, a "Map" command to see the tone on a color wheel, or a "Customize" command to pull the formula into the Create Color Tool in the lab.

The application described herein provides a variety of benefits, including enabling storage, retention, and retrieval of one or more customer hair profiles, consultations, application service processes, formulations, and resulting images, real-time hair color tone design and customization, color space visualization, and selection from within the color space. The application provides automated step-by-step customer application service tools, automated application control of computerized dispensers for precise dispensing control, and a library of colors in which stylist-designed formulations can be stored or drawn from existing libraries that may include contributions from other stylists. The application also provides a library of application types with assistance and training information to improve stylists' skills, the ability to select from a wide range of tones offered by other hair color suppliers and replicate them using colors from other brands, the ability for stylists and managers to recall records that can be used for quality control and training purposes, the ability to recall formulas and applications from customer history records, the ability to accurately replicate formulas, tones, and applications to provide consistent results to customers, the ability of the application to assist stylists by recommending courses of action or identifying steps that may produce results other than what the stylist is attempting to achieve, and the ability to design customer applications from a remote location prior to the application service process and send the formula to the device 100 for subsequent dispensing. The application also provides the ability to name the designed color, share the designed color and application with other stylists or customers on social media, and dispense sample quantities for testing on ISO fabrics and hair, record those results using sensor technology, and retain that information for subsequent use.

Although the present specification has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that those skilled in the art, upon achieving the foregoing understanding, can readily conceive of modifications, variations, and equivalents of these embodiments. These and other modifications and variations to the present invention may be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the present invention. Accordingly, the present subject matter is intended to encompass such modifications and variations.

<Additional embodiments>
As used herein, "system,""instrument,""apparatus," and "device" generally encompass both hardware (e.g., mechanical and electronic) and, in some implementations, associated software (e.g., specialized computer programs for graphics control) elements.

It should be understood that not necessarily all objectives or advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment described herein. Thus, for example, one skilled in the art will recognize that a particular embodiment may be configured to operate in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other objectives or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

Each process, method, and algorithm described in the previous section may be embodied in a code module executed by one or more computer systems or computer processors, including computer hardware, and may be fully or partially automated by the code module. The code module may be stored in any type of non-transitory computer-readable medium or computer storage device, such as a hard drive, solid-state memory, optical disk, and/or the like. The systems and modules may also be transmitted as a generated data signal (e.g., as part of a carrier wave or other analog or digital propagating signal) over a variety of computer-readable transmission media, including wireless-based and wired/cable-based media, and may take a variety of forms (e.g., as part of a single or multiplexed analog signal, or as multiple discrete digital packets or frames). The processes and algorithms may be implemented in part or in whole in application-specific circuitry. The results of the disclosed processes and process steps may be stored, persistently, or otherwise in any type of non-transitory computer storage, such as, for example, volatile or non-volatile storage.

Many other variations beyond those described herein will be apparent from this disclosure. For example, depending on the embodiment, certain operations, events, or functions of any of the algorithms described herein may be performed in a different sequence, added, merged, or omitted entirely (e.g., not all of the operations or events described are necessary to the implementation of the algorithm). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, operations or events may be performed simultaneously rather than sequentially, e.g., by multithreading, interrupt processing, or multiple processors or processor cores, or on other parallel architectures. Furthermore, different tasks or processes may be performed by different machines and/or computing systems that may function in conjunction.

The various example logic blocks, modules, and algorithmic elements described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various example components, blocks, modules, and parts have been described herein generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the system. The described functionality may be implemented in various ways for each particular application, and such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

The various features and processes described herein may be used independently of one another or may be combined in various ways. All possible combinations and subcombinations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, certain method or process blocks may be omitted in some implementations. The methods and processes described herein are also not limited to any particular sequence, and the blocks or states associated therewith may be performed in other sequences as appropriate. For example, the described blocks or states may be performed in an order other than the order specifically disclosed, or multiple blocks or states may be combined into a single block or state. The example blocks or states may be performed serially, in parallel, or in some other manner. Blocks or states may be added to or deleted from the disclosed example embodiments. The example systems and components described herein may be configured differently than described. For example, components may be added, removed, or rearranged as compared to the disclosed example embodiments.

The various example logic blocks and modules described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed by a machine, such as a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor ("DSP"), an application specific integrated circuit ("ASIC"), a field programmable gate array ("FPGA") or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be a controller, microcontroller, or state machine, combinations of the same, or the like. A processor may include electrical circuitry configured to process computer-executable instructions. In another embodiment, the processor includes an FPGA or other programmable device that performs logical operations without processing computer-executable instructions. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or other such configurations. Although described herein primarily with respect to digital technology, the processor may include primarily analog components. For example, some or all of the signal processing algorithms described herein may be implemented with analog circuitry or mixed analog and digital circuitry. The computing environment may include any type of computer system, including, but not limited to, a microprocessor-based computer system, a mainframe computer, a digital signal processor, a portable computing device, a device controller, or a computing engine within an appliance, to name a few.

The components of the methods, processes, or algorithms described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly in hardware, or in software modules stored in one or more memory devices and executed by one or more processors, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, media, or physical computer storage known in the art. An example storage medium may be connected to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The storage medium may be volatile or non-volatile. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may reside as separate components in a user terminal.

In particular, conditional language such as "may," "can," "would," or "may," unless specifically stated otherwise or understood otherwise by the context in which it is used, is generally intended to convey that a particular embodiment includes certain features, elements, and/or steps while other embodiments do not. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, and/or steps are in any way required by one or more embodiments, or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for determining whether those features, elements, and/or steps should be included or performed in any particular embodiment, with or without user input or prompting.

As used herein, a "data storage system" may be implemented in a computing system utilizing hard disk drives, solid state memory, and/or any other type of non-transitory computer-readable storage media accessible to or accessible by an apparatus, such as an access apparatus, server, or other computing device described. The data storage system may additionally or alternatively be distributed or partitioned across multiple local and/or remote storage devices, as known in the art, without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In yet other embodiments, the data storage system may include or be embodied in a data storage web service.

As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can include calculation, computing, processing, deriving, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), and verifying, etc. Also, "determining" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc. Also, "determining" can include resolving, selecting, choosing, confirming, etc.

As used herein, the term "selectively" or "selective" may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, a "selective" process may include determining an option from a plurality of options. A "selective" process may include one or more of dynamically determined, preconfigured, or user-initiated inputs to make the decision. In some implementations, n input switches may be included to provide the selection function, where n is the number of inputs used to make the selection.

As used herein, the term "providing" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "providing" can include storing a value in a location for subsequent retrieval, sending a value directly to a recipient, sending or storing a reference to a value, etc. "Providing" can also include encoding, decoding, encrypting, decrypting, verifying, verifying, etc.

As used herein, the term "message" encompasses a wide variety of formats for communicating (e.g., sending or receiving) information. A message may include a machine-readable collection of information, such as an XML document, a fixed-field message, a comma-separated message, etc. In some implementations, a message may include a signal utilized to transmit one or more representations of information. Although described in the singular, it will be understood that a message may be composed, transmitted, stored, received, etc., of multiple parts.

As used herein, a "user interface" (also referred to as an interactive user interface, graphical user interface, or UI) can refer to a network-based interface that includes data fields and/or other controls for receiving input signals or providing electronic information and/or for providing information to a user in response to any received input signals. The UI can be implemented in whole or in part using technologies such as HTML, ADOBE®, FLASH®, JAVA®, MICROSOFT®.NET®, web services, and rich site summary (RSS). In some implementations, the UI may be included in a stand-alone client (e.g., thick client, fat client) configured to communicate (e.g., send and receive results) according to one or more of the described aspects.

Disjunctive language, such as the phrase "at least one of X, Y, and Z," is understood apart from the context in which it is generally used to indicate that an item, term, etc. may be X, Y, or Z, or any combination thereof (e.g., X, Y, and/or Z), unless otherwise indicated. Thus, such disjunctive language is generally not intended and should not imply that a particular embodiment requires that at least one of X, at least one of Y, or at least one of Z, respectively, be present.

Any process description, element, or block in the flow diagrams described herein and/or shown in the accompanying drawings should be understood as potentially representing a module, segment, or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or step in the process. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, depending on the functionality involved, alternative implementations in which elements or functions may be omitted and performed in a different order than shown, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order, are included within the scope of the embodiments described herein.

Unless otherwise noted, articles such as "a" or "an" should generally be construed to include one or more listed items. Thus, phrases such as "a device configured" are intended to include one or more listed devices. Such one or more listed devices may also be collectively configured to perform the listed enumerations. For example, "a processor configured to perform enumerations A, B, and C" may include a first processor configured to perform enumeration A working in conjunction with a second processor configured to perform enumerations B and C.

All of the methods and processes described herein may be implemented in software code modules executed by one or more general-purpose computers and may be partially or fully automated. For example, the methods described herein may be executed by a computing system and/or any other suitable computing device. The methods may be executed on a computing device in response to execution of software instructions or other executable code read from a tangible computer-readable medium. A tangible computer-readable medium is a data storage device that can store data readable by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable media include read-only memory, random access memory, other volatile or non-volatile memory devices, CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, flash drives, and optical data storage devices.

It should be emphasized that many variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein, and that the elements should be understood to be among other acceptable examples. All such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure. The foregoing description details certain embodiments. However, no matter how detailed the foregoing appears in text, it will be understood that the systems and methods can be implemented in many ways. Also, as described herein, the use of a particular term when describing a particular feature or aspect of the systems and methods should not be construed as implying that the term is redefined herein to be limited to include any particular characteristic of the feature or aspect of the systems and methods with which the term is associated.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information, messages, and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

Claims (21)

a scanning device for measuring the customer's hair color;
a database containing hair color measurements taken from a plurality of previous customers;
a first input for reading a measured color from the scanning device;
a processor configured to compare the measured color to a desired hair target color and develop a dyeing protocol for changing the customer's hair color to the desired target color based on a comparison of the customer's hair, the desired target hair color, and a database of hair color measurements from previous customers ; and a hair dye dispensing system having a dispenser that dispenses one or more formulations in accordance with the protocol. the scanning device comprises one or more of a colorimeter, a spectrum analyzer, a camera, a video camera, a digital imaging device, an image scanner, a frequency information capture device, and an optical scanner;
The system of claim 1 . the scanning device is configured to scan the customer's hair and measure one or more of hair type, hair density, hair permeability, hair moisture level, and percentage of gray;
The system of claim 2. a memory circuit configured to store a library of lightness values including measurements of each hair color produced by one or more formulations dispensed by the dispenser;
The system of claim 1 . the library comprising a look-up table containing maximum and minimum lightness values for each hair color produced by the one or more formulations dispensed by the dispenser;
The system of claim 4. measuring the color of the customer's hair includes measuring a lightness of the customer's hair, and reading the measured color from the scanning device includes reading the measured lightness.
The system of claim 5. comparing the measured color to the desired hair target color includes comparing the measured lightness to minimum and maximum lightness values in the look-up table to identify the measured color.
The system of claim 6. the hair dye dispensing system further comprising a second input for receiving the desired hair target color from one or more of a user interface and a scanning device.
The system of claim 1 . The hair dye dispensing system further includes a second input for receiving one or more measurements of a customer's final hair color, the processor being further configured to identify a difference between the customer's final hair color and the desired hair target color.
The system of claim 1 . The processor is further configured to update the one or more formulations based at least in part on the identified differences and correlate the updated one or more formulations within a profile of the customer.
The system of claim 9. the database further comprising one or more characteristics of hair of the plurality of previous customers;
the scanning device is further configured to measure one or more characteristics of the customer's hair;
The first input further includes reading the one or more characteristics from the scanning device;
the processor is configured to develop the dyeing protocol based on a comparison of the measured one or more characteristics from the scanning device and the one or more characteristics of hair of the plurality of previous customers.
The system of claim 1 . the one or more characteristics include one or more of hair health, hair color, hair type, hair density, hair thickness, hair permeability, hair moisture level, hair damage, previous formulations applied to the hair, and hair gray percentage;
The system of claim 11. the hair dye dispensing system further comprising a second input for receiving one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color;
the processor is further configured to store the received one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color in the database.
The system of claim 11. the hair dye dispensing system further comprising a second input for receiving one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color;
the processor is further configured to update the database based on the received one or more measurements of the customer's final hair color.
The system of claim 11. The processor is further configured to develop future dyeing protocols based at least in part on updates to the database.
The system of claim 14. Developing the future dyeing protocol includes improving the future dyeing protocol as compared to the dyeing protocol to compensate for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair.
The system of claim 15. and compensating for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair includes applying a model to determine how to develop the future dyeing protocol to compensate for the one or more characteristics of the customer's hair, taking into account the desired hair target color.
17. The system of claim 16. the hair dye dispensing system further comprising a network interface configured to enable communication with one or more of the database or another hair dye dispensing system;
The system of claim 11. the hair dye dispensing system is located within a first salon and another hair dye dispensing system is located within a second salon distinct from the first salon and remote from the first salon, the hair dye dispensing system accessing a customer profile of a customer different from the customer of the customer profile accessed by the other hair dye dispensing system;
20. The system of claim 18. the processor is further configured to generate a customer profile for the customer and store the customer profile in the database, the customer profile including one or more measurements of the measured color, the one or more characteristics from the scanning device, the desired hair target color, the customer's final hair color, and an identifier for the customer.
The system of claim 11. The database is trained in a neural network to identify the one or more formulations that achieve the desired final hair color.
The system of claim 1 .