JP7380300B2 - Combustor, reformer and reforming system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a combustor, a reformer, and a reforming system.

As a conventional reformer, for example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is known. The reformer described in Patent Document 1 is an apparatus that supplies fuel, air, and steam to generate hydrogen through a reforming reaction. The reformer includes, from the upstream side to the downstream side, a honeycomb-type catalyst heater that generates heat when energized and promotes heat generation through catalytic combustion, a honeycomb catalyst that mainly promotes partial oxidation reactions, and a honeycomb catalyst that mainly promotes the partial oxidation reaction. A honeycomb catalyst is provided to promote the reforming (ATR) reaction.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes a tubular flame burner. The tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 2 includes a tubular combustion chamber with an open end, a fuel-containing gas nozzle and an oxygen-containing gas nozzle that blow fuel gas and air into the combustion chamber, respectively, and a rear end of the combustion chamber. It includes a rod-shaped body inserted into the combustion chamber from the end and an electric heater that heats the rod-shaped body. The injection directions of the fuel-containing gas nozzle and the oxygen-containing gas nozzle coincide with the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the combustion chamber. As a result, a tubular flame is formed in the combustion chamber with a high-speed swirling flow.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-154805 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-107031

In Patent Document 1 mentioned above, the temperature of the honeycomb catalyst is raised to the activation temperature by a catalyst heater, but it takes time to ignite the fuel, and the start-up of the reformer is delayed. Therefore, it is also possible to heat the honeycomb catalyst using the tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 2 mentioned above. However, in this case, since the temperature of the tubular flame is too high, the honeycomb catalyst to be heated deteriorates.

An object of the present invention is to provide a combustor, a reformer, and a reforming system that can heat a heating target at an appropriate temperature.

One aspect of the present invention is a combustor that generates combustion gas for heating a heating target, which includes a tubular casing, and a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas provided in the casing for generating combustion gas. a first gas introduction part that introduces the first gas into the interior of the housing; an ignition part that is attached to the housing and ignites the fuel gas introduced into the interior of the housing from the first gas introduction part; A second gas introduction part that is provided between the first gas introduction part and the heating target and introduces a second gas into the casing for cooling the combustion gas; and a second gas introduction part inside the casing. and a mixing member disposed between the heating target and the heating target to mix the combustion gas and the second gas.

In such a combustor, the first gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the first gas introduction part, and the ignition part ignites the fuel gas. It burns, producing hot combustion gases. When the second gas is introduced into the housing from the second gas introduction portion, the combustion gas and the second gas exchange heat, and the high-temperature combustion gas is cooled by the second gas. At this time, since the combustion gas and the second gas are mixed by the mixing member, heat exchange between the combustion gas and the second gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is effectively cooled. Thereby, the object to be heated is heated to an appropriate temperature by the combustion gas.

The housing may have a circular tubular shape, and the first gas introducing portion may introduce the first gas into the housing in a tangential direction of the housing. In such a configuration, the first gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the first gas introduction part in the tangential direction of the casing. Therefore, the first gas becomes a tubular flow, and in this state, the fuel gas is ignited to form a tubular flame. Therefore, high-temperature combustion gas swirls and flows inside the housing toward the object to be heated. When the second gas is introduced into the housing, the swirling combustion gas is cooled. At this time, since the combustion gas and the second gas are mixed by the mixing member, the uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is ensured regardless of the swirling flow of the combustion gas. Therefore, the object to be heated is prevented from being locally heated.

The second gas introduction section may introduce the second gas into the housing in a tangential direction of the housing. In such a configuration, the second gas introduced into the housing from the second gas introduction portion forms a tubular flow, and therefore flows in a swirling manner toward the heating target. Therefore, the second gas mixes with the swirling combustion gas in a similar flow. Therefore, since the mixing path of the combustion gas and the second gas becomes longer, further uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is ensured.

Another aspect of the present invention is a reformer that generates hydrogen-containing reformed gas by burning fuel gas with an oxidizing gas and reforming the fuel gas, which includes a tubular casing and a casing. A catalyst is placed inside the casing and heated by combustion gas generated by burning fuel gas, and a catalyst is provided in the casing to introduce a starting gas containing fuel gas and oxidizing gas into the casing. A starting gas introduction part, an ignition part that is attached to the casing and ignites the fuel gas introduced into the casing from the starting gas introduction part, and between the starting gas introduction part and the catalyst in the casing. a fuel gas introduction section that is provided between the starting gas introduction section and the catalyst in the casing, and an oxidizing gas introduction section that introduces the oxidizing gas into the casing; It includes an introduction part and a mixing member that is arranged between the catalyst and at least one of the fuel gas introduction part and the oxidizing gas introduction part inside the casing and mixes the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas.

When starting up such a reformer, starting gas containing fuel gas and oxidizing gas is introduced into the housing from the starting gas introduction part, and the ignition part ignites the fuel gas. and burns, producing high-temperature combustion gas. In addition, the fuel gas is introduced into the casing from the fuel gas introduction part, and the oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the oxidizing gas introduction part, so that the combustion gas, fuel gas, and oxidizing gas is supplied to the catalyst. Then, the catalyst is heated by the combustion gas and its temperature increases, so that the catalyst burns and reforms the fuel gas, and a reformed gas containing hydrogen is generated. Here, when the fuel gas and oxidizing gas that contribute to reforming are introduced into the casing, the combustion gas and the fuel gas and oxidizing gas exchange heat, and the high-temperature combustion gas becomes the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas. Cooled by gas. At this time, since the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas are mixed by the mixing member, heat exchange between the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is effectively cooled. Thereby, the catalyst to be heated is heated to an appropriate temperature by the combustion gas.

The oxidizing gas introduction part may be provided between the fuel gas introduction part and the catalyst in the casing. In such a configuration, the fuel gas introduced into the housing from the fuel gas introduction portion receives heat from the combustion gas, thereby lowering the temperature of the combustion gas. The oxidizing gas introduced into the casing from the oxidizing gas introduction part lowers the temperature of the combustion gas containing the fuel gas by receiving heat from the combustion gas containing the fuel gas. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is cooled more effectively.

The mixing member is a first mixing member disposed between the fuel gas introduction part and the oxidizing gas introduction part inside the casing, and a first mixing member disposed between the oxidizing gas introduction part and the catalyst inside the casing. It may also have a second mixing member. In such a configuration, the combustion gas and the fuel gas are mixed by the first mixing member. Therefore, heat exchange between the combustion gas and the fuel gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the first mixing member functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Furthermore, the combustion gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas are mixed by the second mixing member. Therefore, heat exchange between the combustion gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas is promoted. Therefore, the high temperature combustion gas is cooled more effectively.

The housing may have a cylindrical shape, and the starting gas introducing portion may introduce the starting gas into the housing in a tangential direction of the housing. In such a configuration, the starting gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the starting gas introducing portion in the tangential direction of the casing. Therefore, the starting gas becomes a tubular flow, and in this state, the fuel gas is ignited to form a tubular flame. Therefore, high-temperature combustion gas swirls and flows inside the casing toward the catalyst. When the fuel gas and oxidizing gas contributing to reforming are introduced into the housing, the swirling combustion gas is cooled. At this time, since the combustion gas, fuel gas, and oxidizing gas are mixed by the mixing member, the uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is ensured regardless of the swirling flow of the combustion gas. Therefore, the object to be heated is prevented from being locally heated.

The fuel gas introduction part may introduce the fuel gas into the casing in the tangential direction of the casing, and the oxidizing gas introduction part may introduce the oxidizing gas into the casing in the tangential direction of the casing. . In such a configuration, the fuel gas introduced into the casing from the fuel gas inlet and the oxidizing gas introduced into the casing from the oxidizing gas inlet become tubular flows, so they flow toward the catalyst. It swirls and flows. Therefore, the fuel gas and oxidizing gas that contribute to reforming are mixed in the same flow with respect to the swirling combustion gas. Therefore, the mixing path of the combustion gas, fuel gas, and oxidizing gas becomes longer, so that the uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is sufficiently ensured.

A part of the mixing member may be a porous body. In such a configuration, the combustion gas that has passed through the mixing member is supplied to the catalyst in a spot manner. Therefore, the catalyst is heated in spots.

A reforming system according to still another aspect of the present invention includes a reformer that generates a reformed gas containing hydrogen by burning fuel gas with an oxidizing gas and reforming the fuel gas; A fuel gas supply unit that supplies fuel gas to the device, an oxidizing gas supply unit that supplies oxidizing gas to the reformer, and a control unit that controls the reformer, the fuel gas supply unit, and the oxidizing gas supply unit. The reformer includes a tubular housing, a catalyst that is placed inside the housing and is heated by combustion gas generated by burning fuel gas, and a catalyst that is installed in the housing and that generates fuel gas. and a starting gas introduction part that introduces starting gas containing an oxidizing gas into the inside of the casing, and an ignition that is attached to the casing and ignites the fuel gas introduced into the inside of the casing from the starting gas introduction part. and a fuel gas introduction part that is provided between the starting gas introduction part and the catalyst in the casing and introduces the fuel gas into the inside of the casing, and between the starting gas introduction part in the casing and the catalyst. an oxidizing gas introduction section that introduces the oxidizing gas into the interior of the casing; and an oxidizing gas introduction section that is arranged between the catalyst and at least one of the fuel gas introduction section and the oxidizing gas introduction section inside the casing, and is arranged between the catalyst and and a mixing member for mixing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.

In such a reforming system, when starting up the reformer, starting gas containing fuel gas and oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the starting gas introduction part, and the ignition part ignites the gas. , the fuel gas ignites and burns, producing high-temperature combustion gas. In addition, the fuel gas is introduced into the casing from the fuel gas introduction part, and the oxidizing gas is introduced into the casing from the oxidizing gas introduction part, so that the combustion gas, fuel gas, and oxidizing gas is supplied to the catalyst. Then, the catalyst is heated by the combustion gas and its temperature increases, so that the catalyst burns and reforms the fuel gas, and a reformed gas containing hydrogen is generated. Here, when the fuel gas and oxidizing gas that contribute to reforming are introduced into the casing, the combustion gas and the fuel gas and oxidizing gas exchange heat, and the high-temperature combustion gas becomes the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas. Cooled by gas. At this time, since the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas are mixed by the mixing member, heat exchange between the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is effectively cooled. Thereby, the catalyst to be heated is heated to an appropriate temperature by the combustion gas.

The fuel gas supply section includes a first fuel gas valve that controls the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the startup gas introduction section, and a second fuel gas valve that controls the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas introduction section. The oxidizing gas supply section includes a first oxidizing gas valve that controls the flow rate of the oxidizing gas supplied to the startup gas introduction section, and a first oxidizing gas valve that controls the flow rate of the oxidizing gas supplied to the oxidizing gas introduction section. a second oxidizing gas valve, the control unit controls to open the first fuel gas valve, the first oxidizing gas valve, the second fuel gas valve, and the second oxidizing gas valve when the reformer is started, and a first control section that controls the ignition section to ignite; and a first control section that controls the opening of the first fuel gas valve and the first oxidizing gas valve, and then closing the first fuel gas valve and the first oxidizing gas valve. It may also have a second control section that controls the above. In such a configuration, after the start-up of the reformer is started, the introduction of the start-up gas into the interior of the casing is stopped. Therefore, wasteful combustion of the fuel gas as the starting gas is prevented.

The reforming system further includes a temperature detection section that detects the temperature of the catalyst, and the second control section controls the first fuel gas valve and the second control section when the temperature of the catalyst detected by the temperature detection section exceeds a predetermined temperature. The first oxidizing gas valve may be controlled to be closed. In such a configuration, when the temperature of the catalyst becomes equal to or higher than a specified temperature, the first fuel gas valve and the first oxidizing gas valve are closed. Therefore, the introduction of the starting gas into the interior of the casing is stopped at an appropriate time when the fuel gas is combusted and reformed. Therefore, wasteful combustion of the fuel gas as the starting gas is further prevented.

The first control unit is configured to first control to open the first fuel gas valve and the first oxidizing gas valve when starting the reformer, and then to reduce the opening degrees of the first fuel gas valve and the first oxidizing gas valve. May be controlled. In such a configuration, immediately after starting the reformer, the mixing member increases the flow rate of the fuel gas and oxidizing gas as the starting gas introduced into the casing. Even though the heat capacity increases, the start-up time of the reformer is reduced.

According to the present invention, a heating target can be heated at an appropriate temperature.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a reforming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a reformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line IVa-IVa and a sectional view taken along the line IVb-IVb in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing details of a control processing procedure executed by the control unit shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a timing diagram showing the operation of the reforming system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the reformer based on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 8 is a front view of the mixing member shown in FIG. 7; It is a block diagram which shows the reformer based on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a flowchart showing a modification of the control processing procedure executed by the control unit shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 11 is a timing diagram showing the operation of a reforming system including a control unit that executes the control process shown in FIG. 10. FIG. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are given the same reference numerals, and overlapping explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a reforming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a reforming system 1 of this embodiment includes an ammonia gas supply source 2, an air supply source 3, and a reformer 4.

The ammonia gas supply source 2 generates ammonia gas (NH ₃ gas) which is a fuel gas. Although not particularly shown, the ammonia gas supply source 2 includes an ammonia tank that stores ammonia in a liquid state and a vaporizer that vaporizes liquid ammonia to generate ammonia gas.

The air supply source 3 generates air, which is an oxidizing gas. As the air supply source 3, for example, a blower or the like is used.

The reformer 4 generates hydrogen-containing reformed gas by burning ammonia gas with air and reforming the ammonia gas. Note that ammonia gas and air are gases for reforming and also gases for generating combustion gas (described later).

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a reformer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the reformer 4 of this embodiment includes a reformer 5 and a combustor 6 connected to the reformer 5.

The reformer 5 includes a tubular casing 7 and an ATR reforming catalyst 8 (self-thermal reforming catalyst) disposed inside the casing 7. The housing 7 has a circular tubular shape. The housing 7 is made of a material such as stainless steel that is resistant to corrosion by ammonia gas.

The ATR reforming catalyst 8 is a catalyst that reformes ammonia gas by burning the ammonia gas and decomposing the ammonia gas into hydrogen using the heat of combustion of the ammonia gas. The ATR reforming catalyst 8 has a honeycomb structure, for example, and is fixed to the housing 7.

The ATR reforming catalyst 8 burns ammonia gas in a temperature range of, for example, about 200°C to 400°C, and also reforms ammonia gas in a temperature range higher than the combustion temperature of ammonia gas (for example, about 250°C to 500°C). do. As the ATR reforming catalyst 8, for example, a cobalt-based catalyst, a rhodium-based catalyst, a ruthenium-based catalyst, a palladium-based catalyst, or the like is used.

The combustor 6 is a tubular flame burner that generates combustion gas for heating the ATR reforming catalyst 8 that is the heating target. The combustor 6 includes a tubular casing 9, a starting gas introduction section 10, an ammonia gas introduction section 11 (fuel gas introduction section), and an air introduction section 12 (oxidizing gas introduction section) provided in this casing 9. , an igniter 13 attached to the casing 9 , and a mixing member 14 disposed inside the casing 9 .

The housing 9 has a circular tubular shape. The diameter of the casing 9 is smaller than the diameter of the casing 7 of the reformer 5. The housing 9 is connected to the housing 7 via a tapered connecting pipe 15. The housing 9 is made of the same material as the housing 7.

As shown in FIG. 3, four starting gas introduction parts 10 are provided on the front end side of the housing 9. The tip of the casing 9 is the end of the casing 9 on the opposite side from the reformer 5. The opening at the tip of the housing 9 is closed with a lid 16. The starting gas introduction section 10 introduces starting gas containing ammonia gas and air into the housing 9 . Note that the starting gas may contain a small amount of gas other than ammonia gas and air.

The starting gas introducing portions 10 are arranged at equal intervals so as to extend in the tangential direction of the housing 9 . Therefore, the starting gas is introduced into the casing 9 in the tangential direction of the casing 9. At this time, the starting gas is introduced into the housing 9 in a state in which ammonia gas and air are mixed. Here, the ammonia gas and air introduced into the casing 9 from the starting gas introducing section 10 are referred to as starting ammonia gas and starting air, respectively.

The starting gas introducing section 10 is a first gas introducing section that introduces a first gas, which is a starting gas containing starting ammonia gas and starting air for generating the above-mentioned combustion gas, into the inside of the casing 9. It consists of

As shown in FIG. 4A, two ammonia gas introduction sections 11 are provided on the downstream side (on the reformer 5 side) of the starting gas introduction section 10 in the housing 9. That is, the ammonia gas introduction section 11 is provided between the starting gas introduction section 10 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in the housing 9 . The ammonia gas introduction section 11 introduces ammonia gas into the housing 9 .

Each ammonia gas introduction part 11 is arranged at equal intervals so as to extend in the tangential direction of the housing 9. Therefore, ammonia gas is introduced into the housing 9 in the tangential direction of the housing 9. Here, the ammonia gas introduced into the housing 9 from the ammonia gas introduction section 11 is the main ammonia gas for reforming.

As shown in FIG. 4B, two air introduction sections 12 are provided on the downstream side of the ammonia gas introduction section 11 in the housing 9. That is, the air introduction section 12 is provided between the ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in the housing 9 . The air introduction section 12 introduces air into the housing 9 .

Each air introduction part 12 is arranged at equal intervals so as to extend in the tangential direction of the housing 9. Therefore, air is introduced into the housing 9 in the tangential direction of the housing 9. The air introduction section 12 is arranged at a position corresponding to the ammonia gas introduction section 11, for example. Here, the air introduced into the housing 9 from the air introduction part 12 is used as the main air for the ATR reaction.

The ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the air introduction section 12 are provided between the startup gas introduction section 10 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in the housing 9, and are the main ammonia gas and main air for cooling the combustion gas. It constitutes a second gas introduction section that introduces the second gas into the interior of the housing 9.

Note that the starting gas introduction section 10, the ammonia gas introduction section 11, and the air introduction section 12 may be separate from the housing 9, or may be integrated with the housing 9. Further, the number of starting gas introduction parts 10 is not particularly limited to four, and may be two or one, for example. The number of ammonia gas introduction parts 11 and air introduction parts 12 is not particularly limited to two, and may be one, for example.

The ignition section 13 ignites the starting ammonia gas introduced into the housing 9 from each starting gas introducing section 10 . The ignition part 13 is fixed to the lid 16. The ignition unit 13 is, for example, a glow plug or a spark plug.

The mixing member 14 is arranged on the downstream side of the air introduction section 12 inside the housing 9 . That is, the mixing member 14 is arranged between the air introduction part 12 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 inside the housing 9. The mixing member 14 is a member that mixes the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air. The mixing member 14 has a circular shape when viewed from the front.

The mixing member 14 mixes the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air on the upstream side of the mixing member 14 due to the pressure loss of the mixing member 14 . As such a mixing member 14, for example, a porous body or the like that can stir and mix the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air is used. A porous body is a solid that has many pores (voids). Note that the mixing member 14 may have a plurality of blade shapes.

Returning to FIG. 1, the ammonia gas supply source 2 and the reformer 4 are connected via ammonia gas channels 17 and 18. The air supply source 3 and the reformer 4 are connected via air channels 19 and 20.

One end of the ammonia gas flow path 17 is connected to the ammonia gas supply source 2. The other end of the ammonia gas flow path 17 is connected to each starting gas introduction part 10 of the reformer 4. The ammonia gas passage 17 is a passage through which starting ammonia gas flows from the ammonia gas supply source 2 to the starting gas introduction section 10 .

One end of the ammonia gas flow path 18 is connected to the ammonia gas flow path 17. The other end of the ammonia gas flow path 18 is connected to each ammonia gas introduction section 11 of the reformer 4. The ammonia gas flow path 18 is a flow path through which the main ammonia gas flows from the ammonia gas supply source 2 to the ammonia gas introduction section 11 .

One end of the air flow path 19 is connected to the air supply source 3. The other end of the air flow path 19 is connected to the ammonia gas flow path 17. The air flow path 19 is a flow path through which startup air flows from the air supply source 3 to the startup gas introduction section 10 .

One end of the air flow path 20 is connected to the air flow path 19. The other end of the air flow path 20 is connected to each air introduction section 12 of the reformer 4. The air flow path 20 is a flow path through which main air flows from the air supply source 3 to the air introduction section 12 .

A starting ammonia gas valve 21 is disposed in the ammonia gas flow path 17 . The starting ammonia gas valve 21 is a first fuel gas valve that controls the flow rate of the starting ammonia gas supplied to the starting gas introduction section 10 . A starting air valve 22 is provided in the air flow path 19 . The starting air valve 22 is a first oxidizing gas valve that controls the flow rate of starting air supplied to the starting gas introduction section 10 . As the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22, electromagnetic flow control valves are used.

A main ammonia gas valve 23 is provided in the ammonia gas flow path 18 . The main ammonia gas valve 23 is a second fuel gas valve that controls the flow rate of the main ammonia gas supplied to the ammonia gas introduction section 11. A main air valve 24 is disposed in the air flow path 20 . The main air valve 24 is a second oxidizing gas valve that controls the flow rate of main air supplied to the air introduction section 12. As the main ammonia gas valve 23 and the main air valve 24, electromagnetic flow control valves are used.

The ammonia gas supply source 2, the ammonia gas channels 17 and 18, the starting ammonia gas valve 21, and the main ammonia gas valve 23 constitute an ammonia gas supply section 25 (fuel gas supply section) that supplies ammonia gas to the reformer 4. ing. The air supply source 3, the air channels 19 and 20, the starting air valve 22, and the main air valve 24 constitute an air supply section 26 (oxidizing gas supply section) that supplies air to the reformer 4.

A hydrogen utilization device 28 is connected to the reformer 5 of the reformer 4 via a reformed gas flow path 27 . The reformed gas passage 27 is a passage through which the reformed gas flows from the reformer 5 to the hydrogen utilization device 28.

The hydrogen utilization device 28 is a device that utilizes hydrogen contained in the reformed gas. Examples of the hydrogen utilization device 28 include a combustion device such as an ammonia engine or an ammonia gas turbine using ammonia as fuel, or a fuel cell that generates power by chemically reacting hydrogen and oxygen in the air.

The reforming system 1 also includes a temperature sensor 29 and a control unit 30. The temperature sensor 29 is a temperature detection section that detects the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8. The temperature sensor 29 may detect the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 itself, or may detect the temperature of the gas flowing into the ATR reforming catalyst 8, for example.

The control unit 30 includes a CPU, RAM, ROM, input/output interface, and the like. Based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 29, the control unit 30 controls the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the main ammonia gas valve 23 of the ammonia gas supply section 25, the starting air valve 22 and the main air valve 24 of the air supply section 26, The ignition unit 13 is controlled. The control unit 30 includes a first control section 31 and a second control section 32.

When starting the reformer 4, the first control section 31 controls to open the starting ammonia gas valve 21, the starting air valve 22, the main ammonia gas valve 23, and the main air valve 24, and also causes the ignition section 13 to ignite. Control as follows.

The second control unit 32 controls the first control unit 31 to open the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22, and then the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 detected by the temperature sensor 29 is determined in advance. When the temperature exceeds the specified temperature, the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled to close.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing details of the procedure of the control process executed by the control unit 30. This process is executed when startup of the reformer 4 is instructed by a manual switch or the like. Note that before this process is executed, the starting ammonia gas valve 21, the starting air valve 22, the main ammonia gas valve 23, and the main air valve 24 are all in a fully closed state.

In FIG. 5, when the control unit 30 is instructed to start the reformer 4, it controls the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 to open (step S101). As a result, starting ammonia gas and starting air are supplied to the starting gas introduction section 10 of the combustor 6 (see FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b)). At this time, the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled so that the supply flow rates of the starting ammonia gas and the starting air become specified values (e.g., equivalence ratio).

Subsequently, the control unit 30 controls the ignition unit 13 to ignite (step S102). As a result, the ignition part 13 ignites, so that the starting ammonia gas is ignited and burned, and combustion gas is generated.

Subsequently, the control unit 30 controls the main ammonia gas valve 23 to open (step S103). As a result, the main ammonia gas is supplied to the ammonia gas introduction section 11 of the combustor 6 (see FIG. 6(c)).

Subsequently, the control unit 30 controls the main air valve 24 to open (step S104). As a result, main air is supplied to the air introduction section 12 of the combustor 6 (see FIG. 6(d)). At this time, the main air valve 24 is controlled together with the main ammonia gas valve 23 so that the supply flow rates of the main ammonia gas and the main air become specified values (e.g., equivalence ratio).

Subsequently, the control unit 30 acquires the detected value of the temperature sensor 29 (step S105). Then, the control unit 30 determines whether the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is equal to or higher than the specified temperature T1 (see FIG. 6(e)) based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 29 (step S106). The specified temperature T1 is a temperature at which the main ammonia gas can be combusted by the ATR reforming catalyst 8 (combustible temperature). When the control unit 30 determines that the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is not equal to or higher than the specified temperature T1, it executes step S105 again.

When the control unit 30 determines that the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is equal to or higher than the specified temperature T1, it controls the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 to close (step S107). As a result, the supply of starting ammonia gas and starting air to the starting gas introducing portion 10 of the combustor 6 is stopped (see FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b)).

Subsequently, the control unit 30 acquires the detected value of the temperature sensor 29 (step S108). Then, the control unit 30 determines whether the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is equal to or higher than the specified temperature T2 (see FIG. 6(e)) based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 29 (step S109). The specified temperature T2 is a temperature at which the main ammonia gas can be reformed by the ATR reforming catalyst 8 (reformable temperature), and is higher than the specified temperature T1. When the control unit 30 determines that the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is not equal to or higher than the specified temperature T2, it executes step S108 again.

When the control unit 30 determines that the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is equal to or higher than the specified temperature T2, the control unit 30 controls the opening degrees of the main ammonia gas valve 23 and the main air valve 24 (step S110). At this time, the opening degrees of the main ammonia gas valve and the main air valve are controlled so that the supply flow rates of the main ammonia gas and main air are set so that the ATR reforming catalyst 8 performs an appropriate reforming operation (Fig. 6(c), (d)).

Here, the first control unit 31 executes the above steps S101 to S104. The second control unit 32 executes the above steps S105 to S110. Note that the control unit 30 stops the ignition of the ignition section 13 after executing step S101 or step S110 described above.

In the reforming system 1 as described above, when the start-up of the reformer 4 is instructed, the start-up ammonia gas valve 21 and the start-up air valve 22 open, resulting in the process shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b). As shown, starting ammonia gas and starting air are supplied to the starting gas introduction section 10 of the combustor 6. Then, starting ammonia gas and starting air are introduced into the casing 9 of the combustor 6 from the starting gas introduction section 10 . At this time, since the starting ammonia gas and the starting air are introduced in the tangential direction of the housing 9, they form a tubular flow inside the housing 9.

When the ignition part 13 ignites in this state, the starting ammonia gas is ignited, a tubular flame is formed, and the starting ammonia gas is combusted. Specifically, as shown in the following formula, ammonia and oxygen in the air undergo a chemical reaction to generate combustion gas (exothermic reaction).
_NH3 +3/ _4O2 →1/ _2N2 +3/ _2H2O ...(A)

At this time, the temperature of the tubular flame rises to, for example, about 1000°C to 1700°C. Therefore, high-temperature combustion gas is generated due to the above-mentioned oxidation reaction of ammonia. The high-temperature combustion gas swirls and flows inside the casing 9 toward the reformer 5.

Further, by opening the main ammonia gas valve 23, the main ammonia gas is supplied to the ammonia gas introduction part 11 of the combustor 6, as shown in FIG. 6(c). Then, the main ammonia gas is introduced into the housing 9 from the ammonia gas introduction section 11. The temperature of the main ammonia gas is about room temperature, which is sufficiently lower than the temperature of the combustion gas. Therefore, heat is exchanged between the main ammonia gas and the combustion gas. Specifically, the main ammonia gas is heated by receiving heat from the combustion gas, and also cools the combustion gas. At this time, the temperature of the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas is lower than the ignition temperature of the ammonia gas (for example, about 650° C. in the atmosphere). Therefore, the main ammonia gas does not enter a combustion state inside the casing 9.

Furthermore, by opening the main air valve 24, main air is supplied to the air introduction section 12 of the combustor 6, as shown in FIG. 6(d). Then, main air is introduced into the housing 9 from the air introduction section 12. The temperature of the main air is also about room temperature. Therefore, heat is exchanged between the main air and the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas. Specifically, the main air is heated by receiving heat from the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas, and cools the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas. At this time, the temperature of the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas and the main air drops to, for example, about 200°C to 400°C.

At this time, the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air are stirred by the mixing member 14, and the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air are mixed. Therefore, the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the mixed gas, which is a mixture of the combustion gas, the main ammonia gas, and the main air, are made substantially uniform. The mixed gas that has passed through the mixing member 14 is supplied to the reformer 5 with a substantially uniform temperature distribution and flow rate distribution.

When the mixed gas containing combustion gas, main ammonia gas, and main air is introduced into the casing 7 of the reformer 5, the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated (warmed up), and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated. Temperature rises.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6(e), when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 reaches the specified temperature T1 (combustible temperature), the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 close. As shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the supply of starting ammonia gas and starting air to the starting gas introduction section 10 is stopped. Therefore, combustion of the starting ammonia gas is stopped.

Further, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 reaches the specified temperature T1, the main ammonia gas is combusted by the ATR reforming catalyst 8. Then, the exothermic reaction of the above formula (A) occurs, and combustion gas is generated. Then, the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 further increases due to the heat of the combustion gas (combustion heat).

Then, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 reaches the specified temperature T2 (reformable temperature), the opening degrees of the main ammonia gas valve 23 and the main air valve 24 are adjusted. ), the flow rates of the main ammonia gas valve and main air supplied to the ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the air introduction section 12, respectively, are adjusted. Here, only the flow rate of the main air is reduced and the flow rate of the main ammonia gas is not changed, but the flow rates of both the main ammonia gas and the main air may be changed.

Further, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 reaches the specified temperature T2, the main ammonia gas is reformed by the ATR reforming catalyst 8. Specifically, a decomposition reaction of ammonia occurs (endothermic reaction) as shown in the following formula, and a reformed gas containing hydrogen is generated. The reformed gas is supplied to the hydrogen utilization device 28.
NH ₃ → 3/2H ₂ + 1/2N ₂ …(B)

As described above, in this embodiment, when the reformer 4 is started, the starting gas containing ammonia gas and air is introduced into the housing 9 from the starting gas introduction part 10, and the starting gas is introduced into the casing 9 from the starting gas introduction part 10. 13 ignites and burns ammonia gas, producing high-temperature combustion gas. In addition, ammonia gas is introduced into the housing 9 from the ammonia gas introduction part 11, and air is introduced into the housing 9 from the air introduction part 12, so that the combustion gas, ammonia gas, and air are transferred to the ATR. It is supplied to the reforming catalyst 8. Then, the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated by the combustion gas and its temperature increases, so that the ATR reforming catalyst 8 burns and reforms the ammonia gas, and a reformed gas containing hydrogen is generated. Here, when ammonia gas and air that contribute to reforming are introduced into the housing 9, heat is exchanged between the combustion gas and the ammonia gas and air, and the high-temperature combustion gas is cooled by the ammonia gas and air. . At this time, since the combustion gas, ammonia gas, and air are mixed by the mixing member 14, heat exchange between the combustion gas, ammonia gas, and air is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member 14 functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is effectively cooled. Thereby, the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated to an appropriate temperature by the combustion gas. As a result, the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is prevented from becoming too hot and deteriorating.

In addition, since the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated using the heat of the high temperature combustion gas generated by igniting and burning ammonia gas as a starting gas by the ignition unit 13, the ammonia gas contributing to reforming is ignited. The time it takes to do so is shorter. This shortens the startup time of the reformer 4. Furthermore, a heater or the like for heating ammonia gas, air, or the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is not required.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the air introduction section 12 is provided between the ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in the housing 9 . Therefore, the ammonia gas introduced into the housing 9 from the ammonia gas introducing portion 11 receives heat from the combustion gas, thereby lowering the temperature of the combustion gas. The air introduced into the housing 9 from the air introduction part 12 receives heat from the combustion gas containing ammonia gas, thereby lowering the temperature of the combustion gas containing ammonia gas. Here, since the specific heat of ammonia gas is higher than that of air, ammonia gas can absorb heat with a smaller flow rate than air. Therefore, the temperature of the combustion gas decreases significantly due to heat absorption by the ammonia gas. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is cooled more effectively.

Further, in this embodiment, the starting gas containing ammonia gas and air is introduced into the casing 9 in the tangential direction of the casing 9. Therefore, the starting gas becomes a tubular flow, and in this state, the ammonia gas is ignited to form a tubular flame. Therefore, high-temperature combustion gas swirls and flows inside the casing 9 toward the ATR reforming catalyst 8. When ammonia gas and air contributing to reforming are introduced into the housing 9, the swirling combustion gas is cooled. At this time, since the combustion gas, ammonia gas, and air are mixed by the mixing member 14, the uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is ensured regardless of the swirling flow of the combustion gas. Therefore, local heating of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, ammonia gas is introduced into the housing 9 from the ammonia gas introduction part 11 in a tangential direction of the housing 9, and air is introduced into the interior of the housing 9 from the air introduction part 12 into the housing 9. is introduced in the tangential direction. Therefore, the ammonia gas and air introduced into the casing 9 form a tubular flow and flow toward the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in a swirling manner. Therefore, the ammonia gas and air that contribute to reforming mix with the swirling combustion gas in the same flow. Therefore, the mixing path of the combustion gas, ammonia gas, and air becomes longer, so that the uniformity of the temperature distribution and flow rate distribution of the combustion gas is sufficiently ensured. Further, since the mixing ratio of ammonia gas and air is equalized, ammonia gas is easily ignited and burned in the ATR reforming catalyst 8.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the reformer 4 is started, the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled to open, and then the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled to close. controlled. Therefore, after starting the reformer 4, the introduction of the starting gas into the housing 9 is stopped. Therefore, wasteful combustion of ammonia gas as the starting gas is prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 detected by the temperature sensor 29 becomes equal to or higher than a specified temperature, the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled to close. For this reason, the introduction of the starting gas into the interior of the casing 9 is stopped at an appropriate time when the ammonia gas is combusted and reformed. Therefore, wasteful combustion of ammonia gas as the starting gas is further prevented.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a reformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the reformer 4 of this embodiment includes a mixing member 40 that is circular in front view, instead of the mixing member 14 of the first embodiment.

The mixing member 40 is arranged upstream of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 inside the casing 7 of the reformer 5. In other words, the mixing member 40 is arranged between the air introduction section 12 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 inside the housing 7 .

The mixing member 40 has a bulk part 41 and a porous part 42, as shown in FIG. In other words, a part of the mixing member 40 is a porous body. The bulk portion 41 is a dense body without pores. Therefore, when the mixed gas containing the combustion gas, main ammonia gas, and main air flowing inside the casing 9 of the combustor 6 passes through the mixing member 40, the mixed gas does not pass through the bulk part 41 but through the porous holes. It passes through the mass part 42.

For example, in the mixing member 40 shown in FIG. 8(a), a circular porous part 42 is arranged at the radial center of the mixing member 40, and an annular bulk part 41 is arranged around the porous part 42. It is located. In this case, the combustion gas that has passed through the mixing member 40 easily enters the radial center of the ATR reforming catalyst 8. Therefore, the radial center portion of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is easily heated.

Further, in the mixing member 40 shown in FIG. 8(b), a plurality of (four in this case) circular porous parts 42 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mixing member 40, and the periphery of each porous part 42 is A bulk portion 41 is disposed therein. In this case, the combustion gas that has passed through the mixing member 40 tends to enter the region between the radial center and the outer circumference of the ATR reforming catalyst 8. Therefore, the region between the radial center and the outer circumference of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is easily heated.

As described above, in this embodiment, a part of the mixing member 40 is a porous body. Therefore, the combustion gas that has passed through the mixing member 40 is supplied to the ATR reforming catalyst 8 in a spot manner. Therefore, the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is heated in spots.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a reformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the reformer 4 of this embodiment includes mixing members 45 and 46 in place of the mixing member 14 in the first embodiment. The structure of the mixing members 45 and 46 is similar to that of the mixing member 14 described above.

The mixing member 45 is arranged between the ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the air introduction section 12 inside the casing 9 of the combustor 6 . The mixing member 45 is a first mixing member that mixes the combustion gas and the main ammonia gas.

The mixing member 46 is arranged on the downstream side of the air introduction part 12 inside the housing 9 . In other words, the mixing member 46 is arranged between the air introduction section 12 and the ATR reforming catalyst 8 inside the housing 9. The mixing member 46 is a second mixing member that mixes the combustion gas containing the main ammonia gas that has passed through the mixing member 45 and the main air.

As described above, in this embodiment, the combustion gas and the ammonia gas are mixed by the mixing member 45. Therefore, heat exchange between the combustion gas and the ammonia gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member 45 functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Furthermore, the combustion gas containing ammonia gas and air are mixed by the mixing member 46. Therefore, heat exchange between the combustion gas containing ammonia gas and air is promoted. Therefore, the high temperature combustion gas is cooled more effectively.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a modified example of the procedure of the control process executed by the control unit 30, and corresponds to FIG. 5. In this modification, the control unit 30 includes a first control section 31 and a second control section 32, similar to the first embodiment described above. The basic functions of the first control section 31 and the second control section 32 are the same as in the first embodiment described above.

At this time, when starting the reformer 4, the first control unit 31 first controls the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 to open, and then opens the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22. Control to reduce the opening degree.

In FIG. 10, when the control unit 30 is instructed to start the reformer 4, it sequentially executes steps S101 to S104 similarly to the first embodiment described above. As a result, starting ammonia gas and starting air are supplied to the starting gas introducing section 10 (see FIGS. 11(a) and 11(b)), and main ammonia gas is supplied to the ammonia gas introducing section 11 (see FIG. 11(a)). c)), and main air is supplied to the air introduction section 12 (see FIG. 11(d)). At this time, the supply flow rates of the starting ammonia gas and the starting air are set to be greater than the prescribed values in step 101 of FIG. 5 .

Subsequently, the control unit 30 determines whether a specified time has elapsed after starting execution of step S101 (step S111). The prescribed time is determined, for example, taking into consideration the heat capacity inside the casing 9 due to the mixing member 14.

When the control unit 30 determines that the prescribed time has elapsed, it controls the opening degrees of the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 to be small (step S112). As a result, the flow rates of the starting ammonia gas and the starting air supplied to the starting gas introduction section 10 are reduced (see FIGS. 11(a) and 11(b)). At this time, the supply flow rates of the starting ammonia gas and the starting air are set to the specified values in step 101 of FIG. 5 .

Subsequently, the control unit 30 sequentially executes steps S105 to S110 similarly to the first embodiment described above.

Here, the first control unit 31 executes the above steps S101 to S104, S111, and S112. The second control unit 32 executes the above steps S105 to S110.

In this modification, immediately after starting the reformer 4, the mixing member 14 increases the flow rate of the ammonia gas and air as the starting gas supplied to the inside of the casing 9. Even if the internal heat capacity increases, the startup time of the reformer 4 is shortened.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the above embodiment, a mixed gas of starting ammonia gas and starting air is introduced into the housing 9 from all the starting gas introduction parts 10 in the combustor 6, but the form is not particularly limited. , even if only the starting ammonia gas is introduced into the housing 9 from one of the starting gas introduction parts 10 and only the starting air is introduced into the case 9 from the remaining starting gas introduction parts 10. good.

Further, in the above embodiment, the starting gas introduction section 10 introduces the starting ammonia gas and the starting air in the tangential direction of the housing 9, and the ammonia gas introduction section 11 introduces the main ammonia gas in the tangential direction of the housing 9. Although the air introducing section 12 introduces the main air in the tangential direction of the housing 9, it is not particularly limited to such a form. For example, the starting gas introducing section 10 introduces starting ammonia gas and starting air in the radial direction of the housing 9, and the ammonia gas introducing section 11 introduces the main ammonia gas in the radial direction of the housing 9, The air introduction section 12 may introduce main air in the radial direction of the housing 9.

Further, in the above embodiment, the air introduction section 12 is provided closer to the reformer 5 than the ammonia gas introduction section 11 in the casing 9, but the form is not particularly limited. The ammonia gas introduction section 11 may be provided closer to the reformer 5 than the ammonia gas introduction section 12, or the ammonia gas introduction section 11 and the air introduction section 12 may be provided at the same position in the housing 9.

Further, in this embodiment, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 detected by the temperature sensor 29 becomes equal to or higher than the specified temperature T1 (combustible temperature), the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are controlled to close. However, the form is not particularly limited; for example, when the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 reaches a specified temperature T2 (reforming temperature) or higher, the starting ammonia gas valve 21 and the starting air valve 22 are closed. May be controlled.

Further, in the present embodiment, the main air valve 24 is controlled to open immediately after the main ammonia gas valve 23 is controlled to open, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, depending on the catalyst material of the ATR reforming catalyst 8, the main air valve 24 may be opened after the temperature of the combustion gas falls below the ignition temperature of the ammonia gas (described above).

Further, in the above embodiment, the temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 is detected by the temperature sensor 29, but the temperature sensor 29 may not be used. For example, the temperature sensor 29 may not be used. The temperature of the ATR reforming catalyst 8 may be estimated from, etc.

Further, in the above embodiment, the casing 7 of the reformer 5 and the casing 9 of the combustor 6 have a circular tubular shape, but the casings 7 and 9 may have a square tubular shape, for example. may be presented.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the reformer 4 includes the ATR reforming catalyst 8 that burns ammonia gas and decomposes the ammonia gas into hydrogen, but the reformer 4 is not particularly limited to such a configuration. The reformer 4 may separately include a combustion catalyst that burns ammonia gas and a reforming catalyst that decomposes ammonia gas into hydrogen.

Further, in the above embodiment, ammonia gas is used as the fuel gas, but the present invention is also applicable to a reformer and a reforming system that use hydrocarbon gas or the like as the fuel gas.

Further, in the above embodiment, air is used as the oxidizing gas, but the present invention is also applicable to a reformer and reforming system that uses oxygen as the oxidizing gas.

Furthermore, although the above embodiment is a reforming system 1 that includes a reformer 4, the present invention is applicable to any combustor that generates combustion gas for heating a heating target.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the combustor 50 of this embodiment is a tubular flame burner. The combustor 50 includes the above-mentioned casing 9 connected to the object 51 to be heated. The above-mentioned ignition section 13 is attached to the tip of the housing 9. The mixing member 14 described above is arranged inside the casing 9. Furthermore, the housing 9 is provided with a first gas introduction section 52 and a second gas introduction section 53.

The first gas introduction section 52 is similar to the startup gas introduction section 10 described above. Therefore, the first gas introduction section 52 introduces the first gas containing ammonia gas and air into the housing 9 in the tangential direction of the housing 9 .

The second gas introduction section 53 is similar to the ammonia gas introduction section 11 described above. Therefore, the second gas introduction section 53 introduces the second gas for cooling the combustion gas into the housing 9 in the tangential direction of the housing 9. Here, ammonia gas is used as the second gas. Note that other fuel gas or oxidizing gas may be used as the second gas.

In such a combustor 50, the first gas containing ammonia gas and air is introduced into the housing 9 from the first gas introduction part 52, and the ignition part 13 ignites the ammonia gas. and burns, producing high-temperature combustion gas. Then, when the second gas is introduced into the housing 9 from the second gas introduction part 53, heat is exchanged between the combustion gas and the second gas, and the high-temperature combustion gas is cooled by the second gas. At this time, since the combustion gas and the second gas are mixed by the mixing member 14, heat exchange between the combustion gas and the second gas is promoted. Furthermore, since the mixing member 14 functions as a heat capacity, the peak temperature of the combustion gas is reduced. Therefore, high temperature combustion gas is effectively cooled. Thereby, the heating target 51 is heated to an appropriate temperature by the combustion gas.

Note that, similarly to the reformer 4 and reforming system 1 described above, the combustor 50 can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Reforming system, 4... Reformer, 6... Combustor, 7... Housing, 8... ATR reforming catalyst (catalyst, heating target), 9... Housing, 10... Starting gas introduction part (first 11... Ammonia gas introduction part (fuel gas introduction part, second gas introduction part), 12... Air introduction part (oxidizing gas introduction part, second gas introduction part), 13... Ignition part, 14... Mixing member, 21... Starting ammonia gas valve (first fuel gas valve), 22... Starting air valve (first oxidizing gas valve), 23... Main ammonia gas valve (second fuel gas valve), 24... Main air valve (second oxidizing gas valve), 25... ammonia gas supply section (fuel gas supply section), 26... air supply section (oxidizing gas supply section), 29... temperature sensor (temperature detection section), 30... control unit, 31... first Control part, 32... Second control part, 40... Mixing member, 42... Porous part, 45... Mixing member (first mixing member), 46... Mixing member (second mixing member), 50... Combustor, 51... Heating target, 52...first gas introduction part, 53...second gas introduction part, T1...specified temperature.

Claims (6)

In a reformer that generates a reformed gas containing hydrogen by burning a fuel gas with an oxidizing gas and reforming the fuel gas,
a tubular casing;
a catalyst disposed inside the casing and heated by combustion gas generated by burning the fuel gas;
a starting gas introduction part provided in the casing and introducing a starting gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas into the casing;
an ignition unit attached to the casing and igniting the fuel gas introduced into the casing from the starting gas introduction part;
a fuel gas introduction section that is provided between the startup gas introduction section and the catalyst in the casing, and that introduces the fuel gas into the inside of the casing;
an oxidizing gas introduction section that is provided between the startup gas introduction section and the catalyst in the casing and introduces the oxidizing gas into the inside of the casing;
It is arranged between at least one of the fuel gas introduction part and the oxidizing gas introduction part and the catalyst inside the casing, and allows the combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas to pass through. A reformer comprising a mixing member that mixes combustion gas, the fuel gas, and the oxidizing gas. The reformer according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing gas introduction section is provided between the fuel gas introduction section and the catalyst in the casing. The mixing member includes a first mixing member disposed between the fuel gas introduction part and the oxidizing gas introduction part inside the casing, and a first mixing member disposed between the oxidizing gas introduction part and the oxidizing gas introduction part inside the casing. The reformer according to claim 2 , further comprising a second mixing member disposed between the reformer and the catalyst. The casing has a circular tubular shape,
The reformer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the starting gas introduction section introduces the starting gas into the casing in a tangential direction of the casing. The fuel gas introduction section introduces the fuel gas into the casing in a tangential direction of the casing,
5. The reforming device according to claim 4 , wherein the oxidizing gas introduction section introduces the oxidizing gas into the casing in a tangential direction of the casing. The reforming device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a part of the mixing member is a porous body.

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