JP7339900B2 - Visual field abnormality diagnostic method, visual field abnormality diagnostic device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a visual field abnormality diagnostic method and a visual field abnormality diagnostic apparatus for diagnosing visual field abnormality such as visual field defect.

Many eye diseases are accompanied by visual field abnormalities such as visual field defects. For example, when a person suffers from glaucoma, abnormalities occur in the optic nerve due to an increase in intraocular pressure, resulting in impairment of visual acuity and visual field. Although current medicine has not established a method for restoring the damaged optic nerve, it is possible to slow the progression of the disease and avoid the risk of blindness by starting treatment early.

However, the progression of eye diseases is often slow and subjective symptoms are scarce in most cases. If you go to an ophthalmologist, it is possible to detect diseases at an early stage using a specialized examination device, but the motivation to visit an ophthalmologist in the absence of subjective symptoms does not occur lightly in ordinary life.

For this reason, a visual field abnormality self-diagnosis chart has been developed that allows easy diagnosis of visual field abnormality at home (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).

In addition, there is a report that visual field abnormality can be diagnosed by the appearance of analog noise called "snow noise" generated by radio interference or the like in analog television receivers (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2 below). .

JP 2011-78469 A Nichinkai 96: 492-495, 1992 "Detection of visual field abnormality in low-tension glaucoma using noise screen of home TV"

In diagnosing visual field abnormality using the visual field abnormality self-diagnosis chart disclosed in Patent Document 1, the subject rotates the sheet while gazing at the fixation point printed in the center of the sheet, and examines the test images arranged around the fixation point. Visual field abnormalities are diagnosed based on whether the target can be seen normally or not.

That is, in the diagnosis of visual field abnormality proposed in Patent Document 1, visual field abnormality is determined if the test target is not visible. Accurate rotation of the seat around the fixation point is unexpectedly difficult, and it is difficult to say that an accurate diagnosis can always be made.

On the other hand, in the diagnostic method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, the quality of the image differs depending on the quality of the receiver and the radio wave condition, so the reliability of how the screen looks at the time of diagnosis cannot be ensured.

The present invention has been completed in view of the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel visual field abnormality diagnostic method and visual field abnormality diagnostic apparatus for diagnosing visual field abnormalities such as visual field defects.

The visual field abnormality diagnostic method of the present invention that solves the technical problem is to have a subject stare with one eye at the central part of a screen on which a digital random noise image of snow noise or color noise is displayed, and based on how the screen is viewed It is characterized by diagnosing the presence or absence of visual field abnormality (hereinafter referred to as the "diagnostic method of the present invention").

In the diagnostic method of the present invention, further, a screen in which any one of the dot size, saturation, brightness, or frequency of the digital random noise image is changed is displayed, and visual field abnormality is detected based on the appearance of the changed screen. Diagnosing the presence or absence is a preferred embodiment.

A visual field abnormality diagnostic device of the present invention for solving the above technical problem is a visual field abnormality diagnostic device for diagnosing the presence or absence of a visual field abnormality, comprising a display device and a control device. (hereinafter referred to as "diagnostic device of the present invention").

In the diagnostic device of the present invention, it is preferable that any one of the dot size, saturation, brightness, or frequency of the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device can be changed via the control device. It becomes a mode.

According to the present invention, visual field abnormalities such as visual field defects can be diagnosed, and the subject himself/herself can self-diagnose visual field abnormalities.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the outline of the diagnostic device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing how a subject with normal vision sees a digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device of the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of how a subject with a visual field abnormality sees a digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device of the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the display device of the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention for displaying a digital random noise image with the dot size changed.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described based on the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

<Diagnostic device 1 of the present invention>
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the diagnostic device 1 of the present invention. The diagnostic device 1 of the present invention comprises a "display device (2)" and a "control device (3)".

-Display device 2-
The display device 2 is a device having a screen for displaying images, which is generally called a monitor or display. In this embodiment, a liquid crystal display with a screen size of 24 inches is used as the display device 2 .

-control device 3-
The control device 3 plays a role of determining an image to be displayed on the display device 2 . In this embodiment, a computer is used as the control device 3, and an instruction to display a digital random noise image of snow noise or color noise on the screen of the display device 2 is given via the control device 3. It was constructed. The "digital random noise image" in the present invention means computer graphics digitally processed so that fine dots with different brightness and saturation flicker uniformly at a constant frequency over the entire screen. Among the digital random noise images, "snow noise" means a monotone image made only of white and black dots, and "color noise" means not only white and black dots but also dots of all colors. It means a color image that is randomly selected and displayed.

In the present embodiment, square dots (dot size: 3±2 mm) randomly colored by a random number generation function (XorShift method) are drawn in sequence from the upper left to the lower right of the screen to form a single image. A digital random noise image (color noise) is displayed on the display device 2 by repeating an image creation step of creating an image and an image display step of displaying this image on the screen of the display device 2 at a frequency of 60 Hz. did.

The diagnostic device 1 of the present invention is a device for executing the diagnostic method of the present invention for determining the presence or absence of visual field abnormality. The diagnostic method of the present invention using the diagnostic apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described below.

<Diagnostic method of the present invention>
In the diagnostic method of the present invention, the subject is made to stare with one eye at the central portion of the screen on which the digital random noise image is displayed, and the presence or absence of visual field abnormality is diagnosed based on how the screen is viewed.

-For normal vision-
When the subject's vision is normal, the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device 2 as shown in FIG. It has been confirmed that the flickering state can be seen as it is.

-When there is an abnormality in the field of vision-
On the other hand, when the subject has a visual field defect such as visual field defect caused by glaucoma, the appearance of the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device 2 does not remain as it is, as shown in FIG. As shown, it has been confirmed that a cloudy portion (X), in other words, a “dark portion” or “a portion where the flickering of dots has disappeared” can be seen in a portion of the screen. It has been confirmed that the cloudy part (X) occurs at the bottom of the screen when the visual field defect occurs in the lower side of the visual field range, and occurs in the upper part of the screen when it occurs in the upper side. . It has also been confirmed that when the visual field defect occurs on the right side of the visual field range, it occurs on the right side of the screen, and when it occurs on the left side, it occurs on the left side of the screen.

Thus, according to the present invention, visual field abnormality can be diagnosed simply by viewing a screen on which a digital random noise image is displayed. The time required for diagnosis is about 3 to 5 seconds for each eye, and the diagnosis can be made in a short time. In addition, since the presence or absence of visual field abnormality is determined based on the abnormal appearance of the screen, it is possible to make a more accurate diagnosis than the conventional diagnostic chart, which diagnoses visual field abnormality based on disappearance of vision. Furthermore, since the digital random noise image can stably display a constant image quality compared to the analog random noise image, it is possible to secure the reliability of diagnosis.

By the way, in the present embodiment, visual field abnormality is diagnosed on a screen displaying a digital random noise image with a constant dot size and frequency. Display a screen in which the dot size of the dots that constitute the noise has been changed, or a screen in which any of the saturation, brightness, or frequency of the dots has been changed, and the presence or absence of visual field abnormality based on the appearance of the changed screen Diagnosis is a preferred embodiment.

In addition to the primary diagnosis of visual field abnormality using a screen displaying a digital random noise image with a certain range of dot sizes and frequencies, a secondary diagnosis is performed by displaying a digital random noise image in which any of the dot size, coloring, or frequency has been changed. It has been confirmed that diagnostics can detect minor visual field abnormalities that may be overlooked by primary diagnostics alone.

For example, if a subject has visual field abnormalities in digital random noise images with frequencies above 15 Hz, the subject can be diagnosed with 15 Hz visual field abnormalities. On the other hand, if another subject has a visual field abnormality in a digital random noise image with a frequency greater than 30 Hz, then this subject can be diagnosed with a 30 Hz visual field abnormality.

This also applies to diagnosis based on changes in dot size and coloring. Therefore, by showing the subject a digital random noise image in which either dot size, coloration, or frequency is continuously changed, dot size, coloration (brightness, saturation, color distribution) that causes visual field abnormality , the frequency range can be specified, and thus quantitative diagnosis (degree of visual field abnormality) is possible in addition to qualitative diagnosis (presence or absence of visual field abnormality).

Therefore, in the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention as well, any of the dot size, saturation, brightness, color distribution, or frequency of the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device 2 can be changed via the control device 3. What is made possible is the preferred mode.

The dot size, saturation, brightness, and frequency of the dots that make up the digital random noise image can be arbitrarily changed by setting the algorithm of the program that creates the digital random noise image. The dot size is preferably changeable within a range of 1 to 20 mm (more preferably 1 to 5 mm).

Regarding the saturation, lightness, and color distribution of dots, all hues such as black and white, color, and shade can be appropriately selected according to the display capability of the selected display device 2 . Alternatively, a digital random noise image may be constructed of only selected specific colors, such as yellow or blue.

The frequency of the digital random noise image can be changed in an arbitrary range (eg, 0 to 240 Hz range) at arbitrary intervals (eg, 1 msec intervals) according to the performance of the selected display device 2. .

In addition, in the present invention, the production environment of the digital random noise video is not particularly limited. A digital random noise image can be created using, for example, Windows (registered trademark), OpenGL Utility Toolkit (registered trademark), Visual Studio (registered trademark), GLUT library (registered trademark), and the like.

In addition, in the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the method of generating pseudo-random numbers for generating randomness when generating a digital random noise image. Examples of pseudo-random number generating methods include the XorShift method used in this embodiment, the linear congruence method, and the Mersenne Twister method.

In this embodiment, a 24-inch liquid crystal display is used as the display device 2, but the image display method of the display device 2 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an image display method such as plasma or organic EL. Also good. Also, the form of the display device 2 is not particularly limited, and any form of display can be used as the display device 2, for example, a head-mounted display such as a head-mounted display. Also, the screen size of the display device 2 is not particularly limited, and for example, a large-sized panel such as that used in stadiums may be used. A general size of the display device 2 is preferably 5 to 100 inches.

Further, in the present embodiment, the subject self-diagnoses visual field abnormality using the diagnostic apparatus 1 of the present invention, but implementation of the diagnostic method of the present invention is not limited to this aspect. For example, the diagnostic method of the present invention may be constructed as application software capable of displaying a digital random noise image on a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, a personal computer, or a screen of a television, etc., and a system may be constructed in which the image can be captured by downloading or the like. In addition, a system for remotely diagnosing visual field abnormalities by creating a website that displays a screen of digital random noise images on a website operated by an ophthalmologist or other specialist, and by communicating online how the screen is viewed by the subject. may be constructed.

In addition, the present invention can be embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are merely examples in every respect and should not be construed in a restrictive manner. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, and is not restricted by the text of the specification. Furthermore, all modifications and changes within the equivalent scope of claims are within the scope of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is preferably used as means for diagnosing visual field abnormality.

1 Diagnosis device of the present invention (Visual field abnormality diagnosis device)
2 display device 3 control device

Claims (2)

A visual field abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing the presence or absence of visual field abnormality,
a display device;
a controller;
and
Through the control device, a command is given to display a digital random noise image of snow noise or color noise on the screen of the display device ,
Further, the visual field abnormality diagnostic apparatus is characterized in that any one of the dot size, saturation, brightness, or frequency of the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device can be changed via the control device. . In the visual field abnormality diagnostic device according to claim 1 ,
Further, the visual field abnormality diagnostic apparatus is capable of continuously changing any of the dot size, saturation, brightness, or frequency of the digital random noise image displayed on the screen of the display device via the control device.

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