JP7329906B2 - Cryogenic liquid storage tank - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cryogenic liquid storage tank used for storing cryogenic liquid such as liquefied hydrogen.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, double-shell tanks having an inner tank and an outer tank have been used as tanks for storing cryogenic liquids such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

In addition, this type of tank includes, for example, a concrete base plate, a metal inner tank (storage tank) and an outer tank installed on the base plate, and a cold insulation function filled between the inner tank and the outer layer. It is composed of a cold insulating material (heat insulating material) such as urethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, and perlite that exhibits a heat insulating function (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-194256 A

Here, unlike conventional fossil fuels, hydrogen can be produced in large quantities from a variety of raw materials, and is extremely clean, producing only water when burned and emitting no greenhouse gases. As an energy source, attention is paid to its use for power generation and the like.

In order to put hydrogen power generation to practical use, a large storage tank for liquefied hydrogen of the order of 10,000 kL, such as an LNG or LPG storage tank, will be required in the future. It is difficult to store it in a storage tank as it is. Therefore, there is a strong demand for a tank that can store a large amount of ultra-low temperature liquefied hydrogen on the order of 10,000 kL.

As a tank that can store a large amount of ultra-low temperature liquefied hydrogen, an inner tank that stores liquefied hydrogen, an outer tank that surrounds and encloses the inner tank, and a vacuum that is provided between the inner tank and the outer tank. a heat insulating layer, and the outer tank includes a concrete portion and a liner portion (such as a steel plate) formed by integrally providing an impermeable material on the surface of the concrete portion, and the liner portion is attached to the concrete portion. A tank having a structure arranged on the outer surface side is known.

However, when the liner portion is arranged on the outer surface side of the outer tank, if the foundation of the tank is a pile foundation, there is a possibility that the performance of the liner deteriorates at the interface between the liner portion and the pile.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has a pile foundation structure, and can suitably store even a large amount of ultra-low temperature liquid such as liquefied hydrogen on the order of 10,000 kL. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cryogenic liquid storage tank.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following means.

The cryogenic liquid storage tank of the present invention comprises an inner tank made of a steel plate for storing a cryogenic liquid, an outer tank disposed so as to surround and contain the inner tank, and between the inner tank and the outer tank. a concrete portion provided so as to be in contact with the vacuum heat insulating layer , and a steel plate integrally attached to cover the entire surface of the concrete portion. The liner portion is arranged on the outer surface side of the concrete portion opposite to the vacuum insulation layer, and the bottom plate is provided below and on the side of the bottom plate of the outer tank A surrounding supporting bottom plate is provided, and the supporting bottom plate is constructed via a pile foundation, and the supporting bottom plate is formed so as to rise from a bottom plate portion joined to the pile and a peripheral edge portion of the bottom plate portion. and a side plate portion, which is arranged so that the liner portion of the bottom plate of the outer tank is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate portion, and the side plate portion is formed with a height that covers the side surface of the bottom plate of the outer tank. It is characterized by being

According to the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the present invention, when the vacuum insulation layer is evacuated, the air in the gaps of the porous concrete portion (concrete body) is also released, and the liner portion ( Air-impermeable material) has a force of adsorption to the concrete part.
In addition, even if cracks occur in the concrete part, when the vacuum insulation layer is put into a vacuum state, the air in the concrete part is released through the cracks, and the liner part provided on the outside of the concrete part has the force to stick to the concrete part. will work.

As a result, the vacuum insulation layer is evacuated, and the impermeable material of the liner portion automatically adheres to the outer surface of the concrete portion.

Therefore, in the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the present invention, the impermeable material of the liner evacuates the vacuum insulation layer and adheres closely to the outer surface of the concrete portion, so that the liner portion is provided inside the concrete portion. As compared with , the number of anchors and the like for joining the air-impermeable material of the liner portion to the concrete portion can be greatly reduced, and the airtightness can be preferably ensured.

In addition, since the impermeable material such as the steel plate of the liner is joined to the outer surface of the concrete part, the installation work of this impermeable material is less than the case of joining an impermeable material such as a steel plate to the inner surface of the concrete part. can be facilitated, and workability can be greatly improved.

In addition, as the vacuum insulation layer is evacuated, the air impermeable material of the liner automatically adheres to the outer surface of the concrete part, so it is possible to avoid the negative effects of vacuum, such as when joining the air impermeable material to the inner surface of the concrete part. There is no bending deformation or buckling deformation of the portion between the anchors due to pressure. Also, the impermeable material is not peeled off. This makes it possible to form a highly reliable liner portion even if a thin steel plate is used as the air impermeable material.

Further, in the cryogenic liquid storage tank of the present invention, the supporting bottom plate is provided via the pile foundation, and the outer tank is provided so as to be supported by the supporting bottom plate. That is, since the outer tank and the pile are not directly joined, the tank can be constructed without affecting the liner portion provided in the outer tank. That is, even when a tank is constructed using piles, a highly reliable liner can be formed.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a low-temperature liquid storage tank that has a pile foundation structure and can suitably store a large amount of ultra-low-temperature liquid such as liquefied hydrogen on the order of 10,000 kL.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a cryogenic liquid storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cryogenic liquid storage tank according to one embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1 ; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cryogenic liquid storage tank according to one embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 1;

Hereinafter, a cryogenic liquid storage tank according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. Here, the present embodiment relates to a tank suitable for use in storing ultra-low temperature liquid such as liquefied hydrogen.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment includes an inner tank 2 made of metal (steel plate) for storing the cryogenic liquid L, and an outer tank 2 surrounding the inner tank 2. It is composed of a tank 3 and a vacuum heat insulating layer 4 provided between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 to ensure heat insulating performance.

The vacuum heat insulating layer 4 is maintained in a vacuum state by, for example, sucking air, and is filled with, for example, a powder/solid radiation shielding material 5 . The radiation shield material 5 has heat insulating properties by absorbing/blocking the heat transfer action (electromagnetic waves) caused by the vibration of the steel plate of the inner tank 2 at the atomic/molecular level when the low-temperature liquid L comes into contact with it, for example. This is for preventing the drop.

Next, the outer tank 3 of this embodiment includes, for example, a concrete part (concrete body) 6 having a reinforced concrete bottom plate, side walls, and a roof, and a surface of the concrete part 6 so as to cover the entire surface. and a liner portion 7 made of an impermeable material such as a steel plate integrally attached to the liner.

Here, when the vacuum insulation layer 4 is provided between the inner tank 2 and the concrete part 6 (outer tank 3), since the concrete part 6 of the outer tank 3 is a porous body, the concrete part 6 is usually A liner portion is provided by fixing a steel plate as an air impermeable material (airtight member) to the inner surface 6a (the surface on the side of the vacuum insulation layer 4) with a fixing means such as an anchor.
However, in this case, the negative pressure of the vacuum insulation layer 4 generates a large attractive force in the steel plate of the liner portion, which may cause bending deformation or buckling deformation of the steel plate portion between the adjacent anchors. Moreover, there is a possibility that the steel plate may be peeled off.

On the other hand, in the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. The liner portion 7 is provided by fixing with the fixing means of . Note that the liner portion 7 is formed, for example, by joining a plurality of steel plates by welding or the like so as to ensure the airtightness of the inside.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment is constructed via a plurality of piles 11 arranged on the ground G. As shown in FIG. That is, the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 has a pile foundation structure 10 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the upper end (tip) 11a of the pile 11 is joined to the supporting bottom slab 21 so as to partially enter. In this embodiment, the piles 11 and the supporting bottom slab 21 are made of reinforced concrete. In addition, about the structure of the pile 11 and the support bottom plate 21, structures other than reinforced concrete construction may be sufficient.

The support bottom plate 21 has a bottom plate portion 22 that is joined to the piles 11 and side plate portions 23 that rise vertically upward from the peripheral edge portion of the bottom plate portion 22 .

The bottom plate portion 22 is formed in a flat plate shape having a size on which the bottom plate 8 of the outer tub 3 can be placed. The side plate portion 23 is formed with a height that covers the side surface of the bottom plate 8 of the outer tub 3 .

The low-temperature liquid storage tank 1 is arranged such that the bottom plate 8 of the outer tank 3 is placed in a recess 24 formed by the bottom plate portion 22 and the side plate portion 23 of the supporting bottom plate 21 .

In the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, when the vacuum insulation layer 4 is brought into a vacuum state, the air in the gaps of the concrete portion 6 which is a porous body is also released, and the A force that adsorbs the concrete portion 6 acts on the liner portion 7 thus formed. Even if the concrete portion 6 cracks, the air in the concrete portion 6 escapes through the crack, and the liner portion 7 exerts a force of adsorption to the concrete portion 6 .

As a result, the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 is evacuated, and the steel plate (air-impermeable material) of the liner portion 7 automatically adheres to the outer surface 6 b of the concrete portion 6 .

Therefore, in the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment, the steel plate of the liner portion 7 evacuates the vacuum insulation layer 4 and adheres closely to the outer surface 6 b of the concrete portion 6 . The number of anchors and the like for joining the steel plate of the liner portion 7 to the concrete portion 6 can be greatly reduced compared to the case where they are provided.

In addition, by joining the steel plate to the outer surface 6b, compared to joining the steel plate to the inner surface 6a of the concrete portion 6, the work of attaching the steel plate can be facilitated, and the workability can be greatly improved. become.

Further, since the vacuum insulation layer 4 is evacuated and the steel plate of the liner portion 7 is automatically brought into close contact with the outer surface 6b of the concrete portion 6, a negative effect of the vacuum can be obtained as in the case of joining the steel plate to the inner surface 6a of the concrete portion 6. There is no bending deformation or buckling deformation of the portion between adjacent anchors due to pressure. In addition, the steel plate does not peel off. This makes it possible to form a highly reliable liner portion 7 even if a thin steel plate is used.

Further, in the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment, a supporting bottom plate 21 is provided via the piles 11, and the outer tank 3 is provided so as to be supported by the supporting bottom plate 21. As shown in FIG. That is, since the outer tank 3 and the piles 11 are not directly joined, the tank 1 can be constructed without affecting the liner portion 7 provided in the outer tank 3 . That is, even when the pile 11 is used to construct the tank 1, a highly reliable liner can be formed.
By providing the above structure, it is possible to resist the horizontal force acting on the cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 during an earthquake or the like, and the liner portion 7 can be provided on the entire outer surface of the outer tank 3 .

Therefore, according to the low-temperature liquid storage tank 1 of the present embodiment, it has the pile foundation structure 10 and can suitably store even a large amount of ultra-low temperature liquid such as liquefied hydrogen on the order of 10,000 kL. Become.

Although one embodiment of the cryogenic liquid storage tank according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, in the present embodiment, the cryogenic liquid storage tank according to the present invention has been described as storing liquefied hydrogen. Storage tanks may also be applied.

The description has been given assuming that the impermeable material of the liner portion 7 of the present embodiment is a steel plate. For example, it may be made of resin (FRP board (resin fiber composite board) or the like).

In addition, the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 is filled with the powdery or solid radiation shielding material 5 to prevent (suppress) the heat transfer by radiation. may be set to

In this case, even if the inner tank 2 is cooled by the cryogenic liquid 1 stored in the inner tank 2 and vibrations at the atomic/molecular level are generated, and radiation is generated by these vibrations (electromagnetic waves), Radiation can be blocked by a plate-like radiation shield material disposed in the middle of the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 . As a result, heat transfer can be reliably blocked by the vacuum heat insulating layer 4, and a highly reliable cryogenic liquid storage tank 1 can be realized.

In addition, most of the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 with the plate-like radiation shield material disposed thereon is held as a space, and this space becomes a vacuum state. Therefore, compared with the case where the conventional powdery/solid radiation shielding material 5 is filled, the degree of vacuum of the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 can be easily increased, and the degree of vacuum can be easily maintained. Become.

Furthermore, when a plate-shaped radiation shield material is employed, maintenance can be performed more easily than when the vacuum heat insulating layer 4 is filled with the powdery/solid radiation shield material 5 .

1 Cryogenic liquid storage tank 2 Inner tank 3 Outer tank 4 Vacuum insulation layer 5 Powdery/solid radiation shield material 6 Concrete part 6a Inner surface 6b Outer surface 7 Liner part 8 Bottom slab 11 Pile 21 Support bottom slab L Cryogenic liquid

Claims (1)

an inner tank made of a steel plate for storing a cryogenic liquid;
an outer tank disposed so as to surround and enclose the inner tank;
A vacuum insulation layer provided between the inner tank and the outer tank,
The outer tank includes a concrete portion disposed so as to be in contact with the vacuum insulation layer , and a liner portion made of a steel plate integrally attached so as to cover the entire surface of the concrete portion , The liner portion is arranged on the outer surface side of the concrete portion opposite to the vacuum insulation layer,
A supporting bottom plate surrounding the bottom plate of the outer tank is provided below and on the side of the bottom plate,
The supporting bottom slab is constructed via a pile foundation,
The support bottom plate has a bottom plate portion joined to the pile, and a side plate portion formed to rise from the peripheral edge of the bottom plate portion,
arranged so that the liner portion of the bottom plate of the outer tank is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate portion;
The low-temperature liquid storage tank, wherein the side plate portion is formed to have a height that covers the side surface of the bottom plate of the outer tank.

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