JP7468137B2 - Display body - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a display.

Conventionally, displays capable of displaying three-dimensional images by holograms have been used in products and other articles to prove that the products are genuine (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Also, instead of holograms, diffraction gratings have sometimes been used to display three-dimensional images (see Patent Documents 3 and 4). Displays that display three-dimensional images by holograms or diffraction gratings are difficult to counterfeit or copy.

JP 2001-109362 A JP 2010-139673 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-281804 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-104211

Three-dimensional images displayed using holograms or diffraction gratings are becoming less unique as a result of their widespread use for anti-counterfeiting purposes.

The present invention aims to provide a display device that can display special three-dimensional images using a hologram or a diffraction grating.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image, wherein when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first object is entirely restored to within a distance range from the display surface of 4 mm or less, and a second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second object is entirely restored to within a distance range from the display surface of 5 mm or more , and wherein images of one or more objects included in the three-dimensional image are displayed by a hologram, and images of one or more other objects included in the three-dimensional image are displayed by a diffraction grating .

Here, the term "three-dimensional image" refers to an image that gives the observer a sense of depth due to binocular parallax or motion parallax. Also, the term "diffraction image" refers to an image displayed by a hologram or a diffraction grating.

A display that uses binocular parallax to display a three-dimensional image as a diffraction image is designed to display parallax images with slightly different imaging angles for the right and left eyes of an observer when illuminated with parallel light. On the other hand, a display that uses motion parallax to display a three-dimensional image as a diffraction image is designed to sequentially display parallax images with slightly different imaging angles for each of the observer's right and left eyes when illuminated with parallel light and the observation angle is changed while keeping the illumination direction constant. In this way, a display that displays a three-dimensional image as a diffraction image is designed to display, for example, a single parallax image for each of the observer's right and left eyes when illuminated with parallel light.

However, in general, the light that enters a display in an indoor environment is diffuse light that includes light from light sources such as indoor lighting. Therefore, illumination light enters the display at various angles. And while direct light that is directly irradiated onto the display from light sources such as indoor lighting has the highest intensity, indirect light that enters the display after being reflected by walls, ceilings, etc. is not low in intensity either. Therefore, in such an environment, a display employing the above design displays multiple parallax images for each of the observer's right and left eyes.

As described above, according to a display according to one aspect of the present invention, the first three-dimensional object is restored to a position closer to the display surface than the second three-dimensional object. Because such a design is adopted, the shape and position of the image of the first object do not change significantly even if the illumination angle or observation angle is changed slightly. Therefore, the multiple parallax images that the display displays to the right or left eye of the observer may include a parallax image generated by direct light and one or more parallax images that are approximately equal in shape and position to the parallax image generated by direct light.

In these parallax images, the images of the first object are approximately the same in shape and position, so one or more other parallax images may also contribute to the display of the image of the first object in the parallax image that should be generated by direct light. Therefore, even if the multiple parallax images that this display displays to the right or left eye of the observer include one or more parallax images in which the shape and position of the image of the first object is significantly different from the parallax image generated by direct light, the parallax image that should be generated by direct light is much brighter than those parallax images. Therefore, this display displays the image of the first object brightly and clearly even under illumination conditions with diffuse light.

In addition, according to a display according to one aspect of the present invention, the second three-dimensional object is restored to a position farther from the display surface than the first three-dimensional object. Since such a design is adopted, the image of the second object changes its shape and position significantly with only a slight change in the illumination angle or observation angle. Therefore, the multiple parallax images displayed by this display to the right or left eye of the observer hardly include parallax images in which the shape and position of the image of the second object are approximately equal to the parallax image generated by direct light. Therefore, the multiple parallax images displayed by this display to the right or left eye of the observer behave as noise with respect to each other. Therefore, under illumination conditions with diffuse light, this display does not display the image of the second object, or if it does display it, it displays it darkly and unclearly.

In addition, when this display is illuminated with high-intensity parallel light or divergent or convergent light close to it, the display displays multiple parallax images to the right or left eye of the observer, for example, only one, or only multiple parallax images in which the images of the first and second objects are approximately equal in shape and position. Light from a point light source such as a light-emitting diode is usually divergent light close to parallel light, if only light propagating toward the display is considered. When the display is placed at a position closer to the display than the above-mentioned light source and the point light source is brought closer to the display, the effect of the light from the point light source on the display becomes relatively large compared to the effect of diffuse light from a light source such as indoor lighting on the display. Therefore, when this display is illuminated with a point light source from a position sufficiently close to it, even in an indoor environment, not only the image of the first object but also the image of the second object is displayed brightly and clearly.

As described above, when this display is illuminated by diffuse light from indoor lighting or the like, it does not display the image of the second object, or if it does display it, it displays it dimly and unclearly. However, when this display is illuminated by a point light source located sufficiently close, it displays the image of the second object. Therefore, in this display, the image of the second object can be recorded as a latent image.

Furthermore, a person who is unaware of the above phenomenon is unlikely to adopt the latter lighting conditions in order to observe the image displayed by the display body. The image of the first object is displayed not only under the latter lighting conditions, but also under the former lighting conditions. Therefore, the image of the first object makes it difficult to realize that this display body can display the image of the second object.

In this way, the display can display special three-dimensional images using holograms or diffraction gratings.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to any of the above aspects, in which the first three-dimensional object is entirely restored within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface. When illuminated by diffuse light from indoor lighting or the like, such a display displays the image of the first object brighter and clearer.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to any one of the above aspects, in which the portion of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is at a distance of 0.5 mm or more from the display surface. This distance is preferably 2 mm or more. The greater this distance, the stronger the three-dimensional effect felt by the observer due to motion parallax.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a display according to the above aspect is provided, in which the three-dimensional image further includes an image of a third object, and when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, the third three-dimensional object corresponding to the third object is restored in its entirety within the display surface. With this configuration, more complex displays are possible.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to the above aspect, in which the image of the first object and the image of the second object are displayed by a hologram, and the image of the third object is displayed by a diffraction grating. In this case, the image of the third object may be a two-dimensional image, rather than a three-dimensional image that gives the observer a sense of stereoscopic sensation through parallax images.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to any of the above aspects, in which the brightness of the image of the second object at the observation angle at which the image of the third object is displayed most brightly is 1/10 or less than the brightness of the image of the second object at the observation angle at which the image of the second object is displayed most brightly, and the brightness of the image of the third object at the observation angle at which the image of the second object is displayed most brightly is 1/10 or less than the brightness of the image of the third object at the observation angle at which the image of the third object is displayed most brightly. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to cause the displayed image to be switched in response to a change in the observation angle.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a display according to any of the above aspects is provided in which the first three-dimensional object is entirely restored within the display surface. In this manner, the position at which the first three-dimensional object is restored may be within the display surface. Alternatively, the position at which the first three-dimensional object is restored may be in front of the display surface or behind the display surface.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to the above aspect, in which the image of the first object is displayed by a diffraction grating, and the image of the second object is displayed by a hologram. In this case, the image of the first object may be a two-dimensional image, rather than a three-dimensional image that gives the observer a sense of stereoscopic sensation through parallax images.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to any of the above aspects, in which the second three-dimensional object is entirely restored within a distance of 5 mm or more from the display surface. With this display, the image of the second object is less recognizable when illuminated by diffuse light from indoor lighting or the like.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a display according to any of the above aspects is provided, in which the portion of the second three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is at a distance of 30 mm or less from the display surface. This distance is preferably 10 mm or less.

If this distance is increased, a special light source that emits parallel light is required to display the image of the second object. Furthermore, if the second three-dimensional object includes a portion that is excessively far from the display surface, the position of the corresponding portion in the image of the second object will change significantly with even a slight change in the observation direction. This makes it difficult to set the conditions necessary to observe the image of the second object.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device relating to any of the above aspects, comprising a relief layer having a relief structure for displaying the three-dimensional image on one main surface, and a reflective layer at least partially covering an area of the main surface on which the relief structure is provided, wherein the display surface is the surface of the reflective layer or the interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer.
A display member employing a configuration in which a three-dimensional structure is displayed using a relief structure can be manufactured with high productivity.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display body relating to any of the above aspects, further comprising a printing layer facing the display surface, the printing layer producing a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display body.
A display employing this configuration is capable of displaying three-dimensional images, and also allows the viewer to feel a special tactile sensation due to the protrusions that the printing layer creates on the surface of the display.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the indicator according to the above aspect, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within a range of 5 to 40 μm.
If the height of the protrusions is small, it becomes difficult for a viewer to sense the presence of these protrusions by touch when he or she touches the surface of the display, whereas if the height of the protrusions is excessively large, blocking is likely to occur.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a display according to any of the above aspects is provided, in which the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction.

When a viewer touches the surface of a display employing this configuration, the viewer can easily sense the presence of the convex portions by touch. This configuration is also suitable for making visible parts of a three-dimensional image that are hidden by a line pattern by slightly rotating the display around an axis that is approximately parallel to the length of the line pattern. For example, when a display is observed from the front with a distance from the display surface to the first solid object of 1 mm (observed at an observation angle of 0°) and when observed at an observation angle of 10°, the position of the image of the first object changes by approximately 0.17 mm. Therefore, if the width of the line pattern is sufficiently small, parts of the three-dimensional image that are hidden by the line pattern become visible.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display according to the above aspect, in which the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within the range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

With this configuration, adjacent line patterns are less likely to connect. In addition, when a viewer touches the surface of a display employing this configuration, the presence of the convex portions can be easily sensed by touch. Furthermore, this configuration is suitable for making visible portions of a three-dimensional image that are hidden by the line pattern by slightly rotating the display around an axis that is approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the line pattern.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transfer foil comprising a transfer material layer including a display body according to any of the above aspects, and a support that supports the transfer material layer in a peelable manner.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adhesive label comprising a display body according to any of the above aspects and an adhesive layer provided on the display body.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article with a display body, comprising a display body according to any of the above aspects and an article supporting the display body.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the display shown in FIG. 1. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a positional relationship in a virtual space between the display body of FIGS. 1 and 2, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed by the display body, and an observer. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a first lighting condition. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed from substantially the front under a first illumination condition; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the right under a first illumination condition; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the left under a first illumination condition; FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a second lighting condition. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed from substantially the front under a second illumination condition. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the right under a second illumination condition. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the left under a second illumination condition. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display bodies of FIGS. 1 and 2 and first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed thereby; FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a display according to a first modified example. 14 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display device in FIG. 13 under certain conditions. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing images displayed by the display device in FIG. 13 under other conditions. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a transfer foil. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an adhesive label. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of an article with a display member.

Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is a more specific embodiment of one of the above aspects. Elements having the same or similar functions are given the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

<Display body>
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a display according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the display shown in Fig. 1.

In the figure, the X direction and the Y direction are parallel to the main surface of the display body 10 and are perpendicular to each other. The Z direction is perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction. In other words, the Z direction is the thickness direction of the display body 10.

A display 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a relief layer 11, a reflective layer 12, and a protective layer 13.
The relief layer 11 is made of a material having optical transparency, for example, a colorless and transparent material. A relief structure RS that displays a three-dimensional image as a diffraction image is provided on the main surface of the relief layer 11 on the side of the reflective layer 12. Here, the relief structure RS is provided only in a partial region of the main surface. Of the main surface of the relief layer 11, the region where the relief structure RS is provided is a first region R1, a part of the region where the relief structure RS is not provided is a second region R2, and the remaining region is a third region.

Here, the first region R1 has an elliptical shape extending in the X direction. The second region R2 surrounds the first region R1. The third region extends along an edge of the relief layer 11 parallel to the Y direction. The main surface of the relief layer 11 does not have to include at least one of the second region R2 and the third region.

The relief structure RS may be a surface relief hologram or a diffraction grating. In the former case, the relief structure RS may have the structure described in, for example, WO 2017/209113. In the latter case, the relief structure RS may have the structure described in, for example, JP 6-281804 A or JP 7-104211 A.

The relief structure RS displays a three-dimensional image as a diffractive image, as described above. The relief structure RS may be designed to display a monochromatic image or a multi-chromatic image. The three-dimensional image displayed by the relief structure RS will be described in more detail below.

The reflective layer 12 covers the first region R1 and the second region R2. The reflective layer 12 is a patterned metal layer. The portion of the reflective layer 12 that covers the relief structure RS has a conformal shape with respect to the relief structure.

The protective layer 13 covers the reflective layer 12 and has the same shape as the reflective layer 12. The protective layer 13 is a layer that is used as an etching mask when patterning the metal layer into the reflective layer 12. The protective layer 13 can be omitted.

This display 10 is capable of displaying special three-dimensional images using a hologram or a diffraction grating, as described below.

Figure 3 shows an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display of Figures 1 and 2, the first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed by them, and the observer.

The relief structure RS of the display body 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 are restored when the three-dimensional objects are three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image it displays, as shown in Figure 3. Specifically, the relief structure RS is designed so that the entire first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface, and the entire second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored within a distance of 5 mm or more from the display surface.

Here, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 has a disk shape, and its thickness direction is parallel to the Z direction. Also, here, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 has a star shape with a thicker center than the periphery, and its thickness direction is parallel to the Z direction.

Each of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to a position in front of the display surface of the display body 10 as seen by the observers OB1 to OB3 who are observing the display body 10, and is moved away from the display surface. Here, the display surface of the display body 10 is a plane that is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display body 10 and on which the interface between the relief layer 11 and the reflective layer 12 is located.

The first three-dimensional object TOD1 is entirely restored to within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface. The second three-dimensional object TOD2 is entirely restored to within a distance of 5 mm or more from the display surface.

The portion of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 that does not face any of the observers OB1 to OB3 is not three-dimensionally restored. Also, the portion of the second three-dimensional object TOD2 that does not face any of the observers OB1 to OB3 is not three-dimensionally restored.

The three-dimensional reconstruction of a solid object from a three-dimensional image is carried out in the following manner.
That is, first, while illuminating with white parallel light as illumination light, a plurality of images displayed by the display 10 are captured at different observation angles, and feature points are matched between the images. ORB, SIFT, or FLANN can be used for matching feature points between the images.

The position of each feature point in virtual space can be determined using the principles of triangulation. This can then be used to reconstruct a three-dimensional object in virtual space.

When using the principle of triangulation to reconstruct a three-dimensional object from three or more images, the same feature point may appear at multiple positions in virtual space. In this case, the center of gravity of these positions is taken as the position of that feature point in virtual space. In this case, if the same feature point appears at multiple positions in virtual space and one of the positions is significantly deviated from the other two or more positions, the former can be excluded to calculate the center of gravity.

Next, the display body 10 is reproduced in the virtual space in which the three-dimensional object has been restored. Specifically, the display body 10 is reproduced in the virtual space so that the image that an observer reproduced in the virtual space perceives when looking at the three-dimensional object overlaps with the image displayed by the display body 10 toward the observer.
By restoring the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 in the virtual space and reproducing the display body 10 and the observer OB1 in the manner described above, they can be used to explain the image displayed by the display body 10 as follows.

Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a first lighting condition. Figure 5 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from approximately the front under the first lighting condition. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from diagonally right under the first lighting condition. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from diagonally left under the first lighting condition.

The first lighting condition shown in FIG. 4 is a condition in which the display body 10 is illuminated indoors with diffuse light including direct light that is directly irradiated onto the display body 10 from a first light source LS1 such as indoor lighting, and indirect light that is reflected by a wall, ceiling, etc. and then enters the display body 10. In the first lighting condition, the display body 10 is positioned sufficiently far away from the first light source LS1.

Under the first illumination condition, the display body 10 is disposed relative to the first light source LS1 so that the line segment connecting the first light source LS1 and the display body 10 is perpendicular to the X direction and parallel to a direction inclined relative to the Y direction, and so that the first light source LS1 illuminates the surface of the display body 10 on the relief layer 11 side. In this state, when the viewer OB views the surface of the display body 10 on the relief layer 11 side from approximately the front, that is, when viewed from the position of the viewer OB1 shown in FIG. 3, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of the first object corresponding to the first three-dimensional object TOD1, as shown in FIG. 5. As described above, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 has a star shape with a thicker center than the periphery. Under this observation condition, the display body 10 displays the image I1 so that the first object faces approximately forward.

Under similar lighting conditions, when observer OB observes the surface of display 10 facing the relief layer 11 from diagonally right, i.e., when observed from the position of observer OB2 shown in FIG. 3, display 10 displays image I1 of the first object as shown in FIG. 6. That is, display 10 displays image I1 as if the first object faces diagonally left as viewed by observer OB and has moved slightly to the left from the state shown in FIG. 5.

Furthermore, under similar lighting conditions, when observer OB observes the surface of display body 10 facing the relief layer 11 from diagonally left, i.e., when observed from the position of observer OB3 shown in Figure 3, display body 10 displays image I1 of the first object as shown in Figure 7. That is, display body 10 displays image I1 as if the first object faces diagonally right as seen by observer OB and has moved slightly to the right from the state shown in Figure 5.

In this way, the display 10 is configured so that the orientation and position of the first object in the image it displays changes continuously in response to changes in the observation angle. Therefore, the image displayed by the display 10 appears three-dimensional due to binocular parallax and/or motion parallax.

Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the second lighting condition. Figure 9 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from approximately the front under the second lighting condition. Figure 10 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from diagonally right under the second lighting condition. Figure 11 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Figures 1 to 3 when observed from diagonally left under the second lighting condition.

The second lighting condition shown in FIG. 8 is similar to the first lighting condition, except that illumination is further performed by the second light source LS2. The second light source LS2 is a point light source that emits divergent light that is close to parallel light. In the second lighting condition, the display 10 is positioned sufficiently close to the second light source LS2.

Under the second illumination condition, the second light source LS2 is arranged with respect to the display body 10 so that the line segment connecting the second light source LS2 and the display body 10 is perpendicular to the X direction and parallel to a direction inclined with respect to the Y direction, and so that the second light source LS2 illuminates the surface of the display body 10 on the relief layer 11 side. In this state, when the observer OB observes the surface of the display body 10 on the relief layer 11 side from approximately the front, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB1 shown in FIG. 3, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object corresponding to the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and an image I2 of a second object corresponding to the second three-dimensional object TOD2, as shown in FIG. 9. As described above, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 has a star shape with a thicker center than the peripheral portion. In addition, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 has a disk shape. Under this observation condition, the display body 10 displays the image I1 and the image I2 so that the first and second objects face approximately forward.

Under similar lighting conditions, when observer OB observes the surface of display 10 facing the relief layer 11 from diagonally right, i.e., when observed from the position of observer OB2 shown in FIG. 3, display 10 displays image I1 of the first object and image I2 of the second object as shown in FIG. 10. That is, display 10 displays image I1 as if the first object faces diagonally left as seen by observer OB and has moved slightly to the left from the state shown in FIG. 9. And display 10 displays image I2 as if the second object faces diagonally left as seen by observer OB and has moved significantly to the left from the state shown in FIG. 9.

Furthermore, under similar lighting conditions, when observer OB observes the surface of display 10 facing the relief layer 11 from diagonally left, i.e., when observed from the position of observer OB3 shown in FIG. 3, display 10 displays image I1 of the first object and image I2 of the second object as shown in FIG. 11. That is, display 10 displays image I1 as if the first object faces diagonally right as seen by observer OB and has moved slightly to the right from the state shown in FIG. 9. And display 10 displays image I2 as if the second object faces diagonally right as seen by observer OB and has moved significantly to the right from the state shown in FIG. 9.

In this way, the display 10 is configured so that the orientation and position of each of the first and second objects in the image it displays changes continuously in response to changes in the observation angle. Therefore, the image displayed by the display 10 appears three-dimensional due to binocular parallax and/or motion parallax.

The display 10 does not display the image I2 of the second object under the first lighting condition, but displays it only under the second lighting condition. That is, the three-dimensional image of the second object is recorded as a latent image on the display 10.

A person who is unaware of the above phenomenon is unlikely to adopt the second lighting condition to observe the image displayed by the display 10. The image I1 of the first object is displayed not only under the second lighting condition but also under the first lighting condition. Therefore, the image I1 of the first object makes it difficult to realize that the display 10 can display the image I2 of the second object.

In this way, the display 10 is capable of displaying special three-dimensional images using a hologram or a diffraction grating.

It is preferable to adopt the following design for the display 10.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display bodies of FIGS. 1 and 2 and first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed thereby.

In Fig. 12, distance _D1min is the distance from the part of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 closest to the display surface to the display surface. Distance _D1max is the distance from the part of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 farthest from the display surface to the display surface. Distance _D2min is the distance from the part of the second three-dimensional object TOD2 closest to the display surface to the display surface. Distance _D2max is the distance from the part of the second three-dimensional object TOD2 farthest from the display surface to the display surface.

As described above, the relief structure RS of the display body 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is entirely restored within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is entirely restored within a distance of 5 mm or more from the display surface. That is, the relief structure RS is designed so that the distance D1 _max is 4 mm or less and the distance D2 _min is 5 mm or more. If the distance D1 _max is shortened, the display body 10 displays the image I1 of the first object brighter and clearer under the first lighting condition. If the distance D2 _min is lengthened, the image I2 of the second object becomes more difficult to recognize under the first lighting condition.

The distance D1 _min may be zero or may be greater than zero. The distance D1 _max is preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 mm. The greater the distance D1 _max , the stronger the stereoscopic effect felt by the viewer due to motion parallax.

It is preferable that the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is entirely restored within a distance of 30 mm or less from the display surface. In other words, it is preferable that the distance D2 _max is equal to or less than this upper limit. If the second three-dimensional object TOD2 includes a portion that is excessively far from the display surface, the position of the corresponding portion in the image I2 of the second object changes significantly even when the observation direction is changed slightly. Therefore, it becomes difficult to set the conditions required for observing the image I2 of the second object.

<First Modification of Display Body>
The display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 can be modified in various ways.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a display according to a first modified example.
The display 10 shown in FIG. 13 is similar to the display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12, except that it further includes a print layer 14.

The printing layer 14 is provided on the relief layer 11. The printing layer 14 includes a plurality of line patterns 141 spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction. Here, the line patterns 141 each extend in the Y direction and are arranged in the X direction.

The printing layer 14 creates multiple convex portions on the surface of the display body 10. Therefore, like the display body 10 described with reference to Figures 1 to 12, this display body 10 is capable of displaying a special three-dimensional image using a hologram or a diffraction grating, and can also provide the observer with a special tactile sensation.

The pattern constituting the printing layer 14, here the line pattern 141, may be light-transmitting or light-shielding. Even in the latter case, the display 10 can display a three-dimensional image that gives a strong sense of depth to the viewer.

Figure 14 shows an image displayed by the display of Figure 13 under certain conditions. Figure 15 shows an image displayed by the display of Figure 13 under other conditions.

When the line pattern 141 is light-blocking, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, the portions of the images I1 and I2 displayed by the relief structure RS that are located directly below the line pattern 141 are hidden by the line pattern 141 and cannot be seen. However, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, when the observation angle is changed, the portions that were hidden by the line pattern 141 become visible.

The height of the protrusions that the printing layer 14 creates on the surface of the display body 10 is preferably within the range of 5 to 40 μm. If the height of the protrusions is small, it will be difficult for an observer to sense the presence of these protrusions by touch when touching the surface of the display body 10. If the height of the protrusions is excessively large, blocking will be more likely to occur. Note that the printing layer 14 with large protrusions can be formed, for example, by intaglio printing.

It is preferable that the width of each of the line patterns 141 is within the range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm. It is also preferable that the line patterns 141 are arranged at a pitch within the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

According to this configuration, adjacent line patterns 141 are unlikely to be connected. In addition, when a viewer touches the surface of the display body 10 employing this configuration, the viewer can easily sense the presence of the convex portions by touch. Furthermore, this configuration is suitable for making a portion of a three-dimensional image that is hidden by the line pattern 141 visible by slightly rotating the display body 10 around an axis A _R that is approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the line pattern 141.

<Second Modification of Display Body>
In the above-mentioned display 10, the images I1 and I2 are displayed by either a hologram or a diffraction grating.

The display 10 may display image I1 using either a hologram or a diffraction grating, and image I2 using the other of a hologram and a diffraction grating. In this case, for example, the area of the main surface of the relief layer 11 where the relief structure RS is provided is divided into a plurality of unit areas arranged in the X direction and the Y direction. Each unit area is then divided into first and second sub-areas. The first sub-area is used for display using either a hologram or a diffraction grating. The second sub-area is used for display using the other of a hologram or a diffraction grating.

Alternatively, the display body 10 may display the images I1 and I2 using one of a hologram and a diffraction grating, and display one or more other images using the other of a hologram and a diffraction grating. In this case, for example, the area of the main surface of the relief layer 11 where the relief structure RS is provided is divided into a plurality of unit areas arranged in the X direction and the Y direction. Then, each unit area is divided into a first and a second sub-area. Then, the first sub-area is used for display using one of the hologram and the diffraction grating, and the second sub-area is used for display using the other of the hologram and the diffraction grating. Alternatively, each unit area is divided into three or more sub-areas. Then, in each unit area, one of the sub-areas (the first sub-area) is used for displaying the image I1, the other of the sub-areas (the second sub-area) is used for displaying the image I2, and the remaining one or more sub-areas (one or more third sub-areas) are used for displaying the one or more images.

<Third Modification of Display Body>
In the above-mentioned display body 10, the relief structure RS is designed so that each of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored in front of the display surface. The relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored in front of the display surface, or the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored behind the display surface, or the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored on the display surface. The relief structure RS may be designed so that the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored in front of the display surface, or the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored behind the display surface.

For example, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to the front of the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is also restored to the front of the display surface, as described above. Alternatively, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to the front of the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to the back of the display surface. Alternatively, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to the back of the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to the front of the display surface. Alternatively, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to the back of the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is also restored to the back of the display surface. Alternatively, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored on the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to the front of the display surface. Alternatively, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored on the display surface and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored behind the display surface.

In addition, in the above display body 10, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 each have a dimension in the Z direction that is greater than zero. The first three-dimensional object TOD1 may have a dimension in the Z direction that is zero. Furthermore, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 may also have a dimension in the Z direction that is zero.

<Fourth Modification of Display Body>
As described above, the display 10 displays the images I1 and I2. The display 10 may be configured to display one or more other images in addition to the images I1 and I2.

Each image displayed by the display body 10 may be one that gives the observer a sense of three-dimensionality due to binocular parallax and/or motion parallax even when observed alone without being combined with other images. Furthermore, if one or more of the images displayed by the display body 10 give the observer a sense of three-dimensionality due to binocular parallax and/or motion parallax even when observed alone without being combined with other images, the remaining images displayed by the display body 10 may not give the observer a sense of three-dimensionality when observed alone without being combined with other images. In other words, the remaining images displayed by the display body 10 may be two-dimensional images rather than three-dimensional images that give the observer a sense of three-dimensionality due to parallax images.

For example, the area of the main surface of the relief layer 11 where the relief structure RS is provided can be divided into a plurality of unit areas arranged in the X and Y directions, each unit area can be divided into a plurality of sub-areas, and in each unit area, one or more of the sub-areas can be used to display a three-dimensional image, and one or more of the other sub-areas can be used to display a two-dimensional image. In this case, in order to roughly match the brightness of the three-dimensional image and the brightness of the two-dimensional image, it is preferable to make the area of the sub-area used to display each of the three-dimensional images in each unit area larger than the area of the sub-area used to display each of the two-dimensional images.

<Fifth Modification of Display Body>
The display 10 displays the images I1 and I2 simultaneously under the second illumination condition described with reference to FIG. 8. The observation angle at which the image I1 has the maximum brightness and the observation angle at which the image I2 has the maximum brightness may be the same or different. In the latter case, for example, the relief structure RS may be designed so that the brightness of the image I2 at the observation angle at which the image I1 has the maximum brightness is 1/10 or less than the brightness of the image I2 at the observation angle at which the image I2 has the maximum brightness, and the brightness of the image I1 at the observation angle at which the image I2 has the maximum brightness is 1/10 or less than the brightness of the image I1 at the observation angle at which the image I2 has the maximum brightness. Alternatively, the display 10 may display only one of the images I1 and I2 at a certain observation angle under the second illumination condition, and display only the other of the images I1 and I2 at another observation angle. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to switch the displayed image by changing the observation angle under the second illumination condition.

<Sixth Modification of Display Body>
Two or more of the above-described modifications may be combined with each other. For example, the fifth and sixth modifications may be combined with each other.

<Transfer foil>
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a transfer foil.

The transfer foil 2 shown in FIG. 16 includes a support 21 , a transfer material layer 22 , and an adhesive layer 23 .
The support 21 supports the transfer material layer 22 in a peelable manner. The support 21 has, for example, a band shape.

The transfer material layer 22 includes a relief layer 221, a reflective layer 222, a protective layer 223, and a peelable protective layer 224. The peelable protective layer 224, the relief layer 221, the reflective layer 222, and the protective layer 223 are laminated in this order on the support 21. The laminated order of the relief layer 221, the reflective layer 222, and the protective layer 223 may be reversed.

The transfer material layer 22 includes a transfer portion that is transferred to an article by application of heat and pressure, and a non-transfer portion that is not transferred to an article. The transfer portion is the portion that is used as the display body 10 described above. Therefore, the portion of the relief layer 221 located in the transfer portion, the portion of the reflective layer 222 located in the transfer portion, and the portion of the protective layer 223 located in the transfer portion correspond to the relief layer 11, the reflective layer 12, and the protective layer 13, respectively.

The peel-off protective layer 224 is provided adjacent to the support 21. The peel-off protective layer 224 is made of a material that is optically transparent, for example, a colorless and transparent material. The peel-off protective layer 224 can be omitted.

The adhesive layer 23 faces the support 21 with the transfer material layer 22 sandwiched therebetween. The base material of the adhesive layer can be a thermoplastic resin. The resin component can be an acrylic resin. The acrylic resin can be polymethyl methacrylate or the like. The transfer foil 2 may or may not include the adhesive layer 23.

<Adhesive labels>
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an adhesive label.

The adhesive label 3 shown in FIG. 17 includes a display body 31 and an adhesive layer 32. In FIG. 17, the reference numeral 33 denotes a release sheet.

The display body 31 includes a substrate 311, a reflective layer 312, and a protective layer 313. The display body 31 corresponds to the display body 10 described above. Therefore, the substrate 311, the reflective layer 312, and the protective layer 313 correspond to the relief layer 11, the reflective layer 12, and the protective layer 13, respectively.

The adhesive layer 32 is provided on one of the main surfaces of the display body 31. The adhesive layer 32 is protected by a release sheet 33 until immediately before the adhesive label 3 is used.

The adhesive layer 32 is made of an adhesive such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Examples of adhesives that can be used include vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester polyamide, or acrylic, butyl rubber, natural rubber, silicone, or polyisobutyl adhesives.

The adhesive may further contain additives. Examples of additives include aggregating components such as alkyl methacrylates, vinyl esters, acrylonitrile, styrene, and vinyl monomers; modifying components such as unsaturated carboxylic acids, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, and acrylonitrile; polymerization initiators; plasticizers; curing agents; curing accelerators; antioxidants; or mixtures containing two or more of these.

<Items with display>
FIG. 18 is a plan view showing an example of an article with a display member.

The display-attached article 4 shown in FIG. 18 is a printed matter. The display-attached article 4 is, for example, a personal authentication medium such as a banknote, a security, a certificate, a credit card, a passport, or an ID (identification) card, or a package that wraps the contents.

This display-equipped item 4 includes a display 41 and an item 42 that supports it.

The display body 41 is the display body 10 described above. The display body 41 is supported by the item 42, for example, by being attached to the surface of the item 42 or being embedded within the item 42.

The article 42 includes an article body 421, such as a printing substrate, and a printing layer 422 provided thereon. The material of the article body 421 is, for example, plastic, metal, paper, or a composite of these.

In the following, examples of the present invention are described.
(Example 1)
The transfer foil 2 described with reference to Fig. 16 was manufactured. The protective layer 223 was omitted. The transfer material layer 22 had the structure described for the display body 10 with reference to Figs. 1 to 12.

Here, the relief structure RS is designed so that the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to the front of the display surface, and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to the back of the display surface. The first three-dimensional object TOD1 is a star shape with no thickness, and the distances D1 _min and D1 _max are each set to 2 mm. The second three-dimensional object TOD2 is a moon shape with no thickness, and the distances D2 _min and D2 _max are each set to 10 mm.

Furthermore, the structure described in International Publication No. WO 2017/209113 was adopted for the relief structure RS. Specifically, each of the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 was divided into square regions with a side length of 100 μm, and the viewing angle in each of the X and Y directions was set to 20°. In addition, the minimum size of the pattern contained in the relief structure RS was set to 400 nm, and the depth was set to four levels.

In the manufacture of the transfer foil 2, first, a nickel plate was manufactured. Specifically, a pattern corresponding to the relief structure RS was drawn on the surface of the resist layer using an electron beam drawing device. Next, nickel was sputtered onto this surface, and further nickel was plated. After that, the resist layer was removed from the nickel layer. In this manner, a nickel plate was obtained.

Next, a film made of polyethylene terephthalate was prepared as the support 21, and a liquid containing polymethyl methacrylic acid and polyethylene wax was applied thereon to form a peelable protective layer 224. Next, a layer containing acrylic polyol, isocyanate, and fluororesin was formed on the peelable protective layer 224. The nickel plate described above was attached to this layer, and a heated roll set at 150°C was pressed against it while ultraviolet light was irradiated to transfer the pattern of the plate. This resulted in a relief layer 221.

After the laminate including the relief layer 221, the release protective layer 224, and the support 21 was peeled off from the plate, aluminum was deposited on the relief layer 221 to form a reflective layer 222. Furthermore, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was applied onto the reflective layer 222 to form an adhesive layer 23.
In this manner, a transfer foil 2 shown in FIG. 19 was obtained.

Next, this transfer foil 2 was used to manufacture an article with a display body. Here, fine paper was used as the article on which the display body was to be supported. In manufacturing the article with a display body, the transfer foil 2 was layered on the fine paper, and in this state, heat and pressure were applied to a part of the laminate. Next, the support 21 was peeled off from the fine paper together with the part of the transfer material layer 22 to which heat and pressure had not been applied. In this way, the part of the transfer material layer 22 to which heat and pressure had been applied was transferred from the support 21 to the fine paper as the display body 10. In this manner, an article with a display body was obtained.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment was observed with the naked eye. Here, the indoor environment was an environment in which multiple fluorescent lights were installed on the ceiling and illuminated the interior with these fluorescent lights. As a result, the display unit 10 displayed only image I1, without displaying image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated with a penlight from a position close to it, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. Note that the penlight used here included a light-emitting diode that emits white light as a light source. As a result, the display displayed both images I1 and I2.

(Example 2)
An article with a display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that after a portion of the transfer material layer 22 was transferred from the support 21 to the wood-free paper, the printed layer 14 was formed as described with reference to Figures 13 to 15. Here, the printed layer 14 was formed by intaglio printing. The thickness of the printed layer 14 was 30 μm, the width of the line pattern 141 was 0.05 mm, and the pitch of the line pattern 141 was 0.5 mm.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the portion of image I1 located directly below line pattern 141 was hidden by line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portion hidden by line pattern 141 became visible. However, even when the observation conditions were changed, display unit 10 did not display image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a penlight similar to that in Example 1, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, this display displayed both images I1 and I2. Then, under certain conditions, the portions of images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portions hidden by the line pattern 141 became visible.

In this way, this display body 10 exhibited the same optical effect as the display body 10 of Example 1. Furthermore, when observed with the naked eye, this display body 10 left a strong impression on the observer of the presence of the printed layer 14. Furthermore, by touching the printed layer 14 of this display body 10, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts.

(Example 3)
An article with a display was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the width of the line pattern 141 was 0.1 mm.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the portion of image I1 located directly below line pattern 141 was hidden by line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portion hidden by line pattern 141 became visible. However, even when the observation conditions were changed, display unit 10 did not display image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a penlight similar to that in Example 1, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, this display displayed both images I1 and I2. Then, under certain conditions, the portions of images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portions hidden by the line pattern 141 became visible.

In this way, this display body 10 exhibited the same optical effect as the display body 10 of Example 1. Note that in this example, although the width of the line pattern 141 was different from that of Example 2, the visibility of the images I1 and I2 was equivalent to that of Example 2. Furthermore, when observed with the naked eye, this display body 10 left a strong impression on the observer of the presence of the printed layer 14. Furthermore, by touching the printed layer 14 of this display body 10, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts.

(Example 4)
An article with a display was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the width of the line pattern 141 was 0.15 mm.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the portion of image I1 located directly below line pattern 141 was hidden by line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portion hidden by line pattern 141 became visible. However, even when the observation conditions were changed, display unit 10 did not display image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a penlight similar to that in Example 1, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, this display displayed both images I1 and I2. Then, under certain conditions, the portions of images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portions hidden by the line pattern 141 became visible.

In this way, this display body 10 exhibited the same optical effect as the display body 10 of Example 1. Furthermore, when observed with the naked eye, this display body 10 left a strong impression on the observer of the presence of the printed layer 14. Furthermore, when the display body 10 was touched with the printed layer 14, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts. However, in this example, the width of the line pattern 141 was larger than in Examples 2 and 3, and images I1 and I2 were harder to see compared to Examples 2 and 3.

(Example 5)
An article with a display was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the pitch of the line pattern 141 was 0.2 mm.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the portion of image I1 located directly below line pattern 141 was hidden by line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portion hidden by line pattern 141 became visible. However, even when the observation conditions were changed, display unit 10 did not display image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a penlight similar to that in Example 1, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, this display displayed both images I1 and I2. Then, under certain conditions, the portions of images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portions hidden by the line pattern 141 became visible.

In this way, this display body 10 exhibited the same optical effect as the display body 10 of Example 1. Note that in this example, the pitch of the line pattern 141 was different from that of Example 2, but the visibility of the images I1 and I2 was equivalent to that of Example 2. Furthermore, when observed with the naked eye, this display body 10 left a strong impression on the observer of the presence of the printed layer 14. Furthermore, when touching the printed layer 14 of this display body 10, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts.

(Example 6)
An article with a display was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the pitch of the line pattern 141 was 1.0 mm.

The three-dimensional image displayed by the display unit 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the portion of image I1 located directly below line pattern 141 was hidden by line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portion hidden by line pattern 141 became visible. However, even when the observation conditions were changed, display unit 10 did not display image I2.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a penlight similar to that in Example 1, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, this display displayed both images I1 and I2. Then, under certain conditions, the portions of images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the portions hidden by the line pattern 141 became visible.

In this way, this display body 10 exhibited the same optical effect as the display body 10 of Example 1. Note that in this example, the pitch of the line pattern 141 was different from that of Example 2, but the visibility of the images I1 and I2 was equivalent to that of Example 2. Furthermore, by touching the printed layer 14 of this display body 10, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts. However, compared to the display bodies 10 of Examples 2 and 5, this display body 10 did not leave a strong impression on the observer of the presence of the printed layer 14 when observed with the naked eye.

(Example 7)
An article with a display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the relief structure RS was configured to display a two-dimensional image in addition to the images I1 and I2. Here, an image of Saturn was displayed as a two-dimensional image by a diffraction grating. The diffraction grating was provided so that the length direction of the grating lines (grooves) was parallel to the Y direction. The spatial frequency of the grating lines was in the range of 700 to 1200 lines/mm.

In this example, the area of the main surface of the relief layer 11 where the relief structure RS is provided is divided into a first partial area used to display image I1 but not used to display image I2, a second partial area used to display image I2 but not used to display image I1, and a third partial area used to display neither image I1 nor I2. Each of the first to third partial areas is then divided into a number of unit areas arranged in the X and Y directions. The first to third partial areas have the same unit area dimensions and shapes.

In the first partial region, the entirety of each unit region can be used to display image I1. In each of the second and third partial regions, each unit region is divided into first and second sub-regions, and the ratio of the area of the first sub-region to the area of the second sub-region is set to 1:1. In the second partial region, the entirety of the first sub-region can be used to display image I2, and in the second and third partial regions, the entirety of the second sub-region can be used to display a two-dimensional image.

The image displayed by the display body 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye from approximately the front of the display body 10. As a result, the display body 10 displayed image I1, but did not display image I2 or the above two-dimensional image.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a pen-shaped light similar to that in Example 1, and the image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, the display 10 displayed images I1 and I2 without displaying the above two-dimensional image within the observation angle range in the X direction (with the normal to the display surface being 0°). However, image I2 appeared darker than image I1. Furthermore, the display 10 displayed the above two-dimensional image without displaying images I1 and I2 within other observation angle ranges.

(Example 8)
An article with a display member was produced in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the ratio of the area of the first sub-region to the area of the second sub-region was set to 5:1.

The image displayed by the display body 10 of this display-equipped article in an indoor environment similar to that of Example 1 was observed with the naked eye from approximately the front of the display body 10. As a result, the display body 10 displayed image I1, but did not display image I2 or the above two-dimensional image.

Next, the display 10 was illuminated from a position close to it with a pen-shaped light similar to that in Example 1, and the image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, the display 10 displayed images I1 and I2 without displaying the above two-dimensional image within the observation angle range of -30° to 30° in the X direction. In this example, image I2 appeared to have approximately the same brightness as image I1. Moreover, the display 10 displayed the above two-dimensional image without displaying images I1 and I2 within other observation angle ranges. This two-dimensional image appeared to have approximately the same brightness as image I2.
The invention as originally claimed is set forth below.
[1]
A display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image,
When a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image,
a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first object is entirely restored within a range of a distance from the display surface of 4 mm or less;
A second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second target object is a display body whose entirety is restored within a range of a distance from the display surface of 5 mm or more.
[2]
2. The display according to item 1, wherein a portion of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is at a distance of 0.5 mm or more from the display surface.
[3]
The display device described in item 2, wherein the three-dimensional image further includes an image of a third object, and when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, the third three-dimensional object corresponding to the third object is restored in its entirety within the display surface.
[4]
4. The display according to item 3, wherein the image of the first object and the image of the second object are displayed by holograms, and the image of the third object is displayed by a diffraction grating.
[5]
5. A display as described in item 3 or 4, wherein the brightness of the image of the second object, at an observation angle at which the image of the third object appears brightest, is 1/10 or less of the brightness of the image of the second object at the observation angle at which the image of the second object appears brightest, and the brightness of the image of the third object, at the observation angle at which the image of the second object appears brightest, is 1/10 or less of the brightness of the image of the third object at the observation angle at which the image of the third object appears brightest.
[6]
2. The display according to item 1, wherein the first three-dimensional object is entirely restored within the display surface.
[7]
7. The display according to item 6, wherein the image of the first object is displayed by a diffraction grating, and the image of the second object is displayed by a hologram.
[8]
8. The display according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein a portion of the second three-dimensional object that is farthest from the display surface is located at a distance of 30 mm or less from the display surface.
[9]
a relief layer having a relief structure displaying the three-dimensional image on one main surface thereof;
a reflective layer at least partially covering the area of the main surface where the relief structure is provided;
Item 9. The display according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the display surface is a surface of the reflective layer or an interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer.
[10]
10. The display according to item 9, further comprising a print layer facing the display surface, the print layer forming a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display.
[11]
Item 11. The display according to item 10, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within a range of 5 to 40 μm.
[12]
Item 12. The display according to item 10 or 11, wherein the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction.
[13]
Item 13. The display according to item 12, wherein the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within a range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within a range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
[14]
A transfer material layer including the display body according to any one of items 1 to 13;
A support on which the transfer material layer is supported in a peelable manner;
A transfer foil equipped with
[15]
A display according to any one of items 1 to 13,
An adhesive layer provided on the display body;
An adhesive label comprising:
[16]
A display according to any one of items 1 to 13,
An article supporting the display body;
An article with a display body comprising:

2...transfer foil, 3...adhesive label, 4...article with display body, 10...display body, 11...relief layer, 12...reflective layer, 13...protective layer, 14...printed layer, 21...support, 22...transfer material layer, 23...adhesive layer, 31...display body, 32...adhesive layer, 33...release sheet, 41...display body, 42...article, 141...line pattern, 221...relief layer, 222...reflective layer, 223...protective layer, 224...release protective layer, 421...article body, 422...printed layer, A _R ...axis, I1...image, I2...image, LS1...first light source, LS2...second light source, OB...observer, OB1...observer, OB2...observer, OB3...observer, R1...first region, R2...second region, RS...relief structure, TOD1...first three-dimensional object, TOD2...second three-dimensional object.

Claims (16)

A display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image,
When a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image,
a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first object is entirely restored within a range of a distance from the display surface of 4 mm or less;
A second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second target object is entirely restored within a range of a distance of 5 mm or more from the display surface ,
A display device in which images of one or more objects included in the three-dimensional image are displayed by a hologram, and images of one or more other objects included in the three-dimensional image are displayed by a diffraction grating . The display according to claim 1, wherein the part of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is at a distance of 0.5 mm or more from the display surface. The display according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional image further includes an image of a third object, and when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, the third three-dimensional object corresponding to the third object is restored entirely within the display surface. The display according to claim 3, wherein the image of the first object and the image of the second object are displayed by a hologram, and the image of the third object is displayed by a diffraction grating. The display according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the brightness of the image of the second object is 1/10 or less of the brightness of the image of the second object at the observation angle at which the image of the third object is displayed most brightly, and the brightness of the image of the third object is 1/10 or less of the brightness of the image of the third object at the observation angle at which the image of the second object is displayed most brightly, and the brightness of the image of the third object is 1/10 or less of the brightness of the image of the third object at the observation angle at which the image of the second object is displayed most brightly. The display according to claim 1, wherein the first three-dimensional object is entirely restored within the display surface. The display according to claim 6, wherein the image of the first object is displayed by a diffraction grating, and the image of the second object is displayed by a hologram. The display according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the part of the second three-dimensional object that is farthest from the display surface is at a distance of 30 mm or less from the display surface. a relief layer having a relief structure displaying the three-dimensional image on one main surface thereof;
9. The display according to claim 1, further comprising a reflective layer at least partially covering an area of the main surface where the relief structure is provided, and the display surface is a surface of the reflective layer or an interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer. The display according to claim 9, further comprising a printing layer facing the display surface, the printing layer forming a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display. The display according to claim 10, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within the range of 5 to 40 μm. The display according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction. The display according to claim 12, wherein the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within the range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. A transfer material layer including the display body according to any one of claims 1 to 13;
A transfer foil comprising: a support that supports the transfer material layer in a peelable manner. A display according to any one of claims 1 to 13;
An adhesive label comprising an adhesive layer provided on the display body. A display according to any one of claims 1 to 13;
and an article supporting the display body.