JP7412289B2 - harvester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a harvester.

The harvesting machine includes a harvesting section that is installed at the front of the machine and harvests crops in the field, a conveyance device that conveys the crops harvested by the harvesting section toward the rear of the machine, and crops that are conveyed by the conveyance device. a threshing device that receives the threshed product as a threshed product and threshes the received threshed product, a handling chamber into which the crop is inputted as the threshed product by the conveying device to the threshing device, and a handling room in which the crop is input as the threshed product to the threshing device. Some types include a rotatably provided handling drum for threshing the threshed material thrown into the handling chamber, and a receiving net provided around the lower part of the handling drum. Furthermore, in this type of harvester, the handling drum includes a raking part provided at the front part of the handling drum and scraping the threshed material input into the handling chamber toward the rear of the handling drum; Some are provided with a handling section that is provided in a continuous manner at the rear of the raking section and handles and processes the threshed material from the raking section.

As this type of harvester, there is a combine shown in Patent Document 1. The combine shown in Patent Document 1 includes a reaping section as a harvesting section, a conveying section as a conveying device, and a threshing device. The threshing device is equipped with a handling chamber and a handling cylinder, and the handling cylinder is equipped with a raking part and a handling part. A reaping section as a harvesting section and a conveying section as a conveying device are provided.

JP 2019-4765 Publication

Conventionally, the harvested material (thrested material) input into the handling room is subjected to the handling action of the receiving net only in the handling section, so when a large amount of harvested material is inputted, the harvested material that is discharged from the handling room is This tends to result in a mixture of substances that are discharged without being treated sufficiently. So-called threshing defects tend to occur.

The present invention provides a harvester that can easily avoid threshing defects even when a large amount of threshed material is put into a handling room.

The harvester according to the invention comprises:
a harvesting section provided at the front of the machine for harvesting crops in the field; a conveyance device for conveying the crops harvested by the harvesting section toward the rear of the machine; and the crops conveyed by the conveyance device as threshed products. A threshing device is provided for receiving and threshing the received threshed material, and the threshing device is provided with a handling chamber into which the crop is input as the threshed material by the conveying device, and a handling chamber rotatably provided in the handling chamber. , a handling drum for threshing the threshed material inputted into the handling chamber, and a receiving net provided around a lower part of the handling drum, and a receiving net provided at the front part of the handling drum. a raking part which is provided to scrape the threshed material inputted into the handling chamber toward the rear of the handling drum; and a raking part which is provided in a state continuous with the rear part of the raking part and which removes the threshing material from the raking part. A handling section for handling and processing the material to be threshed is provided, and the scraping section includes a base section, and a handling section that is raised from the outer periphery of the base section toward the outside in the radial direction of the handling barrel to handle and process the material to be threshed. a spiral blade for raking toward the rear part of the handling barrel, the front part of the receiving net extends to just below the rear part of the raking part, and the front part of the receiving net extends between the rear part of the raking part and the front part of the receiving net. The plurality of dust sending valves overlap in the longitudinal direction and guide the threshed material toward the rear of the machine, and the plurality of dust sending valves are arranged in the raking section and the handling section in the handling chamber. The distance between the dust feeding valves located above and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the machine and located above the scraping section is greater than the distance between the dust feeding valves located above the handling section. narrow .

According to this configuration, before the threshed material is supplied between the handling section and the receiving net and is handled and processed by the handling section and the receiving net, it is handled by the spiral blade and the receiving net at the rear of the raking section. Therefore, even if a large amount of threshed material is put into the handling room, it is easy to avoid threshing defects.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the front portion extends to just below a central portion of the scratching portion in the front-rear direction, and that the central portion of the scratching portion and the front portion overlap in the front-rear direction.

According to this configuration, the distance in which the threshed material is transported by the spiral blades in the raking section and handled by the spiral blades and the receiving net becomes long, so even when a large amount of the threshed material is thrown into the handling room. , it is easier to avoid threshing defects.

In the present invention,
Preferably, the base portion is configured to have a tapered shape on the front side, with the diameter becoming smaller toward the front end of the handling cylinder.

According to this configuration, it is possible to increase the amount of threshed material that is thrown into the front part of the handling chamber and accommodated below the base part. In addition, since the base part has a tapered shape on the front side, even if the front part of the catch net is extended to just below the rear part of the raking part, the distance between the front part of the catch net and the base part becomes wide, and the threshing process Since the threshing material does not become clogged, even when a large amount of threshing material is input, the threshing material does not become clogged and the threshing process is carried out smoothly.

In the present invention,
A guide part is provided below the raking part in a forward downwardly inclined state and guides the threshed material put into the front part of the handling chamber toward the raking part, and It is preferable that the downward angle is larger than the upward upward angle at the lower end of the base portion.

According to this configuration, it is possible to increase the amount of threshing material that is thrown into the front part of the handling chamber and accommodated between the base part and the guide part. In addition, the distance between the front end of the receiving net and the base is wider, which prevents the threshing material from clogging, so even when a large amount of threshing material is thrown in, the threshing material does not become clogged, making the threshing process smoother. It will be held in

In the present invention,
It is preferable that four spiral blades are provided in parallel.

According to this configuration, the threshed material thrown into the front part of the handling chamber is scraped into the handling section by the four parallel spiral blades, so even when a large amount of threshed material is thrown in, the threshed material is Threshing process is smooth without clogging.

In the present invention,
A rod-shaped handling tooth support member that is provided in the handling processing section so as to be lined up in the circumferential direction of the handling cylinder and extends in the axial direction of the handling cylinder, and a plurality of locations in the handling cylinder axial direction of the handling tooth support member. It is preferable that a plurality of handling teeth protrude outward from the handling barrel in the radial direction.

According to this configuration, in the handling section, the threshed material flows between the inside and outside of the handling barrel through the spaces between the handling tooth support members, receives the handling action by the handling teeth and the receiving net, and further, Since the threshing action is applied by the impact of the handling tooth support member, even when a large amount of threshing material is thrown in, the threshing material is smoothly threshed without clogging, and defective threshing can be easily avoided.

It is a left side view showing the whole of a normal type combine harvester. It is a longitudinal side view of a threshing device. It is a front view of a threshing part. It is a side view showing the rear part of a conveyance device, and the front part of a handling cylinder. It is a front view showing the front end part of a spiral blade.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment which is an example of this invention is described based on drawing.
In the following explanation, regarding the traveling body of a regular combine harvester (an example of a "harvester"), the direction of arrow F shown in FIG. The direction of arrow D is defined as ``top of the aircraft,'' the direction of arrow D is ``bottom of the aircraft,'' the direction on the front side of the page is ``left side of the aircraft,'' and the direction on the back side of the page is ``right side of the aircraft.''

[Overall of normal combine harvester]
As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional combine harvester includes a body frame 1 constructed by connecting a plurality of steel materials such as square pipe materials, and a pair of left and right crawler-type traveling devices 2 provided at the bottom of the body frame 1. It is equipped with a traveling body that has A driving unit 4 and a harvesting conveyance device 6 are provided at the front of the traveling machine (front part of the machine). The driver section 4 is equipped with a driver's seat 3. An engine 5 is provided below the driver's seat 3. The harvesting and transporting device 6 includes a harvesting section 8 that is provided at the front of the harvesting and transporting device 6 and that cuts and harvests grain culms such as rice, wheat, and buckwheat as crops to be planted in the field using a clipper-type reaping device 7. and a conveying device 9 which is provided at the rear of the harvesting conveying device 6 and conveys the reaped grain culms harvested by the harvesting section 8 to a predetermined location on the traveling machine body. At the rear of the traveling machine, there is a threshing device 10 that receives and threshes the harvested grain culm transported by the transport device 9, and sorts the threshed product after threshing, and the grain obtained by the threshing device 10 is A grain tank 11 is provided for collecting and storing grains. A grain discharge device 12 for discharging grains from the grain tank 11 is connected to the rear part of the grain tank 11.

[Conveyance device configuration]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the conveyance device 9 includes a conveyance case 13 extending from the rear of the harvesting section 8 to the front of the threshing device 10. Inside the transport case 13, there is provided an endless rotating belt-like body 14 that is rotatably provided across a lower part of the transport case and an upper part of the transport case. The endless rotating belt-shaped body 14 is provided with locking and conveying portions 14a at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a shaft core 15a extending in the width direction of the handling chamber 20 of the threshing device 10 is provided in the inside of the transportation case 13 at a portion corresponding to the transportation terminal end of the transportation device 9. A rotating member 15 is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the axis 15a of the rotating member 15 is arranged at a lower position than the lower end 25t of the handling drum side circumferential surface of the receiving net 25 provided in the threshing device 10. In this embodiment, the receiving net 25 is provided with a rod-shaped member positioned below the handling cylinder 21 and formed in an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the handling cylinder 21 . The lower end 25t of the handling barrel side circumferential surface is the lower end of the portion of the rod-shaped member that is located lowest in the handling barrel front-rear direction view. The axis 15a of the rotating member 15 is arranged at a lower position than the lower end 33t of the spiral blade 33 of the scraping part 30 provided in the handling cylinder 21. The rotating member 15 feeds the harvested grain culm from the endless rotating belt 14 into the front part of the handling chamber 20. Specifically, the rotating member 15 is provided with a throwing blade 15b that spans the entire width of the conveying path in the conveying device 9. Three throwing blades 15b are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 15. The rotating member 15 throws the harvested grain culm from the endless rotating band 14 toward the spiral blade 33 from below the spiral blade 33 using the throwing blade 15b. In the present embodiment, the rotating member 15 is provided above the conveyance end portion of the endless rotating strip 14, but the present invention is not limited to this. A configuration may be adopted in which the rotation support shaft of the wheel body 16 is supported.

In the conveyance device 9, the rotating member 15 is driven by the power from the engine 5 in the rotational direction shown by the arrow Z (see FIG. 4) about the axis 15a. The wheel 16 around which the transport end side of the endless rotating belt 14 is wound is driven by the power transmitted from the rotating member 15 by an endless belt (not shown), so that the endless rotating belt 14 rotates around the wheel. It is driven by the body 16. The entire culm of the harvested grain culm from the harvesting section 8 from the base to the tip of the grain is transported inside the transport case 13 by the locking transport section 14a of the endless rotating band 14. The harvested grain culm conveyed by the endless rotating band 14 is transferred to the rotating member 15, and thrown by the throwing blades 15b of the rotating member 15 from below the spiral blades 33 toward the scraping part 30, and the threshing device 10 It is put into the handling room 20.

[Configuration of threshing device]
In explaining the threshing device 10 and the handling drum 21, the processing start side [grain culm input side (left side of the paper in FIG. 2)] of the threshing device 10 and the handling drum 21 is referred to as "front", and the processing of the threshing device 10 and the handling drum 21 is referred to as "front". The terminal end side [grain culm discharge side (right side of the paper in FIG. 2)] is referred to as "rear".

As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing device 10 includes a threshing section 10A provided at the top of the threshing device 10, and a sorting section 10B provided below the handling chamber 20 in the threshing section 10A. In the threshing device 10, the threshing processing direction in the threshing section 10A coincides with the front-rear direction of the traveling machine, and the upper side in the threshing processing direction is set to be located on the front side of the traveling machine.

As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing section 10A includes a handling chamber 20 formed in the upper part of the threshing device 10. A handling cylinder 21 is provided in the handling room 20. The handling cylinder 21 is rotated around the handling cylinder support shaft 22 in a clockwise direction when viewed from the front (direction indicated by an arrow X in FIG. 3). A supply port 23 is formed at the front lower part of the handling chamber 20 to allow harvested grain culms to be introduced into the handling chamber 20. A dust exhaust port 24 is formed at the rear lower part of the handling chamber 20 to enable discharge of threshed materials such as threshed culms and cut straw to the outside of the handling chamber. A receiving net 25 is provided around the lower part of the handling cylinder 21 (a region below the handling cylinder 21 around the handling cylinder 21). The receiving net 25 is configured in a concave shape.

The handling chamber 20 is formed by a front support wall 26 and a rear support wall 27 that support the handling cylinder 21, a top plate 28 provided above the handling cylinder 21, a receiving net 25, and the like. A plurality of dust feeding valves 29 are provided inside the top plate 28 and lined up in the front-rear direction of the handling chamber 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the handling cylinder 21 includes a raking part 30 provided at the front part of the handling cylinder 21, and a raking part 30 provided at the rear part of the raking part 30 of the handling cylinder 21. A processing section 31 is provided. The handling section 31 is continuous with the rear part of the scraping section 30.

In the threshing section 10A, the entire culm from the base of the crop to the ear of the harvested grain culm, which is fed into the front part of the handling chamber 20 through the supply port 23 by the rotating member 15 of the conveying device 9, is collected by the scraping section 30 as a threshing product. The grain is raked toward the rear of the handling drum 21 and threshed by the handling section 31 and the receiving net 25. The threshed material to be threshed is given a rotational force by the rotating handling section 31 and hits the dust feeding valve 29, and is guided by the dust feeding valve 29 to flow toward the rear of the handling chamber 20. The threshed material is transported toward the rear of the handling room 20 by the handling section 31 and is threshed. Grain obtained through the threshing process leaks through the receiving net 25. Threshing products such as threshed waste culm and cut straw generated during the threshing process are discharged from the dust outlet 24 to the outside of the handling room 20.

[Composition of handling cylinder]
As shown in FIG. 2, the handling cylinder 21 is provided in the handling chamber 20 in a posture along the front-rear direction of the handling chamber 20. The handling cylinder 21 includes a handling cylinder support shaft 22 which is rotationally driven around the handling cylinder axis P as a rotation center, a scraping part 30 supported at the front part of the handling cylinder support shaft 22, and a scraping part 30 of the handling cylinder 30. A handling section 31 supported by the handling trunk support shaft 22 in a continuous manner at the rear part is provided.

[Configuration of the scraping part]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the scraping part 30 includes a base part 32 supported by the front part of the handling drum support shaft 22, and a base part 32 that is supported by the front part of the handling drum support shaft 22, and a base part 32 that extends from the outer circumference of the base part 32 toward the outside in the handling drum radial direction. A raised spiral blade 33 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the base portion 32 is configured to have a tapered shape on the front side, with the diameter decreasing toward the front end of the handling cylinder. The base portion 32 is constituted by a plate member formed into a cylindrical shape that is tapered on the front side and centered on the handling cylinder axis P. Four spiral blades 33 are provided in parallel, forming a quadruple spiral blade.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the spiral blade 33 is configured such that a corner 33a of the front end of the spiral blade 33 on the side opposite to the base side is angular. The spiral blade 33 is configured such that a front end portion 33b of the spiral blade 33 swells toward the outside in the radial direction of the handling barrel.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the front part 25a of the receiving net 25 is extended to just below the rear part of the raking part 30, and the rear part of the raking part 30 and the front part 25a of the receiving net 25 are aligned in the front-rear direction. Overlapping. Specifically, the front part 25a of the receiving net 25 extends to just below the front-rear intermediate part of the raking part 30, and the front-rear intermediate part of the raking part 30 and the front part 25a of the receiving net 25 overlap in the front-rear direction. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a guide section 34 is provided below the raking section 30 to guide the harvested grain culm from the supply port 23 to the raking section 30. The guide portion 34 is provided with a downward slope toward the front. As shown in FIG. 4 , the guide portion 34 is configured such that the forward downward angle K of the guide portion 34 is larger than the forward upward upward angle S at the lower end of the base portion 32 .

In the scraping section 30, the base section 32 is driven by the handling drum support shaft 22, and the quadruple spiral blades 33 are rotationally driven around the handling drum axis P. The entire culm from the stock base to the tip of the harvested grain culm, which is fed into the front part of the handling chamber 20 through the supply port 23 by the rotating member 15 of the conveying device 9, is moved along the guide part 34 by the rotating spiral blade 33 and handled by the handling barrel. It is raked towards the rear of 21. The reaped grain culm is thrown by the rotating member 15 from below the spiral blade 33 toward the spiral blade 33. The reaped grain culm is guided toward the raking part 30 by the guide part 34. Due to the angularity of the corner portion 33a of the spiral blade 33, the harvested grain culm is easily caught on the front end of the spiral blade 33. The harvested grain culm caught on the front end of the spiral blade 33 is difficult to come off from the spiral blade 33 due to the bulge at the front end 33b of the spiral blade 33. As a result, the reaped grain culm is firmly scraped toward the rear of the handling barrel 21 by the spiral blades 33.

[Configuration of handling processing unit]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the handling section 31 is equipped with a plurality of handling tooth support members 40 that are supported by the handling cylinder support shaft 22 and lined up at intervals in the circumferential direction of the handling cylinder 21. There is. In this embodiment, six handling tooth support members 40 are provided. Each handling tooth support member 40 is constituted by a rod-shaped member extending in the direction along the handling cylinder axis P. The support of the handling tooth support member 40 by the handling drum support shaft 22 is such that the handling drum support shaft 22 and the handling tooth support member 40 are connected by the disc member 41 at a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the handling drum support shaft 22. This is done by Handling teeth 42 are erected on a handling tooth support member 40 as an outer peripheral portion of the handling section 31 of the handling barrel 21 so as to face outward in the radial direction of the handling barrel. The handling teeth 42 are erected from a plurality of locations on the handling tooth support member 40 in the axial direction of the handling cylinder. The handling tooth 42 is constituted by a rod-shaped member. The handling section 31 is configured in a cage shape.

In the handling section 31, the threshed material flows between the inside and outside of the handling barrel 21 via the handling tooth support members 40, and is subjected to handling action by the handling teeth 42 and the receiving net 25. Moreover, the threshing process is performed by receiving the threshing action by the impact of the handling tooth support member 40.

In this embodiment, the handling tooth support member 40 is made of round pipe steel. For the handling tooth support member 40, various rod-shaped members such as a round steel material, a square bar steel material, a square pipe steel material can be employed in addition to a round pipe steel material. In this embodiment, each handling tooth 42 is made of round steel. The handling teeth 42 can be made of various rod-shaped members such as square steel bars, round pipe materials, and various pipe materials in addition to round steel materials.

[Configuration of sorting section]
As shown in FIG. 2, the sorting section 10B includes a swinging sorting device 45 that is swingably provided below the receiving net 25, a winnowing machine 46 that is provided below the front of the swinging sorting device 45, and a winnowing machine. At the rear of 46, a first collection section 47 and a second collection section 48 are provided below the swing sorting device 45. In this embodiment, the first collection section 47 and the second collection section 48 are configured by screw conveyors extending in the width direction of the threshing device 10.

In the sorting section 10B, the processed material leaking from the receiving net 25 falls into the swinging sorting device 45 and is received, and the received processing material is conveyed backward by the swinging sorting device 45 and shaken. , and the sorting process is performed by receiving the sorting air supplied from the lower front side of the swinging sorting device 45 toward the rear of the swinging sorting device 45 by the winnowing machine 46. Fine grains as the No. 1 processed material obtained by the sorting process flow down to the No. 1 collection section 47 and are collected, and are transported by the No. 1 collection section 47 to the lateral outside of the grain tank side of the threshing device 10. The unprocessed grains as the second processed part obtained by the sorting process flow down to the second collection section 48 and are collected, and are transported by the second collection section 48 to the lateral outer side of the grain tank side of the threshing device 10. . Sorting dust such as straw waste as the third processing material generated by the sorting process is discharged to the rear of the threshing device 10 along with the sorting air from a dust outlet 49 provided at the rear of the threshing device 10.

The fine grains transported by the first collection section 47 are supplied to the grain tank 11 by a grain frying device 50 connected to the first collection section 47 . The unprocessed grains transported by the second collection section 48 are returned to the starting end of the swing sorting device 45 by a reduction device 51 connected to the second collection section 48 .

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the handling section 31 employs the bar-shaped handling barrel 21 configured in a basket shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the handling section 31 may employ a drum-shaped handling barrel having a cylindrical shape. In addition, in the case of a bar-shaped handling cylinder, it is not limited to one having six handling tooth support members 40, but may include, for example, five or less, seven or more handling tooth support members.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the base portion 32 was configured to have a tapered shape on the front side, but the outer diameter is constant from the front end to the rear end of the scraping portion 30. You can.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the forward downward angle K of the guide portion 34 is larger than the forward upward upward angle S of the base portion 32, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the forward downward angle of the guide section 34 may be smaller than the forward upward angle of the base section 32, or the forward downward angle of the guide section 34 and the forward upward angle of the base section 32 may be the same. .

(4) In the embodiment described above, an example was shown in which the four-ply spiral blade 33 was provided, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be provided with three or less helical blades or five or more helical blades.

The present invention can be applied to combine harvesters that harvest rice, wheat, buckwheat, etc., as well as harvesters that harvest various crops such as corn.

8 Harvesting section 9 Conveying device 10 Threshing device 20 Handling room 21 Handling drum 25 Receiving net 25a Front part
29 Dust feeding valve
30 Scraping part 31 Handling processing part 32 Base part 33 Spiral blade 34 Guide part 40 Handling tooth support member 42 Handling tooth K Front downward angle S Front upward angle

Claims (6)

A harvesting section is installed at the front of the aircraft and harvests crops from the field.
a conveyance device that conveys the crops harvested by the harvesting section toward the rear of the aircraft;
A threshing device that receives the crop transported by the transport device as a threshed product and threshes the received threshed product,
The threshing device includes a handling chamber into which the crops are input as a threshed product by the transport device, and a handling cylinder rotatably provided in the handling chamber and which threshes the threshed product input into the handling chamber. A receiving net provided around the lower part of the handling barrel,
The handling drum is provided with a scraping part that is provided at the front part of the handling drum and scrapes the threshed material input into the handling chamber toward the rear of the handling drum, and a scraping part that is continuous with the rear part of the scraping part. a handling section that is provided in a state and handles and processes the threshed material from the scraping section;
The scraping part includes a base part and a spiral blade that is raised from an outer peripheral part of the base part toward the outside in a radial direction of the handling drum and scrapes the threshed material toward the rear of the handling drum. provided,
The front part of the receiving net extends to just below the rear part of the raking part,
The rear part of the raking part and the front part of the receiving net overlap in the front-rear direction ,
Equipped with multiple dust valves that guide the threshing material toward the rear of the machine,
The plurality of dust feeding valves are located above the scraping section and the handling section in the handling chamber, and are lined up in the longitudinal direction of the machine body,
In the harvester, the distance between the dust feeding valves located above the scraping section is narrower than the distance between the dust feeding valves located above the handling section . The front portion extends to just below the central portion of the scratching portion in the front-rear direction,
The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the front-rear central portion of the raking portion and the front portion overlap in the front-rear direction. The harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base portion is configured to have a tapered shape on the front side, the diameter of which decreases toward the front end of the handling cylinder. A guide part is provided below the raking part in a downwardly inclined state, and guides the threshed material thrown into the front part of the handling chamber toward the raking part,
The harvester according to claim 3, wherein a forward downward angle of the guide portion is larger than a forward upward upward angle at the lower end of the base portion. The harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein four of the spiral blades are provided in parallel. A rod-shaped handling tooth support member that is provided in the handling processing section so as to be lined up in the circumferential direction of the handling cylinder and extends in the axial direction of the handling cylinder, and a plurality of locations in the handling cylinder axial direction of the handling tooth support member. The harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a plurality of handling teeth projecting radially outward from the handling barrel.

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