JP7393606B1 - centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] A centrifugal system equipped with a liquid supply mechanism that improves filtration efficiency by minimizing the range of disturbance caused by collisions caused by the difference in motion between the retained liquid that rotates in synchronization with a rotating body and the continuously fed liquid. It provides a separator. [Solution] A wall member tilted in the radial direction in the same rotational direction as the rotating body is provided between a plurality of upper and lower parallel disks, and a liquid supply pipe is provided for supplying a liquid between the plurality of disks. The structure is equipped with the following features. [Selection diagram] Figure 2

Description

The present invention synchronizes the rotational speed of the liquid when continuously feeding a liquid to a rotating body for centrifugal separation with the rotating body, further reduces the liquid feeding flow rate, and rotates the liquid in synchronization with the rotating body. This invention relates to a centrifugal separator that improves filtration efficiency by suppressing the difference in motion between the liquid and the accumulated liquid, thereby reducing disturbance caused by collisions between the liquid.

In general, a centrifugal separator that continuously feeds and separates liquid is used to charge unprocessed liquid from the end face of a rotating body that rotates at high speed, and the injected liquid is rotated in synchronization with the rotating body, causing a centrifugal force as the retained liquid The treated liquid is discharged from the opposite end of the rotating body from the input side while progressing with specific gravity filtration. At this time, the longer the filtration time due to centrifugal force, the higher the filtration efficiency, so if the liquid near the input is disturbed and becomes cloudy, the separation area due to the remaining centrifugal force becomes smaller, resulting in filtration efficiency. decreases.

The conventional technology for this purpose is to provide gaps between a plurality of discs that rotate in synchronization with the rotating body, and to transfer the liquid sent from the gaps on the outer periphery of the discs to the inside of the stagnant liquid that rotates in synchronization with the rotating body. A centrifugal separator (Patent Documents 1 and 2) has been proposed that is characterized by reducing bubble generation and disturbance by discharging air.

However, since the rotational force is transmitted to the liquid feeder by the frictional force of the disk surface that is synchronized with the rotating body, complete synchronization with the rotating body cannot be achieved, and there is a difference in motion in the direction of rotation. Furthermore, although it has not reached the point where it rotates synchronously with the rotating body, the centrifugal force due to rotation is acting, and the liquid feeding speed of the pump etc. is accelerated, and the radial direction ( There was also a difference in motion in the direction of centrifugal force applied from the outer circumference of the disk. In terms of this radial relationship, a high-speed liquid is fed and collided with a stationary liquid, which poses a problem of causing disturbance.

Patent No. 6473939 Patent No. 6579531

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problem, and is to minimize the difference in movement in the rotational direction by rotating the retained liquid and the liquid feeding at the same speed in advance. Furthermore, even after the same rotation, the relative action relationship is such that the high-speed liquid delivered due to acceleration and pump discharge pressure collides with the stationary liquid (stagnant liquid), causing a disturbance phenomenon. Minimize the difference in motion in the radial direction (direction of centrifugal force) by reducing the speed.
By minimizing the difference in motion between the retained liquid and the discharged liquid in the two components of the rotational direction and the radial direction, the filtration efficiency is improved by suppressing the expansion of the disturbance area due to collision between the liquids due to the difference in motion. The task is to

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is to supply the liquid to the inside of a rotating body that separates liquids containing substances with different specific gravity by centrifugal force, so that the liquid with a small specific gravity is continuously produced. This is a centrifugal separator that drains the fluid out of a rotating body. Further, a liquid supply mechanism is provided which rotates at the same number of rotations and supplies the liquid to the inner surface of the rotating body , and the liquid supply mechanism is configured to prevent the liquid from flowing in the reverse flow direction caused by guiding the liquid in the rotation direction. The present invention is characterized in that it has a guide portion that reduces the collision speed of the guided liquid and the retained liquid remaining on the inner wall of the rotating body by the acting force of the rotating body, thereby suppressing the range of disturbance of the retained liquid .

The liquid supply mechanism includes a plurality of disks arranged at right angles to the central axis of rotation of the rotating body with a gap between them, a liquid supply pipe for supplying the liquid to the gap, and a guide section that connects the plurality of disks with each other. It is characterized by being constructed of wall members standing upright within the space between the disks.

The liquid supply mechanism includes a plurality of pipes radially provided perpendicular to the central axis of rotation of the rotating body, a liquid supply pipe for supplying the liquid to the plurality of pipes, and a guide section that connects the plurality of pipes. It is characterized by being composed of the inner surface of

The plurality of pipes of the liquid supply mechanism are characterized in that their cross-sectional areas increase as they proceed outward in the radial direction.

The present invention is characterized in that the outlet, which is the outer peripheral portion of the liquid supply mechanism, is configured to be located within the retained liquid that is retained on the inner surface side due to the centrifugal force during centrifugation.

The centrifugal separator of the present invention supplies the liquid to the inside of a rotating body that separates liquid substances containing substances with different specific gravity by centrifugal force, and continuously flows out the liquid with a small specific gravity to the outside of the rotating body. A centrifugal separator in which the rotating body is a container provided with an outlet through which the accumulated liquid accumulated on the inner surface side is discharged by centrifugal force, and the rotating body rotates on the same rotation center axis as the rotating body and at the same rotation speed. A liquid supply mechanism is provided for supplying the liquid to the inner surface of the rotating body , and the liquid supply mechanism is guided by an acting force in the reverse flow direction generated by guiding the liquid in the rotation direction. Since the guide part (8) reduces the collision speed of the liquid and the accumulated liquid remaining on the inner wall of the rotating body and suppresses the range of disturbance of the accumulated liquid , the guide part (8) moves the liquid to the same level as the rotating body. The difference in relative motion in the rotational direction can also be minimized by maintaining the same rotational state. That is, the pump discharge force and the centrifugal force applied by the liquid supply mechanism are decomposed into vectors in the rotational direction and the radial direction and applied by the guide section , and are also decelerated by the acting force in the reverse flow direction to be sent from the liquid supply mechanism. Minimize the range of disturbance caused by the relative motion difference between the liquid being liquid and the stagnant liquid (collision between liquids and liquid feeding, which disturbs the centrifuged liquid layer), and widen the centrifugal action area. This increases the time for which centrifugal force is applied to the liquid, resulting in a significant improvement in filtration efficiency.

In addition, the significant improvement in filtration efficiency can be said to be a significant cost reduction when considered equivalent to a centrifugal separator that has been enlarged to increase filtration efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the entire centrifugal separator according to an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention is a centrifugal separator having a liquid supply mechanism in which a blade (8) is provided between two discs (2), and a liquid supply pipe ( 4) (also serves as a rotating shaft). In addition, in FIG. 2, the flow direction including the flow direction, excluding the rotational direction element from the inlet of the liquid to the outlet (6), is also shown by open arrows. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a curved blade (8) between two disks (2) of the liquid supply mechanism of FIG. 2 in cross section taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2 with the direction of action (reverse flow direction) added to FIG. 3; This is a modified example of Fig. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of a liquid supply mechanism in which a straight blade (8) is tilted in the same direction of rotation as the rotating body. direction) is also shown. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a bent blade (8) seen from a plane in a modification of FIG. 3; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of FIG. 3 viewed from a plane, showing the length of the curved blade (8) from the center of the disk to the outer periphery of the disk (2). This is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the liquid supply mechanism shown in FIG. 2, in which one of the disks (2) is used as the rotating body top cover (3), and the direction of action that occurs toward the center due to the rotation of the rotating body (1). (reverse flow direction) is also shown. FIG. 3 is a simplified perspective view of the liquid supply mechanism of FIG. 2 and also shows hidden lines. 10 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG. 9 in which there is a gap (9) between the disk (2) and the blade (8). FIG. Note that this is a perspective view with illustrations of the members that connect and fix the two disks (2). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the liquid supply mechanism of FIG. 2 in which the blade (8) and disc (2) of FIG. 2 are replaced with a pipe (10). This is a liquid supply mechanism in which a straight pipe (10) is tilted in the same direction of rotation as the rotating body, and is a view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 11. This is a modified example of FIG. 12, showing a curved pipe (10), and is the same view as seen from the direction of arrow D-D in FIG. 11. 14 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG. 13 in which the cross-sectional area of the pipe (10) increases as the curved pipe (10) advances in the radial direction. FIG. This is a modification of FIG. 2, in which the liquid supply pipe (4) and the rotating shaft are separately installed, and the disk (2), the blade (8), and the liquid supply pipe (4), which are the liquid supply mechanism, are connected to the rotating body. It is a sectional view provided from the outlet (6) side of (1). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of FIG. 2 in which the rotating shaft and the liquid supply pipe (4) are provided separately, and the liquid supply pipe (4) is provided in the inner diameter part of the rotating shaft. Note that the liquid supply pipe (4) is not limited to non-rotation, and may be rotated.

Regarding the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire centrifugal separator according to one embodiment, and the details will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings below.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 will be described. FIG. 2 shows the delivery ( A cross-sectional view of the rotating part of a centrifuge that improves filtration efficiency by reducing the flow rate (supply to the rotating body) to reduce disturbance of the retained liquid (5) that rotates in synchronization with the rotating body (1). Although the flow of the liquid is shown as a continuous flow using small open arrows, it actually moves while rotating, so the rotating elements are omitted.
The liquid supply mechanism consists of two disks (2) that are arranged in parallel with a gap between them in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of rotation (11), and a liquid supply pipe (4) connected to the center to fill the gap between the two disks (2). A blade (8), which is a wall member, is erected in the gap between the two disks (2) to form a guide section.

The gap between the two disks (2) may be far apart, and the structure may be such that the disk (2) connected to the liquid supply pipe (4) does not come into contact with the liquid as a flow path (12). . The connected disk (2) and liquid supply pipe (4) only need to be in communication and do not necessarily need to be joined.
Next, the disks (2) may have a multilayer structure with three or more disks, and as long as the arrangement takes rotational balance into consideration, it is possible to have a plurality of liquid supply pipes (4). In that case, the rotation center axis (11) There is no need to place it on top.

In addition, it is desirable that the outer circumference of the disk (2a), which is the delivery port, is located inside the retained liquid (5), but the center of rotation is closer to the retained liquid level (5a), which is outside the retained liquid (5). It may be located on the shaft (11) side.

Regarding the reduction of disturbance, in Fig. 2, the liquid is given a rotational force by a plurality of blades (8) sandwiched between a rotating body (1) and two synchronously rotating disks (2), and the liquid is Since the material is delivered (supplied to the rotating body) at approximately the same rotational speed at a certain outer circumferential portion (2a) of the disk, there is no difference in motion regarding rotation, and the element of stirring can be eliminated.

FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2, and shows the state in which the blade (8) applies rotational force to the flow as shown by continuous small open arrows.

Next, the flow rate sent out from the outer peripheral part of the disk (2a) is normally increased by centrifugal force due to high-speed rotation in addition to the flow rate sent from a pump etc., and collides with the staying liquid (5). However, as shown in Figure 4, by providing a blade (8) that is curved in the radial direction in the same rotational direction as the rotating body, a force acting on the liquid in the counterflow direction toward the center of the disk (2) is applied. works. This acting force in the reverse flow direction is added to the flow velocity delivered from a pump or the like and decelerates the flow velocity accelerated by centrifugal force.
Although the blade (8) shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a simple curved shape, it is best to have a spiral shape, and it may have a bent shape or a straight shape tilted in the direction of rotation.

Here, if the cross-sectional area of the flow path on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid supply mechanism is designed to be α times the cross-sectional area of the liquid supply pipe, the energy (force) in the reverse flow direction will be: The shape of the blade (8) should be designed so that the energy is greater than the sum of the acceleration force of liquid feeding due to centrifugal force and the force that decelerates the liquid feeding speed of the liquid supply pipe (due to the pump discharge pressure) to 1/α. For example, the air inside the liquid supply mechanism is pushed out, and the liquid that has been decelerated to 1/α is stably fed from the entire surface of the outlet, which is the outer circumference of the disk (2a).
Simple formula for conditions for deceleration to 1/α:
Energy in the reverse flow direction ≧ acceleration force of liquid feeding + (1-1/α) × pump liquid feeding speed It is preferable that the above conditions are satisfied, but even if the above conditions are not met, the speed will be reduced and the disturbance range will be reduced. can do.

Regarding the range of disturbance, let's compare the case where water is poured into a bucket at the same flow rate under the same gravity (centrifugal force), and when it is poured forcefully from a small-diameter hose spout, and when it is poured slowly from a large-diameter hose spout. It is easy to imagine from everyday experience that the difference in the size of the disturbance range is surprisingly large.

Therefore, by minimizing the disturbance range, a large effective centrifugation volume can be obtained, resulting in a longer filtration time (centrifugal force time), and a significant improvement in filtration efficiency can be achieved.

Figure 5 is a modification of Figure 4, showing a blade (8) tilted radially in the same direction of rotation as the rotating body (1), and with a radial distance from the center of the disk (2). It extends from the position toward the outer periphery of the disk (2). This is because if it extends in the radial direction from the center of the disk (2), it will not be possible to form an angle with the radial line.

FIG. 6 is a modification of FIG. 5, in which the blade (8) is bent. Note that the blade (8) may have a shape in which it extends in the radial direction from a position a distance from the center of the disc (2) and then takes an angle.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of FIG. 4, in which the blade (8) may extend from the center of the disc (2).

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the liquid supply mechanism shown in FIG. 2, in which one side of the disk (2) is used as the upper cover part (3) of the rotating body. The direction of action (reverse flow direction) that is generated is shown by an arrow, and depending on the shape and rotational speed of the blade (8), it is also possible to generate a force that causes the liquid to flow backward through the liquid supply pipe (4). Note that it does not actually cause the flow to flow backwards.

Figures 9 and 10 are diagrams that simplify the liquid supply mechanism in Figure 2 and also display hidden lines.As shown in Figure 10, the blade (8) is not necessarily joined to the two discs (2), but the gap (9) is It is possible to implement even if there is a gap, and the interval (9) may be provided depending on the properties of the liquid. Note that the joint portion of the two disks (2) when the interval (9) is provided is omitted.

FIG. 11 shows a modification of the liquid supply mechanism shown in FIG. 2, in which the blade (8) and disc (2) shown in FIG. 2 are replaced with a pipe (10) as guide parts.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which pipes (10) tilted from the radial direction to the rotational direction are provided radially in the DD arrow view of FIG. 11, and the inner surface of the pipe (10) acts as a guide part. .

FIG. 13 is a modification of FIG. 12, in which a pipe (10) is curved in the direction of rotation, but it may also have a bent or spiral shape.

Fig. 14 is a modification of Fig. 13, and is an embodiment in which the curved pipe (10) has an inner diameter cross section that increases as it goes in the radial direction. Therefore, the inner diameter cross section may be large.

Fig. 15 is a modification of Fig. 2, in which the rotating shaft and the liquid supply pipe (4) are installed separately, and the disk (2), blade (8), and liquid supply pipe (4) are connected from the outlet (6) side. This is an embodiment in which it is installed rotatably. Note that the liquid supply mechanism composed of the disk (2) and the blade (8) may be set at any position above or below the rotation center axis (8), and this is the case in Figs. 2, 11, and 16. But it's the same.
Also, in FIG. 11, as in FIG. 15, the rotating shaft and the liquid supply pipe (4) are provided separately, and the pipe (10) and the liquid supply pipe (4) are rotatable from the outlet (6) side. May be incorporated.

FIG. 16 is a modification of FIG. 2, and is an embodiment in which the rotating shaft and the liquid supply pipe (4) are provided separately, and the liquid supply pipe (4) is provided on the inner diameter part of the rotating shaft. Although the figure shows no rotation, the liquid supply pipe (4) may be rotated if necessary.

Although the present invention has been described in some detail with respect to its most preferred embodiment, it is clear that a wider range of different embodiments can be constructed without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to any particular embodiment except as described in .

1 Rotating body 2 Disk
2a Disc outer periphery (disc outer periphery)
3 Rotating body upper lid part 4 Liquid supply pipe 5 Remaining liquid 5a Remaining liquid level 6 Outlet 7 Bearing 8 Blade (wall member, guide part)
9 Spacing 10 Pipe (guide section)
11 Rotation center axis 12 Flow path 13 Rotary joint 14 Variable speed clutch 15 Housing 16 Motor 17 Scraper 18 Annular liquid receiving tip 19 Bubble prevention liquid receiving unit (named after 18 and 20)
20 Liquid receiving conical cylinder 21 Liquid sending port 22 Filtrate outlet 23 Sludge and washing waste liquid passage pipe 24 Vertical and horizontal movement slide drainage receiver 25 Drainage telescopic hose 26 Horizontal movement air cylinder 27 Vertical movement air cylinder 28 V belt 29 Sludge and washing waste liquid passage Exit

Claims (5)

A centrifugal separator that supplies the liquid to the inside of a rotating body that separates liquid substances containing substances with different specific gravity by centrifugal force, and continuously flows out the liquid with a small specific gravity to the outside of the rotating body, The rotating body is a container provided with an outlet through which the accumulated liquid accumulated on the inner surface side due to centrifugal force flows out. A liquid supply mechanism is provided for supplying a liquid to the rotating body , and the liquid supply mechanism causes the guided liquid and the inner wall of the rotating body to react by the force acting in the reverse flow direction generated by guiding the liquid in the rotational direction. A centrifugal separator characterized by having a guide portion that reduces the speed at which the staying liquid material collides with the remaining liquid material, thereby suppressing the disturbance range of the staying liquid material . The liquid supply mechanism includes a plurality of disks arranged at right angles to the central axis of rotation of the rotating body with a gap between them, a liquid supply pipe for supplying the liquid to the gap, and a guide section that connects the plurality of disks with each other. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal separator comprises a wall member standing upright within the space between the disks. The liquid supply mechanism includes a plurality of pipes radially provided perpendicular to the central axis of rotation of the rotating body, a liquid supply pipe for supplying the liquid to the plurality of pipes, and a guide section that connects the plurality of pipes. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal separator is configured with an inner surface of. 4. The centrifugal separator according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of pipes of the liquid supply mechanism are configured such that their cross-sectional area increases as they proceed outward in the radial direction. The centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet, which is an outer peripheral portion of the liquid supply mechanism, is configured to be located within the retained liquid that has accumulated on the inner surface side due to the centrifugal force during centrifugation. Separator.