JP7379336B2 - Device for measuring filling time of a balancing chamber system, device for detecting abnormalities in a balancing chamber system, balancing chamber module, dialysis system, and corresponding method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for measuring the filling time of a balancing chamber system, a device for detecting anomalies in a balancing chamber system, a balancing chamber module, a dialysis system, and a method for detecting anomalies in a balancing chamber system.

Dialysis treatment is widely used for several kidney diseases such as uremia or renal failure. A common device used for hemodialysis treatment is called a hemodialysis machine.

In hemodialysis treatment, it is essential to ensure that enough fresh dialysate flows into the dialyzer of the hemodialysis machine. Conventional hemodialysis machines that include at least one, preferably two, balancing chambers control the balancing chamber cycle rate to achieve a desired flow rate at a preset chamber volume.

If the load pressure for the balancing chamber decreases, or if there is an abnormality such as a blockage in the inflow and/or outflow channels, the flow rate will also decrease but may not be detected. One known method is to detect current rise pulse amplitude and timing to indicate whether sufficient load pressure and fluid filling into the balancing chamber is being produced.

However, such methods require higher pressures in the hydraulic circuit and may not be usable when load pressure is limited. It also applies higher pressure to the hydraulic tubing system.

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for measuring the filling time of a balancing chamber system, a device for detecting abnormalities in a balancing chamber system, a corresponding balancing chamber module, a corresponding dialysis An object of the present invention is to provide a system and a corresponding method.

To this end, according to a first aspect of the invention, a device for measuring the filling time of a balancing chamber system is provided, the device comprising: a first chamber of a first chamber of a balancing chamber; an inflow monitoring means configured to measure the fill time or a second fill time of a second chamber of the balancing chamber; and a memory module configured to receive the first fill time or the second fill time. Equipped with.

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a device for measuring the filling time of a balancing chamber system, the device comprising: a first filling process of a first chamber of a balancing chamber or a second filling time of a balancing chamber; monitoring means configured to monitor a second filling process of the chamber and generate monitoring data; and a first filling time of the first filling process or a second filling time of the second filling process. A processing module configured to receive monitoring data from the monitoring means and a memory module configured to receive the first filling time or the second filling time for calculating.

According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a device for detecting an anomaly in a balancing chamber system, the device comprising: a first filling time of a first chamber of the balancing chamber or a second filling time of the balancing chamber; inflow monitoring means configured to measure a second filling time of the chamber and comparing the first filling time to a first predetermined value or range to detect an anomaly in the balancing chamber system; or evaluation means configured to compare the second filling time with a second predetermined value or range.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the balancing chamber system comprises at least one balancing chamber divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a flexible separating wall.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, an anomaly is detected if a first deviation of the first filling time from a first predetermined value is outside a first predetermined range. An anomaly is detected if the second deviation of the second filling time from the second predetermined value is outside the second predetermined range.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the inflow monitoring means is arranged in the first filling channel of the balancing chamber system, or the inflow monitoring means is arranged in the second filling channel of the balancing chamber system. Placed.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the inflow monitoring means is arranged in the first outlet flow path of the balancing chamber system, or the inflow monitoring means is arranged in the second outlet flow path of the balancing chamber system. Placed.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the inflow monitoring means is fluidly connected with the first filling port of the first chamber to only allow new fluid to enter the first chamber. The inflow monitoring means comprises a pair of electrodes spanning the electrically isolated first check valve, or the inflow monitoring means is connected to the second chamber so as to only allow spent fluid to flow into the second chamber. a pair of electrodes spanning an electrically isolated second check valve in fluid communication with a second fill port of the second check valve.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises an indication module configured to generate an anomaly signal if an anomaly is detected.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a balancing chamber module is provided, the balancing chamber module comprising a device for measuring the filling time of the balancing chamber system or a device for detecting an abnormality in the balancing chamber system. .

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a dialysis system is provided, the dialysis system comprising a balancing chamber module.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided a method for detecting an anomaly in a balancing chamber system, the method comprising: a first filling time of a first chamber of the balancing chamber or a second filling time of the balancing chamber; measuring a second fill time of the chamber and comparing the first fill time to a first predetermined value or range to detect an anomaly in the balancing chamber system; and comparing to a second predetermined value or range.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, if the first filling time of the first chamber is below a first predetermined range, an anomaly exists in the second exhaust flow path or the first If the first fill time of the chamber exceeds a first predetermined range, an anomaly exists in the first exhaust channel or the first fill channel.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, if the second filling time of the second chamber is below a second predetermined range, an anomaly exists in the first exhaust flow path or the second If the second filling time of the chamber exceeds a second predetermined range, an anomaly exists in the second filling channel or the second draining channel.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises generating an anomaly signal indicative of insufficient evacuation of the chamber if an anomaly is detected.

According to an optional embodiment of the invention, an anomaly signal is generated a predetermined number of times according to predetermined criteria until an anomaly is detected.

According to the present invention, abnormalities in the balancing chamber system can be detected and identified reliably and easily.

The invention and its advantages will be further understood by reading the following detailed description of some preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the following drawings.

By taking a single balancing chamber system as an example, a method and device for detecting abnormalities in a balancing chamber system of a hemodialysis machine will be schematically illustrated. 5 illustrates the relationship between fill time and load pressure of the first chamber, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; FIG. Figure 3 shows the relationship between normalized fill time and normalized flow rate of fluid filling into the first chamber to illustrate problems with the flow path of fresh or used dialysate.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below in more detail with reference to the drawings, in order to better understand the basic concept of the invention.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a method and device for detecting abnormalities in a balancing chamber system, where a single balancing chamber system of a hemodialysis machine is taken as an example. Furthermore, a device for measuring the filling time of a balancing chamber system will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the balancing chamber system 1 comprises a single balancing chamber (BC) 2 divided into a first chamber 4 and a second chamber 5 by a displaceable partition 3. The displaceable septum 3 is preferably constructed as a flexible membrane.

The balancing chamber 2 is equipped with a first inlet valve 37 , a first outlet valve 34 , a second inlet valve 38 and a second outlet valve 33 . A first inlet valve 37 and a second outlet valve 33 are arranged at the first inlet 6 and first outlet 7 of the first chamber 4, respectively. A second inlet valve 38 and a first outlet valve 34 are arranged at the second inlet 12 and second outlet 13 of the second chamber 5, respectively.

A new dialysate supply unit 8 (only schematically shown) can be fluidly connected with the first inlet valve 37 through the first filling channel 9. One end of the first exhaust flow path 17 is in fluid communication with the first outlet valve 34 . In an actual balancing chamber system, the other end of the first discharge channel 17 is connected to a drainage section (not shown). However, the other end of the first discharge channel 17 is here connected to a drain flow resistance simulation unit 18, which ultimately measures the actual amount of fluid displaced from the second chamber 5. It is schematically shown as leading to a scale 19 that can be used for The drain flow resistance simulation unit 18 may be used to simulate possible anomalies in the first drain flow path 17.

One end of the second fill channel 15 is in fluid communication with the second inlet valve 38 and one end of the second discharge channel 10 is in fluid connection with the second outlet valve 33 . In a practical balancing chamber system, the other end of the second exhaust flow path 10 would be in fluid connection with the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer 28, and the other end of the second fill flow path 15 would be connected to a dialysate chamber such as a gear pump. It will be fluidly connected to the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer 28 via a spent dialysate communication unit 14 (only schematically shown), these connections being schematically indicated by dashed lines in FIG. .

During the first process of actual operation, while the first outlet valve 34 is opened and both the second inlet valve 38 and the second outlet valve 33 are closed, fresh dialysate is added to the fresh dialysate. It can be fed into the first chamber 4 from the liquid supply unit 8 via the first filling channel 9, the first inlet valve 37 and the first inlet 6. In the first process, fresh dialysate is filled into the first chamber 4 and used dialysate is displaced from the second chamber 5 by the pressure exerted on the displaceable septum 3 by the fresh dialysate. This means that in the first process, the first inlet 6 and the first outlet 13 are in indirect fluid communication via the displaceable partition 3.

Next, in a second process, while the second outlet valve 33 is opened and both the first inlet valve 37 and the first outlet valve 34 are closed, the used dialysate is The second chamber 5 can be filled from the dialyzer 28 by means of the liquid transfer unit 14 . In the second process, the used dialysate is filled into the second chamber 5 and fresh dialysate is displaced from the first chamber 4 by the pressure exerted by the used dialysate on the displaceable septum 3. . This means that in the second process the second inlet 12 and the second outlet 7 are in indirect fluid communication via the displaceable partition 3.

However, for testing, the other end of the second drainage channel 10 is referred to herein as a dialysate flow resistance simulation unit, which can be used to simulate possible abnormalities in the second drainage channel 10. It is schematically shown as being connected to 11.

A flow pressure regulating means 16, such as a valve, is provided across the used dialysate delivery unit 14 to control the pressure, and thus the flow pressure, in the second chamber 5 to regulate the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3. It will be placed in

For testing only, the dialysate flow resistance simulation unit 11 can be connected with the used dialysate transfer unit 14, as shown in FIG. In this case, the used dialysate is actually new dialysate, which is possible in case of testing. Of course, other types of fluids may also be used for testing.

First inlet valve 37, first outlet valve 34, second inlet valve 38, second outlet valve 33, fresh dialysate supply unit 8, used dialysate under the control of a controller (not shown) The operation of transmission unit 14, etc. is well known in the prior art, and therefore more detailed operation is omitted herein.

If there is a malfunction in some hydraulic parts of the balancing chamber system 1, such as the first outlet channel 17 and/or the second outlet channel 10, sufficient dialysate will flow into the dialyzer 28 of the hemodialysis machine. It is clear that this may not be the case, and this has a negative impact on the treatment outcome.

The filling time of the first chamber 4 may reflect the flow characteristics of the balancing chamber system 1. For example, the filling time depends on the total volume of the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5, the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3, the dialysate flow resistance in the first outlet channel 17, the dialysate flow resistance in the second outlet channel 10, may depend on the drain flow resistance of the first filling channel 9, the filling flow resistance of the first filling channel 9, and other factors. For a particular balancing chamber system, these factors may be constant or determined, for example the total volume of the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 is known and constant. It is.

Therefore, it is possible to detect such anomalies based on the filling time. More specifically, such an anomaly may be detected based on a change in the actual filling time relative to the reference filling time.

As mentioned above, the reference filling time may also vary due to the pressure difference across the displaceable septum 3, and it is therefore necessary to determine the pressure difference.

A differential pressure measuring device is provided to determine the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the differential pressure measuring device comprises a first pressure measuring means 20 for measuring the pressure, i.e. the loading pressure of fresh dialysate filling into the first chamber 4. , a second pressure measuring means 24 for measuring the pressure, ie the flow pressure of the used dialysate in the second chamber 5.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first pressure measurement means 20 can be integrated into the new dialysate supply unit 8, as shown in FIG. More specifically, the new dialysate supply unit 8 may also set a load pressure. As an alternative embodiment, the first pressure measuring means 20 may be arranged in the first filling channel 9.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the second pressure measuring means 24 may be arranged in the second filling channel 15, as shown in FIG. According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the fluid pressure may be set by fluid pressure regulating means 16.

The differential pressure across the displaceable bulkhead 3 varies from the load pressure measured by the first pressure measuring means 20 to the back pressure (measured by the third pressure measuring means 21 arranged in the first discharge channel 17). counter pressure).

The differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3 is also generated by the flow pressure regulating means 16 for the dialysate flow resistance simulation unit 11 and then by the second pressure measuring means 24 arranged in the second filling channel 15 and It can also be determined by the fluid pressure individually measured by the fourth pressure measuring means 25 arranged in the second discharge channel 10.

A filling time measuring device is provided comprising inflow monitoring means configured to measure the filling time of the first chamber 4 and a memory module configured to receive the filling time. The filling time as a parameter can be provided to the corresponding means requiring that parameter.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the filling time measuring device further comprises conductivity measuring means arranged in the first filling channel 9.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the conductivity measurement means are arranged in the first filling channel 9 so as to only allow fresh dialysate to flow into the first chamber 4. It includes a pair of electrodes 22 that straddle a first check valve 23 that is electrically insulated. With respect to the conductivity measuring means, when fresh dialysate is flowing into the first chamber 4, the conductivity between the pair of electrodes 22 is high and the balancing chamber 2 is full and no more fresh dialysate is flowing into the first chamber 4. When there is no flow into the chamber 4, the check valve 23 is closed and the conductivity between the pair of electrodes 22 is reduced. That is, the filling time of the first chamber 4 can be obtained by measuring the conductivity between the pair of electrodes 22.

In general, the filling time of the first chamber 4 can also be obtained by monitoring the filling process of the first chamber 4. In this case, a monitoring means configured to monitor the filling process of the first chamber 4 and generate monitoring data, and configured to receive monitoring data from the monitoring means for calculating the filling time of the filling process. Another filling time measuring device is provided, comprising a processing module configured to receive the filling time and a memory module configured to receive the filling time.

To evaluate the relationship between the actual flow rate of fresh dialysate filled into the balancing chamber 2 and the filling time, which can be calculated from the actual amount of fluid transferred from the second chamber 5 and the corresponding filling time. , several tests were performed under typical loading pressure (and constant flow pressure) without changing the physical flow characteristics of the balancing chamber system. It can be seen that for a given condition of differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3, the filling time is fairly constant in each BC cycle. Generally, when a calibration or POST (power-on self-test) is performed, a normalized fill time is generated and recorded in storage memory as a predetermined value or range.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between fill time and load pressure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the filling time varies with the load pressure, more precisely with the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3. Specifically, the filling time decreases with increasing pressure differential across the displaceable septum 3. However, once the filling time turning point 26 is reached, further increases in the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3 have no appreciable effect on the filling time.

As mentioned above, there is a close correlation between the filling time and the pressure differential across the displaceable septum 3. If there is any anomaly in the associated hydraulic flow path that causes a change, in particular a decrease, in the differential pressure across the displaceable bulkhead 3, the filling time will change.

During the test, an abnormality in the second drainage channel 10 can be simulated by the dialysate flow resistance simulation unit 11, and an abnormality in the first drainage channel 17 can be simulated by the drain flow resistance simulation unit 18. can be done. It can be seen that if the flow resistance of the second discharge channel 10 and/or the flow resistance of the first discharge channel 17 changes at a given differential pressure across the displaceable partition 3, the filling time also changes.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, an anomaly is detected if the deviation of the filling time from a predetermined value at a predetermined differential pressure is outside a predetermined range.

Depending on the deviation of the filling time from a predetermined value or range, there are two scenarios below, illustrated by Figure 3, where the abnormal filling time deviates from the 100% normalized filling time. . Those skilled in the art will understand that 100% normalized fill time is a predetermined value or range obtained at calibration or POST under normal balancing chamber load pressures and normal flow rates.

1) Scenario 1: Abnormality in the new dialysate flow path (exemplified to the left of the normalized fill time in Figure 3).
When the differential pressure across the displaceable septum 3 drops to a certain level, the used dialysate in the second chamber 5 cannot be completely drained within a predetermined BC cycle time. In this case, a portion of the used dialysate remains in the second chamber 5. Therefore, less filling volume remains for subsequent filling of the first chamber 4. As a result, the filling time will be shortened. The amount of reduction in the filling time may be related to the reduction amount of new dialysate being filled into the balancing chamber 2.

2) Scenario 2: Abnormality in the spent dialysate flow path (illustrated to the right of the normalized fill time in Figure 3).
Abnormalities in the spent dialysate flow path directly affect the pressure differential across the displaceable septum 3. As drain flow resistance increases, fill time increases. If the drain flow resistance is too high, the filling of the first chamber 4 will be interrupted.

Figure 3 shows possible anomalies detected based on the filling time of the first chamber when fresh dialysate is filled into the first chamber to displace the used dialysate from the second chamber. Only shown. However, some possible anomalies are detected based on the filling time of the second chamber when used dialysate is filled into the second chamber to displace fresh dialysate from the first chamber. It should also be understood by those skilled in the art that it can be done.

Although the basic concept of the invention has been explained by taking the filling of the first chamber as an example, it should also be understood by those skilled in the art that the basic concept can also be used based on the filling time of the second chamber. be.

Furthermore, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the fill time of the first chamber corresponds to the drain time of the second chamber, and vice versa. Therefore, anomalies can also be detected based on outflow time and this also falls within the scope of the present invention.

From an operational point of view, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conductivity of fresh dialysate is generated more accurately for detection and measurement, so that the filling time of the balancing chamber, where the used fluid flows in, is greater than the filling time of the balancing chamber, where the new fluid flows in. It can be seen that it is preferable to measure the filling time of the balancing chamber.

The measuring means are therefore placed on a new flow path of the balancing chamber system or on a used flow path of the balancing chamber system.

Additionally, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the basic concept can be used not only in a single balancing chamber system, but also in a double balancing chamber system.

In order to detect abnormalities, evaluation means 27 are provided, with which at least the filling time can be compared with a predetermined value or range. As shown in FIG. 1, the evaluation means 27 are only shown very schematically for the sake of simplicity.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the functionality of the evaluation means 27 may also be achieved by the controller of the balancing chamber system.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, an indicator module (not shown) is provided which is capable of generating an anomaly signal if an anomaly is detected, which indicates, for example, insufficient evacuation of the chamber.

To avoid false alarms, an anomaly signal is generated until an anomaly is detected a predetermined number of times according to predetermined criteria.

During the manufacture of a hemodialysis device, the load pressure and flow pressure are adjusted according to defined factory calibration procedures. Therefore, the filling time can typically be used as a parameter to monitor the actual flow rate of fresh dialysate being filled into the balancing chamber in dialysis treatment. That is, an anomaly can then be detected based on the chamber filling time. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that devices for detecting abnormalities in the balancing chamber system can be incorporated into hemodialysis machines.

The invention further provides a balancing chamber module comprising a filling time measuring device or a device for detecting an abnormality in a balancing chamber system, and a dialysis system comprising a balancing chamber module.

According to the present invention, abnormalities can be detected and specified reliably and easily.

Although certain specific embodiments have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover all modifications, substitutions, and changes falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Below, the invention described in the claims originally filed is appended.
[C1]
A device for measuring filling time of a balancing chamber system, the device comprising:
inflow monitoring means configured to measure a first filling time of a first chamber of a balancing chamber or a second filling time of a second chamber of said balancing chamber;
a memory module configured to receive the first fill time or the second fill time;
A device comprising:
[C2]
A device for measuring filling time of a balancing chamber system, the device comprising:
monitoring means configured to monitor a first filling process of a first chamber of a balancing chamber or a second filling process of a second chamber of said balancing chamber and generate monitoring data;
a processing module configured to receive the monitoring data from the monitoring means for calculating a first filling time of the first filling process or a second filling time of the second filling process;
a memory module configured to receive the first fill time or the second fill time;
A device comprising:
[C3]
A device for detecting an abnormality in a balancing chamber system, the device comprising:
inflow monitoring means configured to measure a first filling time of a first chamber of a balancing chamber or a second filling time of a second chamber of said balancing chamber;
Comparing the first fill time to a first predetermined value or range or comparing the second fill time to a second predetermined value or range to detect the anomaly in the balancing chamber system. evaluation instruments designed to compare
A device comprising:
[C4]
The device according to any one of C1-3, wherein the balancing chamber system comprises at least one balancing chamber divided into the first chamber and the second chamber by a flexible separating wall.
[C5]
the abnormality is detected if a first deviation of the first filling time from the first predetermined value is outside a first predetermined range; or
the abnormality is detected if a second deviation of the second filling time from the second predetermined value is outside a second predetermined range;
The device described in C3.
[C6]
the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a first filling channel of the balancing chamber system, or
the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a second filling channel of the balancing chamber system;
The device according to C1 or 3.
[C7]
the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a first outlet flow path of the balancing chamber system, or
the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a second outlet flow path of the balancing chamber system;
The device according to C1 or 3.
[C8]
The inflow monitoring means includes an electrically insulated first inflow port in fluid communication with a first fill port of the first chamber to only allow fresh fluid to flow into the first chamber. with a pair of electrodes spanning the check valve, or
The inflow monitoring means includes a second electrically insulated second fill port in fluid communication with a second fill port of the second chamber to only allow spent fluid to flow into the second chamber. comprising a pair of electrodes that straddle the check valve,
The device described in C6.
[C9]
The device includes:
The device according to any one of C1-8, further comprising an indication module configured to generate an anomaly signal if the anomaly is detected.
[C10]
Balancing chamber module comprising a device according to any one of C1-9.
[C11]
A dialysis system comprising a balancing chamber module according to C10.
[C12]
A method for detecting an anomaly in a balancing chamber system, the method comprising:
measuring a first filling time of a first chamber of a balancing chamber or a second filling time of a second chamber of said balancing chamber;
Comparing the first fill time to a first predetermined value or range, or comparing the second fill time to a second predetermined value or range to detect the anomaly in the balancing chamber system. to compare and
A method comprising steps for performing.
[C13]
if the first deviation of the first filling time from the first predetermined value is outside a first predetermined range, or if the first deviation of the second filling time from the second predetermined value the abnormality is detected when the deviation of the second deviation is outside a second predetermined range;
The method described in C12.
[C14]
if the first filling time of the first chamber is below the first predetermined range, the abnormality exists in the second exhaust flow path;
If the first filling time of the first chamber exceeds the first predetermined range, the abnormality exists in the first discharge channel or the first filling channel;
The method according to C12 or 13.
[C15]
if the second filling time of the second chamber is below the second predetermined range, the anomaly exists in the first exhaust flow path;
If the second filling time of the second chamber exceeds the second predetermined range, the abnormality exists in the second filling channel or the second draining channel;
The method according to C12 or 13.
[C16]
The method includes:
14. The method of C12 or 13, further comprising generating an anomaly signal indicative of insufficient evacuation of the chamber if the anomaly is detected.
[C17]
The abnormality signal is generated until the abnormality is detected a predetermined number of times according to a predetermined criterion.
The method according to C12 or 13.
[C18]
The balancing chamber system comprises at least one balancing chamber divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a flexible separating wall.
The method according to C12 or 13.

Claims (6)

A device for detecting an abnormality in a balancing chamber system, the device comprising:
inflow monitoring means configured to measure a first filling time of a first chamber of one balancing chamber or a second filling time of a second chamber of said one and the same balancing chamber;
In order to detect the abnormality in the balancing chamber system, the first filling time is compared with a first predetermined value or range recorded in a storage memory or the second filling time is stored . evaluation means configured to compare with a second predetermined value or range recorded in memory;
the balancing chamber is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber by a flexible separation wall;
The inflow monitoring means includes an electrically insulated first inflow port in fluid communication with a first fill port of the first chamber to only allow fresh fluid to flow into the first chamber. a pair of electrodes spanning a check valve; or the inflow monitoring means is connected to a second fill port of the second chamber so as to only allow spent fluid to flow into the second chamber; a pair of electrodes spanning an electrically isolated second check valve in fluid communication with the second check valve;
device. the anomaly is detected if a first deviation of the first filling time from the first predetermined value is outside a first predetermined range; or from the second predetermined value. the abnormality is detected if a second deviation of the second filling time of is outside a second predetermined range;
A device according to claim 1. the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a first filling channel of the balancing chamber system; or the inflow monitoring means is arranged in a second filling channel of the balancing chamber system.
A device according to claim 1. The device includes:
The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an indication module configured to generate an anomaly signal if the anomaly is detected. Balancing chamber module comprising a device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . A dialysis system comprising a balancing chamber module according to claim 5 .

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