JP7426272B2 - friction damper - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a friction damper that suppresses vibrations of structures such as buildings.

Vibration dampers that reduce the shaking of buildings and other structures during earthquakes and strong winds include viscoelastic dampers using viscoelastic materials such as rubber, viscous dampers using viscous materials such as oil, and steel dampers using metal materials. Friction dampers using friction materials are known. For example, in a friction damper, a friction material and a mating member are placed in pressure contact with each other so as to be slidable relative to each other. When a building vibrates due to an earthquake or the like, the friction material and the other member slide against each other, generating frictional force. This converts vibration energy into thermal energy, suppressing vibrations in the building. The friction material is required to have a predetermined coefficient of dynamic friction, strength, wear resistance, etc., and sintered metal or resin material is used. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a friction material having a two-layer structure formed by joining a stainless steel plate and a resin plate. The resin plate is formed by heating and pressurizing powder such as a thermosetting resin, fiber material, friction modifier, filler, etc. on a stainless steel plate to solidify it into a plate shape (paragraph [ of Patent Document 1) 0021], [0027]).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-152900 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-70857 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-52289 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-232136

A large surface pressure is applied to the friction material that makes up the friction damper. Conventional materials do not have sufficient strength, so to prevent cracks, the thickness of the friction material must be increased, or the friction material must be assembled to a base material such as a metal plate as described in Patent Document 1. There was a need. For this reason, there were problems such as the friction damper becoming larger and the cost increasing. Furthermore, since friction materials are manufactured by sintering metal powder or press-molding powder such as resin, it is difficult to achieve dimensional accuracy when forming thin materials. Therefore, there was also a problem that the size and shape of the friction material were limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a friction damper that is equipped with a friction material having desired strength and wear resistance, and that can be made thin and compact.

In order to solve the above problems, a friction damper of the present invention includes a friction material and a mating member that is in pressure contact with the friction material and is slidably disposed with respect to the friction material. The friction material includes a base material, a resin layer laminated on the base material and in sliding contact with the mating member, and the resin layer includes a binder containing at least one of an epoxy resin and a polyamide-imide resin. and a lubricant containing polytetrafluoroethylene.

The friction damper of the present invention includes a friction material having a base material and a resin layer. The resin layer constitutes a sliding surface with a mating member. Epoxy resins and polyamide-imide resins have excellent wear resistance and heat resistance. Therefore, by forming the resin layer containing at least one of an epoxy resin and a polyamideimide resin, a sliding surface with excellent durability can be realized. This makes it difficult for the friction material to crack even when high surface pressure is applied, allowing the friction material to be made thinner and reducing costs. Furthermore, epoxy resins and polyamideimide resins have the advantage of being easy to form into paints. Therefore, a thin and highly durable resin layer can be formed relatively easily by turning the raw material for forming the resin layer into a paint and applying it to the base material. Thereby, the friction material can be downsized and the degree of freedom in shape is improved. Additionally, the resin layer includes a lubricant containing polytetrafluoroethylene. As a result, the resin layer has not only durability such as abrasion resistance but also slipperiness suitable for a friction material.

Incidentally, Patent Document 2 describes a seismic isolation structure using a slip seismic isolation technique. In the seismic isolation structure, a pair of sliding bottom plates and sliding face plates are arranged between the bottom of the concrete foundation structure and the inner bottom of the ground. Patent Document 2 describes that these plates are formed by coating the surface of a cement-based plate with an epoxy resin paint containing fluororesin particles. Patent Document 3 discloses that a pair of moving plates and a receiving substrate arranged as friction reducing means in a similar seismic isolation structure are each coated with a paint containing polyimide-based resin as a binder on the surface of a cement-based board. It is described that it is formed by It is also stated that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder may be blended into the paint. Patent Document 4 describes a disc brake shim having a sintered coating made of a low-friction material on one surface of a metal plate. As the sintered film, a film obtained by sintering a paint in which fine polyamide-imide resin particles and fine PTFE particles are dispersed in a solvent is described.

The pair of plate materials described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are not used for a member intended for vibration control, such as a friction damper, but are installed at the foundation of a building in a structure intended for seismic isolation. It is a member. Therefore, a coating made of the same material is formed on the contact surfaces of the pair of plate materials, and the coating has a sliding characteristic suitable for seismic isolation. In this respect, it differs from the friction material of a friction damper, which slides against a mating member different from itself and dampens vibrations using the frictional force at that time. Therefore, the characteristics necessary for a friction material, such as wear resistance and slipperiness, are different from the characteristics necessary for a member used in a seismic isolation structure. Furthermore, the shim described in Patent Document 4 is a member for disc brakes used in automobiles and the like. The main purpose of disc brake shims is to reduce the coefficient of friction, so they are different from friction materials for friction dampers, which generate frictional force but are required to have sliding properties. Furthermore, in the disc brake shim described in Patent Document 4, a sintered coating is formed on a metal plate from the viewpoint of maintaining a low friction state for a long period of time. Therefore, after applying the paint, it is necessary to heat it at a high temperature of 400 to 450°C.

It is a front view of the frame in which the friction damper of the first embodiment is installed. It is a sectional view taken along II-II of the same friction damper. FIG. 3 is a sectional view in the thickness direction of a first friction material constituting the same friction damper. It is a front view of the frame in which the friction damper of the second embodiment is installed. It is a VV sectional view of the same friction damper.

Embodiments of the friction damper of the present invention will be described below.

<First embodiment>
First, the configuration of the friction damper of the first embodiment will be explained. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a frame in which the friction damper of this embodiment is installed. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view taken along line II-II of the same friction damper. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of the first friction material constituting the friction damper.

As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 8 constituting the frame of the building includes a beam 80 placed on the upper side as a horizontal member, a foundation 81 placed on the lower side, and a predetermined gap between the beam 80 and the foundation 81. It includes a pair of left side pillars 82 and right side pillars 83 arranged with an interval between them. The friction damper 10 is installed within the frame 8 via a first brace piece 50 and a second brace piece 51.

The first brace piece 50 extends diagonally from the upper right joint part of the frame 8 (the joint part between the beam 80 and the right column 83). One end portion of the first brace piece 50 is fixed to the joint portion with a fitting 84. The second brace piece 51 extends diagonally from the lower left joint part of the frame 8 (the joint part between the base 81 and the left column 82). One end of the second brace piece 51 is fixed to the joint section with a mounting fitting 85. The first brace piece 50 and the second brace piece 51 move relatively back and forth due to the vibration of the frame 8. The friction damper 10 is connected in series between the first brace piece 50 and the second brace piece 51. The first brace piece 50 and the second brace piece 51 are included in the concept of brace in the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the friction damper 10 includes a first outer plate 20, a first friction material 21, a second outer plate 30, a second friction material 31, an intermediate plate 40, and a first mating member 41. and a second counterpart member 42.

The first outer plate 20 and the second outer plate 30 are both made of SAPH (hot rolled steel plate for automobile structures). The first outer plate 20 has bolt holes 200a and 200b for assembly at two locations in the longitudinal direction. The second outer plate 30 also has bolt holes 300a and 300b for assembly at two locations in the longitudinal direction. A method for assembling each member will be described later.

The first friction material 21 is arranged on the back side of the first outer plate 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the first friction material 21 has bolt holes 210 for assembly. The first friction material 21 has a first base material 22 and a first resin layer 23. The first base material 22 is made of a steel plate and has a rectangular shape. The first resin layer 23 is formed on the back surface 220 of the first base material 22. The back surface 220 of the first base material 22 has been subjected to degreasing treatment and blasting treatment. The first resin layer 23 includes an epoxy resin as a binder and PTFE powder as a lubricant. The thickness of the first resin layer 23 is 20 μm, the pencil hardness is 3H, and the coefficient of dynamic friction is 0.2.

Returning to FIG. 2, the second friction material 31 is arranged on the front side of the second outer plate 30. The second friction material 31 has the same shape and dimensions as the first friction material 21. The second friction material 31 has bolt holes 310 for assembly. The second friction material 31 has a second base material 32 and a second resin layer 33. The second resin layer 33 is formed on the surface of the second base material 32. The configurations of the second base material 32 and the second resin layer 33 are the same as those of the first base material 22 and the first resin layer 23 described above. The first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 are included in the concept of friction material in the present invention.

The middle plate 40 is made of SAPH. The middle plate 40 has a long hole 400 and a bolt hole 401 for assembly. The long hole 400 has an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 40 (the reciprocating direction described later). The first mating member 41 is arranged on the front side of the middle plate 40. The first mating member 41 is made of a stainless steel plate and has a rectangular shape. The first mating member 41 has a long hole 410 having the same shape and size as the long hole 400 of the intermediate plate 40 . The second counterpart member 42 is arranged on the back side of the intermediate plate 40. The second mating member 42 is made of a stainless steel plate and has a rectangular shape. The second mating member 42 has the same shape and dimensions as the first mating member 41. The second mating member 42 has a long hole 420 having the same shape and dimensions as the long hole 400 of the intermediate plate 40 . The first mating member 41 and the second mating member 42 are fixed to the intermediate plate 40 with screws. The first mating member 41 and the second mating member 42 are included in the concept of mating member in the present invention.

The first brace piece 50 has a bolt hole 500 for assembly at the other end opposite to the one end fixed to the joint part. The other end of the first brace piece 50 is inserted between the first outer plate 20 and the second outer plate 30. The first outer plate 20, the second outer plate 30, and the first brace piece 50 are fixed by tightening bolts 52 inserted into bolt holes 200b, 500, and 300b penetrating in the thickness direction with nuts 53. There is. The second brace piece 51 has a bolt hole 510 for assembly at the other end opposite to the one end fixed to the joint part. The other end of the second brace piece 51 overlaps the middle plate 40. The middle plate 40 and the second brace piece 51 are fixed by tightening bolts 52 inserted into bolt holes 401 and 510 penetrating in the thickness direction with nuts 53.

Further, the first outer plate 20, the second outer plate 30, and the middle plate 40 have bolt holes 200a, 210, 300a, 310 penetrating in the thickness direction, and bolts 52 inserted into the elongated holes 400, 410, 420. is fixed by tightening with a nut 53. Due to the tightening force of the bolt 52 and nut 53, the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41, and the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42 are pressed into contact with each other. Here, the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41 are slidable relative to each other. Similarly, the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42 are slidable relative to each other. Therefore, when the first brace piece 50 and the second brace piece 51 move relatively back and forth, the first outer plate 20 and second outer plate 30 and the middle plate 40, which are fixed to each other, move relatively back and forth. do. Then, the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41 and the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42 slide, respectively, and generate frictional force. This suppresses vibrations of the frame 8, that is, the building.

Next, a method for manufacturing the first friction material 21 in the friction damper 10 will be explained. The method for manufacturing the second friction material 31 is also the same as the method for manufacturing the first friction material 21. First, as a paint for forming the first resin layer 23, a paint containing an epoxy resin and PTFE powder is prepared. Regarding the first base material 22, one surface (the back surface 220 in FIG. 3) is degreased and then subjected to a blasting treatment. Next, the prepared paint is applied to one surface of the first base material 22 and dried under predetermined conditions. In this way, the first friction material 21 in which the first resin layer 23 is laminated on the back surface 220 of the first base material 22 is manufactured.

Next, the effects of the friction damper of this embodiment will be explained. The friction damper 10 includes a first friction material 21 and a second friction material 31. The first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 each have a first resin layer 23 and a second resin layer 33. The first resin layer 23 constitutes a sliding surface with the first mating member 41, and the second resin layer 33 constitutes a sliding surface with the second mating member 42. Since the first resin layer 23 and the second resin layer 33 each contain an epoxy resin, they have excellent durability such as wear resistance. Further, the first base material 22 and the second base material 32 are made of steel plates and have excellent rigidity. Therefore, even if they are pressed together and high surface pressure is applied, the first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 are unlikely to be damaged. Thereby, the first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 can be made thinner, and costs can be reduced. Moreover, the first resin layer 23 and the second resin layer 33 are formed using paint. Therefore, the thin first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 can be manufactured relatively easily with good dimensional accuracy. Further, the back surface 220 (the surface on which the first resin layer 23 is formed) of the first base material 22 has been previously subjected to degreasing treatment and blasting treatment. This increases the adhesion of the first resin layer 23 and further improves the durability of the first friction material 21. Similarly, the surface of the second base material 32 (the surface on which the second resin layer 33 is formed) is also subjected to degreasing treatment and blasting treatment in advance. This increases the adhesion of the second resin layer 33 and further improves the durability of the second friction material 31.

The pencil hardness of the first resin layer 23 and the second resin layer 33 is 3H, and they are relatively hard. Therefore, the first resin layer 23 and the second resin layer 33 have excellent wear resistance. On the other hand, the hardness of the first resin layer 23 is smaller than the hardness of the first mating member 41, and the hardness of the second resin layer 33 is smaller than the hardness of the second mating member 42. Therefore, the first mating member 41 and the second mating member 42 are not worn excessively during sliding. Since the first resin layer 23 and the second resin layer 33 contain PTFE powder, in addition to durability such as wear resistance, they also have sliding properties suitable for friction materials. Therefore, it has excellent vibration damping performance due to frictional force, and is less likely to generate abnormal noise during sliding.

<Second embodiment>
The difference between the friction damper of this embodiment and the friction damper of the first embodiment is that the installation form of the friction damper and the material of the resin layer constituting the friction material are different. Here, we will mainly explain the differences. FIG. 4 shows a front view of a frame in which the friction damper of this embodiment is installed. FIG. 5 shows a VV cross-sectional view of the same friction damper. Note that in FIGS. 4 and 5, members and parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 3 and 4 described above are indicated by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIG. 4, the friction damper 11 is installed on the right side of the left column 82 within the frame 8. The friction damper 11 is installed approximately at the center of the left column 82 in the height direction (vertical direction). Two upper braces 54 and a lower brace 55 are connected to the friction damper 11 . The upper brace 54 extends diagonally downward to the left from the upper right joint portion of the frame 8 (the joint portion between the beam 80 and the right column 83). One end of the upper brace 54 is fixed to the joint section by a fitting 84. The lower brace 55 extends diagonally upward to the left from the lower right joint portion of the frame 8 (the joint portion between the base 81 and the right column 83). One end of the lower brace 55 is fixed to the joint section with a fitting 86. Within the frame 8, the upper brace 54 and the lower brace 55 are arranged in a K-shape. The upper brace 54 and the lower brace 55 are displaced by the vibration of the frame 8. The friction damper 11 is connected between the other end of the upper brace 54 and the other end of the lower brace 55. In the friction damper 11, the sliding direction of the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41, and the sliding direction of the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42, which will be described later, is the vertical direction as shown by the white arrow in FIG. It is. The upper brace 54 and the lower brace 55 are included in the concept of two braces constituting a K-type brace in the present invention.

The basic configuration of the friction damper 11 is the same as the basic configuration of the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the friction damper 11 includes a first outer plate 20, a first friction material 21, a second outer plate 30, a second friction material 31, an intermediate plate 40, and a first mating member 41. and a second counterpart member 42.

The first friction material 21 is arranged on the back side of the first outer plate 20. The first friction material 21 has a first base material 22 and a first resin layer 24. The first resin layer 24 includes a polyamide-imide resin as a binder and PTFE powder as a lubricant. The thickness of the first resin layer 24 is 20 μm, the pencil hardness is 3H, and the coefficient of dynamic friction is 0.2. The second friction material 31 is arranged on the front side of the second outer plate 30. The second friction material 31 has a second base material 32 and a second resin layer 34. The second resin layer 34, like the first resin layer 24, includes polyamide-imide resin and PTFE powder. Regarding the first resin layer 24 and the second resin layer 34, similarly to the first embodiment, a paint containing polyamide-imide resin and PTFE powder is applied to one surface of the first base material 22 and the second base material 32. It is formed by drying. The first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 are included in the concept of friction material in the present invention.

Returning to FIG. 4, the other end of the upper brace 54 opposite to the one end fixed to the joint section is fixed to the upper end of the middle plate 40 with bolts and nuts. The other end of the lower brace 55 opposite to the one end fixed to the joint section is fixed to the lower end of the middle plate 40 with bolts and nuts.

A mounting member 56 for attaching the friction damper 11 to the left column 82 is installed on the right side of the left column 82 of the frame 8 . A part of the mounting member 56 is interposed between the first outer plate 20 and the second outer plate 30, and by tightening that part with bolts and nuts, the first outer plate 20 and the second outer plate 30 are attached. is fixed.

Similar to the first embodiment, the first outer plate 20, the second outer plate 30, and the middle plate 40 include the first friction material 21, the first mating member 41, the second friction material 31, and the second mating member 42. It is fixed with bolts 52 and nuts 53 in a sandwiched state. Due to the tightening force of the bolt 52 and nut 53, the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41, and the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42 are pressed into contact with each other. Here, the middle plate 40, the first mating member 41, and the second mating member 42 are formed with elongated holes that are elongated in the vertical direction (sliding direction). Therefore, when the upper brace 54 and the lower mold brace 55 are displaced, the middle plate 40 moves in the vertical direction, and the first friction material 21 and the first mating member 41, and the second friction material 31 and the second mating member 42, respectively. It slides and generates frictional force. This suppresses vibrations of the frame 8, that is, the building.

The friction damper of this embodiment and the friction damper of the first embodiment have similar functions and effects with respect to portions that have a common configuration. Since the first resin layer 24 and the second resin layer 34 each contain polyamide-imide resin, they have excellent durability such as wear resistance. Therefore, even if they are pressed together and high surface pressure is applied, the first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 are unlikely to be damaged. Thereby, the first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 can be made thinner, and costs can be reduced. Moreover, the first resin layer 24 and the second resin layer 34 are formed using paint. Therefore, the thin first friction material 21 and the second friction material 31 can be manufactured relatively easily with good dimensional accuracy. The pencil hardness of the first resin layer 24 and the second resin layer 34 is 3H, and they are relatively hard. Therefore, the first resin layer 24 and the second resin layer 34 have excellent wear resistance. On the other hand, the hardness of the first resin layer 24 is smaller than the hardness of the first mating member 41, and the hardness of the second resin layer 34 is smaller than the hardness of the second mating member 42. Therefore, the first mating member 41 and the second mating member 42 are not worn excessively during sliding.

<Other forms>
The embodiments of the friction damper of the present invention have been described above. However, the embodiments are not limited to the above embodiments, and the friction damper of the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved forms that can be made by those skilled in the art.

The installation form of the friction damper of the present invention is not particularly limited. The location where the friction damper of the present invention is installed may be appropriately selected from pillars, horizontal members, braces, reinforcing members, etc. that constitute the frame of the structure. When a single brace is constructed by connecting friction dampers in series between a plurality of brace pieces as in the first embodiment, the number of friction dampers, their connection positions, etc. are not limited. Further, a friction damper may be installed between one brace and a pillar or the like. When a friction damper is connected to a K-shaped brace as in the second embodiment, it may be placed between two braces, or it may be placed in the middle of one brace. That is, one brace constituting the K-type brace may be composed of a plurality of brace pieces, and the brace pieces may be connected in series. The method of attaching the brace, the arrangement thereof, etc. are not particularly limited. For example, one end of the brace does not necessarily have to be attached to the joint, but can be attached to any part of the beam, pillar, etc. That is, the brace may be installed from the intermediate portion of a beam, a column, or the like, or may be attached to a reinforcing member that is appropriately provided as a horizontal member or the like.

The friction damper of the present invention includes a friction material and a mating member. In the above embodiment, the friction damper has a two-sided structure including two pairs of friction materials and a mating member, and has two sliding surfaces. However, a one-sided structure having a pair of friction materials and a mating member may be used, or a multi-sided structure having three or more pairs of friction materials and a mating member. In the above embodiment, the first outer plate and the second outer plate are used as members for fixing the friction material, and the middle plate is used as the member for fixing the mating member. The material, shape, etc. of these fixing members are not particularly limited. In the above embodiment, the friction material and the mating member were fixed in pressure contact with each other using bolts and nuts. In this case, in order to suppress a decrease in the fastening force, a disc spring or the like may be interposed between the bolt or the like and the fixing member (first outer plate, second outer plate, etc.).

[Friction material]
The friction material has a base material and a resin layer. Although the material of the base material is not limited, metal materials such as steel are desirable from the viewpoints of strength, rigidity, and durability. For example, the base material is preferably a metal plate made of SS400 (general structural rolled steel), SAPH, stainless steel, or the like. From the perspective of increasing the adhesion with the resin layer and improving the durability of the friction material, the surface of the base material on which the resin layer is placed is subjected to surface roughening treatment such as blasting treatment or chemical conversion film formation treatment. It is desirable that the

The resin layer is laminated on the base material and comes into sliding contact with the mating member. The resin layer includes a binder and a lubricant. Among these, the binder includes at least one of an epoxy resin and a polyamideimide resin. That is, the binder may include at least one selected from epoxy resins and polyamideimide resins, and may also include other resins. Examples of other resins include phenol resins and silicone resins. The lubricant includes PTFE. The lubricant is not limited to PTFE, but in addition to PTFE, it may also include tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), Even if it contains ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), etc. good. Further, in addition to PTFE, molybdenum, graphite, mica, etc. may be included. For example, FEP has a lower melting point than PTFE, so when used in combination, film forming properties are improved. Furthermore, the resin layer may contain an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a mold release agent, etc. as components other than the binder and lubricant.

The content ratio of the binder and the lubricant may be appropriately determined in consideration of the durability and sliding properties of the resin layer. Although it depends on the thickness of the resin layer, if the binder content is low, durability will be reduced. For example, it is desirable that the binder and lubricant be contained in a mass ratio of 5:5 to 9:1.

The thickness of the resin layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of wear resistance, it is desirably 20 μm or more. Further, from the viewpoint of film formability when forming using a paint, it is desirable that the thickness is 100 μm or less. From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness and cost, the thickness is preferably 60 μm or less, more preferably 40 μm or less.

The hardness of the resin layer is not particularly limited. For example, from the viewpoint of wear resistance, it is desirable that the pencil hardness of the resin layer is H or more and 5H or less. For the pencil hardness, a value measured by a method based on JIS K 5600-5-4:1999 is used. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of not excessively wearing out the mating member during sliding, it is desirable that the hardness of the resin layer is smaller than the hardness of the sliding contact surface of the mating member with the friction material.

In addition to durability such as abrasion resistance, the resin layer needs to have appropriate slipperiness while still generating frictional force. For example, if the dynamic friction coefficient of the resin layer is too small, no frictional force can be obtained. On the other hand, if the coefficient of dynamic friction of the resin layer is too large, it may cause abnormal noise or damage. For example, the dynamic friction coefficient of the resin layer is desirably 0.1 or more and 0.3 or less.

The friction material can be manufactured by applying a paint to form a resin layer on the surface of a base material and drying it. The coating material for forming the resin layer may be prepared by mixing raw materials containing a binder and a lubricant using a blade stirring method, a three-roll mill, a bead mill, or the like.

[Mating member]
The mating member is placed in pressure contact with the friction material and is slidable relative to the friction material. Although the material of the mating member is not limited, metal materials such as steel are desirable from the viewpoints of strength, rigidity, and durability. For example, it is desirable that the mating member be a metal plate made of stainless steel or the like. Further, it is preferable that the mating member has a resin coating formed by cationic electrodeposition coating on the sliding contact surface with the friction material. Examples of this form include SS boards, SAPH boards, etc., on which a resin film is formed by cationic electrodeposition coating or the like.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

<Manufacture of friction materials>
First, various paints shown in Table 1 below were prepared as paints for forming the resin layer. A steel plate (SS400) with a thickness of 4.5 mm was prepared as a base material. The surface of the base material on which the resin layer was to be formed was degreased in advance and additional surface treatment was performed as appropriate. Next, the prepared paint was applied to the surface of the base material and dried under predetermined conditions. In this way, a friction material having a resin layer formed on one surface of the base material was manufactured. The method for manufacturing the friction material will be explained below. Further, Table 1 below shows the composition, hardness and thickness of the resin layer in the manufactured friction material, and the type of surface treatment of the base material. In Table 1, the friction materials of Examples 1 to 12 are included in the concept of friction materials constituting the friction damper of the present invention.

[Example 1]
First, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin as a binder ("Arachid (registered trademark) 9201N" manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and the PTFE powder as a lubricant is 5:5 in terms of the solid content of the epoxy resin. A paint A1 was prepared by mixing the following ingredients and stirring with a blade. Next, paint A1 was applied to the surface of the blast-treated base material to a film thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 120° C. for 20 minutes to form a resin layer. When the pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured, it was 3H. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Example 1.

[Example 2]
Paint A2 was prepared in the same manner as paint A1, except that the blending ratio of binder and lubricant was changed to 7:3. A friction material of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 1 except that paint A2 was used instead of paint A1.

[Example 3]
The friction material of Example 3 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 1, except that paint A1 was changed to paint A2 and it was applied with a film thickness of 10 μm.

[Example 4]
The friction material of Example 4 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 1, except that paint A1 was changed to paint A2 and a base material that had not been subjected to any surface treatment other than degreasing was used.

[Example 5]
Paint A3 was prepared in the same manner as paint A1, except that the blending ratio of binder and lubricant was changed to 9:1. Then, a friction material of Example 5 was manufactured in the same manner as the friction material of Example 1 except that paint A1 was changed to paint A3.

[Example 6]
First, a polyamide-imide resin ("Viromax (registered trademark) HR-16NN" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) as a binder and PTFE powder as a lubricant are mixed at a mass ratio of 5 in terms of the solid content of the polyamide-imide resin. :5 and stirred with a blade to prepare paint B1. Next, paint B1 was applied to the surface of the blast-treated base material to a film thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 230° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. When the pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured, it was 2H. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Example 6.

[Example 7]
Paint B2 was prepared in the same manner as paint B1, except that the blending ratio of binder and lubricant was changed to 7:3. A friction material of Example 7 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 6 except that paint B1 was changed to paint B2.

[Example 8]
Paint B3 was prepared in the same manner as paint B1, except that the blending ratio of binder and lubricant was changed to 9:1. A friction material of Example 8 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 6 except that paint B1 was changed to paint B3.

[Example 9]
First, paint A4 ("Polyflon (registered trademark) PTFE TC-7408GY" manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) containing an epoxy resin as a binder and PTFE powder as a lubricant was prepared. Next, paint A4 was applied to the surface of the blast-treated base material to a film thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 180° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. When the pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured, it was 3H. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Example 9.

[Example 10]
A friction material of Example 10 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 9, except that paint A4 was applied with a film thickness of 40 μm.

[Example 11]
The friction material of Example 11 was produced in the same manner as the friction material of Example 9, except that paint A4 was applied with a film thickness of 40 μm and a base material that had not been subjected to any surface treatment other than degreasing was used.

[Example 12]
First, paint B4 ("Polyflon PTFE TC-7109BK" manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) having a polyamide-imide resin as a binder and PTFE powder as a lubricant was prepared. Next, paint B4 was applied to the surface of the blast-treated base material to a film thickness of 40 μm, and dried at 280° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. When the pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured, it was 3H. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Example 12.

[Comparative example 1]
First, the urethane resin (Nipporan (registered trademark) 5230 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) as a binder and the PTFE powder as a lubricant were mixed so that the mass ratio was 5:5 in terms of the solid content of the urethane resin. Coating C was prepared by blending and stirring with a blade. Next, paint C was applied to the surface of the blast-treated base material to a film thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 160° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. The pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured and was B. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Comparative Example 1.

[Comparative example 2]
First, paint A5 ("SOLVEST (registered trademark) 306" manufactured by ST Corporation) having an epoxy resin as a binder and molybdenum disulfide powder and graphite powder as lubricants was prepared. Next, paint A5 was applied to the surface of the base material on which the iron phosphate film had been formed by chemical conversion film formation treatment, aiming for a film thickness of 25 μm, and dried at 180° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. The pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured and was B. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Comparative Example 2.

[Comparative example 3]
First, a paint B6 ("SOLVEST 374" manufactured by ST Corporation) having a polyamide-imide resin as a binder and molybdenum disulfide powder and graphite powder as lubricants was prepared. Next, paint B6 was applied to the surface of the base material on which the iron phosphate film had been formed by chemical conversion film formation treatment, with a film thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 280° C. for 30 minutes to form a resin layer. When the pencil hardness of the resin layer was measured, it was 5H. The obtained friction material is referred to as the friction material of Comparative Example 3.

<Manufacture of friction dampers>
The produced friction material and a mating member made of a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 2 mm were assembled to produce an evaluation sample of a two-sided friction damper having the same configuration as the first embodiment. That is, first, one of two friction materials of the same type was fixed to the first outer panel so that the resin layer side was exposed, and the other one was similarly fixed to the second outer panel. Next, mating members were fixed one by one on both sides of the middle plate in the thickness direction. Then, the middle plate was sandwiched between the first outer plate and the second outer plate so that the resin layer of the friction material was in contact with the mating member, and the center portion was fixed with bolts.

<Evaluation of friction damper>
[Evaluation method]
A vibration test was performed on the evaluation sample to evaluate the sliding properties and durability of the friction material. For the vibration test, a dynamic loading tester was used, and an actuator reciprocated the middle plate to cause the mating member to slide against the friction material.

(1) Sliding property The conditions of the vibration test (hereinafter referred to as the sliding property evaluation test) in which sliding property was evaluated are as follows.
Surface pressure when tightening bolts: Approximately 10MPa
Displacement: ±7.5mm
Excitation frequency: 3.0Hz
Number of vibrations: 3 cycles The dynamic friction coefficient of the friction material was calculated from the load-displacement characteristics obtained in the sliding property evaluation test, and it was confirmed whether sound was generated during sliding. The dynamic friction coefficient of the friction material was calculated using the following formula (I). In formula (I), the frictional force is the average value of the positive and negative intercept loads of the load-displacement history curve.
Frictional force (kN) = Bolt axial force (kN) x Dynamic friction coefficient x Number of friction surfaces ... (I)
If there is no sliding sound and the dynamic friction coefficient is 0.1 or more and 0.3 or less, the sliding property is good (A judgment), and if there is no sliding sound and the dynamic friction coefficient is less than 0.1, the sliding property is good. Slightly poor (B rating) and cases with sliding noise were evaluated as poor sliding properties (C rating).

(2) Durability The conditions of the vibration test (hereinafter referred to as durability evaluation test) for evaluating durability are as follows.
Surface pressure when tightening bolts: Approximately 10MPa
Displacement: ±30mm
Excitation frequency: 0.5Hz
Number of vibrations: 85 cycles In the durability evaluation test, it was confirmed whether noise was generated during sliding, and the rate of decrease in the frictional force of the friction material was determined from the obtained load-displacement history curve. Durability is determined when there is no sliding sound from the start of the test until the cumulative sliding distance of the middle plate due to excitation reaches 9 m, and the frictional force of the friction material remains at least 70% of the frictional force before the test. If there is no sliding sound until the cumulative sliding distance reaches 6 m, and the friction force of the friction material remains at least 70% of the friction force before the test, the durability is high (B grade). ), if there is no sliding sound until the cumulative sliding distance reaches 3 m, and if the frictional force of the friction material remains 70% or more of the frictional force before the test, the durability is normal (C judgment), and the cumulative sliding is judged as normal. Durability was evaluated as low (D rating) when a sliding sound occurred at a distance of less than 3 m or when the frictional force of the friction material was less than 70% of the frictional force before the test.

[Evaluation results]
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sliding properties and durability of the evaluation samples. In Table 1, evaluation samples comprising the friction materials of Examples 1 to 12 (hereinafter referred to as "friction dampers of Example 1", etc.) are included in the concept of the friction damper of the present invention.

As shown in Table 1, the friction dampers of Examples 1 to 12 all had good sliding properties (A rating) and average durability (C rating). Among these, comparing Examples 1, 2, and 5 in which the binder was an epoxy resin, durability improved as the blending ratio of the binder in the resin layer increased. Comparing Examples 6 to 8 in which the binder was a polyamide-imide resin, the durability improved as the blending ratio of the binder in the resin layer increased. Further, when comparing Examples 1, 3, and 4, durability was improved when the thickness of the resin layer was 20 μm or more and the base material was subjected to blasting treatment as surface roughening treatment. Similarly, when comparing Examples 9 to 11, durability was improved when the base material was subjected to blasting treatment.

On the other hand, according to the friction damper of Comparative Example 1 in which the resin layer of the friction material does not contain either epoxy resin or polyamide-imide resin as a binder, the hardness of the resin layer is low, and the resin layer Because it was easy to peel off, the durability was low (D rating). Furthermore, in the friction damper of Comparative Example 1 that did not contain PTFE as a lubricant, the durability was low regardless of the hardness of the resin layer (determined as D).

10, 11: Friction damper, 20: First outer plate, 21: First friction material, 22: First base material, 23, 24: First resin layer, 200a, 200b, 210: Bolt hole, 220: Back surface, 30: Second outer plate, 31: Second friction material, 32: Second base material, 33, 34: Second resin layer, 300a, 300b, 310: Bolt hole, 40: Middle plate, 41: First mating member , 42: Second mating member, 400, 410, 420: Long hole, 401: Bolt hole, 50: First brace piece, 51: Second brace piece, 52: Bolt, 53: Nut, 54: Upper brace, 55 : Lower brace, 56: Mounting member, 500, 510: Bolt hole, 8: Frame, 80: Beam, 81: Foundation, 82: Left column, 83: Right column, 84, 85, 86: Mounting metal fittings.

Claims (12)

A friction material and a mating member disposed in pressure contact with the friction material so as to be slidable relative to the friction material , the friction material generated when the friction material and the mating member slide. A friction damper that suppresses vibration by frictional force ,
The friction material includes a base material and a resin layer that is laminated on the base material and slides into contact with the mating member,
The resin layer includes a binder containing at least one of an epoxy resin and a polyamideimide resin, and a lubricant containing polytetrafluoroethylene,
A friction damper characterized in that the resin layer has a dynamic friction coefficient of 0.1 or more and 0.3 or less . The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the content ratio of the binder and the lubricant in the resin layer is 5:5 to 9:1 in mass ratio. The friction damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resin layer has a thickness of 20 μm or more and 100 μm or less. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resin layer has a pencil hardness of H or more and 5H or less. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hardness of the resin layer is smaller than the hardness of the sliding surface of the mating member that contacts the friction material. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the base material is a metal plate. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the surface of the base material on which the resin layer is arranged is roughened. The friction damper according to claim 7 , wherein the surface roughening treatment includes blasting treatment. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the mating member is a metal plate. The friction damper according to claim 9 , wherein the mating member has a resin coating on a sliding surface with the friction material. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the friction damper is connected in series to a brace installed on a frame of a structure. A K-shaped brace, in which two braces are arranged in a K-shape, is installed on the frame of the structure.
The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the friction damper is connected between two ends of the K-shaped brace.

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