JP7387659B2 - Observation equipment and observation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an observation device and an observation method.

For example, in shield construction using a closed-type shield excavator, the bulkhead inside the shield excavator seals the rock side, stably supporting the face and increasing the safety of the construction work. Shield construction with less impact on the ground surface, etc. will be realized. On the other hand, since the rock side is sealed off by the bulkhead, it is possible to directly observe the chamber on the face side of the bulkhead, the condition of the face in the muddy water in front of the cutter head, and the wear status of the cutter bit. First, there are issues such as difficulty in construction management.
In situations where direct observation is not possible, it is necessary to indirectly estimate the face condition, cutter bit wear status, etc. based on changes in cutter drive torque, jack thrust, etc. In addition, measurement using electromagnetic waves or ultrasonic waves or measurement of the amount of wear on the cutter bit using a detection bit may be performed, but in addition to not being able to confirm all conditions, both methods have limitations in measurement accuracy.
In light of the above, it is desired to develop a technology that can directly observe the condition of the face in the muddy water in front of the bulkhead, the wear status of the cutter bit, etc.

Here, Patent Document 1 proposes an in-borehole imaging device that makes it possible to image the inner wall after cleaning a predetermined area in the borehole including the imaging position so as not to interfere with imaging. ing. Specifically, it has a head with a built-in camera, a partition that can be expanded and contracted at two predetermined locations on the head, and a predetermined position on the outer periphery of the head sandwiched between the two partitions. A fresh water supply means and a turbid water discharge means are connected, and the head part is inserted into the borehole, and the partition body expands to separate and isolate a predetermined area around the head part, and the area around the isolated head part is separated. This is a device that injects fresh water and discharges turbid water in a predetermined area. By making the space between the head part and the inner wall of the borehole transparent, a clear image of the inner wall of the borehole can be obtained, and imaging can be performed even when turbid water accumulates in the borehole.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-160978

According to the borehole imaging device described in Patent Document 1, even when turbid water accumulates in the borehole, by injecting fresh water and discharging the turbid water, a clear image of the inner wall of the borehole can be obtained. It becomes possible to obtain.
By the way, muddy water can have various forms such as solid or semi-solid muddy water (mud lumps) in addition to liquid muddy water. For example, in the case of solid or semi-solid muddy water, the above-mentioned It is difficult to send the head section with a built-in camera to the observation position.

The present invention provides an observation device and an observation method that have good accessibility to the vicinity of objects to be observed that exist in various forms of muddy water, from liquid to solid, and that can realize direct observation of objects to be observed. The purpose is to

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the observation device according to the present invention is as follows:
An observation device applied when observing an object to be observed in muddy water,
an inner tube having a viewing means inserted therein;
The first flow path is arranged around the inner tube with a gap between the inner tube and the first flow path through which the fluid flows, and includes an observation window at a position corresponding to the visual recognition means. an outer tube provided around the observation window with a first injection hole that communicates with the observation window and injects fluid;
a tip tube disposed at the downstream end of the outer tube in the fluid flow direction;
The tip tube is
outer cylinder and
an elastic member disposed inside the outer cylinder;
a slide tube that is slidably disposed inside the outer tube, includes a second flow path communicating with the first flow path, and is biased toward the outer tube by the elastic member; have,
The outer cylinder is provided with a second injection hole that communicates with the second flow path and injects fluid,
When the fluid pressure of the fluid increases and the slide cylinder slides in the fluid flow direction against the biasing force of the elastic member and closes the second flow path, the fluid from the second injection hole is It is characterized in that the injection is stopped and the fluid is ejected only from the first injection hole.

According to this aspect, the fluid flowing through the first flow path between the inner tube and the outer tube is injected from both the first injection hole around the observation window and the second injection hole at the tip of the device, and the fluid pressure of the fluid is By changing the , the fluid is injected only from the first injection hole, and when moving the device forward in muddy water, the fluid injected from the second injection hole is used to push through the muddy water, and the object to be observed is placed at a predetermined position in the muddy water. When observing, the fluid injected from the first injection hole can make the periphery of the object to be observed transparent to the extent that it can be visually recognized. In other words, by making it possible to freely inject fluid from two types of injection holes with different actions through one flow path (a first flow path and a second flow path communicating with it), we have achieved the simplest possible configuration. The device provides good access to objects to be observed in muddy water, allowing direct observation of objects to be observed.
Here, the "muddy water" includes various forms of muddy water, such as liquid muddy water, solid or semi-solid muddy water (mud lumps), and the like, as described above. In addition to clean water such as tap water, "fluid" includes muddy water with a low mud concentration, which is obtained by separating a certain amount of mud from muddy water.
In addition, the outer tube and the tip tube at the tip of the outer tube may be formed by connecting separate tubes to each other, or the outer tube and tip tube may be formed as a single tube, with the rod part and the tip part forming a formal structure. This includes forms in which the tube is separated into an outer tube and an apical tube.
In addition, examples of the visual recognition means include a camera, a video camera, etc., and the camera, etc. as the visual recognition means is installed at the tip of a cable etc. inserted from the end of the inner tube (the end opposite to the tip tube). A camera etc. are placed inside the observation window. Here, "the visual recognition means is inserted inside" means that, for example, the above-mentioned cable is introduced inside the inner tube, and the tip of the cable introduced inside the inner tube is A camera is fixed inside the inner tube or inside the outer tube inside the viewing window.
Further, it is preferable that lighting means such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light is disposed around the viewing means, and the lighting means makes it easier to identify objects to be observed in muddy water.
When moving the device (double pipe of inner and outer tubes) forward in muddy water, the extension of the device (rod part) is lengthened by adding outer and inner tubes of a predetermined length as necessary. By allowing the cable to follow changes in the length of the rod portion, the relative position of the viewing means in the observation window can be fixed.
For example, when moving the device forward in muddy water, when fluid is injected from both the first injection hole and the second injection hole, relatively more fluid is injected from the second injection hole which pushes through the muddy water. , the hole diameter, pressure loss, etc. of the first injection hole and the second injection hole are set.

Furthermore, the elastic member that biases the slide cylinder inside the outer cylinder is formed of a compression spring such as a coil spring or a disc spring, and the spring constant of the elastic member is related to the fluid pressure that resists the biasing force of the elastic member. is set. For example, the fluid pressure required to effectively push through muddy water is set (set fluid pressure), and an elastic member with a spring constant that has a larger biasing force than this set fluid pressure is applied to push through the muddy water. When moving the device forward in muddy water, by adjusting the fluid pressure to a set fluid pressure or lower, it is possible to ensure fluid injection from the second injection hole and push through the muddy water.
Then, when the observation window of the device reaches the vicinity of the object to be observed, the fluid pressure of the fluid is adjusted (controlled) to be greater than the set fluid pressure, thereby resisting the biasing force of the elastic member and causing the slide tube to move. The muddy water in the vicinity of the observation window can be effectively made transparent by sliding the second flow path and injecting fluid only from the first injection hole around the observation window.
As mentioned above, objects to be observed by the observation device of this embodiment include (the condition of) the face existing in the muddy water on the rock side of the bulkhead of the (closed type) shield excavator, (the wear condition of the cutter bit), These include foreign objects in the chamber and (the state of) the ground around the tunnel observed through the segments that make up the shield tunnel built underground.

Further, in another aspect of the observation device according to the present invention,
A locking convex portion is provided that protrudes inward from the inner wall surface of the outer tube,
The inner tube is characterized in that an outer wall surface thereof is provided with a locking protrusion that is locked with the locking protrusion.

According to this aspect, the locking convex portion provided on the outer wall surface of the inner tube is locked to the locking convex portion provided inwardly from the inner wall surface of the outer tube, so that the outer tube The first flow path between the outer tube and the inner tube can be secured while preventing the inner tube from falling (or relative movement of the inner tube) inside the inner tube. Furthermore, the configuration in which the outer tube is locked to the inner tube prevents the inner tube from rotating to the same extent when the outer tube rotates (co-rotation of the inner tube). Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the outer tubes are connected by screws and the inner tubes are connected by insertion, when connecting the outer tube on the upstream side to the outer tube on the downstream side in the fluid flow direction while rotating, The inner tube does not rotate in synchronization with the outer tube, and therefore there is the problem that the various cables (cables that make up the visual recognition means, various electrical cables, etc.) arranged inside the inner tube get twisted. Does not occur.

Further, in another aspect of the observation device according to the present invention,
On the outer wall surface of the inner tube, on the upstream side in the fluid flow direction than the position where the locking convex portion is provided, there is a portion that comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the outer tube to prevent the inner tube from shaking. It is characterized by being provided with a convex and convex portion.

According to this aspect, the abutting convex portion is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner tube on the upstream side in the fluid flow direction than the position where the locking convex portion is provided, and the abutting convex portion is provided on the inner wall surface of the outer tube. By being in contact with the inner tube, it is possible to prevent the inner tube from shaking (rotating) inside the outer tube, and to ensure a hollow annular first flow path of equal width between the outer tube and the inner tube. Can be done.

Further, in another aspect of the observation device according to the present invention,
The outer tube is provided with thread grooves at both ends, and the adjacent outer tubes are screwed together directly or indirectly through a connecting member,
The inner tube has a female insertion part at one end and a male insertion part at the other end, and an endless sealing member is attached to the inner wall surface of the female insertion part, and the male insertion part of one inner tube is inserted into the insertion female portion of the other inner tube with the sealing member pressed.

According to this aspect, the endless sealing member is attached to the inner wall surface of the female insertion part at one end of one inner tube, and the male insertion part at the other end of the other inner tube presses the sealing member. By being inserted, it is possible to prevent the fluid flowing through the first flow path from entering into the interior of the plurality of inner tubes that are connected to each other. A dry environment can be ensured. For example, an inner pipe of a predetermined length is similarly locked to an outer pipe of a predetermined length via a locking protrusion, and the inner pipe is further arranged in such a manner that shaking is prevented by the abutting protrusion. As a result, one tube unit is formed by the inner tube and outer tube of a predetermined length. When connecting (joining) two pipe units, the outer pipes are threadedly connected, and at the same time, the inner pipes are connected by insertion.

Moreover, one aspect of the observation method according to the present invention is
An observation method for observing an object to be observed in muddy water using the observation device,
A rotatable spherical seat with a first through hole is attached to the dry space side of the partition that separates the muddy water from the dry space, and an on-off valve is attached to the dry space side of the spherical seat. A prepender with a second through hole is attached to the space side, the tip tube of the observation device is inserted into the second through hole, the opening/closing valve is opened, and the tip is inserted through the first through hole. Step A of entering the pipe into muddy water;
The observation device is pushed through the muddy water by injecting fluid from the second injection hole to a predetermined position of the muddy water, and at the predetermined position, the fluid pressure inside the first flow path is increased and the second B step of observing the object to be observed by stopping the injection of the fluid from the injection hole and ejecting the fluid only from the first injection hole to make the area around the observation window observable in muddy water concentration; It is characterized by having the following.

According to this aspect, a rotatable spherical seat, an on-off valve, and a prepender are installed in order on the dry space side of a partition that separates muddy water and a dry space, and an observation device is installed in the through hole (second through hole) of the prepender. After inserting the tip tube and preventing leakage of muddy water, open the on-off valve and enter the tip tube into the muddy water through the through hole (first through hole) of the spherical seat, and then insert the observation device into the object to be observed. By advancing the object close to the object and directly observing the object, it is possible to directly observe the object in the muddy water while reliably preventing muddy water from leaking or blowing out into the dry space.
In addition, by inserting the observation device into the rotatable spherical seat, the observation device can be rotated as desired in synchronization with the rotation of the spherical seat, and the direction of movement of the observation device can be changed appropriately. It becomes possible to efficiently identify objects to be observed that are generally difficult to observe and directly observe them in detail.
Here, when the partition is a partition wall of a shield tunneling machine, the muddy water is muddy water on the face side of the partition wall, and the dry space is the internal space of the shield tunneling machine. On the other hand, when the partition is a segment forming a shield tunnel, the muddy water is muddy water in the ground outside the tunnel, and the dry space is the internal space of the shield tunnel.

According to the observation device and observation method of the present invention, it is possible to directly observe the observation target with good accessibility to the vicinity of the observation target existing in muddy water in various forms from liquid to solid. Observation devices and observation methods can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an example of an observation device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part II in FIG. 1 and a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a tube unit including an outer tube and an inner tube. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section III in FIG. 1 and a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an outer tube, an inner tube, and a tip tube. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which fluid is flowing through a first flow path and a second flow path in the observation device according to the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the second flow path is closed and fluid is injected only from the first injection hole in the observation device according to the embodiment. It is a process diagram explaining the A process of an example of the observation method based on embodiment. It is a process diagram explaining the B process of an example of the observation method based on embodiment.

Hereinafter, an observation device and an observation method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that in this specification and the drawings, substantially the same constituent elements may be given the same reference numerals to omit redundant explanation.

[Observation device according to embodiment]
First, an example of an observation device according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an example of an observation device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part II in FIG. 1, showing a tube unit including an outer tube and an inner tube. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section III in FIG. 1, and is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an outer tube, an inner tube, and a tip tube. Moreover, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which fluid is flowing through the first flow path and the second flow path in the observation device according to the embodiment, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state where the flow path is blocked and the fluid is injected only from the first injection hole.

The illustrated observation device 100 includes a double tube 50 formed by an inner tube 10, an outer tube 20, and a tip tube 40, and fresh water (fluid (for example); a visual recognition means 60 installed inside the observation window 27 provided in the outer pipe 20; and a user terminal 70 that displays images acquired by the visual recognition means 60. have Although not shown, it is preferable that lighting means such as an LED light be provided around the visual recognition means. Further, the double pipe 50 may include a storage battery (not shown) that is a power source for the visual recognition means 60 and the illumination means. Further, in the illustrated example, the outer tube 20 and the tip tube 40, which are separate bodies, are assembled, but the outer tube 20 and the tip tube 40 may be integrated (continuous integral structure made of the same material). good.

The double pipe 50 has a swivel section 51, a rod section 55, and a monitor section 58. The swivel portion 51 is provided with a cable introduction hole 52 through which various cables 62 are inserted into the inner tube 10, and a water supply hole 53 through which the water supply duct 85 communicates.

The rod portion 55 is formed by a tube unit 54 composed of an inner tube 10 and an outer tube 20 of a predetermined length, and the double tube 50 is formed by adding a plurality of tube units 54 as will be explained in detail below. The length can be adjusted as desired.

The monitor section 58 includes an observation window 27 provided in the outer tube 20, a viewing means 60 provided inside the observation window 27, an illumination means (not shown), and a downstream view of the fresh water in the outer tube 20 in the flow direction. and a tip tube 40 attached to the end. An electric cable 62 introduced from the cable introduction hole 52 is inserted into the inner tube 10, and a visual recognition means 60 attached to the tip of the electric cable 62 is fixed inside the observation window 27. Here, examples of the visual recognition means 60 include a camera, a video camera, and the like. Further, an illumination means (not shown) disposed around the viewing means 60 inside the observation window 27 is also attached to the tip of an electric cable (not shown) inserted into the interior of the inner tube 10 .

In FIG. 1, the double pipe 50 is formed by attaching the rod section 55 to the monitor section 58 in the X2 direction and attaching the swivel section 51 to the rod section 55 in the X3 direction.

In addition, in FIG. 1, fresh water supplied from the water supply equipment 80 flows through the water supply duct 85 in the X4 direction, and passes through the water supply hole 53 into a first flow path formed by the gap between the inner pipe 10 and the outer pipe 20. 30 and circulates in the X5 direction in the first flow path 30. In addition, in FIG. 1, the X1 direction indicates the direction in which the double pipe 50 is inserted (advanced) into muddy water.

The water supply equipment 80 includes a fluid pressure adjustment unit 82 that adjusts the fluid pressure of fresh water supplied to the first flow path 30. For example, a construction manager or the like can adjust the fluid pressure manually or automatically from a remote location. By operating the adjustment section 82, the fluid pressure of fresh water can be adjusted as desired.

Examples of the user terminal 70 include, in addition to the illustrated smartphone, a tablet, a personal computer, and the like. On the display screen of the user terminal 70, the object to be observed in the muddy water photographed or imaged by the viewing means 60 is displayed, and the construction manager can directly observe the object to be observed in the muddy water displayed on the display screen. can do. In the illustrated example, an electric cable 62 is electrically connected to the visual recognition means 60, and a conductor 75 is connected to the electric cable 62. Image data regarding objects to be observed in muddy water may be transmitted to the user terminal 70 via wireless communication at any time.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure of the tube unit 54 forming the rod portion 55 will be explained in detail again. The inner tube 10 has a hollow 12 through which various cables 62 are inserted. The outer wall surface 11 of 10 is provided with a plurality of locking protrusions 18 that project laterally at intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, on the outer wall surface 11 of the inner tube 10, on the upstream side in the fluid flow direction than the position where the locking convex portion 18 is provided, there are a plurality of abutments projecting laterally at intervals in the circumferential direction. A convex portion 19 is provided.

On the other hand, the inner wall surface 21 of the outer tube 20 is provided with a locking convex portion 26 that projects inward, and the locking convex portion 18 of the inner tube 10 is locked in the locking convex portion 26 . In this way, the locking convex portion 18 of the inner tube 10 is locked to the locked convex portion 26 of the outer tube 20, so that, for example, when the outer tubes 20 are screwed together, the rotating outer tube The inner tube 10 is prevented from rotating together with the inner tube 20, and the various cables 62 inserted into the hollow 12 of the inner tube 10 are prevented from twisting.

Further, the abutting convex portion 19 of the inner tube 10 is in contact with the inner wall surface 21 of the outer tube 20. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the inner tube 10 from shaking (rotating) inside the outer tube 20, and an equal width is provided between the inner wall surface 21 of the outer tube 20 and the outer wall surface 11 of the inner tube 10. A hollow annular first flow path 30 can be secured.

The outer tube 20 has a female threaded portion 23 (an example of a threaded groove) at one end 22, and a male threaded portion 25 (another example of a threaded groove) at the other end 24, as shown in FIG. When connecting two pipe units 54, the female thread part 23 of the outer pipe 20 of one pipe unit 54 is connected to the male thread part 25 of the outer pipe 20 of the other pipe unit 54. By screwing them together, the outer tubes 20 are connected to each other. Although not shown in the drawings, both ends of the outer tubes are provided with threaded female parts, and a connecting member having a locking convex part and threaded male parts at both ends is attached to the threaded female parts of the two outer pipes. The outer tubes may be connected to each other by screwing together, and in this case, the outer tubes are indirectly connected to each other via the connecting member.

On the other hand, the inner tube 10 has a female insertion part 14 at one end 13 and a male insertion part 16 at the other end 15, and an endless sealing member 17 is attached to the inner wall surface of the female insertion part 14. . As shown in FIG. 2, when connecting two pipe units 54, the inner pipe of the other pipe unit 54 is connected to the insertion female part 14 at one end 13 of the inner pipe 10 of one pipe unit 54. When the male insertion part 16 at the other end 15 of the inner tube 10 is inserted, the male insertion part 16 is inserted into the female insertion part 14 while pressing the sealing member 17, and a seal structure at the connection part of the inner tube 10 is formed.

This sealing structure can prevent the fresh water flowing through the first flow path 30 around the plurality of inner pipes 10 from entering into the interior of the plurality of inner pipes 10 that are connected to each other. A dry environment in the hollow 12 of the tube 10 can be ensured.

When connecting (adding) one pipe unit 54 to the other pipe unit 54, one inner pipe is screwed to one outer pipe 20 while rotating the other outer pipe 20. 10, the other inner tube 10 is inserted and connected, and the screw connection between the outer tubes 20 and the insertion connection between the inner tubes 10 are performed simultaneously.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, the configuration of the monitor section 58 including the tip tube 40 will be explained, and the form of fresh water sprayed from the tip of the tip tube 40 and around the observation window 27 will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 3, an observation window 27 is attached to the outer tube 20 constituting the monitor section 58 via a sealing member 29. A first injection hole 28 for injecting fresh water is provided.

The tip of the inner tube 10 extends to the inside of the observation window 27, and the viewing means 60 attached to the tip of the cable 62 inserted into the hollow 12 of the inner tube 10 is installed inside the observation window 27. . As described above, it is preferable that lighting means such as an LED light be provided around the viewing means 60 inside the observation window 27.

A tip tube 40 is fitted into the tip of the outer tube 20 with a seal member 48 interposed therebetween. The tip tube 40 includes two outer tubes 41 that are fitted and connected to each other, an elastic member 43 disposed in a hollow 42a of one of the outer tubes 41 (the outer tube 41 on the outer tube 20 side), and a hollow At 42a, a slide cylinder 44 is biased toward the outer tube 20 in the Y1 direction by an elastic member 43.

The slide tube 44 is provided with a flange 44a that protrudes laterally at an intermediate position, and an elastic member 43 is disposed on the opposite side of the outer tube 20 of the flange 44a, and the flange 44a is extended to the outer tube 20 side by the elastic member 43. It is designed to be pushed directly into the

The slide tube 44 is further provided with a second flow path 45, which is a through hole extending in the longitudinal direction, at the center thereof, and in the state shown in FIG. The passage 30 and the second flow passage 45 are in communication.

Of the two outer cylinders 41 that are fitted and connected to each other, a cylindrical stopper 46 is attached to the center of the hollow 42b of the other outer cylinder 41 on the distal end side of the tip tube 40. A second injection hole 47 is formed between the inner wall surface of the stopper 46 and the stopper 46 .

An annular seal member 49 is interposed between the slide tube 44 and the two outer tubes 41, and these seal members 49 allow the flow of water from the first flow path 30 to the interface between the outer tube 41 and the slide tube 44. This prevents fresh water from leaking, and the fresh water that has passed through the first flow path 30 is introduced only into the second flow path 45.

The elastic member 43 that biases the slide tube 44 inside the outer tube 41 is formed of a compression spring such as a coil spring or a disc spring. The spring constant of the elastic member 43 is set in relation to the fluid pressure that resists the biasing force of the elastic member 43. Specifically, the fluid pressure required for the double pipe 50 to effectively push through muddy water is set as a set fluid pressure, and the elastic member 43 has a spring constant with a larger biasing force than this set fluid pressure. applies. When setting the set fluid pressure, depending on the state of the mud in the muddy water (liquid, semi-solid, solid, etc.), it may be difficult for the fresh water injected from the second injection hole 47 to effectively push through the mud in the muddy water. A suitable fluid pressure is identified and set as the set fluid pressure.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the double pipe 50 is moved forward in the X1 direction in muddy water, the fresh water flowing in the X5 direction in the first flow path 30 is circulated in the X7 direction to the second flow path 45 of the slide tube 44. let At this time, the fluid pressure adjustment unit 82 of the water supply equipment 80 adjusts the fluid pressure of fresh water flowing through the first flow path 30 to be smaller than the set fluid pressure, and therefore the slide tube 44 is adjusted to the outer tube 20 side. A gap is formed between the tip of the slide cylinder 44 and the stopper 46 and communicates with the second flow path 45, and the fresh water supplied to this gap flows through the second injection hole 47 in the X8 direction. and is injected forward from the tip of the tip tube 40 in the X9 direction.

From the tip of the tip tube 40, fresh water, which is a pressurized fluid, is injected in the X9 direction, which is the same direction as the X1 direction, which is the forward direction of the double tube 50. By pushing through the muddy water, it becomes possible to access the double pipe 50 to the vicinity of the object to be observed in the muddy water.

When advancing the double pipe 50 shown in FIG. Fresh water is sprayed in the X6 direction. Here, the hole diameter of the first injection hole 28 is set smaller than that of the second injection hole 47 in order to promote the injection of fresh water from the second injection hole 47 that scrapes the mud for the advancement of the double pipe 50. It is preferable to take measures such as increasing the pressure loss of the first injection hole 28 relatively.

When the double pipe 50 moves forward and reaches the vicinity of the object to be observed in the muddy water, the fluid pressure adjustment section 82 of the water supply equipment 80 adjusts the fluid pressure of the fresh water supplied to the first flow path 30 to the set fluid level. It is adjusted so that it is greater than the pressure. With this adjustment, as shown in FIG. 5, the slide tube 44 is slid in the Y2 direction toward the distal end of the tip tube 40 against the biasing force of the elastic member 43, and the tip of the slide tube 44 is brought into contact with the stopper 46. As a result, the second flow path 45 inside the slide tube 44 is closed by the stopper 46. Due to the blockage of the second flow path 45, the injection of fresh water from the second injection hole 47 is stopped, and all the fresh water flowing through the first flow path 30 is passed through the first injection hole 28 around the observation window 27 to the observation window. 27 is injected in the X6 direction.

The amount of fresh water injected from the first injection hole 28 shown in FIG. 5 is much larger than the amount of fresh water injected from the first injection hole 28 shown in FIG. is effectively made transparent, and the visibility of the object to be observed in front of the observation window 27 is improved.

According to the observation device 100, two types of first injection holes 28 and second injection holes having different functions are connected via the first flow path 30 and the second flow path 45 communicating with the first flow path 30, which constitute one flow path. By making it possible to freely spray fresh water from 47, it is possible to have good access to the object to be observed in muddy water, and to realize direct observation of the object to be observed, with an apparatus having the simplest possible configuration.

Observation objects that exist in the muddy water that can be directly observed by the observation device 100 include (the state of) the face that exists in the muddy water on the rock side of the bulkhead of a (closed type) shield excavator, and (the state of wear of the cutter bit). ), foreign objects in the chamber, and (the state of) the ground around the tunnel observed through the segments that make up the shield tunnel built underground.

[Observation method according to embodiment]
Next, an example of the observation method according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Here, FIGS. 6 and 7 are process charts illustrating steps A and B of an example of the observation method according to the embodiment, respectively.

In the illustrated example, a case will be described in which the partition wall 200 of a (closed type) shield tunneling machine is used as a partition that separates a chamber (muddy water MW) from a dry space DS, and foreign substances present in the muddy water MW are directly observed.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, on the dry space DS side (inside the shield excavator) of the partition body 200, there is a shaft that is rotatable in the Z1 direction around the axis and rotatable in the Z2 direction around the axis. A spherical seat 230 having a first through hole 231 is attached, and an on-off valve 240 having a third through hole 241 and a gate 245 that can be opened and closed is attached to the dry space DS side of the spherical seat 230. A prepender 250 having a second through hole 251 is attached to the dry space DS side. The prepender 250 includes a water stop material 255 extending into the second through hole 251 at an intermediate position.

With the gate 245 of the on-off valve 240 closed, the tip tube 40 of the observation device 100 is inserted in the Z3 direction into the second through hole 251 of the prepender 250, and the water stop material 255 is placed around the side surface of the tip tube 40. By bringing them into contact with each other, a water-stop structure is formed by the side surface of the tip tube 40 and the water-stop material 255.

Next, the gate 245 of the on-off valve 240 is opened, and the tip pipe 40 is allowed to enter the muddy water MW through the third through hole 241, the first through hole 231, and the opening 210 of the partition wall 200. At this time, by turning or rotating the spherical seat 230 as desired, the traveling direction of the tip tube 40 can be easily adjusted to the desired direction of the muddy water MW, and the traveling direction of the tip tube 40 can be changed as desired (as described above). , A process).

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, fresh water is injected from the second injection hole 47 in the X9 direction to push through the muddy water MW, and the observation device 100 (monitor section 58 thereof) is moved in the Z3 direction to a predetermined position in the muddy water MW. to enter.

When the monitor unit 58 reaches a predetermined position in the muddy water MW, the fluid pressure of the fresh water inside the first flow path 30 is increased to stop the injection of fresh water from the second injection hole 47, and only the first injection hole 28 is By injecting clean water from the mud in the front direction of the observation window 27 in the X6 direction, the area around the observation window 27 is made to have an observable muddy water concentration (becomes transparent).

The illumination means (not shown) illuminates the front of the observation window 27, and the double pipe 50 is moved synchronously by rotating or pivoting the spherical seat 230 as desired, while the visual recognition means 60 illuminates the muddy water MW. The object to be observed (the foreign object) inside is identified and directly observed (step B).

According to the illustrated observation method, a rotatable spherical seat 230, an on-off valve 240, and a prepender 250 are sequentially attached to the dry space DS side of the partition 200 that separates the muddy water MW from the dry space DS. The tip tube 40 of the observation device 100 is inserted into the second through hole 251 to prevent leakage of muddy water, open the on-off valve 240, and enter the tip tube 40 into the muddy water MW through the first through hole 231 of the spherical seat 230. After that, the observation device 100 is advanced to the vicinity of the object to be observed and directly observes the object to be observed, thereby reliably preventing leakage or blowing of muddy water into the dry space DS while observing the object in the muddy water MW. Direct observation of the object can be realized.

Furthermore, by inserting the observation device 100 into the rotatable spherical seat 230, the direction of movement of the observation device 100 can be changed as appropriate by rotating the observation device 100 as desired in synchronization with the rotation of the spherical seat 230. Therefore, it becomes possible to efficiently identify observation objects that are generally difficult to observe in muddy water MW and directly observe them in detail.

It should be noted that other embodiments may be adopted in which other components are combined with the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here. In this regard, changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form.

10: Inner tube 11: Outer wall surface 12: Hollow 13: One end 14: Female insertion part 15: Other end 16: Male insertion part 17: Seal member 18: Locking convex part 19: Contact convex part 20: Outer tube 21: Inner wall surface 22: One end 23: Female thread groove part 24: Other end 25: Male thread groove part 26: Locked convex part 27: Observation window 28: First injection hole 29: Seal member 30: First flow path 40: Tip Pipe 41: Outer tube 42a, 42b: Hollow 43: Elastic member 44: Slide tube 44a: Flange 45: Second flow path 46: Stopper 47: Second injection hole 48, 49: Seal member 50: Double tube 51: Swivel Section 52: Cable introduction hole 53: Water supply hole 55: Rod section 58: Monitor section 60: Visual recognition means (camera)
62: Cable (electrical cable)
70: User terminal 75: Conductive wire 80: Water supply equipment 82: Fluid pressure adjustment section 85: Water supply duct 100: Observation device 200: Partition body (partition wall)
210: Opening 230: Spherical seat 231: First through hole 240: Open/close valve 241: Third through hole 245: Gate 250: Prepender 251: Second through hole 255: Water stop material MW: Muddy water DS: Dry space

Claims (5)

An observation device applied when observing an object to be observed in muddy water,
an inner tube having a viewing means inserted therein;
The first flow path is arranged around the inner tube with a gap between the inner tube and the first flow path through which the fluid flows, and includes an observation window at a position corresponding to the visual recognition means. an outer tube provided around the observation window with a first injection hole that communicates with the observation window and injects fluid;
a tip tube disposed at the downstream end of the outer tube in the fluid flow direction;
The tip tube is
outer cylinder and
an elastic member disposed inside the outer cylinder;
a slide tube that is slidably disposed inside the outer tube, includes a second flow path communicating with the first flow path, and is biased toward the outer tube by the elastic member; have,
The outer cylinder is provided with a second injection hole that communicates with the second flow path and injects fluid,
When the fluid pressure of the fluid increases and the slide cylinder slides in the fluid flow direction against the biasing force of the elastic member and closes the second flow path, the fluid from the second injection hole is An observation device characterized in that injection is stopped and fluid is ejected only from the first injection hole. A locking convex portion is provided that protrudes inward from the inner wall surface of the outer tube,
2. The observation device according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall surface of the inner tube is provided with a locking convex portion that is locked with the locking convex portion. On the outer wall surface of the inner tube, on the upstream side in the fluid flow direction than the position where the locking convex portion is provided, there is a portion that comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the outer tube to prevent the inner tube from shaking. The observation device according to claim 2, further comprising a convex and convex portion. The outer tube is provided with thread grooves at both ends, and the adjacent outer tubes are screwed together directly or indirectly through a connecting member,
The inner tube has a female insertion part at one end and a male insertion part at the other end, and an endless sealing member is attached to the inner wall surface of the female insertion part, and the male insertion part of one inner tube The observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner tube is inserted into the insertion female portion of the other inner tube with the sealing member pressed. An observation method for observing an observation target in muddy water using the observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A rotatable spherical seat with a first through hole is attached to the dry space side of the partition that separates the muddy water from the dry space, and an on-off valve is attached to the dry space side of the spherical seat. A prepender with a second through hole is attached to the space side, the tip tube of the observation device is inserted into the second through hole, the opening/closing valve is opened, and the tip is inserted through the first through hole. Step A of entering the pipe into muddy water;
The observation device is pushed through the muddy water by injecting fluid from the second injection hole to a predetermined position of the muddy water, and at the predetermined position, the fluid pressure inside the first flow path is increased and the second B step of observing the object to be observed by stopping the injection of the fluid from the injection hole and ejecting the fluid only from the first injection hole to make the area around the observation window observable in muddy water concentration; An observation method characterized by having the following.

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