JP7465882B2 - Atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to medical devices, and in particular to devices for therapeutic intervention in coronary artery calcification lesions.

Rotational atherectomy is an essential procedure for smoothly completing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for some special lesions, such as those with severe calcification. It is a clinically useful interventional treatment for some lesions with severe stenosis, severe calcification, or fibrosis. In the prior art, an atherectomy device is used to drill a lesion in the coronary artery of the human body using a high-speed rotating diamond drill to open a severely blocked coronary artery. One type uses the drive of a high-speed motor to rotate the diamond drill, and a representative product is the CSI Diamondback 360 Coronary Orbital Atherectomy System. The other type uses the power transmission of high-pressure gas to convert the kinetic energy of the gas into the mechanical energy of the diamond drill rotation, and a representative product is the Rotabulator manufactured by Boston Scientific.

The above two atherectomy devices simultaneously have the following disadvantages.
1. The high-speed rotation of the diamond drill and drill carrier inside the human body will generate a large amount of heat, which may cause a series of complications in the patient, such as vasospasm, acute thrombosis, and acute myocardial infarction;
2. During use, a large amount of lubricant coolant is injected into the human arteries, which puts a heavy burden on the human kidneys;
3. During use, the driving motor and high pressure gas generate loud noises;
4. Post-atherectomy particles generated during the atherectomy head atherectomy of the lesion are washed away by blood and lubricant and flow into the distal end of the vascular lesion.

The above two atherectomy devices each have the following disadvantages.
1. The motor-driven diamond drill structure shape makes it difficult to effectively open blood vessels when performing atherectomy for large-area occlusion (blockage) lesions of positive stenosis in blood vessels; many control signals are required to control the motor, which is easily interfered with by radio; the motor control board needs to be powered by a battery, and there is a risk that the battery will run out of effective storage capacity.
2. The diamond drill structure shape of the high pressure gas power transmission is not suitable for improving unilateral calcification lesions of the vascular wall and calcification lesions at the vascular bifurcation; the overall volume of the device is large, and the connection of the device is complicated.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an atherectomy device for intravascular calcification lesions, and its technical objectives are to improve the safety of surgery and reduce costs.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
An atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions comprising an atherectomy head, the atherectomy head being rotated by driving a water turbine using a water pump.

The water pump of the present invention is a constant pressure water pump, which is connected to an atherectomy head via a flow control valve and a hydraulic turbine, and the output liquid flow rate of the flow control valve is adjusted when the output liquid pressure of the constant pressure water pump is 50 MPa or more and the rotation speed of the atherectomy head is in the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the atherectomy head to a specific value in the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min.

The hydraulic turbine of the present invention is constructed by connecting a water wheel and a power transmission speed increasing mechanism.

The water wheel, power transmission acceleration mechanism, and atherectomy head of the present invention are connected coaxially.

The water turbine of the present invention is provided with a shell assembly, and a water turbine rotor is coaxially provided within the shell assembly. The inner diameter of the cylinder of the shell assembly is in the range of 16 to 30 mm, and the outer diameter is in the range of 18 to 34 mm. The center of the cylinder is radially connected to two other cylinders, which are an inlet and an outlet, respectively, and have a smaller diameter than the cylinder. The axes of the inlet and outlet are perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and are distributed at 30° to 60°; a central shaft is provided in the water turbine rotor, a through hole is provided along the axis of the central shaft, and at least two blades are connected to the central shaft.

The power transmission speed increasing mechanism of the present invention is constructed by connecting a primary planetary speed increasing gear mechanism and a secondary planetary speed increasing gear mechanism.

The atherectomy head of the present invention is provided with a hexagonal hollow shaft, one end of which forms a removable connection structure with the output shaft of the secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the atherectomy spiral tube, the atherectomy head is fitted onto the other end of the atherectomy spiral tube, and the atherectomy spiral tube protrudes from the atherectomy head.

The axial cross section of the atherectomy head of the present invention is gourd-shaped, with the small end of the gourd facing the distal end, and the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping with the axis of the atherectomy head.

The axial cross section of the atherectomy head of the present invention has a shape obtained by combining a trapezoid and a rectangle, with the bottom of the trapezoid overlapping the long side of the rectangle, the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping the rectangle, and the upper outer edge of the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping the bottom of the trapezoid of the atherectomy head, thereby forming an eccentric atherectomy head.

The distal end of the axial cross section of the atherectomy head of the present invention is a gourd-shaped small end shape, the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the axis of the gourd shape, the larger outer diameter of the small end of the gourd shape is the small end, a first cone extends along the axial direction toward the proximal end, the large end of the first cone extends cylindrically, a second cone extends along the proximal end with the outer diameter of the cylinder as the large end, the small end of the second cone is the large end of a third cone, and the third cone extends along the proximal end, the length of the cylinder is shorter than the axial length of the first cone, the lower part of the axial cross section of the atherectomy head is cut along the axial direction, and the lower outer edge is the same as the outer diameter of the small end of the first cone, forming an eccentric atherectomy head up to the large end of the third cone.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses a high-pressure liquid impulse turbine to convert the kinetic energy of the liquid into the mechanical energy of turbine rotation, and drives the power transmission acceleration mechanism to rotate the atherectomy head, which is used to open or improve severe stenosis, severe calcification, or fibrous atherosclerotic lesions in the peripheral and coronary arteries of the human body. The high-speed rotation of the atherectomy head and the noise of the power transmission are low, the frictional heat retained in the human body caused by atherectomy is reduced, the amount of cooling and lubricating solution administered to the human body is reduced, and the metabolic burden on the human kidney is reduced, which is safe and reliable, has a simple structure, and is low cost.

FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the water turbine structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the power transmission speed increasing mechanism structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the water turbine structure of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an outline view of a water turbine of the present invention. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a water turbine according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the water turbine component structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the water turbine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the power transmission speed increasing mechanism of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atherectomy head according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atherectomy spiral tube of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the atherectomy spiral tube of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the atherectomy spiral tube of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atherectomy head structure according to the present invention (first embodiment). FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the atherectomy head structure of the present invention (II). FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the atherectomy head structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of inlets and outlets of the shell assembly of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a right side view of FIG. 17 . FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water turbine rotor according to the present invention. FIG. 20 is a left side view of FIG. 19 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the mounting position of the water turbine of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a left side view of FIG. 21 .

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions of the present invention uses a high-pressure liquid impulse water wheel to convert kinetic energy into mechanical energy for water wheel rotation, and the rotating water wheel drives a power transmission acceleration mechanism to rotate the atherectomy head, thereby opening or improving severe stenosis, severe calcification, or fibrotic atherosclerotic lesions in the peripheral and coronary arteries of the human body.

As shown in FIG. 1, the atherectomy device for intravascular calcification lesions of the present invention is configured by sequentially connecting a constant pressure water pump, a flow control valve, a hydraulic turbine, and an atherectomy head from the proximal end to the distal end, and connecting the hydraulic turbine to a water wheel and a power transmission acceleration mechanism.

The pressure of the output liquid (water) of the constant pressure water pump is 50 MPa or more, and the rotation speed of the atherectomy head is in the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min. The operator can adjust the diameter size of the output port of the flow control valve according to the output liquid pressure of the constant pressure water pump and the rotation speed of the atherectomy head required for the surgery, thereby controlling the size of the outlet of the flow control valve and adjusting the output liquid flow rate of the flow control valve, and controlling the rotation speed of the atherectomy head to an appropriate value within the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min.

As shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, the water turbine is constructed by connecting a water wheel (the right side part in Figure 2, Figures 4 and 5) and a power transmission speed increasing mechanism (the left side part in Figure 2 and shown in Figure 3).

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the water wheel, power transmission acceleration mechanism, and atherectomy head are connected coaxially.

Referring to FIG. 8, a shell assembly 2 is provided on the water turbine, and a water turbine rotor 1 is coaxially provided within the shell assembly 2.

A cylinder is provided in the shell assembly 2, and the center of the cylinder is connected along the radial direction to two other cylinders which have a smaller diameter than the cylinder and serve as an inlet and an outlet, respectively. As shown in Figures 17 and 18 , the axes of the inlet and outlet form an angle of 30° to 60°, and the axes of the inlet and outlet are perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylinder can be selected in the range of 16 to 30 mm, the outer diameter can be 18 to 34 mm, and the inlet and outlet are located in the center along the axial direction of the cylinder.

The water turbine rotor 1 is provided with a central shaft, a through hole is provided along the axis of the central shaft, at least two blades are connected to the central shaft, the water turbine rotor 1 is assembled in the shell assembly 2, and the axis of the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1 is coaxial with the axis of the cylinder of the shell assembly 2.

Referring to Figures 19 and 20, in this embodiment, there are four blades, each of which has an L-shaped cross section and is made of stainless steel. The short sides of the L-shaped blades are connected to the central shaft along the axial direction of the central shaft, and the L-shaped blades face the same direction and are uniformly distributed on the central shaft along the circumferential direction. The maximum outer diameter of the water turbine rotor 1 can be selected in the range of 15.8 to 29.8 mm according to the inner diameter of different cylinders, the height of the blade is (maximum outer diameter value of the water turbine rotor - outer diameter of the central shaft) / 2 = 3.7 mm, the length of the blade is 13 mm, the length of the central shaft is 15 mm, the arc length of the maximum outer diameter of the water turbine rotor 1 (long side of the L-shaped blade) is 2 mm, and the thickness of the blade gradually decreases from the short side end of the L-shaped blade to the long side end of the L-shaped blade, that is, from 1.85 mm to 0.9 mm.

As shown in Figures 21 and 22, the water turbine rotor 1 is mounted inside the shell assembly 2, the difference between the maximum outer diameter of the water turbine rotor 1 and the inner diameter of the shell assembly 2 is 0.2 mm, and the water turbine rotor 1 is located in the center of the shell assembly 2. This structure can prevent liquid cavitation caused by the rotation of the water turbine rotor 1 inside the shell assembly 2.

Both ends of the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1 are supported in the holes of the ring-shaped bearing assembly 5, and the bearing assembly 5 is installed in the cylinder of the shell assembly 2 via the bearing presser plate 4. The bearing presser plate 4 has a lid shape with an open end, and the lid end faces the blades. An annular seal partition plate 3 is installed at the lid end of the bearing presser plate 4. An annular seal groove is provided along the circumferential direction on the outer edge near both ends of the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1, and a waterproof annular rubber packing 8 is fitted into the seal groove. The two sets of seal partition plates 3, bearing presser plate 4, bearing assembly 5, waterproof packing 8, and shell assembly 2 define a sealed cavity, and the sealed cavity is the rotation area of the water turbine rotor 1, and the water turbine rotor 1 rotates the central shaft by the sealed cavity when pressurized liquid washes the blades.

An annular pressure plate 6 and a circular bottom plate 7 are provided on both ends of the turbine rotor 1, forming the overall structure of the turbine. On the outside of the pressure plate 6, the inner cylindrical hole of the shell assembly 2 is female-threaded and is used for screwing in connection with the planetary gear carrier assembly 11.

When the turbine is operating, pressurized liquid flows in through the inlet, washes over the blades, and then flows out through the outlet. By adjusting the size of the outlet of the flow control valve, the water flow rate can be adjusted to control the rotation speed of the central shaft of the turbine rotor 1.

As shown in FIG. 9, a hexagonal shaft 9 is provided in the power transmission acceleration mechanism. The hexagonal shaft 9 is removably connected to the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1, and transmits the torque generated by the rotation of the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1 to the hexagonal shaft 9. The shaft cross section of the end of the hexagonal shaft 9 that connects to the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1 is hexagonal, and forms a removably connection with the corresponding hexagon of the through hole of the central shaft of the water turbine rotor 1.

The central shaft of the hexagonal shaft 9 is fitted in the inner holes of the flange bearing 10 and the bearing assembly 19, forming a clearance fit with the flange bearing 10 and an interference fit with the bearing assembly 19. One end of the bearing assembly 19 is adjacent to one end of the flange bearing 10, and the other end of the flange bearing 10 is provided with an annular bearing guard 18 and a circlip 17 for position regulation. The flange bearing 10 and the bearing assembly 19 are fitted into the inner hole of one end of the planetary gear carrier 11, which is cylindrical, and the ends of the flange bearing 10 and the bearing assembly 19 are male threaded and form a screw-fit connection with the female thread of the cylinder of the shell assembly 2. The other end of the planetary gear carrier 11 is female threaded.

At the other end of the bearing assembly 19, a primary planetary speed-up gear mechanism and a secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism connected to the output end are sequentially provided within the planetary gear carrier 11.

The primary planetary speed-increasing gear mechanism is provided with a primary planetary speed-increasing gear bottom plate 12, three primary planetary speed-increasing gear shafts 20, primary planetary speed-increasing gears 21 connected thereto, and a primary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 13 meshing with the primary planetary speed-increasing gear 21. The axial cross section of the primary planetary speed-increasing gear bottom plate 12 is T-shaped, with an axial central through hole connected to the other end of the hexagonal shaft 9, a small end facing the hexagonal shaft 9, and three uniformly distributed through holes drilled on the end face of the large end, one end of the primary planetary speed-increasing gear shafts 20 is fixedly disposed in each of the three uniformly distributed through holes, a primary planetary speed-increasing gear 21 is connected to the other end of the primary planetary speed-increasing gear shaft 20, the three primary planetary speed-increasing gears 21 mesh with the primary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 13, and the axis of the primary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 13 and the axial central through hole of the primary planetary speed-increasing gear bottom plate 12 are coaxial. The shaft of the primary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 13 outputs the rotational speed after the primary speed increase.

When the hexagonal shaft 9 rotates, it rotates the primary planetary speed-up gear base plate 12, causing the three primary planetary speed-up gear shafts 20 evenly distributed on the primary planetary speed-up gear base plate 12 to rotate around the axis of the primary planetary speed-up gear base plate 12, causing the primary planetary speed-up gear 21 connected to the primary planetary speed-up gear shafts 20 to rotate around the axis of the primary planetary speed-up gear base plate 12, rotating the primary planetary speed-up sun gear 13 meshing with the primary planetary speed-up gear 21 and outputting the rotational speed.

The secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism is provided with a secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22, three secondary planetary speed-up gear shafts 23, secondary planetary speed-up gears 24 connected thereto, and a secondary planetary speed-up sun gear 14 meshing with the secondary planetary speed-up gear 24. The axial cross section of the secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22 is T-shaped, with an axial central through hole connected to the axis of the primary planetary speed-up sun gear 13, a small end facing the primary planetary speed-up sun gear 13, and three uniformly distributed through holes drilled on the end face of the large end, one end of the secondary planetary speed-up gear shafts 23 is fixedly disposed in each of the three uniformly distributed through holes, and the other end of the secondary planetary speed-up gear shaft 23 is connected to the secondary planetary speed-up gear 24, the three secondary planetary speed-up gears 24 mesh with the secondary planetary speed-up sun gear 14, and the axis of the secondary planetary speed-up sun gear 14 and the axis of the primary planetary speed-up sun gear 13 are coaxial. The shaft of the secondary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 14 outputs the rotational speed after secondary speed-increase. The cross section of the output shaft connected to the secondary planetary speed-increasing sun gear 14 is hexagonal.

The primary planetary speed-up sun gear 13 rotates the secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22, causing the three secondary planetary speed-up gear shafts 23 evenly distributed on the secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22 to rotate around the axis of the secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22, causing the secondary planetary speed-up gears 24 connected to the secondary planetary speed-up gear shafts 23 to rotate around the axis of the secondary planetary speed-up gear bottom plate 22, rotating the secondary planetary speed-up sun gear 14 meshing with the secondary planetary speed-up gears 24 and outputting a rotational speed.

An annular lubricant baffle plate assembly 15 is provided at the output end of the secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism, and a cover plate 16 is provided on the outside of the baffle plate assembly 15, and the cover plate 16 is screwed into the female threads at the other end of the planetary gear carrier 11.

As shown in FIG. 10, a hexagonal hollow shaft is provided on the atherectomy head connected to the output end of the power transmission speed-up mechanism, one end of the hexagonal hollow shaft forms a removable connection structure with the output shaft of the secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism and the output shaft of the secondary planetary speed-up sun gear 14, and the other end of the hexagonal hollow shaft is welded to one end of the atherectomy spiral tube.

As shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13, the atherectomy spiral tube is formed by winding at least two stainless steel wires in a spiral shape. In this embodiment, there are three wires, and each spiral steel wire has a pitch P of 0.5 mm, an outer diameter OD of 0.8255 mm, an inner diameter ID of 0.495 mm, an outer diameter d of the stainless steel wire of 0.165 mm, a spiral angle α of 11°, and a clockwise rotation direction. After winding the stainless steel wire in a spiral shape, it is heat-treated to form at a temperature of 2000°C or higher, and has excellent torque transmission ability and good bending ability, so it can pass through the complex bends of blood vessels.

As shown in FIG. 14, an atherectomy head is provided at the other end of the atherectomy spiral tube, and the atherectomy head is fitted around the distal end of the atherectomy spiral tube, with the distal end of the atherectomy spiral tube protruding from the atherectomy head and joined by laser welding. The axial cross section of the atherectomy head is gourd-shaped, with the small end of the gourd facing the distal end, and the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping the axis of the atherectomy head. This shape of the atherectomy head structure is suitable for a large area occlusion (clogging) of a positive stenosis in a blood vessel.

As shown in FIG. 15, the axial cross section of the atherectomy head is a shape obtained by combining a trapezoid and a rectangle, with the bottom of the trapezoid overlapping the long side of the rectangle, the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping the rectangle, and the upper outer edge of the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlapping the bottom of the trapezoid of the atherectomy head, thereby forming an eccentric atherectomy head. The atherectomy spiral tube protrudes 2-3 cm from the distal end of the atherectomy head. This shape of the atherectomy head is intended to scrape off large area occlusions (blockages) of forward stenosis in blood vessels, and is suitable for improving unilateral calcified lesions of blood vessel walls and calcified lesions at blood vessel bifurcations.

As shown in FIG. 16, the distal end of the axial cross section of the atherectomy head has a gourd-shaped small end shape, the small end of the gourd shape faces the distal end, the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the axis of the gourd shape, the larger outer diameter of the small end of the gourd shape is the small end, a first cone extends along the axial direction toward the proximal end, the large end of the first cone extends cylindrically, a second cone extends along the proximal end with the outer diameter of the cylinder as the large end, the small end of the second cone is the large end of a third cone, and the third cone extends along the proximal end, the length of the cylinder is shorter than the axial length of the first cone, the lower part of the axial cross section of the atherectomy head is cut along the axial direction, and the lower outer edge of the cutout is the same as the outer diameter of the small end of the first cone, forming an eccentric atherectomy head up to the large end of the third cone. This shape of atherectomy head not only opens forward stenosis, but also improves calcified lesions on the blood vessel wall and takes into account the condition of bifurcation lesions.

The present invention scrapes off or improves completely occluded lesions in peripheral or coronary arteries by converting the kinetic energy of liquid into mechanical energy of atherectomy head rotation. Compared with air pressure drive and motor drive, liquid power not only achieves the same atherectomy effect and allows the atherectomy head to meet the high rotation speed requirements required for lesion treatment, but also reduces the transmission noise when the atherectomy head is rotating at high speed, reduces the frictional heat retained in the human body caused by atherectomy, reduces the amount of cooling and lubricating solution administered to the human body, reduces the metabolic burden on the human kidney, and improves the safety of surgery.

The present invention uses a constant pressure water pump to make the output water pressure 50 MPa or more, adjusts the diameter size of the output port of the flow control valve to control the size of the outlet of the flow control valve, and adjusts the output liquid flow rate of the flow control valve. It drives a water wheel to convert the kinetic energy of the water flow into mechanical energy, and after being accelerated by the power transmission acceleration mechanism, controls the rotation speed of the atherectomy head to a range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is possible to operate it safely and reliably.

Claims (5)

An atherectomy device for intravascular calcification lesions, comprising an atherectomy head, the atherectomy head being rotated by driving a water turbine using a water pump;
The hydraulic turbine is composed of a water wheel and a power transmission speed increasing mechanism,
The water wheel, the power transmission speed increasing mechanism, and the atherectomy head are coaxially connected to each other,
The water pump is a constant pressure water pump,
The water turbine has an inlet through which the fluid pressurized by the constant pressure water pump flows in, a water turbine rotor that rotates a central shaft by the fluid, and an outlet through which the fluid flows out,
the constant pressure water pump is connected to the atherectomy head via a flow control valve and the water turbine;
By controlling the flow control valve, the output liquid flow rate from the flow control valve toward the inlet is adjusted when the output liquid pressure of the constant pressure water pump is 50 MPa or more and the rotation speed of the atherectomy head is in the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min, and the rotation speed of the atherectomy head is controlled to a specific value in the range of 70,000 to 150,000 rad/min;
The water turbine is provided with a shell assembly (2), the water turbine rotor (1) is coaxially provided within the shell assembly (2), the inner diameter of the cylinder of the shell assembly (2) is in the range of 16 to 30 mm, the outer diameter is in the range of 18 to 34 mm, the center of the cylinder is connected along a radial direction to two other cylinders, which are the inlet and the outlet, respectively, having a smaller diameter than the cylinder, the axes of the inlet and the outlet form an angle of 30° to 60°, and the axes of the inlet and the outlet are perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder; the water turbine rotor (1) is provided with the central shaft, a through hole is provided along the axis of the central shaft, and at least two blades are connected to the central shaft;
an atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions, characterized in that the power transmission speed-up mechanism connects a primary planetary speed-up gear mechanism and a secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism, the atherectomy head is provided with a hexagonal hollow shaft, one end of the hexagonal hollow shaft forms a removable connecting structure with an output shaft of the secondary planetary speed-up gear mechanism and the other end is connected to one end of an atherectomy spiral tube, the atherectomy head is fitted onto the other end of the atherectomy spiral tube, and the atherectomy spiral tube protrudes from the atherectomy head. The atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions according to claim 1, characterized in that the water turbine is constructed by connecting a water wheel and a power transmission acceleration mechanism. The atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial cross section of the atherectomy head is gourd-shaped, the small end of the gourd faces the distal end, and the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the axis of the atherectomy head. The atherectomy device for intravascular calcified lesions according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial cross section of the atherectomy head has a shape obtained by combining a trapezoid and a rectangle, the bottom of the trapezoid overlaps with the long side of the rectangle, the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the rectangle, and the upper outer edge of the axial cross section of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the bottom of the trapezoid of the atherectomy head, thereby forming an eccentric atherectomy head. The atherectomy device for intravascular calcification lesions according to claim 1, characterized in that the distal end of the atherectomy head in the axial cross section is a gourd-shaped small end shape, the axis of the atherectomy spiral tube overlaps with the axis of the gourd shape, the larger outer diameter of the gourd-shaped small end is the small end, a first cone extends along the axial direction toward the proximal end, the large end of the first cone extends cylindrically, the second cone extends along the proximal end with the outer diameter of the cylinder as the large end, the small end of the second cone is the large end of a third cone, the third cone extends along the proximal end, the length of the cylinder is shorter than the axial length of the first cone, the lower part of the axial cross section of the atherectomy head is cut along the axial direction, the lower outer edge is the same as the outer diameter of the small end of the first cone, and an eccentric atherectomy head is formed up to the large end of the third cone.

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