JP7361681B2 - Work environment overall management system and work environment overall management method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a working environment overall management system and a working environment overall management method.

Conventionally, there are two main methods of occupational safety and health management regarding personal exposure information or work environment information of health hazards or risk factors, as stipulated by laws and regulations.
1. Individual exposure measurement method 2. Working environment measurement method The personal exposure measurement method is widely adopted in Europe and America, and in Japan it is recommended in the ``Guidelines for managing the working environment in outdoor workplaces, etc.''. Further, the working environment measurement method is a method prescribed in the Working Environment Measurement Act, and working environment measurements are sometimes performed in Europe and the United States.
However, it has been reported in measurement results reports and health hazard case studies that none of these methods allows accurate and complete understanding of personal exposure information or work environment information for all workers.

There are two main methods for measuring and evaluating individual exposure that are prescribed in the United States:
1. NIOSH (National Industrial Occupational Safety and Health) method (see Non-Patent Document 1)
2. AIHA (American Industrial Hygiene Association) method (see Non-Patent Document 2)
These methods are measurements to ascertain the exposure amount of a worker during a normal working day or one shift time, and measurements are carried out by equipping the worker with a sampler for personal exposure measurement.
The sample location is to collect and collect at a location close to the breathing zone. However, if there are many workers, it is not practical to have each worker wear a sampler for personal exposure measurements, so the Occupational Hygienist or Industrial Hygienist may decide to , workers are divided into groups with an equally high probability of being exposed (Same Exposure Group), and measurements are taken by randomly selecting several people who are statistically representative of the group. The NIOSH method is aimed at legal compliance. On the other hand, the main purpose of the AIHA method is risk assessment or risk management. The AIHA method uses a worker wearing a sampler for measuring personal exposure to move around the work area, and statistically processes the personal exposure and evaluates personal exposure information and work environment information, assuming pseudo-random sampling. do.
However, individual exposure measurements cannot be said to statistically adequately measure the distribution of health hazards or risk factors in the work environment, as the movement of workers is not completely random. . Therefore, when evaluated statistically and compared with the occupational exposure limit value, all possibilities of the distribution are lognormal distribution, and 5% of people have a possibility of exceeding the occupational exposure limit value. There have been reports of research and cases of health problems.

On the other hand, in working environment measurement, the area where workers work or the area where health hazards or risk factors may be affected is defined as a unit workplace, and the measuring section is placed at a statistically appropriate point. There are measurement A and measurement B, which are designed and sampled using methods based on laws and regulations (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3).
Measurement A is a measurement to understand the average state of airborne health hazards, and as a result of statistical processing, it is indirectly possible to control the working environment so that the concentration does not exceed the control concentration. control the amount of exposure. In addition, B measurement supplements A measurement and manages the work environment even when workers move with the source of health-hazardous factors.
However, since working environment measurements are not weighted against working hours, it may not be possible to adequately sample the exposure amount per unit working hour. Also, statistically, all possibilities of the distribution are lognormal distribution, and there is a possibility that 5% of people will exceed the control concentration. Additionally, the sampling location is not always in the breathing area, and it may not be possible to adequately measure individual exposure. Although B measurement is similar to personal exposure measurement, there are differences, and there have been reports of research and cases of health problems in which it cannot always be said that sampling is performed in the respiratory region.

In other words, since the purpose of the personal exposure measurement method is to protect workers, there is a possibility that countermeasures will be completed by wearing protective equipment and will not lead to improvements in the working environment. In addition, work environment measurements are completed with work environment management because the purpose of work environment management is to indirectly protect workers, and there is a possibility that high concentrations locally or over time may not lead to personal exposure countermeasures. be. Therefore, both measurement methods have room for improvement.

Here, standard values for exposure are determined depending on the health hazards that may occur. Reliable institutions and laws have established these as exposure limits or indicators. Such reliable information is provided by ACGIH (TLV-TWA, TLV-STEL, TLV-Ceiling) (see Non-Patent Document 5), MAK, Japan Society for Industrial Hygiene (acceptable concentration), WHO and related organizations in each country. There is. There are two types of exposure limit values or indicators: long-term ones and short-term ones, and the exposure amount is measured in terms of the amount of time that these exposures are repeated every day. Alternatively, the individual exposure amount is calculated or predicted and evaluated based on the measurement results as a time-weighted unit time. For example, in Japan, the long-term exposure evaluation time is defined as 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week, and 10 minutes or more at one measurement point. Furthermore, ACGIH's time-weighted average value (TLV-TWA) is basically measured over the entire working day (8 hours). Furthermore, short-term exposure measurement time is defined as 15 minutes for ACGIH (TLV-STEL, TLV-Ceiling).

In addition, to identify health-hazardous factors or risk factors and predict individual exposure, there are the following methods that measure the concentration of metabolites and blood health-hazardous factors.
1. BEI: Biological Exposure Index 2. Biological tolerance values ACGIH's BEI (biological exposure indicators), the Japan Society for Industrial Health's biological tolerance values, and special medical examinations based on laws and regulations are This is a method of measuring concentration, etc. Since these are collected using medical methods, they are generally collected and analyzed at external medical institutions. Furthermore, although these methods can investigate both respiratory tract exposure and dermal exposure, BEI etc. are indicators that indirectly reflect the internal intake of workers exposed to health hazards. However, it is not the amount of individual exposure to airborne health hazards.

In addition, in the past, the main method of managing health-hazardous factors was through respiratory exposure, but as knowledge has increased and the concentration of airborne health-hazardous factors has been suppressed, the concentration of airborne health-hazardous factors has increased. The problem is that the amount of dermal exposure is relatively large compared to the amount of exposure through the respiratory tract. For example, there is a report that the ratio of benzene is 60% (see Non-Patent Document 7). In addition, it was believed that the concentration of airborne health hazards or risk factors is higher when the boiling point or flash point is low, and the risk is higher; however, liquids that adhere to the skin have a high boiling point or flash point and evaporate. It has become clear that things that are difficult to do can be more risky. For example, epoxy resin paint is an example. Furthermore, it has been shown that the concentration may be higher in the interior covered with clothing (see Non-Patent Document 7). Regarding dermal exposure, mist and the like adhere to the skin over a wide area, but droplets adhere to localized areas, which may reduce the chances of the detection unit capturing them. Therefore, in the future, it will be necessary to appropriately measure and manage exposure not only to the lungs, but also to other routes of exposure.

Occupational exposure history may not be referenced due to workers moving companies or changing jobs, so it is also desirable to share information with outside parties for investigation, collection, and record preservation. Ru.

In addition, epidemiological studies are essential to identify the health-hazardous factors and their amounts that cause health problems due to occupational exposure. Epidemiological research requires investigation periods ranging from several years to several decades; for example, it is said that it takes about 40 years for health problems caused by asbestos to develop. In addition, there are cases in which the occupational exposure history, work environment history, and related information necessary for epidemiological studies are not recorded and stored, or even if the type of information collected is considered sufficient at present, it may not be sufficient in the future. In many cases, it is not helpful. Therefore, it will be necessary to collect information in preparation for the future.

As a conventional technique, an automatic reporting system for detecting the working environment has been proposed for detecting oxygen deficiency that can lead to death in one or two breaths, acute poisoning such as hydrogen sulfide gas poisoning, radiation exposure, etc. (see Patent Document 1). This system sends an alarm from a mobile device to a computer and reports it to the relevant person by phone, etc., if the user does not confirm the alarm issued by the work environment measuring device, and collects appropriate information in real time or in a timely manner. It's not something you do. In addition, acute exposure that does not reach that level is not taken into account. For irreversible chronic health effects that involve repeated short-term acute exposure and recovery, the time-weighted average value is the product of the short time and the exposure amount, and may be an accumulation of effects due to repeated subsequent recovery. There is sex. According to ACGIH, exposure to TLV-TWA value or higher and TLV-STEL value must be less than 15 minutes and no more than 4 times per day, and within this range, at least 60 minutes are required between continuous exposure times. . For example, it is considered that repeated inhalation of weak oxygen-deficient air or hydrogen sulfide gas for a short period of time can cause chronic oxygen deficiency, hydrogen sulfide gas poisoning, or eye, tooth, or skin damage. do not have.

Furthermore, a technique has been proposed in which the dust concentration is measured by moving an automobile through a working environment in a tunnel (see Patent Document 2). It has also been proposed that the exhaust fan be mounted on a construction machine that can move inside a tunnel, measure dust concentration, gas concentration, temperature, humidity, light transmittance, and wind speed, and control the exhaust fan using a computer (Patent Document 3). reference). However, these techniques do not measure individual exposure or the working environment by measuring the distribution of the entire workplace or breathing area, but rather they do not measure individual exposure by analyzing measurement results or evaluate long-term occupational exposure. Sexual health management is not considered.

Furthermore, means for sharing information with the outside has also been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 4). However, this technology is a work environment management system based on a legally compliant work environment measurement method, and cannot be applied to risk management of health hazards or risk factors that are not subject to regulation. Furthermore, it does not take into consideration how to quickly and accurately respond to new findings or factors that arise or occur on a daily basis.

Furthermore, as a conventional technique, a method has been proposed in which a worker carries a measuring device, records the measured value and time on a recording medium such as a CD, and collects the measured value and time after completing the work (see Patent Document 5). In this method, by collecting and examining recording media such as CDs for predetermined work, it becomes easier to understand the amount of radiation exposure that has already occurred in the past and the work process.

However, the cause is investigated by examining exposure amounts and work processes using collected CDs, etc., and referring to images of fixed positions with high concentrations. , S. A. It does not manage occupational health history or work environment history by analyzing and evaluating based on the Roach concept (see Non-Patent Document 4) or metabolic or regenerative models. Furthermore, it is not possible to quickly respond to new health hazards or risk factors or findings. In addition, digital cameras are installed in fixed positions and images are recorded via CD or communication line, making it possible to identify the workbench, but this is not applicable to people who move freely around the workplace, and the information is provided in real time or in a timely manner. However, it cannot be used to quickly investigate the cause.

Furthermore, a method has been proposed in which radiation measurement results are downloaded from a charging/transmission console placed at a fixed location (see Patent Document 6). It is also stated that the data can be sent via telemetry, but this is limited to text data. Furthermore, similar measurement using radiation has also been proposed (see Patent Document 7). These two documents mention chemical substances or biological substances in addition to radiation as things that can be measured, but they are not measurements based on personal exposure measurements in the field of occupational safety and health or work environment measurements. . Furthermore, it is not possible to comprehensively manage the work environment such as individual exposure assessment, personal exposure history management, or work environment history management that involves repeated metabolism or regeneration. Furthermore, it will not be useful for future epidemiological research.

Furthermore, there are theoretical documents regarding the biological half-life and the amount accumulated in the body of health-hazardous factors (see Non-Patent Document 4). However, toxicology does not take into account the metabolic processes that break down and excrete health-hazardous factors. For example, when chlorinated solvents decompose in the air, they become phosgene, a corrosive and highly toxic gas. A similar chemical reaction occurs in the body. When chloroform enters the body, active intermediates are generated by P450 enzymes in the liver, which are oxidized and hydrolyzed to become water-soluble and excreted from the body. During this process, chloroform is broken down to the active intermediate phosgene. Due to the high reactivity of phosgene in the body, it binds to biomolecules within cells and causes severe liver damage.

Reductive dehalogenation also occurs when liver cells are placed in an anaerobic environment (when the blood concentration is too high to oxidize). Oxidative dehalogenation also occurs when placed in an oxidizing environment (when the blood concentration is low enough for oxidation). For example, when the blood concentration of halothane is low, an oxidation reaction occurs and antibodies are produced, which accumulate and cause fulminant hepatitis accompanied by allergic reactions. It has also been shown that when the blood concentration is high, a reduction reaction occurs and covalent bonds with biopolymers cause hepatocyte damage (see Non-Patent Document 6).

When exposed chronologically during unit work hours or one shift time, exposure to the next factor begins after being exposed to the previous factor, so there is a possibility that more will be absorbed into the body. . For example, Sato, 1995 et al. have reported that when a person works with an organic solvent after ethanol is metabolized after drinking alcohol, more of the organic solvent is absorbed into the body (see Non-Patent Document 8).

In this way, health-hazardous factors are metabolized and the amount accumulated in the body decreases according to their biological half-life. However, when only metabolism is evaluated, although it is reduced, it is not actually reduced; the effect is transferred and accumulated in the target organs. There is still no equivalent model that takes into account the effects that occur within the body.

In addition, the amount of inhalation changes depending on the intensity of work, but in general, standard working conditions are 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week, and work intensity is moderate, and the amount of breathing per unit working hour or one shift is 10 m ³ /8h. In addition, the exposure limit value is set at a body weight of 50 kg (65 kg in the United States). However, since these vary depending on the individual or working conditions, it may be better to consider personal information when assessing individual exposure.

Furthermore, as can be seen from these, there are almost no systematized work environment measurements or personal exposure measurements.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-197572 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-242500 JP2017-59240A JP2017-59240A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-281645 US Patent No. 6,031,454 US Patent No. 9417331

NIOSH: OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SAMPLING STRATEGY MANUAL, 1977. AIHA: A Strategy for Assessing and Managing Occupational Exposures 4th Edition, 2015. Japan Working Environment Measurement Association: Working Environment Measurement Guidebook General Edition, 2005. S. A. Roach: A More Rational Basis for Air Sampling Programs, 1966. ACGIH: TLVs and BEIs, 2017. Ryuichi Kato et al.: Drug Metabolism 2nd edition, 2006. AIHA: The Occupational Environment: Its Evaluation, Control, and Management 3th edition, Chapter 20, 21, 2011, Sato: Encyclopedia Environmental Control Technology, vol7, Chapter4. 1995. EPA: DERMAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS, 1992.

The working environment is evaluated by measuring based on personal exposure measurements or working environment measurements, and comparing the values with occupational exposure limits such as standard exposure limits, control concentrations, or permissible concentrations. Managed. However, with conventional technology, personal exposure measurements are basically time-weighted averaged over an 8-hour period, and work environment measurements are performed on-site, so all statistically significant points are measured over an hour or more. Measurement takes a long time and costs a lot of money. This results in the inconvenience of not being able to perform quick and accurate measurements, not being able to quickly respond to new health hazards or risk factors, or new findings, and not being able to quickly and accurately manage personal exposure and work environment. there were.

Additionally, these measurements need to comply with laws and regulations or with risk assessment and risk management. The measurement method must follow a method stipulated by law, for example, basically the working environment measurement method or the OSHA Sampling Method for personal exposure measurement. In addition, higher-level personal exposure measurement methods and work environment measurement methods that correspond to risk assessment and risk management conducted based on Article 28-2 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act (surveys, etc. to be conducted by employers) are being implemented. It is also desirable to be able to do so. Note that individual exposure (measurement) may be exposure (measurement) of a single individual or exposure (measurement) of a group consisting of multiple individuals, and in this specification, they are collectively referred to as exposure (measurement). It is also called "human body exposure (measurement)."

Therefore, the present invention provides a working environment integrated management system and a working environment integrated management method that can perform human body exposure measurements and/or working environment measurements in real time or in a timely manner and quickly evaluate occupational exposure. The purpose is to

The gist of the present invention is as follows.
The work environment integrated management system of the present invention includes:
a measurement unit having a first detection unit that detects one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner;
a communication unit capable of transmitting information on the health hazard factor and/or risk factor detected by the first detection unit in real time or in a timely manner;
A calculation unit that calculates and evaluates human body exposure and/or work environment based on information on the health hazard factor and/or risk factor transmitted from the communication unit. do.

In the work environment integrated management system of the present invention,
The measurement unit includes:
further configured to detect relevant information related to the human exposure and/or the working environment by real-time or timely measurements;
a second detection unit that detects the worker's position and/or temporal information as the related information; an imaging unit that captures an image of the worker's surroundings and/or the workplace as the related information; Preferably, the device further includes at least one sensor that detects any one or more of sound, vibration, heat, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation in the surroundings and/or the workplace.

In the working environment integrated management system of the present invention, the communication unit is configured to be able to transmit information obtained by analyzing health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit in real time or at a suitable time,
Information sent from the communication unit that analyzes the health hazard and/or risk factor collected by the measurement unit, or information on the health hazard and/or risk factor detected by the measurement unit. It is preferable to further include a calibration section that generates information necessary for calibrating the measurement section based on the information.

In the work environment integrated management system of the present invention,
It is preferable that the calculation unit performs the evaluation using a metabolic model or a regeneration model.

The work environment integrated management system of the present invention includes:
Preferably, the device further includes a storage unit capable of registering information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors.

The work environment integrated management system of the present invention includes:
Preferably, the apparatus further includes an external communication section capable of communicating with the outside of the work environment.

The work environment overall management method of the present invention includes:
Detecting one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner;
transmitting information on the detected health hazard factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner;
The method is characterized by including the step of calculatingly evaluating human body exposure and/or work environment based on the transmitted information on the health hazard factors and/or risk factors.

According to the present invention, there is provided a working environment integrated management system and a working environment integrated management method that can perform human body exposure measurement or working environment measurement in real time or in a timely manner and quickly evaluate occupational exposure. I can do it.

1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a work environment integrated management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of the constituent elements of a measuring section. It is a figure showing an example of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. It is a figure showing other examples of a measurement part. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a work environment integrated management system including a measurement section and a system calculation section. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a work environment integrated management system including a measurement section and a system calculation section. An example is shown in which a measuring section is attached to a respiratory protective device. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the process of being absorbed into the body and metabolized or regenerated. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the process of being absorbed into the body and metabolized or regenerated. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the process of being absorbed into the body and metabolized or regenerated. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an equivalent circuit for trans-respiratory exposure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an equivalent circuit for percutaneous absorption exposure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a model using transistors for an exposure limit setting/enzyme activity value setting section. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a working environment integrated management system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated in detail with reference to the drawings.

<Working environment overall management system>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a work environment integrated management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the working environment integrated management system of this embodiment includes a measurement section 1, a communication section 2, a control section 3, an analysis calibration section 4, a system calculation section 5, and an external communication section 6. , is equipped with. In the illustrated example, the measurement unit 1, the communication unit 2 and the control unit 3 are attached to the worker or placed at a fixed point in the workplace, while the analysis and calibration unit 4, the system calculation unit 5 and The external communication section 6 is located outside the workplace. Note that, for example, in the case of a large workplace such as a factory, the analysis and calibration section 4, system calculation section 5, and external communication section 6 can be placed inside the workplace.

The measurement unit 1 is configured to detect one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner. In this embodiment, the measurement unit 1 includes a first detection unit 11 (see FIG. 2) that detects one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors, and a first detection unit 11 (see FIG. 2) that detects one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors; The communication unit 13 is also equipped with a communication unit 13 capable of transmitting information on risk factors in real time or at an appropriate time.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the measurement unit 1 measures workers (in the illustrated example, each of five workers) and a predetermined position in the workplace (in the illustrated example, this plane is an example of a position that can be statistically significant). They are installed at both five locations (visually, four locations corresponding to the vertices of the rectangle and one location corresponding to the intersection of two diagonals of the rectangle). According to the measurement unit 1 attached to the worker, the first detection unit 11 detects one or more health-hazardous factors and According to the measurement unit 1 installed at a predetermined position in the workplace, the first detection unit 11 detects health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors, in particular for work environment information. /or a risk factor can be detected. On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to this case, and the measurement unit 1 is installed only at a predetermined position of the worker or the workplace, and only one of the human body exposure information and the work environment information is collected. Therefore, it is also possible to detect health hazards and/or risk factors. The first detection unit 11 can be a detector, and can be, for example, a semiconductor detector, a catalytic combustion detector, an electrical resistance detector, a photoionization detector, or the like. In particular, it is preferable that the measurement results by the first detection unit 11 and the second detection unit 12 are transmitted and received as measured values. Therefore, the first detection unit 11 and the second detection unit 12, respectively, It is preferable to include a detection meter or the like that digitizes the detected health hazard factors and/or risk factors and related information. Alternatively, they can be read visually and transmitted and received manually, or data obtained by capturing the measurement results as an image can be transmitted and received.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of the constituent elements of the measuring section 1. As shown in FIG. In this example, the measurement section 1 includes the first detection section 11, the second detection section 12, the communication section 13, the imaging section 14, the sensor 15, the control section 16, the storage section 17, the display section and/or the operation section. 18, and a voice guidance section 19.

In this embodiment, the measurement unit 1 is configured to further collect related information related to human body exposure information and/or work environment information through real-time or timely measurement. The second detection unit 12 may be a detector configured to detect the worker's position and/or temporal information as the related information. The position information can be obtained, for example, by position detection using GPS or a difference between GPS fixed points, optical position detection, acoustic position detection, or the like. Further, the elapsed time information can be detected by the second detection unit 12 having a clock function or the like. The second detection unit 12 may, for example, identify a measurement point in the worker's work history, identify the time at which the measurement was performed, and identify the position and time at which the work that resulted in the high concentration was performed. I can do it. Further, the second detection unit 12 can also be a detector that detects information such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and airflow as the above-mentioned related information. Human body exposure factors and work environment factors are affected by temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, airflow, etc. in their release and scattering, and the condition of workers is also affected by sweat and body temperature. Furthermore, the characteristics of the measuring section change depending on temperature, humidity, etc. In order to take these into account and make corrections, it is preferable to measure weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and airflow, or biological information.

The communication unit 13 transmits various information (for example, information on one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors detected by the first detection unit 11, and information on the second detection unit 12 and the below-mentioned information). The communication unit 2 is configured to transmit and/or receive the above-mentioned related information detected by the functional unit with the communication unit 2. The communication unit 13 has a transmitter and/or a receiver. Thereby, it can serve as a relay to the communication section 2. On the other hand, the communication unit 13 also transmits and/or receives various information with other functional units (communication unit 2, control unit 3, analysis and calibration unit 4, system calculation unit 5, and external communication unit 6). It may be configured to do so.
The communication unit 13 preferably uses wireless communication in the case of human body exposure measurement, whereas it is preferable to use wired communication in the case of measurement of a workplace (work environment). Wireless communication allows workers to move freely, but for this purpose, power supply is limited, so it is preferable to save power and downsize. Wired communication has the function of supplying power and relaying wireless communication, which also leads to power savings in wireless communication. Further, it is more preferable to use both wireless communication and wired communication because it also helps to specify a moving point based on a fixed point. The communication unit 13 can perform any known wireless communication (for example, Bluetooth (registered trademark) or Wi-Fi (registered trademark) in the case of short-range wireless communication) or any known wired communication. Can be used. It is preferable that the system calculation unit 5 and the control unit 16 described below have an IP address.

The imaging unit 14 is configured to capture images of the surroundings of the worker and/or the workplace as the related information. The image may be a still image or a moving image. By linking the imaging by the imaging unit 14 with the detection of health hazard factors and/or risk factors by the first detection unit 11 in real time or in a timely manner, images of various lights (for example, visible light) captured by the imaging unit 14 can be , infrared rays, etc.), the location, situation, and amount of occurrence (of exposure, etc.) can be predicted by image processing or visual observation. Thereby, in conjunction with the measured values of human body exposure information and/or work environment information, it is possible to more accurately evaluate the state of human body exposure and/or work environment, and take appropriate measures. The imaging unit 14 can be any known camera or the like (for example, a CCD or CMOS image sensor).

The sensor 15 is capable of sensing and acquiring information such as sound, vibration, heat, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation around the worker and/or the workplace as the above-mentioned related information. For example, sound (such as on-site sounds and workers' voices) can be captured by a microphone etc., vibration can be captured by a vibration sensor, heat can be captured by a thermal sensor, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation etc. can be acquired by a light beam or a radiation sensor. In this case as well, by linking the detection of health hazard factors and/or risk factors by the first detection unit 11 in real time or in a timely manner, the data can be combined with the measured values of human exposure information and/or work environment information. , human exposure and/or work environment conditions can be more accurately assessed and appropriate countermeasures can be taken.

The control section 16 includes a first detection section 11 , a second detection section 12 , a communication section 13 , an imaging section 14 , a sensor 15 , a storage section 17 , a display section and/or an operation section 18 , and a voice guidance section 19 . It is controlled so that the functions of The control unit 16 can be, for example, any known processor.

The storage unit 17 is configured to store various information, and in particular, is configured to store information regarding one or more health hazards and/or risk factors. The storage unit 17 can be any known memory.

The above-mentioned harmful health factors and/or risk factors can include any known harmful health factors and/or risk factors. Physical or chemical information on health hazards and/or risk factors can be provided on the web or in documents, for example, by the WHO, national governments, or other reliable organizations. Key information includes toxicological information, exposure limits, and boiling and flash points. From this published information, exposure limits, flash points, etc. required for risk assessment, risk management, or legal compliance can be registered in advance in the storage unit 17, for example.

On the other hand, in the present invention, not only known factors but also knowledge regarding new harmful health factors and/or risk factors (the factors and their measurement methods, etc.) can be obtained. If new adverse health factors and/or risk factors have been identified, these new harmful health factors and/or risk factors may also be included. Specifically, the information can be collected via the communication unit 2 (13), and the information can be registered, updated, and deleted in the storage unit 17. In collecting the information, the information may be transmitted from the outside via the external communication unit 6, or the system calculation unit 5 may be equipped with a processor or the like having an AI function, and the AI function may be used to collect the information as described below. The information may be automatically collected from the Web or documents via the communication unit 5a and the external communication unit 6, and transmitted to the storage unit 17 via the communication unit 2 (13) and the communication unit 5a. The AI function, for example, has a communication unit (transmitter and/or receiver), accesses the web page to which the above information is provided regularly or in a timely manner, and compares it with the information registered in the storage unit 17. (In this case, the storage unit 17 is also accessed), and the program may be programmed to recognize changed, added, deleted, etc. information and update the information to the latest information.

The display unit and/or the operation unit 18 can be, for example, a display unit configured to display human body exposure information and/or work environment information to workers and the like. The display can be, for example, any known display. In this embodiment, the display section is configured to be able to display the above-mentioned related information as well. These displays can be edited to make them easier for workers to understand. Further, the display section and/or the operation section 18 can be, for example, an operation section for operating the measurement section 1. For example, the operation section cancels an alarm such as an issued alarm, or the operation section transmits to the outside via the communication section 13 and the external communication section 6 that the worker is safe or in danger. can be operated. The operating unit can be any known processor. In this embodiment, the display section and/or the operation section 18 includes both a display section and an operation section, but may include only one of them.

The audio guide unit 19 is configured to, for example, transmit human body exposure information and/or work environment information to workers and the like by voice. The audio guidance section 19 can be, for example, any known speaker. In this embodiment, the voice guidance section 19 is configured to be able to transmit the above-mentioned related information by voice as well. Note that in addition to or in place of the display and audio guidance, a vibration generator may be provided that transmits information provided by the display and audio guidance by generating vibrations.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the measuring section 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows an example of a wristwatch-shaped measuring section 1 having a band section 91. As shown in FIG. The measurement unit 1 shown in FIG. 3 can be used, for example, to measure percutaneous exposure. When measuring dermal exposure, dermal exposure is the route through which health-hazardous factors attached to the skin penetrate the skin and enter the capillaries, and must be measured at the skin surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the measuring section 1 be shaped to be attached to the skin surface, for example. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the measuring section 1 can be attached to the worker's wrist using a band section 91 and attached to the skin surface. In addition, health hazards and/or risk factors (for example, paint) that adhere to the skin surface may directly adhere to the air port on the surface of the first detection unit 11 of the measurement unit 1. Therefore, appropriate filters should be provided to keep the surfaces clean, and after they are removed at the end of a working hour or shift, they should be cleaned or replaced before being put on again to restore the air vents to their initial state. It is preferable to keep it. In addition, it is preferable to make it compact for portability, and since power sources must rely on batteries, rechargeable batteries, or external power supply, it is preferable to save power, so among the elements shown in Figure 2, , the first detection section 11, the communication section 13, and the control section 16.

4A to 4F are diagrams showing other examples of the measurement unit 1. The measuring section 1 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is miniaturized. In FIGS. 4A and 4B, a pendant type (see FIG. 4A) and a pin-mounted type (see FIG. 4B) are illustrated as measurement units 1 that can be used both when attached to the skin and when attached to the breathing area. There is. This example also has the same function as the example in FIG. 3, and is an example that can be used more generally. Preferably, as in the example shown in FIG. 4C, the measurement unit 1 is further miniaturized using semiconductor technology or the like, and has an attachment surface 92 so that it can be attached to the skin surface or attached to clothing. do. In addition, as shown in the examples shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E, it is made smaller and configured so that it can be incorporated into the worker's clothing or belongings (FIG. 4E is an example of a more three-dimensional shape). ) is also preferable. Further, as in the example shown in FIG. 4F, the control unit 16 may include a communication unit 16a to perform relaying.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing an example of a working environment integrated management system that includes a measurement section 1 and a system calculation section 5. In particular, FIG. 5B shows that the control section 16 of the measurement section 1 controls the communication section 16a. The figure shows a case where the relay function is provided by having a relay function. In the example shown in FIG. 5A, the measurement unit 1 has a communication unit 13 (transmitter and/or receiver), and the system calculation unit 5 has a communication unit 5a (transmitter and/or receiver). There is. In the example shown in FIG. 5B, the measurement unit 1 has a communication unit 13 and a control unit 16 having a communication unit 16a, and the system calculation unit 5 has a communication unit 5a. In the example shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, when searching for measurement units 1 distributed on the network, necessary information such as connection conditions and users is set for both system calculation unit 5 and measurement unit 1. Data control is performed. For example, settings can be made to require a user ID, password, etc. when connecting to the measurement section 1 and system calculation section 5 from the outside.

FIG. 5C shows an example in which the measurement unit 1 is attached to a respiratory protector. The example shown in FIG. 5C is miniaturized using semiconductor technology or the like, has low power consumption, and can perform sampling in the breathing region. In the example shown in FIG. 5C, the measurement unit 1 and the communication unit 2 are attached to the respiratory protector, but they can also be attached to the outside of the filter (see FIG. 5C), or they can be attached to the inside of the filter. Alternatively, it can be attached to protective clothing, etc.

Returning to FIG. 1, the communication unit 2 transmits various information (for example, information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors detected by the first detection unit 11 of the measurement unit 1, It has a transmitter and/or receiver that can transmit and/or receive the related information (detected by the detection unit 12 of No. 2 and other functional units) in real time or at an appropriate time. In this embodiment, the communication section 2 is capable of communicating (transmission and/or reception) with the measurement section 1, the control section 3, the analysis and calibration section 4, the system calculation section 5, and the external communication section 6. As such a communication unit 2, any known wireless communication or wired communication can be used.

The control section 3 controls the measurement section 1 and the communication section 2 to perform predetermined functions. The control unit 3 can be any known processor. The control unit 3 allows the measuring unit 1 and the communication unit 2 to perform predetermined functions, even if, for example, a communication failure occurs inside or outside the workplace.

Here, the measurement unit 1 may be further configured to collect health hazard factors and/or risk factors, for example for analysis. The measurement unit 1 includes, for example, an adsorption unit (e.g., an adsorbent, an adsorbent, an adsorption sheet, etc.) that adsorbs health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors using activated carbon or silica gel, and an adsorption unit that adsorbs health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors. It may include a sampling device (eg, a suction device) for direct sampling of the air containing the sexual agent. The analysis calibration section 4 includes a communication section (transmitter and/or receiver) 4a, a calculation section, and an analysis section. The analysis and calibration section 4 is configured so that the analysis section analyzes the health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement section 1. The analysis section may perform analysis using an analysis device such as a gas chromatography analyzer, a liquid chromatography analyzer, a mass spectrometer, or the like. The health hazard and/or risk factors collected by the measurement section 1 are transported to the analysis and calibration section 4 in a physicochemically stable state, where they are measured and analyzed.

By the way, the first detection section 11 and the second detection section 12 of the measurement section 1 may require calibration because the sensitivity characteristics of the detection sections 11 and 12 may differ depending on the factors to be measured. . Furthermore, even if the factor to be measured is the same, the sensitivity changes when used for a long period of time. Additionally, measurement circuits may change over time and require calibration. Furthermore, maintenance such as updating its functions is required. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the measuring section 1 optimal, and in this embodiment, this is done by the analysis calibration section 4 and the system calculation section 5.

The communication unit 2 is also configured to be able to transmit information obtained by analyzing the health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit 1 by the analysis unit in real time or in a timely manner. The analysis and calibration section 4 has a communication section (transmitter and/or receiver) 4a, and transmits the health hazards and/or risk factors collected by the measurement section 1 via the communication sections 2 and 4a. The analyzed information can be sent to the system calculation section 5. The system calculation unit 5 has a calculation unit, and evaluates the necessity of calibration, etc. based on information obtained by analyzing the health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit 1. The system calculation unit 5 sends the analysis and calibration unit 4 to the analysis and calibration unit 4 based on the evaluation results, periodically or in a timely manner, or when knowledge regarding new health hazard factors and/or risk factors is obtained. , is configured to instruct to generate information necessary for calibrating the measurement unit 1. The analysis and calibration section 4 receives instructions from the system calculation section 5 via the communication sections 4a and 5a, and uses the calculation section to generate information necessary for calibrating the measurement section 1.
Alternatively, the system calculation unit 5 evaluates the necessity of calibration of the measurement unit 1 based on information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors detected by the measurement unit 1 and related information, and obtains the evaluation results. The analysis calibration unit 4 may be configured to instruct the analysis calibration unit 4 to generate information necessary for calibrating the measurement unit 1 based on the above.
In this way, the analysis and calibration section 4 uses the information obtained by analyzing the health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement section 1, or the health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors detected by the measurement section 1. It is also configured to generate information necessary for calibrating the measurement unit 1 based on the risk factor information (and related information). In this example, the analysis calibrator 4 has a processor for generating this information.

Returning to FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the system calculation unit 5 controls the measurement unit 1, communication unit 2, control unit 3, analysis calibration unit 4, and external communication unit 6 to perform predetermined functions. It is something to do. The system calculation unit 5 can include, for example, any known processor. The system calculation section 5 also has a calculation section, and calculates human exposure and/or work environment based on information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors transmitted from the communication section 2 (13). Evaluate by calculation. For example, based on the type and amount of the health hazard and/or risk factor detected by the measurement unit 1, the estimated amount that has entered the worker's body is calculated, and the storage unit For example, the degree of harm, the degree of damage to organs, etc. can be evaluated by comparison with data stored in , calculation using a metabolic model or regeneration model, etc. When the analysis/calibration unit 4 analyzes health hazard factors and/or risk factors, it is preferable to perform calculation-based evaluation using the analyzed information for more accurate evaluation.
It is preferable to convey this evaluation result to workers, managers, etc. by sound, vibration, display, etc. using the various communication functions described above. It is preferable to include a voice guidance section 19. As long as laws and regulations are complied with, the system calculation unit 5 may include a determination unit that determines whether or not the worker can continue working based on the evaluation results. Such a determination unit may have, for example, an AI function, and may perform supervised learning using, for example, a judgment precedent such as Occupational Hygieneist as a teacher. Alternatively, it may be configured such that the determination criteria in the determination unit can be updated by using various communication units (communication functions) based on the judgment of the Occupational Hygieneist or the like.

For example, when manufacturing the measuring section 1, the characteristics of the first detecting section 11 (and the second detecting section 12) and the characteristics of the circuit are measured and stored in the storage section of the system calculating section 5, for example. By using it as a reference value, the calculation unit of the system calculation unit 5 performs evaluation by comparing the reference value with the actual measurement value by the measurement unit 1 and the analysis result by the analysis calibration unit 4, Based on the results, the analysis calibration unit 4 can generate information necessary for calibrating the measurement unit 1. Note that the calibration information can be stored, for example, as a history in the storage section of the system calculation section 5 via the communication sections 4a and 5a.
According to these methods, there is no need to send it to the field or factory for calibration, and, for example, it is possible to centrally manage it from a remote location via the system calculation unit 5, etc., so efficient and accurate distributed management is possible. Diagnosis can be made in the same way.

As described above, it is preferable that the calibration by the analytical calibration unit 4 be performed in a timely manner, especially when knowledge of new factors related to health hazards and/or risk factors is obtained. This can be achieved, for example, by the system calculation unit 5 having an AI function. For example, the system calculation unit 5 has a communication unit (transmitter and/or receiver), and can obtain the latest information by accessing a predetermined website or the like on a regular or timely basis. (e.g. by comparison with the current information stored in a database or an AI database (a database with AI functionality, and thus having a processor for achieving the AI functionality in addition to memory etc.)). If it is determined that the above information has been obtained, the analysis/calibration section 4 can be commanded to generate the information necessary for the above analysis and calibration. Examples of sources for collecting information on new health hazard factors and/or risk factors include websites of chemical substance registration organizations, such as the CAS (A division of American Chemical Society). The AI database is particularly suitable for dealing with cases where information is updated quickly, such as in CAS.

Further, in this embodiment, the system calculation unit 5 preferably includes a storage unit (for example, a database or an AI database 51) in which information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors can be registered. Depending on the communication state, information may not be able to be sent or received temporarily, so various types of information can be stored in the database or AI database 51, and the storage can be read in a timely manner so that the system calculation unit 5 can perform various processes.

The above-mentioned calculation and evaluation by the system calculation unit 5 may be performed by directly comparing the data of information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors stored in the database or AI database 51 with the measured values. Alternatively, the measured value may be compared with data of information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors stored in the database or AI database 51 after statistical processing is performed on the measured value. . For example, the evaluation of exposure can take into account the effects of chronic exposure, short-term exposure, or both. Alternatively, when different harmful factors target the same target organ or have the same health effects, it is preferable to appropriately evaluate them using various methods, such as performing an evaluation that takes into account additivity or synergy. Furthermore, in measurements that include a spatial or time-series mixed factor or a plurality of factors, the first detection unit 11 may detect individual or total quantities, and the system calculation unit 5 The calculation unit can perform calculation evaluation according to its characteristics.

Further, the system calculation unit 5 can have an AI function, and for example, accesses the web page of the information provider regularly or timely, compares it with the information registered in the database or the AI database 51, It can be programmed to recognize changed, added, deleted, etc. information and update the database or AI database 51 to the latest information. Alternatively, the configuration may be such that the database of the system calculation unit 5 or the AI database 51 can be updated from the outside via the external communication unit 6.

The above-mentioned calculations and evaluations by the system calculation unit 5 can be performed by comparing the measured values of the health hazard and/or risk factor information measured under appropriate conditions by the measurement unit 1 with reference values. . The measured value may also be one that has been subjected to statistically significant processing, such as a time-weighted average value obtained from the measurement results. In addition, as a reference value, the TLV-TWA value (Threshold Limited Value - Time Weighted A) of ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) is used. verage), STEL value (Threshold Limited Value - Short Term Exposure Limit), ceiling value (Threshold Limited Value - Ceiling), Japan Society of Industrial Hygiene's permissible concentration, regulatory control concentration, PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit), etc. can be used. If there is no such standard value, the predicted value of the exposure limit value can be obtained from the published values of reliable organizations such as NOAEL values (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) such as the OECD and the US EPA (Non-Patent Document 9). It can be calculated and used as a reference value.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are diagrams showing the process of absorption and metabolism or regeneration in the body. FIG. 6A shows the relationship between exposure time and airborne concentration when exposed to a constant concentration for 8 hours a day, for example, in a unit work hour or one shift time. FIG. 6B shows the relationship between changes in metabolic time and blood concentration as model conditions. FIG. 6C shows the relationship between metabolic time and changes in blood concentration. Generally, health hazards and/or risk factors are metabolized or persist under conditions that are combined. As can be seen from FIGS. 6A to 6C, if you perform work that involves long-term exposure or high-concentration exposure, it may chronically accumulate in the body and cause health problems.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an equivalent circuit for exposure through the respiratory tract. Since the calculations and evaluations performed by the analysis calibration unit 4 and the system calculation unit 5 cannot directly measure the exposure state of the human body, it is preferable to perform the evaluation using a pulmonary airway route exposure metabolism or regeneration model. Note that carcinogenic health hazards and/or risk factors do not have threshold values, so in that case, the value of threshold setting element _D2 should be set to infinitesimal, or the model should be removed from the circuit. I can do it.
In the equivalent circuit of FIG. 7, when a rectangular voltage V _i corresponding to the concentration of an airborne health hazard factor is supplied, an integral consisting of R ₁ and C ₁ representing blood concentration, and wetting resistance R ₂ representing metabolism It is charged to _C1 in the circuit. When the atmospheric concentration decreases and V _i decreases, the charge of C ₁ is discharged. The situation attenuates as shown in FIG. 6B for the case of metabolic time T=8 h. In addition, in the integral circuit R ₃ , D ₁ , D ₂ , C ₂ representing the charges in the target organ that are irreversibly accumulated, R ₃ is the membrane resistance that enters the organ from the blood vessel and is charged in the target organ C ₂ . D ₁ is a discharge prevention when the air concentration decreases, and D ₂ is a threshold-setting Zener diode whose threshold corresponds to the exposure limit of a certain factor. Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, the influence of _VT in accordance with the amount accumulated in organs appears indirectly in the BEI measurement results and health disorders.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an equivalent circuit for percutaneous absorption exposure. FIG. 8, like FIG. 7, is a metabolic or regenerative model of dermal route exposure. In the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 8, the source is set to a constant value, which corresponds to the fact that when droplets adhere to the skin, exposure continues until they are wiped off or dry. In the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 8, since the skin contact concentration is constant, a constant voltage is applied to the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a model using transistors for the exposure limit setting/enzyme activity value setting section of FIGS. 7 and 8. In the equivalent circuit of FIG. 9, the functions of _D1 and _D2 are replaced by MOS transistors. In this case, for carcinogenic health hazards and/or risk factors, the threshold value setting element R ₅ is set to the maximum value and is constantly accumulated in C ₂ through the MOS transistor.

Returning to FIG. 1, the work environment overall management system of this embodiment further includes an external communication unit 6 capable of communicating with the outside of the work environment. According to this, occupational health management and work environment management can be performed more appropriately by transmitting and receiving information via a connection with an external network. In this example, the external communication unit 6 includes a transmitter and/or a receiver.

According to the working environment integrated management system of this embodiment, information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors detected in real time or in a timely manner by the measurement unit 1 is transmitted to the system calculation unit 5 by the communication unit 2 (13). The calculation unit of the system calculation unit 5 evaluates human body exposure and/or work environment based on the information, so that occupational exposure can be evaluated quickly. The evaluation can be performed more accurately by using the analysis results by the analysis calibration section 4. Then, the result can be communicated to the worker via the communication section 4a, 2(13), the display section 18 or the voice guidance section 19 of the measurement section 1, and the result can also be communicated to the worker via the external communication section 6, for example. This can also be communicated to managers in order to ensure the safety of workers by ensuring appropriate occupational health management and work environment management, such as reducing worker exposure. . As described above, in this working environment integrated management system, the control section 3 can control the measurement section 1 and the communication section 2, and the system calculation section 5 can control the measurement section 1, the communication section 2, and the control section 2. section 3, analysis calibration section 4, and external communication section 6. Furthermore, according to the measurement unit 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4A to 4F, and 5C, it can be carried by workers and can be measured in appropriate areas of the body such as the breathing area or percutaneous exposure area. In addition, measurements can be taken at statistically significant fixed points, such as the arrangement at fixed positions illustrated in FIG. And these can be used together. Furthermore, the measurement unit 1 can be calibrated at appropriate timing by the analysis and calibration unit 4 and the system calculation unit 5, and can be quickly adapted to new health hazards and/or risk factors and new findings. and can respond accurately. New health hazard factors and/or risk factors and new findings can be registered, for example, in the storage section (database or AI database 51) of the system calculation section 5 for comprehensive management. Furthermore, various information can be shared with the outside through the external communication section 6. For example, the system calculation section 5 can use reference values that take into account human exposure history or work environment history obtained from the outside. They are also expected to contribute to occupational safety and health through epidemiological research, such as by providing information to external organizations for epidemiological research, if necessary.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, risk assessment and risk management can be carried out at a high level by quickly detecting and evaluating information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors. It is also possible to control production, including worker activities.

In the work environment integrated management system of the present invention, the measurement unit 1 is configured to further detect related information related to human body exposure information and/or work environment information by real-time or timely measurement, and as the related information. , a second detection unit 12 that detects the worker's position and/or temporal information; an imaging unit 14 that captures images of the worker's surroundings and/or the workplace as related information; It is preferable to further include at least one sensor 15 that detects any one or more of sound, vibration, heat, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation in the surroundings and/or the workplace. This is because human body exposure and/or work environment can be evaluated more accurately.

In the work environment integrated management system of the present invention, the communication unit 2 (4a) is configured to be able to transmit information obtained by analyzing health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit 1 in real time or at a suitable time. information on analyzing the health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit 1, or the health hazard factors and/or risk factors detected by the measurement unit 1, transmitted from the communication unit 2 (4a). Alternatively, it is preferable to further include a calibration section (in the above embodiment, the analysis calibration section 4) that generates information necessary for calibrating the measurement section 1 based on risk factor information. This is because by performing necessary updates to the measuring unit 1, human body exposure and/or work environment can be evaluated more accurately.

In the work environment integrated management system of the present invention, it is preferable that the calculation unit performs evaluation using a metabolic model or a regeneration model. This is because human body exposure and/or work environment can be evaluated more accurately.

Preferably, the work environment integrated management system of the present invention further includes a storage unit (in the above embodiment, a database or AI database 51) in which information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors can be registered. This is because necessary information can be retrieved from the storage unit and everything from measurement to evaluation can be performed quickly, and it is also possible to cope with some communication failures.

Preferably, the work environment overall management system of the present invention includes an external communication unit 6 capable of communicating with the outside of the work environment. This is because various information can be exchanged with outside parties to improve the accuracy of human exposure and/or work environment evaluations, or information can be provided to external organizations.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a work environment overall management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows a measurement form when a worker moves over a wide range per unit time or one shift time. In this case, the degree of occurrence, stagnation, invasion, etc. of health hazards and/or risk factors may differ between equivalent exposure groups or unit workplaces, so measurements are taken across multiple equivalent exposure groups or unit workplaces. It is preferable to do this. For this purpose, the system calculation unit 5 performs significant statistical processing (for example, time-weighted average Evaluation can be carried out by taking the following steps. When workers move over a wide area or across multiple workplaces, the target organs are often the same even if the types of health hazards or risk factors are different, and if the health effects are the same, the target organ is often There is an additive or synergistic effect based on the time-weighted average value, and it is preferable to suppress the exposure at a value lower than the individual exposure limit value. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the above-described calibration can be performed for each detection unit (for each equivalent exposure group or unit workplace). Furthermore, the types and combinations of detection units can be changed for each equivalent exposure group or unit workplace. In this way, also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the entire unit working time or one shift time can be measured and managed in an integrated manner by the system calculation unit 5. As a result, even in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, risk assessment and risk management can be carried out at a high level by quickly detecting and evaluating information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors. I can do it.

<Overall work environment management method>
A work environment overall management method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of detecting one or more health-hazardous factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner; or a step of transmitting information on risk factors in real time or in a timely manner, and a step of calculating human exposure and/or work environment based on the transmitted information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors. and, including.

This work environment overall management method can be performed using the work environment overall management system according to the embodiment described above. The work environment integrated management system is the same as described above, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In the work environment integrated management method of the present invention, the measurement unit 1 includes a first detection unit 11, a second detection unit 12, an imaging unit 14, and a sensor 15, and human body exposure information and/or work environment information Relevant information related to the information may further be configured to be collected in real time or through timely measurements. In the working environment integrated management method of the present invention, the second detection section 12 detects the worker's position and/or temporal information as related information, and the imaging section 14 detects the worker's location and/or time information as related information. The step of taking an image of the surroundings and/or the workplace, and as related information, the sensor 15 detects any one or more of sound, vibration, heat, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation around the worker and/or the workplace. Preferably, the method further includes at least one sensing step.

In the work environment overall management method of the present invention, the analysis and calibration section 4 analyzes information transmitted from the communication section 2 (13) on health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected in the measurement section 1, or Preferably, the method further includes a step of generating information necessary for calibrating the measuring section 1 based on information on the health hazard and/or risk factor detected by the measuring section 1.

In the work environment overall management method of the present invention, it is preferable that in the calculation step, the calculation unit performs the above calculation using a metabolic model or a regeneration model.

1 Measuring section 2 Communication section 3 Control section 4 Analysis calibration section 5 System calculation section 6 External communication section 11 First detection section 12 Second detection section 13 Communication section 14 Imaging section 15 Sensor 16 Control section 17 Storage section 18 Display section and/or operation section 19 voice guidance section

Claims (6)

a measurement unit having a first detection unit that detects one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors in real time or in a timely manner;
a communication unit capable of transmitting information on the health hazard factor and/or risk factor detected by the first detection unit in real time or in a timely manner;
a calculation unit that evaluates human body exposure and/or work environment by calculation based on the information on the health hazard factor and/or risk factor transmitted from the communication unit,
the measurement section has the communication section,
The measurement unit is configured to be wearable by a worker,
The calculation unit performs the evaluation using a metabolic model or a regeneration model,
The metabolic model or regenerative model is
A first resistor R1 representing blood concentration and a first capacitor C1 are connected in series, and a second resistor R2 representing metabolism is connected in parallel to the first capacitor C1. a first integrating circuit representing a metabolic or regenerative function, to which a rectangular voltage Vi representing the concentration of the harmful factor is supplied;
There is a third resistance R3 representing the membrane resistance entering the organ from the blood vessel, a first diode D1 representing prevention of discharge of charge equivalent to target organ accumulation, damage amount, or antibody amount when the airborne concentration decreases, and a threshold value. A second diode D2 representing a threshold-setting Zener diode corresponding to the exposure limit value of a factor that corresponds to the exposure limit value, and a second capacitor C2 representing a target organ are connected in series in this order. includes an integrator circuit and
A work environment integrated management system characterized by being a model . The measurement unit includes:
further configured to detect relevant information related to the human exposure and/or the working environment by real-time or timely measurements;
a second detection unit that detects the worker's position and/or temporal information as the related information; an imaging unit that captures an image of the worker's surroundings and/or the workplace as the related information; The work according to claim 1, further comprising at least one sensor that detects any one or more of sound, vibration, heat, non-ionizing radiation, and radiation in the surroundings and/or work area. Environmental management system. The communication unit is also configured to be able to transmit information obtained by analyzing health hazard factors and/or risk factors collected by the measurement unit in real time or in a timely manner,
Information sent from the communication unit that analyzes the health hazard and/or risk factor collected by the measurement unit, or information on the health hazard and/or risk factor detected by the measurement unit. The working environment integrated management system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a calibration section that generates information necessary for calibrating the measurement section based on the information. The work environment integrated management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a storage unit capable of registering information on health hazard factors and/or risk factors. The work environment integrated management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising an external communication unit capable of communicating with the outside of the work environment. Detecting one or more health hazard factors and/or risk factors by the detection unit in real time or in a timely manner;
A step of transmitting information on the detected health hazard factor and/or risk factor in real time or in a timely manner by a communication unit included in the detection unit;
A step of calculating human body exposure and/or work environment based on the transmitted information on the health hazard factor and/or risk factor by the calculation unit ,
The measurement unit including the detection unit is configured to be wearable by a worker,
The calculation unit performs the evaluation using a metabolic model or a regeneration model,
The metabolic model or regenerative model is
A first resistor R1 representing blood concentration and a first capacitor C1 are connected in series, and a second resistor R2 representing metabolism is connected in parallel to the first capacitor C1. a first integrating circuit representing a metabolic or regenerative function, to which a rectangular voltage Vi representing the concentration of the harmful factor is supplied;
There is a third resistance R3 representing the membrane resistance entering the organ from the blood vessel, a first diode D1 representing prevention of discharge of charge equivalent to target organ accumulation, damage amount, or antibody amount when the airborne concentration decreases, and a threshold value. A second diode D2 representing a threshold-setting Zener diode corresponding to the exposure limit value of a factor that corresponds to the exposure limit value, and a second capacitor C2 representing a target organ are connected in series in this order. includes an integrator circuit and
A work environment overall management method characterized by being a model .

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