JP7382116B2 - Joining method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a joining method and a joining device, and particularly to a joining method in a joining device that joins a first joining member and a second joining member using sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration.

The applicant has proposed bonding by bringing atoms into an excited state and diffusing them using sonic vibrations, ultrasonic vibrations, etc. (see Patent Document 1, etc.).

JP 2019-181504 Publication

However, depending on the material of the parts, it may be difficult to join them only by melting, diffusion, etc.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bonding method suitable for bonding more easily than by diffusion alone.

A first aspect of the present invention is a joining method in a joining device that joins a first joining member and a second joining member using sonic vibrations and/or ultrasonic vibrations, the joining method being provided in the joining device. The method includes a joining step of applying sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the first joining member to cause resonance expansion and contraction, and fitting the first joining member to the second joining member.

A second aspect of the present invention is the joining method according to the first aspect, wherein the first joining member includes a convex interference part, and the second joining member has a planar shape that joins with the interference part. or a concave joint part, and in the joining step, the first joint member is fitted into the second joint member, the interference part presses the joint part, and/or the interference part is formed in a concave shape. The interference part and the joint part are joined by fitting into the joint part of the shape.

A third aspect of the present invention is the joining method according to the second aspect, wherein the second joining member includes a fitting space in which the first joining member is fitted, and in the fitting space, the The cross-sectional shape of the entrance into which the first joining member is fitted is larger than the shape of the tip of the first joining member and narrower than the cross-sectional shape of the interference portion.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a bonding device for bonding a first bonding member and a second bonding member using sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration, wherein the first bonding member uses sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration. Alternatively, a bonding processing section is provided that applies ultrasonic vibration to cause resonance expansion and contraction to fit the first bonding member to the second bonding member.

The present invention also includes a program for realizing each aspect of the present invention by controlling a computer for controlling a bonding apparatus that performs a bonding process using sonic vibrations and/or ultrasonic vibrations, and the program. It may also be regarded as a computer-readable recording medium for recording.

According to each aspect of the present invention, even if it is difficult to fix by diffusion alone, it is possible to easily join by combining mechanical fixing.

They are (a) a block diagram showing an example of the configuration and (b) a flow diagram showing an example of the operation of the bonding apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of joint design. 1 shows a bonding device used when conducting experiments regarding the present invention. FIG. 1 is a first diagram for explaining an experiment conducted by the inventors. FIG. 2 is a second diagram for explaining an experiment conducted by the inventors. An example of fixing the blade with an iron horn is shown.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram (a) showing an example of the configuration and (b) a flow diagram showing an example of the operation of a bonding apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1(a), the bonding apparatus 1 includes a bonding processing section 3 (an example of the "bonding processing section" of the present invention), a pressure adjustment section 7, a control section 9, and a first bonding member 11 ( An example of the "first joining member" of the present invention) and a second joining member 15 (an example of the "second joining member" of the present invention) are provided.

The bonding processing section 3 includes a vibration control section 21 and a horn section 23.

The first joining member 11 includes interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ . The interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ have, for example, a convex shape. The second joining member 15 includes a fitting space 16 into which the first joining member 11 is fitted. The fitting space is provided with recesses 17 ₁ and 17 ₂ corresponding to the interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ . The recesses 17 ₁ and 17 ₂ have, for example, a concave shape. In the present invention, the joint portion into which the interference portions 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ fit has a planar shape or a concave shape shallower than the interference portions 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ , and the joint portion into which the interference portions 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ fit. You can also press the sides. The interference portion 13 and the recessed portion 17 are, for example, approximately several tens of μm. Projections 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ are present above the recesses 17 ₁ and 17 ₂ . The shape between the tips of the protruding parts 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ is wider than the shape of the part of the first joining member 11 closest to the second joining member 15, and is wider than the cross section of the part including the interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ . narrow. Therefore, even if the first joining member 11 and the second joining member 15 are overlapped, the interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ interfere with the protruding parts 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ and remain on the upper parts of the protruding parts 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ . , it doesn't fit.

Referring to FIG. 1(b), the pressure adjustment unit 7 applies pressure from above to the first bonding member 11 that is overlapped on the second bonding member 15 (step ST1).

The vibration control section 21 applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the first joining member 11 using the horn section 23 (step ST2). The sonic vibration and/or the ultrasonic vibration is longitudinal vibration (vibration in the same direction as the direction of pressurization). Sonic vibrations are below 20kHz, and ultrasonic vibrations are higher than 20kHz.

The first bonding member 11 resonates and expands and contracts when subjected to sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration. As the first joining member 11 expands and contracts resonantly, the interference parts 13 ₁ and 13 ₂ fit into the recesses 17 ₁ and 17 ₂ beyond the protrusions 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ . Thereby, mechanical joining between the first joining member 11 and the second joining member 15 can be realized. At this time, instantaneous melting and diffusion bonding can be performed. In other words, it is possible to perform three-dimensional fixation and sealing at the same time (SFB: Sound Fit Bonding). This is an alternative to shrink fitting such as metal.

The vibration control unit 21 determines whether to end the oscillation (step ST3). If the vibration control unit 21 does not end the oscillation, it continues the oscillation. If the oscillation is to be ended, the oscillation is stopped and the pressure adjustment section 7 stops pressurizing (step ST4).

The vibration control unit 21 may stop oscillation by fitting, or may continue to oscillate by utilizing the mechanical bonding state by fitting and further perform melting or diffusion bonding. From three-dimensional fixing (SF (Sound Fit) sound fitting) to SFB bonding, it is possible to freely control the joint design (shape design of the interference part 13 and recess 17, etc.) and joining conditions (vibration conditions, etc.). .

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of joint design.

FIGS. 2(a) to 2(d) show an example of processing when a recess is formed in the second joining member.

Referring to FIG. 2(a), the first joining member 31 is provided with an interference portion, and the second joining member 33 is formed with a recessed portion having a shape that includes the interference portion.

The direction in which the first joining member 31 is fitted into the second joining member 33 is referred to as the fitting direction. In FIG. 2(a), the fitting direction is from top to bottom, as indicated by arrow 32.

The cross section with respect to the fitting direction is a cross section taken in a plane perpendicular to the fitting direction. FIG. 2(a) shows a cross section on a horizontal plane. The cross-sectional shape of the first joining member 31 taken along the plane A-A' is a cross-section including the interference portion in the fitting direction. The tip shape (shape of the tip portion) of the first bonding member 31 on the B-B' plane is a shape located at the tip of the portion of the first bonding member 31 that is inserted into the second bonding member 33. The shape of the C-C' plane of the second joining member 33 is the shape of the entrance of the fitting space 34 into which the first joining member 31 is fitted. The shape of the CC' plane of the second joining member 33 is the same as or including the tip shape of the BB' plane of the first joining member 31 (BB' plane of the first joining member 31). ) and narrower than the cross-sectional shape of the first joining member 31 on the AA' plane.

FIG. 2(b) shows a state in which the tip of the first joining member 31 is inserted into the fitting space of the second joining member 33. The interference portion of the first joining member 31 interferes with and gets caught in the entrance of the fitting space of the second joining member 33, and cannot be inserted beyond the entrance.

The horn portion applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the first joining member 31 in the state shown in FIG. 2(b) from the upper end. As shown in FIG. 2C, the first joining member 31 expands and contracts resonantly, and the interference portion of the first joining member 31 can enter beyond the entrance of the second joining member 33. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2(d), the interference part of the first joining member 31 fits into the recessed part of the second joining member 33. The interference part of the first joining member 31 fits into the recessed part of the second joining member 33 to achieve mechanical joining. Furthermore, the interference part may press the side surface of the recessed part and fix it by tension.

FIG. 2E shows an example of a process in which no recess is formed in the second bonding member. The shape of the entrance of the fitting space of the second joining member 37 is larger than the tip shape of the first joining member 35 and narrower than the cross section of the interference portion in the fitting direction. Therefore, the interference portion of the first joining member 35 is caught at the entrance of the fitting space of the second joining member 37, and cannot enter beyond the entrance. The horn section applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the upper end of the first joining member 35 . The first joining member 35 expands and contracts resonantly, and the interference portion of the first joining member 35 passes through the entrance of the second joining member 37 and enters into it, pressing the side surface of the fitting space of the second joining member 37 . The first joining member 35 is fitted onto the second joining member 37 to achieve mechanical joining.

FIG. 2(f) shows another example of the process in which no recess is formed in the second bonding member. The interference portion of the first joining member 39 is formed up to the upper end of the part of the first joining member 39 to be joined. The shape of the entrance of the fitting space of the second joining member 41 is larger than the tip shape of the first joining member 39 and narrower than the cross section of the interference portion in the fitting direction. Therefore, the interference portion of the first joining member 39 is caught at the entrance of the fitting space of the second joining member 41, and cannot enter beyond the entrance. The horn section applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the upper end of the first joining member 39 . The first joining member 39 expands and contracts resonantly, and the interference portion of the first joining member 39 passes through the entrance of the second joining member 41 and enters into it, pressing the side surface of the fitting space of the second joining member 41 . The first joining member 39 is fitted into the second joining member 41 to achieve mechanical joining.

FIGS. 2(g) to (i) show an example in which an interference portion is provided inside a ring-shaped first joining member.

Referring to FIG. 2(g), the first joining member 43 is ring-shaped and has an interference portion provided inside. The second joining member 45 has a raised central portion and a flat peripheral portion. A recess is formed around the central raised part.

2(h) and (i) are diagrams showing a cross section taken along the line DD' in FIG. 2(g), and are diagrams for explaining an example of the bonding process.

Referring to FIG. 2(h), the first joining member 43 is arranged so as to surround the raised central portion of the second joining member 45. As shown in FIG. The first bonding member 43 is subjected to sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration from above, and expands and contracts in resonance. As shown in FIG. 2(i), the interference part of the first joining member 43 fits into the recessed part of the second joining member 45. Thereby, mechanical joining is achieved and the first joining member 43 is fitted into the second joining member 45. The interference portion of the first joining member may be formed on the outside or on the inside.

FIG. 3 shows a bonding device used when conducting experiments regarding the present invention. FIG. 3(a) shows the external appearance. FIG. 3(b) shows the horn.

In the horn shown in FIG. 3(b), a cross horn 51 is arranged at the center, and solid boosters (resonators) 53 ₁ and 53 ₂ are connected to both ends of the cross horn 51 . The actuators directly grip the solid boosters 53 ₁ and 53 ₂ . Arrows 55 ₁ , 55 ₂ , 55 ₃ and 55 ₄ of solid boosters 53 ₁ and 53 ₂ indicate clamp portions. A round horn 57 is connected to the lower side of the cross horn 51. Points 59 ₁ and 59 ₂ are nodal points. In the cross horn 51, vertical and horizontal vibration modes exist around the nodal point ₅₉₁ . In the round horn 57, there are vertical vibration modes centered around the nodal point ₅₉₂ . The round horn 57 allows longitudinal vibration to be applied to the part.

In Figure 3, a rigid DSS (Dual Support System) + VVB (Vertical Vibration Bonding) is realized. The actuator directly grips the solid booster and moves up and down to pressurize the part. The drive shaft of the actuator and the pressure axis of the horn are almost coaxial, allowing parts to be pressed vertically with a small amount of deflection, so that sonic energy is transmitted without loss, allowing parts to be joined together.

Experiments conducted by the inventors will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

Figure 4 shows a bonding experiment using aluminum and stainless steel. FIG. 4(a) shows the state before the experiment. The lid is made of aluminum A1070/SUS304 with a diameter of 44 mm and a thickness of t3.0 mm. The part of the body where the lid is fitted is made of SUS304 with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 3.0 mm. FIG. 4(b) shows an outline of the fitting process. The lid 63 is set on the body 67. The lid 63 is provided with interference portions 65 ₁ and 65 ₂ of 50 to 100 μm. Pressure is applied from above using a horn 61 to apply longitudinal sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration. Similarly to FIG. 2(e), the lid 63 can be fitted onto the body 67. FIG. 4(c) shows the appearance after bonding and a cross section of the bonded portion. Even in cases where general bonding is difficult, bonding can be achieved by combining it with mechanical bonding. It has passed an environmental cycle test that repeats a heat resistance test (-40°C in the freezer to room temperature) and a sealing test (room temperature to +60°C in warm water).

FIG. 5 shows a stainless steel joining experiment. The shapes of the lid and body are the same as those in FIG. 4, and the lid and body are made of SUS304. FIG. 5(a) shows an overview of the fitting process. The lid 73 is set on the body 77. The lid 73 is provided with interference portions 75 ₁ and 75 ₂ of 20 to 30 μm above both ends. Pressure is applied from above using a horn to apply longitudinal sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration. Similarly to FIG. 2(f), the lid 73 can be fitted onto the body 77. FIG. 5(b) shows the appearance after bonding and a cross section of the bonded portion. Even in cases where general bonding is difficult, bonding can be achieved by combining it with mechanical bonding.

FIG. 6 shows an example of fixing the blade with an iron horn. FIG. 6(a) shows the blade. Residual stress from soldering causes waviness in the blade. By incorporating a mechanical fixing method, the accuracy of the blade can be ensured. The effect of the cut has been confirmed.

FIG. 6(b) shows an overview of the fixing process centering on the location 81 in FIG. 6(a). The first joining member 83 is ring-shaped, and has an interference portion 87 (hook convex) formed inside. The second joining member 85 has a raised central portion and a horizontal peripheral portion. A recess 89 (Hook recess) is formed around the raised central portion. A blade 91 is provided on the horizontal periphery of the first joining member 83 and the second joining member 85, and the first joining member 83 is joined to the second joining member 85 with the blade 91 in between. The second bonding member 85 is placed on a table 93, and the first bonding member 83 is subjected to longitudinal sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration by the horn 82. For example, it was possible to insert and fix it with longitudinal vibration of 15 kHz.

As shown in FIG. 6(c), the interference part 87 fits into the recess 89. In FIG. 6(c), tension is applied downward and to the left in the first joining member 83. At least the interference portion 87 and the recess 89 are fixed by tension and diffusion bonding.

1 joining device, 3 joining processing section, 7 pressure adjustment section, 9 control section, 11, 31, 35, 39, 43 first joining member, 13 interference section, 15, 33, 37, 41, 45 second joining member, 16, 34 fitting space, 17 recess, 18 protrusion, 21 vibration control section, 23 horn section, 51 cross horn, 53 solid booster, 55 clamp section, 57 round horn, 59 nodal point, 61, 71 horn, 63, 73 lid, 65, 75 interference part, 67, 77 body, 81 explanation part, 82 horn, 83 first joint member, 85 second joint member, 87 interference part, 89 recess, 91 blade, 93 unit

Claims (2)

A joining method in which a joining device uses sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to produce a product in which a first joining member and a second joining member are joined,
A bonding processing unit included in the bonding device applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the first bonding member to cause resonance expansion and contraction, and fitting the first bonding member into the fitting space of the second bonding member. includes a fixing step for mechanical fixing;
The first joining member includes an interference portion on a side surface with respect to the fitting direction,
The mechanical fixation is a state in which the interference part of the first joining member presses the side surface of the fitting space and/or fits into a recess formed in the side surface of the fitting space,
The interference portion is not on the front end side with respect to the fitting space on the side surface of the first joining member, but is present on the center or rear end side ,
In the fitting space, the cross-sectional shape of the entrance into which the first joining member is fitted is the same as or wider than the shape of the tip of the first joining member and narrower than the cross-sectional shape of the interference part, If there is no sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration, the interference portion cannot be inserted into the fitting space even if the tip of the first joining member is inserted into the entrance of the fitting space,
In the fixing step, the bonding processing unit applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the first bonding member with at least the tip of the first bonding member inserted into the entrance of the fitting space. A bonding method comprising fitting the first bonding member into the fitting space of the second bonding member and mechanically fixing the first bonding member through resonance expansion and contraction. In the fixing step, the bonding processing unit applies sonic vibration and/or ultrasonic vibration to the mechanically fixed first bonding member to melt and/or take advantage of the mechanically fixed state. The bonding method according to claim 1, wherein diffusion bonding is performed.

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