JP7427123B2 - fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire extinguisher that extinguishes fire by emitting a fine mist mixed with nitrogen gas.

Conventionally, there are two types of fire extinguishers when classified according to the emission method: pressurized type and pressure accumulation type. In recent years, pressurized fire extinguishers have been left in bad environments for long periods of time, resulting in corrosion that had occurred when they were not noticed, and when they were operated, CO2 _, etc. inside the fire extinguisher container was released. Accidents have been reported in which fire extinguisher containers were destroyed due to the sudden increase in pressure within the container when a high-pressure gas cartridge was activated.

In order to avoid this danger, pressure-accumulating fire extinguishers have become mainstream in recent years. In the case of a pressure-accumulating type fire extinguisher, the pressure is constantly accumulated at around 0.7 to 0.98 MPa, so unlike pressurized type fire extinguishers where the pressure rises rapidly from atmospheric pressure, if the fire extinguisher If the corrosion of the main body progresses and the withstand pressure decreases, the accumulated gas will gradually escape, so there will be no major accident, and if gas leaks, it can be determined by the pressure gauge. has become mainstream from a safety perspective.

On the other hand, in the case of a pressurized fire extinguisher, the inside of the fire extinguisher is not pressurized at all times, so there is no load on the pressure vessel, and it can be used for a long time as long as corrosion does not occur. Since it is sealed in a gas cartridge, the gas does not leak and has the advantage of ensuring that extinguishing agent can be released in the event of a fire. However, as mentioned above, if the pressurized fire extinguisher is corroded, there is a risk of damage or bursting, which could lead to a major accident.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-51398 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-47298

Nitrogen micro-spray fire extinguishers are attracting attention as an alternative to conventional pressurized fire extinguishers and accumulator fire extinguishers, as they emit a fine nitrogen mist made by atomizing water using nitrogen gas as the extinguishing agent. .

A nitrogen mist type fire extinguisher uses pressurized nitrogen to release water with extremely fine particle diameters (10 to 100 μm), and also releases nitrogen gas to prevent the suffocation effect of nitrogen and the extremely small amount of water. It has the characteristic of extinguishing fires through the synergistic effects of cooling and suffocation, which expands when water evaporates and eliminates air (oxygen) near the flame.

However, in order for the fine nitrogen spray to exhibit a greater fire extinguishing effect, it is necessary not only to use nitrogen as energy to simply atomize water, but also to promote the suffocation effect by ejecting a sufficient amount of nitrogen.

Therefore, when adopting a pressure accumulation type as the emission method for a fine nitrogen spray fire extinguisher, in order to achieve a fire extinguishing effect, it is necessary to increase the volume of the fire extinguisher or to increase the accumulation pressure of nitrogen to increase the accumulated amount. or both. In particular, when increasing the internal pressure of a fire extinguisher, it is necessary to take measures such as increasing the thickness of the container to increase the withstand pressure of the fire extinguisher, which makes the container heavier, making it a big burden to carry, and increasing costs. is assumed.

In addition, when a pressurized type is used as the emission method for a fine nitrogen spray fire extinguisher, in order to achieve a fire extinguishing effect, it is necessary to increase the discharge pressure as much as possible to make the water fine and to release a large amount of nitrogen. If the fire extinguisher were to corrode, there would be a risk of a major accident due to breakage or rupture.

The present invention has the advantages of both the pressure accumulation type and the pressurization type, and furthermore, it solves the disadvantages of both, and by taking advantage of the features of both, it is possible to further demonstrate the performance and functionality of fine spray fire extinguishing. The purpose is to provide a fire extinguisher that

(2 fluid switching method)
The present invention provides a fire extinguisher including:
a main container filled with a predetermined amount of fire extinguishing liquid and a predetermined first pressure range of low-pressure gas;
a gas container filled with high-pressure gas having a predetermined second pressure range higher than the first pressure range;
an operation unit for opening the gas container;
The high-pressure gas flowing into the gas container opened by the operation part is released to the outside, and the main container is opened by the action of the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is released from the liquid pressure of the fire extinguishing liquid pressurized with low-pressure gas. a fine spray nozzle mechanism that opens a discharge path for the extinguishing liquid by the action of liquid pressure when the gas pressure decreases, and releases a fine spray of the extinguishing liquid to the outside by pressurizing the low-pressure gas;
It is characterized by having the following.

The low pressure gas and the high pressure gas are inert gases.

The low pressure gas and the high pressure gas are nitrogen gas.

(basic effect)
The present invention provides a fire extinguisher including a main body container which stores a predetermined amount of extinguishing liquid and is filled with low pressure gas in a predetermined first pressure range, and a predetermined pressure range higher than the first pressure range disposed inside the main body container. A gas container filled with high-pressure gas in a second pressure range, and by operating a lever, the main container is opened and the extinguishing liquid flows into the fine spray nozzle mechanism, and the gas container is unsealed and the high-pressure gas is supplied to the fine spray nozzle. An operating part that allows the flow into the mechanism, and a unit that releases the extinguishing liquid that has flowed in from the main container by pressurizing low-pressure gas and the high-pressure gas that has flowed from the gas container to the outside, or mixes the extinguishing liquid and high-pressure gas and releases it to the outside. Since a fine spray nozzle mechanism is installed, the fire extinguishing fluid sent out by low pressure gas is atomized by high pressure gas and a fine spray is released, thereby reducing the suffocation effect of gases such as nitrogen and the extremely small amount of fire extinguishing fluid. The extinguishing performance can be enhanced by the synergistic effects of the cooling effect and the suffocation effect, which expands when the extinguishing liquid evaporates and eliminates air (oxygen) near the flame.

In addition, because the structure of the fire extinguisher is a mixture of pressurization type and pressure accumulation type, corrosion of the pressure accumulation type container or leakage of the filled gas that occurs due to some reason can be clearly seen from the reading on the pressure gauge, and fires can occur. This has the advantage of preventing non-release of extinguishing agent.

On the other hand, by using the pressurization method in combination, the high-pressure gas necessary for fine spray extinguishing, for example, fine spray with an average particle size of about 10 μm to 200 μm, can be safely stored in a closed gas container (cartridge), which can destroy the container. In addition, by making the extinguishing liquid finer and suffocating gases such as nitrogen, the fire extinguishing effect can be greatly increased.

In addition, a sufficient amount of high-pressure gas required for fine spraying of fire extinguishing liquid can be stored in the gas container (cartridge), and the fire extinguisher can be made smaller. In this case, the high-pressure gas filled in the gas container (cartridge) is not released into the main container, but is released outside to atomize the extinguishing liquid, and the compressive force inside the main container is greater than the low-pressure accumulated pressure. Since it does not rise, accidents such as container destruction during use can be reliably prevented.

In addition, both the low-pressure gas that sends out the extinguishing liquid and the high-pressure gas that makes the water atomized can be provided in the same main container, which has great benefits such as miniaturization, low cost, and simple structure.

(Effects of two-fluid/internal mixing method)
In addition, the fine spray nozzle mechanism mixes the extinguishing liquid sent out by pressurizing low-pressure gas when the main container is opened and the high-pressure gas sent out when the gas container is opened, and discharges the mixture to the outside. Specifically, the fine spray nozzle mechanism includes a mixing chamber for mixing fire extinguishing liquid and high-pressure gas, a nozzle body including a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet communicating with the mixing chamber, and a nozzle body. A siphon pipe whose upper end is connected to the second inlet and whose lower end is immersed in the extinguishing liquid is used to break the seal on the gas container by operating a lever on the operating section, and enter the mixing chamber through the first inlet. A first seal-breaking member that supplies high-pressure gas and a sealing member arranged to close the path from the siphon pipe to the second inlet port by lever operation of the operation unit or high-pressure gas released from the gas container. Since a second seal-breaking member was provided to supply the fire extinguishing liquid pressurized with low pressure gas to the mixing chamber through the second inlet, the high pressure gas and low pressure gas are pushed out in the mixing chamber of the nozzle mechanism. Since the extinguishing liquid is mixed with the extinguishing liquid, a fine spray with a relatively large particle size, for example, an average particle size of several tens of micrometers to 200 micrometers, is released, and it can be used as an A fire extinguisher mainly intended for general fires.

(Effects of two-fluid/external mixing method)
In addition, the fine spray nozzle mechanism releases the fine spray of fire extinguishing liquid to the outside by pressurizing low-pressure gas when the main container is opened, and also releases the high-pressure gas sent out by opening the gas container to the outside. Specifically, the fine spray nozzle mechanism includes a first discharge port for discharging the high-pressure gas to the outside, a second discharge port for discharging the fine spray of the fire extinguishing fluid to the outside, and a second discharge port for discharging the high-pressure gas to the outside. A nozzle body having a first inlet communicating with the first outlet and a second inlet communicating with the second outlet; the upper end is connected to the second inlet of the nozzle body, and the lower end is immersed in the extinguishing liquid. a first seal-breaking member that breaks the seal of the gas container by operating a lever on the operating section and supplies high-pressure gas to the first discharge port through the first inlet; A lever operation or high-pressure gas released from the gas container breaks the seal member arranged to close the path from the siphon pipe to the second inlet, and low pressure is applied to the second outlet via the second inlet. Since a second seal-breaking member is provided to supply a fire extinguishing liquid pressurized with gas, a fine spray with relatively small particle sizes, for example, 10 μm to several tens of μm in average particle size, is released, making it suitable for electrical fires. It can be used as a B fire extinguisher or a C fire extinguisher suitable for oil fires.

(Effects of two-fluid switching system)
Further, the present invention provides a fire extinguisher including a main body container filled with a predetermined amount of extinguishing liquid and a low pressure gas in a predetermined first pressure range, and a high pressure gas in a predetermined second pressure range higher than the first pressure range. a gas container opened by the gas container, an operating section for opening the gas container, and a high-pressure gas that has flowed in from the gas container opened by the operating section is released to the outside, and the main container is opened by the action of the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas, and a low-pressure When the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas is lower than the liquid pressure pressurized by the gas, the extinguishing liquid release route is opened by the action of the liquid pressure, and a fine spray of the extinguishing liquid is released to the outside by pressurizing the low-pressure gas. It is characterized by being equipped with a fine spray nozzle mechanism. Specifically, the fine spray nozzle mechanism includes a first discharge port that discharges high-pressure gas to the outside, a second discharge port that discharges fine spray of extinguishing liquid to the outside, and a first cylinder chamber that houses the discharge switching mechanism. A cylinder chamber connected to a second cylinder chamber, a first discharge port and a first introduction port communicating with the first cylinder chamber, a second introduction port communicating with the second cylinder chamber, and a second discharge port and a second cylinder chamber. A nozzle body with an inlet between it and the cylinder chamber, a siphon pipe whose upper end is connected to the second inlet of the nozzle body and whose lower end is immersed in extinguishing liquid, and a gas container that can be operated by operating a lever on the operating part. a first seal-breaking member that breaks the seal of the seal and supplies high-pressure gas to the first discharge port and the first cylinder chamber through the first inlet; and a first seal that is slidably housed in the first cylinder chamber. A discharge device comprising a piston, a second piston connected to the first piston by a rod and slidably housed in the second cylinder chamber, and a second seal-breaking member provided on the opposite side of the second piston from the first piston. A switching mechanism is provided, in which the high-pressure gas released from the gas container is released to the outside by operating a lever on the operating section, and is introduced into the first cylinder chamber to slide the first piston and the second piston, thereby causing the second break. The sealing member arranged to close the path from the siphon pipe to the second inlet port is broken, the second inlet is closed by contact with the second piston, and the second inlet port is pressurized with low pressure gas. When the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas is lower than the liquid pressure of the high-pressure gas, the liquid pressure pressurized by the low-pressure gas slides the second piston to release the closed state. When you operate the lever on the fire extinguisher, high-pressure gas is first released from the gas container, and the firepower is suppressed by the suffocation effect of gases such as nitrogen, and over time the pressure of the high-pressure gas decreases. When this happens, the system switches to releasing a fine spray of extinguishing liquid using the low-pressure gas in the main container, and the fire can be extinguished by the cooling effect of the fine spray and the suffocation effect of gas such as nitrogen.

(Effects due to the arrangement of the first discharge port and the second discharge port)
In addition, the first discharge port from which high-pressure gas is released from the nozzle body is formed as an annular opening, and the second discharge port from which a fine spray of fire extinguishing fluid is released by low-pressure gas is opened as the center hole of the annular opening. High-pressure gas is released from the annular opening to surround the fire extinguishing fluid released from the center hole due to pressurization by gas, making the fire extinguishing fluid finer and causing a fine spray to fly at high speed, making it possible to efficiently suppress and extinguish fires. do.

(gas pressure)
The pressure of the low pressure gas is 1.0 MPa or less, and the high pressure gas is 2.0 MPa or more, so that the low pressure gas reliably sends out the extinguishing liquid, and the high pressure gas reliably sends out the extinguishing liquid, for example by internal mixing method or external mixing method. Although the range varies depending on the method, in general, it is possible to finely spray particles with an average particle size of about 10 μm to 200 μm.

(Effect of fine spray particles)
Since the average particle diameter of the fine spray emitted from the fine spray nozzle mechanism was set to 10 μm to 200 μm, the pressure of the high-pressure gas was adjusted, for example, in a range of 2 MPa or more, and by increasing the pressure, the average particle diameter was made smaller, and the pressure was lowered. This makes it possible to control the average particle size by increasing it, making it easy to create a fine-spray fire extinguisher with a particle size that corresponds to the type of fire.

Cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher that emits internal mixture of two fluids A cross-sectional view showing the internal mixing radiation of two fluids due to the internal mixing of nitrogen gas and fine spray by the fire extinguisher in Figure 1. Cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a fire extinguisher that emits internal mixture of two fluids Cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher that performs two-fluid external mixed radiation Cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher that performs two-fluid switching radiation A sectional view taken out of the nozzle mechanism in Figure 5 A cross-sectional view showing the state of high-pressure nitrogen gas discharged by the nozzle mechanism in Figure 6. Cross-sectional view showing the state of switching to fine nitrogen spray using the nozzle mechanism in Figure 6

[Embodiment of two-fluid internal mixing radiation type fire extinguisher]
(Structure of fire extinguisher)
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher 10 that performs internal mixing of two fluids. It is characterized by emitting a fine nitrogen mist.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the fire extinguisher of this embodiment, a lid member 14 is arranged at the upper opening of the main body container 12, and a gas container 16 is arranged below the lid member 14. The gas container 16 is a high-pressure cartridge filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas, and the outlet at the upper end is sealed with a seal 16a, and the gas container 16 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas of 2.0 MPa or more.

Further, the upper part of the siphon tube 22 is connected to the lower side of the lid member 14 in a sealed state by the arrangement of a seal 48, and the lower end of the siphon tube 22 is lowered to a position close to the bottom of the main container 12, The lower end is cut into a tapered shape to form a tapered suction port 22a.

The inside of the main body container 12 is filled with a small amount of water 20 as a fire extinguishing liquid and low pressure nitrogen gas 18. The pressure of the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 is set, for example, in a range of 0.7 MPa to 0.9 MPa.

The tapered suction port 22a formed at the lower end of the siphon pipe 22 is arranged such that the entire taper suction port 22a is immersed in the water 20 relative to the level of the water 20 stored in the main body container 12.

A nozzle mechanism 24A is provided at the top of the lid member 14. The nozzle mechanism 24A is a mechanism for opening the seal 16a of the gas container 16. A plunger 42 is disposed in a plunger case 43 fixed to the lid member 14 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. A cutter 44 that functions as a seal-breaking member is housed on the side.

A lower lever 36 is fixed to the lid member 14, and an upper lever 38 is arranged so as to be rotatable downwardly by a shaft pin 40. Note that a safety plug 45 is attached to the upper lever 38, and the upper lever 38 cannot be pushed down unless the safety plug 45 is removed.

The upper end of the plunger 42 is in contact with or close to the inside of the upper lever 38, and when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 42 is pushed in, thereby pushing the cutter 44 into the gas container 16. The high-pressure nitrogen gas released from the gas container 16 is sent into the mixing chamber 27 of the nozzle body 26 from the first inlet 28 through the internal passage 42a in the plunger 42. There is.

Further, a second introduction port 30 is provided on the lower side of the nozzle body 26, and the upper end of the siphon tube 22 is fixed to the second introduction port 30 via a seal 48. The tip of a plunger 46 that vertically penetrates the nozzle body 26 is located in the second introduction port 30, and a cutter 46a that functions as a seal-breaking member is formed at the tip of the plunger 46.

The tip of the plunger 46 taken out above the nozzle body 26 is in contact with or close to the bottom of the upper lever 38, and when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 46 is pushed in. As a result, the cutter 46a is pushed in to break through the seal 48 sealing the first introduction port 30 and unseal it, thereby filling the main container 12 with the water 20 stored in the main container 12. The low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 is fed into the mixing chamber 27 of the nozzle body 26 by the force of the nitrogen gas 18 .

The nozzle body 26 has a discharge port 32 at its tip, and a protective cap 34 made of rubber is attached to the discharge port 32.

Note that a pressure gauge may be provided to indicate the pressure of the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 filled in the main body container 12, but is not shown.

(Nitrogen fine spray release operation)
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing internal mixing radiation of two fluids due to internal mixing of nitrogen gas and fine mist by the fire extinguisher of FIG.

When using the fire extinguisher 10 in the event of a fire, the safety plug 45 shown in FIG. 1 is pulled out to unlock the upper lever 38, and then, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper lever 38 is pushed down. When the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 42 is pushed down, and the cutter 44 at the tip of the plunger 42 is also pushed down, and the cutter 44 pierces the seal 16a of the gas container 16, opens it, and fills the inside. The high-pressure nitrogen gas 15 is fed into the mixing chamber 27 from the first inlet 28 of the nozzle body 26, as shown by the dotted line.

Further, when the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 46 is also pushed down, and the seal 48 is pierced by the cutter 46a at the tip of the plunger 46 to open the main container 12 and fill the inside of the main container 12. Water 20 is fed into the mixing chamber 27 from the siphon pipe 22 through the second inlet 30 by pressurizing the low pressure nitrogen gas 18 . In this case, since the tapered suction port 22a at the lower end of the siphon pipe 22 is immersed in the water 20, the water 20 is sent into the mixing chamber 27 under the pressure of the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18.

In the mixing chamber 27, a high-speed jet of high-pressure nitrogen gas 15 sent from the first inlet port 28 collides with the water 20 sent from a substantially orthogonal direction to atomize the water, and the water is atomized as a mixed fluid from the discharge port 32. Nitrogen fine spray 50 is injected at high speed.

Note that the protective cap 34 can be blown off and removed by releasing high-pressure nitrogen gas, and in order to prevent the removed protective cap 34 from being lost, it is desirable to connect it with a string or chain.

Therefore, by emitting the nitrogen fine spray 50 from the fire extinguisher 10 of this embodiment, the suffocation effect of the nitrogen gas and the cooling effect of a very small amount of water, and the expansion of the water when it evaporates, causing the air near the flame ( Fire extinguishing performance can be improved by synergistic effects such as suffocation, which eliminates oxygen (oxygen).

In addition, the structure of the fire extinguisher 10 is a mixture of a pressurized type using a gas container 16 filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas and a pressure accumulator type filled with low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 in the main body container 12. If a pressure gauge is provided, leakage of the filling gas caused by corrosion of the main container 12 or for some other reason can be clearly seen from the indicated value, which has the advantage of preventing non-release of extinguishing agent in the event of a fire.

On the other hand, by using a pressurized type using a gas container 16 filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas 15, a closed type gas container 16 (cartridge) can be used for fine spray extinguishing, for example, fine spray with an average particle size of about 10 μm to 200 μm. Since the high-pressure nitrogen gas required for this purpose can be safely stored, the water can be made fine and the nitrogen gas has a suffocating effect, greatly increasing the fire extinguishing effect.

Further, a sufficient amount of high-pressure nitrogen gas required for fine spraying of water can be stored in the gas container 16, and the fire extinguisher 10 can be downsized. In this case, the high-pressure nitrogen gas filled in the gas container 16 is not released into the main container 12 but is released to the outside through the nozzle mechanism 24A in order to atomize the water, and the compressive force inside the main container 12 is Since the accumulated pressure of the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 does not rise above 0.7 to 0.9 MPa, accidents such as container breakage during use can be reliably prevented.

Additionally, both the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 that sends out the water 20 and the high-pressure nitrogen gas that atomizes the water can be provided in the same main container 12, which has significant advantages such as miniaturization, low cost, and simple structure. big.

Further, in the fire extinguisher 10 of this embodiment, the high-pressure nitrogen gas 15 collides with the gas-liquid mixed fluid of the water 20 and the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 in the mixing chamber 27 of the nozzle body 26 to atomize the water internally. Therefore, the average particle diameter of atomized water is relatively large, ranging from several tens of micrometers to 200 micrometers, and is therefore suitable for use as an A fire extinguisher for general fires.

[Other embodiments of two-fluid internal mixing radiation type fire extinguisher]
(Structure of fire extinguisher)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a fire extinguisher that emits internal mixture of two fluids. The device is characterized in that the main container is opened by the user.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fire extinguisher 10 of the present embodiment has a structure in which a seal 48 disposed at the opening of the siphon pipe 22 disposed below the lid member 14 is opened, and a seal 48 is opened in the vertical direction of the nozzle body 26. A piston 52 forming a cylinder 56 and having a rod 54 is slidably provided, the upper end of the rod 54 is taken out through a plug 55, a cutter 54a functioning as a seal breaking member is formed at the lower end of the rod 54, and the piston 52 is provided with a rod 54. A passage is formed through the cylinder chamber between the piston 52 and the plug 55 to send high-pressure nitrogen gas from the gas container 16 to the first inlet 28 , and further from the bottom of the piston 52 to the second inlet of the nozzle body 26 . A pipe 31 is connected to 30.

Since the other configurations and functions are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

(Nitrogen fine spray release operation)
When the fire extinguisher 10 shown in FIG. The cutter 44 at the tip of the gas container 16 is also pushed down, and the seal 16a of the gas container 16 is pierced and opened by the cutter 44, and the high-pressure nitrogen gas filled inside passes through the cylinder chamber of the nozzle body 26 and enters the first introduction port 28. from there into the mixing chamber 27.

When the high-pressure nitrogen gas released from the gas container 16 is fed into the cylinder chamber above the piston 52, the piston 52 descends under pressure from the high-pressure nitrogen gas and is sealed by the cutter 54a at the tip of the rod 54. 48 is pierced and the main container 12 is opened, and water 20 is mixed from the siphon pipe 22 through the piping 31 and the second inlet 30 by pressurizing the low pressure nitrogen gas 18 filled inside the main container 12. It is fed into the chamber 27 as a gas-liquid mixed fluid.

In the mixing chamber 27, a high-speed jet of high-pressure nitrogen gas sent from the first inlet port 28 collides with a gas-liquid mixed fluid of water 20 and low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 sent from a substantially orthogonal direction, resulting in a fine spray of water. , and a fine nitrogen mist as a mixed fluid is injected from the discharge port 32 at high speed.

In this way, in this embodiment, the seal 48 of the main container 12 is opened using the force of the high-pressure nitrogen gas released by operating the lever, so the plunger 46 is opened by operating the upper lever 38 shown in FIG. Compared to the case where the main container 12 is opened and closed by pushing down, the structure can be made simpler.

[Embodiment of two-fluid external mixing radiation type fire extinguisher]
(Structure of fire extinguisher)
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher that performs external mixed radiation of two fluids. It is characterized in that it is discharged to the outside and mixed.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the fire extinguisher of this embodiment, a lid member 14 is arranged at the upper opening of the main body container 12, and the lower side of the lid member 14 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas of 2.0 MPa or more. The container 16 is arranged, and the upper part of the siphon pipe 22 is connected in a sealed state by the arrangement of the seal 48, and the lower end of the siphon pipe 22 is formed with a tapered suction port 22a. of water 20 is stored therein, and is also filled with low pressure nitrogen gas 18 of 0.7 MPa to 0.9 MPa.

A two-fluid external mixing radiation type nozzle mechanism 24B is provided at the top of the lid member 14. In the nozzle mechanism 24B, a nozzle main body 60 includes a base 60a, a peripheral nozzle 60b, and a center nozzle 60c, and the center nozzle 60c and the peripheral nozzle 60b are arranged coaxially.

A first inlet port 62 is communicated with the rear portion of the peripheral nozzle 60b, and a ring-shaped first discharge port 66 is formed at the tip. A second inlet port 64 is communicated with the rear part of the center nozzle 60c from below, and a second outlet port 68 serving as a center hole is formed at the tip. A protective cap 70 is attached to the first discharge port 66 and the second discharge port 68.

The nozzle mechanism 24B is a mechanism for opening the seal 16a of the gas container 16. A plunger 42 is disposed in a plunger case 43 fixed to the lid member 14 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. A cutter 44 that functions as a seal-breaking member is housed on the side.

A lower lever 36 is fixed to the lid member 14, and an upper lever 38 is arranged so as to be rotatable downwardly by a shaft pin 40. A safety plug 45 is attached to the upper lever 38, and the upper lever 38 cannot be pushed down unless the safety plug 45 is removed.

The upper end of the plunger 42 is in contact with or close to the inside of the upper lever 38, and when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 42 is pushed in, and the cutter 44 is pushed in and the gas container 16 is pushed in. The seal 16a of the gas container 16 is broken and opened, whereby the high-pressure nitrogen gas released from the gas container 16 is sent from the first inlet 62 to the peripheral nozzle 60b of the nozzle body 60, and from the ring-shaped first discharge port 66. High-pressure nitrogen gas is released in a cylindrical shape.

Further, in order to unseal the seal 48 provided on the lower side of the second inlet port 64 for the center nozzle 60c of the nozzle body 60, a plunger 46 vertically penetrating the base 60a of the nozzle body 60 is disposed. A cutter 46a is formed at the tip and functions as a seal breaking member.

The tip of the plunger 46 taken out above the nozzle body 60 is in contact with or close to the bottom of the upper lever 38, and when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 46 is pushed in. As a result, the cutter 46a is pushed in to break through and open the seal 48 sealing the second inlet 64, thereby filling the main container 12 with the water 20 stored in the main container 12. The force of the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 is used to feed the gas-liquid mixture into the center nozzle 60c of the nozzle body 60, and discharge it as a fine nitrogen spray from the second discharge port 68 at the tip.

Note that the mechanism for pushing down the plunger 42 and the plunger 46 to open the seals 16a and 48 by operating the upper lever 38 is basically the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and therefore is designated by the same reference numeral. .

In this way, high-pressure nitrogen gas is released from the first discharge port 66, which is a ring-shaped opening at the tip of the nozzle mechanism 24B, and nitrogen fine spray of water and low-pressure nitrogen gas is released from the second discharge port 68, which is a central hole. By performing the discharge simultaneously, the fine water particles in the nitrogen fine spray are further atomized by the high-pressure nitrogen gas and discharged while flying in the external space.

(Nitrogen fine spray release operation)
When using the fire extinguisher 10 shown in FIG. 4 in case of a fire, when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is unlocked and pushed down, the plunger 42 is pushed down and the cutter 44 at the tip is used to cut the gas container 16. The seal 16a is pierced and opened, and the high-pressure nitrogen gas filled inside is sent into the surrounding nozzle 60b through the first inlet 62 of the nozzle body 60, and from the first outlet 66 at the tip to the cylindrical High pressure nitrogen gas is released.

When the upper lever 38 is pushed down, the plunger 46 is also pushed down, and the cutter 46a at the tip pierces the seal 48 to open the main container 12, and the low pressure nitrogen gas 18 filled inside the main container 12 is opened. The water 20 is sent from the siphon pipe 22 through the second inlet 64 to the center nozzle 60c by pressurization, and a nitrogen fine spray fluid in which water is atomized by low-pressure nitrogen gas is released from the second outlet 68 at the tip. be done.

The gas-liquid mixture of nitrogen finely sprayed water, which is made by finely atomizing water from the center nozzle 60c with low-pressure nitrogen gas, is collided with the high-speed gas flow of high-pressure nitrogen gas released around it, and the water particles are further made fine. It is released into the flame as a relatively fine nitrogen spray with an average particle size of 10 μm to several tens of μm.

For this reason, the fire extinguisher 10 of this embodiment emits two fluids: high-pressure nitrogen gas and fine water mist made of low-pressure nitrogen gas, and the water particles are further atomized into nitrogen fine mist by mixing the two fluids during flight. When released as a spray, the suffocation effect of nitrogen gas such as nitrogen, the cooling effect of a very small amount of water, and the suffocation effect of expanding when water evaporates and eliminating air (oxygen) near the flame, etc. The synergistic effect of these can improve fire extinguishing performance.

In addition, the structure of the fire extinguisher 10 is a mixture of a pressurized type using a gas container 16 filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas and a pressure accumulator type filled with low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 in the main body container 12. If a pressure gauge is provided, leakage of the filling gas caused by corrosion of the main container 12 or for some other reason can be clearly seen from the indicated value, which has the advantage of preventing non-release of extinguishing agent in the event of a fire.

On the other hand, by using the pressurized type using the gas container 16 filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas, the high-pressure nitrogen gas of 2.0 MPa or more required for fine spray fire extinguishing can be safely stored in the closed-type gas container 16. By making the water fine and suffocating the nitrogen gas, the fire extinguishing effect can be greatly increased.

Further, a sufficient amount of high-pressure nitrogen gas required for fine spraying of water can be stored in the gas container 16, and the fire extinguisher 10 can be downsized. In this case, the high-pressure nitrogen gas filled in the gas container 16 is not released into the main container 12, but is released to the outside through the nozzle mechanism 24B to atomize the water, and the pressure inside the main container 12 is reduced to a low pressure. Since the accumulated pressure of the nitrogen gas 18 does not rise above 0.7 to 0.9 MPa, accidents such as container destruction during use can be reliably prevented.

Additionally, both the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 that sends out the water 20 and the high-pressure nitrogen gas that atomizes the water can be provided in the same main container 12, which has significant advantages such as miniaturization, low cost, and simple structure. big.

In addition, the fire extinguisher 10 of the present embodiment collides the discharged high-pressure nitrogen gas with the nitrogen fine atomized by the low-pressure nitrogen gas to further refine the water particles. A relatively small nitrogen spray with an average particle size of 10 μm to several tens of μm is released, and can be used as a B fire extinguisher suitable for electrical fires or a C fire extinguisher suitable for oil fires.

[Two-fluid switching radiant fire extinguisher]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguisher that performs two-fluid switching radiation, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the nozzle mechanism of FIG. 5 taken out.

(Structure of fire extinguisher)
The fire extinguisher of this embodiment is characterized in that when the fire extinguisher is used, high-pressure nitrogen gas is first released, and after a period of time, the system switches to releasing fine nitrogen mist.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fire extinguisher 10 of this embodiment has the same basic structure and function as the two-fluid external mixing radiation type fire extinguisher shown in FIG. 4, but has the following differences. are doing.

In the nozzle mechanism 24B of this embodiment, a first cylinder 76 and a second cylinder 78 are formed in the base 60a in the vertical direction, and the first piston 72 is slidably incorporated into the first cylinder 76, and the second cylinder 78 The first piston 72 and the second piston 74 are connected by a rod 80, and the rod 80 extends below the second piston 74 and has a seal 48 at its tip. A cutter 80a for opening the package is formed.

The upper cylinder chamber of the first piston 72 is connected to a passage from the first introduction port 62 through which high-pressure nitrogen gas is supplied, and the lower cylinder chamber of the second piston 74 is connected to the low pressure inside the main body container 12. A second inlet 64 through which water pressurized by nitrogen gas 18 is supplied is in communication with an inlet 65 leading to the center nozzle 60c.

Here, if the pressure receiving area where the first piston 72 receives the pressure P1 of the high pressure nitrogen gas is S1, and the pressure receiving area where the second piston 74 receives the pressure P2 of the low pressure nitrogen gas 18 in the main body container 12 is S2,
S1<S2
The diameter of the first piston 72 is made small and the diameter of the second piston 74 is made large so that.

Further, the first piston 72 is provided with one seal ring 82, but the second piston 74 is provided with two seal rings 84, 86, and the second piston 74 comes into contact with the lower end. In this case, the inlet 65 for the center nozzle 60c is located between the two seal rings 84 and 86 so that the inlet 65 can be sealed tightly.

(Switching operation of two fluid discharge)
7 is a sectional view showing a state in which high-pressure nitrogen gas is released by the nozzle mechanism of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a state of switching to fine nitrogen spray in FIG. 6.

When using the fire extinguisher 10 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in case of a fire, when the safety plug 45 is pulled out and the upper lever 38 is unlocked and pushed down, the plunger 42 is pushed down and the cutter 44 at the tip is activated. The seal 16a of the gas container 16 is pierced and opened, and the high-pressure nitrogen gas filled inside is sent into the surrounding nozzle 60b through the first inlet 62 of the nozzle body 60, as shown in FIG. High pressure nitrogen gas 90 is emitted in a cylindrical shape from the first ejection port 66 at the tip.

Further, the high-pressure nitrogen gas released from the gas container 16 is added to the upper cylinder chamber of the first piston 72, and as shown in FIG. The seal 48 is pierced by the cutter 80a at the tip of the rod 80, and the main container 12 is opened. It is supplied to the inlet 64.

At this time, the second piston 74 moves to a position where it comes into contact with the lower side of the second cylinder 78, and the seal rings 84 and 86 provided on the second piston 74 are located on both sides of the inlet 65 to the center nozzle 60c, and the seal rings 84 and 86 are located at the center. The flow path to the nozzle 60c is closed.

Therefore, an upward force (P2・S2) is applied to the second piston 74, but between it and the downward force (P1・S1) applied to the first piston 72,
(P1・S1)>(P2・S2)
Because of this relationship, the first piston 72 and the second piston 74 do not move, and only the high pressure nitrogen gas 90 from the gas container 16 maintains the single fluid discharge from the fire extinguisher 10.

As time passes after the gas container 16 is opened and the high-pressure nitrogen gas starts to be released, the pressure P1 of the high-pressure nitrogen gas gradually decreases.
(P1・S1)<(P2・S2)
When the upward force (P2, S2) exceeds the downward force (P1, S1), the second piston 74 is pushed up together with the first piston 72, and the second inlet 64 is pushed up, as shown in FIG. is in communication with the center nozzle 60c, and by pressurizing the low-pressure nitrogen gas 18 filled inside the main body container 12, water 20 is sent from the siphon pipe 22 through the second inlet 64 to the center nozzle 60c, and the water 20 at the tip is fed into the center nozzle 60c. A finely atomized nitrogen mist 92 is discharged from the second discharge port 68, and the system switches to two-fluid discharge.

As more time passes and the pressure P1 of the high-pressure nitrogen gas released from the gas container 16 further decreases, the upward force (P2/S2) applied to the second piston 74 pushes it up, causing the first piston 72 to move to the first position. It moves to a position where it comes into contact with the upper end of the cylinder 76, completely opens the flow path to the center nozzle 60c, and switches to emission mainly consisting of fine nitrogen spray 92.

Therefore, according to the two-fluid switching type fire extinguisher of this embodiment, when the lever of the fire extinguisher is operated, high-pressure nitrogen gas is first released from the gas container, and the firepower is suppressed by the suffocation effect of the nitrogen gas, and time elapses. When the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen gas decreases, the system switches to releasing a fine nitrogen spray made by atomizing water using the low-pressure nitrogen gas in the main container, and the fire is extinguished by the cooling effect of the fine nitrogen spray and the suffocation effect of the nitrogen gas. be able to.

[Modification of the present invention]
(extinguishing liquid)
In this embodiment, ordinary water is used as the extinguishing liquid, but distilled water, pure water, or ultrapure water may also be used to suppress ionization due to impurities. Alternatively, it may be a liquid mixed with an extinguishing agent.

(inert gas)
Although the above embodiment uses nitrogen gas for extinguishing by suffocation, it is also possible to use an inert gas other than nitrogen gas, such as carbon dioxide. However, when carbon dioxide is used as the inert gas, there is a problem of oxygen deficiency, so it is necessary to limit its use as a fire extinguisher in open spaces such as outdoors.

(hose)
In the above embodiment, fine nitrogen mist is emitted from the nozzle provided on the upper part of the fire extinguisher, but hoses are connected to the nozzle parts of the nozzle mechanisms 24A and 24B, and the fine nitrogen mist is emitted from the nozzle at the end of the hose. It's okay.

(Fire extinguisher size)
Further, the size of the fire extinguisher can be set to an appropriate capacity, such as small, medium, or large, as necessary.

(others)
Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes appropriate modifications without impairing the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiments.

10: Fire extinguisher 12: Main container 14: Lid member 15, 90: High pressure nitrogen gas 16: Gas container 16a: Seal 18: Low pressure nitrogen gas 20: Water 22: Siphon pipes 24A, 24B: Nozzle mechanism 26, 60: Nozzle main body 27: Mixing chamber 28: First inlet 30: Second inlet 31: Piping 32: Outlet 34, 70: Protective cap 36: Lower lever 38: Upper lever 40: Axis pins 42, 46: Plunger 43: Plan Jar case 44, 46a, 54a, 80a: cutter 45: safety plug 48: seal 50, 92: nitrogen fine spray 52: piston 54: rod 56: cylinder 60a: base 60b: peripheral nozzle 60c: center nozzle 62: first introduction Port 64: Second introduction port 66: First discharge port 68: Second discharge port 72: First piston 74: Second piston 76: First cylinder 78: Second cylinder 80: Rods 82, 84, 86: Seal ring

Claims (3)

a main container filled with a predetermined amount of fire extinguishing liquid and a predetermined first pressure range of low-pressure gas;
a gas container filled with high-pressure gas having a predetermined second pressure range higher than the first pressure range;
an operation unit for opening the gas container;
The high-pressure gas flowing from the gas container opened by the operation part is released to the outside, and the main container is opened by the action of the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas, and the fire extinguishing liquid pressurized with the low-pressure gas is released. When the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas is lower than the liquid pressure, the discharge path of the extinguishing liquid is opened by the action of the liquid pressure, and a fine spray of the extinguishing liquid is released to the outside by pressurizing the low-pressure gas. Fine spray nozzle mechanism,
A fire extinguisher characterized by being equipped with.
In the fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
A fire extinguisher characterized in that the low pressure gas and the high pressure gas are inert gases.
In the fire extinguisher according to claim 1 or 2,
A fire extinguisher characterized in that the low pressure gas and the high pressure gas are nitrogen gas.

Images