JP7329819B2

JP7329819B2 - Crushing device

Info

Publication number: JP7329819B2
Application number: JP2019075836A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 弘志中山; 知浩一丸; 秀樹冨永
Original assignee: NAKAYAMA HOLDINGS LTD.
Current assignee: NAKAYAMA HOLDINGS LTD.
Priority date: 2019-04-11
Filing date: 2019-04-11
Publication date: 2023-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-11
Also published as: JP2020171893A

Description

本発明は、コーンクラッシャ等の旋動式の破砕装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an orbital crushing device such as a cone crusher.

ジャイレトリクラッシャやコーンクラッシャ等の旋動式の破砕装置では、固定されたコンケーブに対しコーン形状のマントルを旋動させ、コンケーブとマントルとの間で破砕対象物を破砕する。 2. Description of the Related Art In a rotating crushing device such as a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher, a cone-shaped mantle is rotated with respect to a fixed concave to crush an object to be crushed between the concave and the mantle.

こうした破砕装置では、コンケーブとマントルとの間の隙間について、コンケーブやマントルの使用に伴う摩耗により広がった隙間を当初の大きさまで狭めて、破砕で得られる破砕片の大きさに摩耗による隙間変化の影響が及ばないようにしたり、破砕片の大きさを積極的に変えるために、コンケーブとマントルとの間の隙間の広狭調整を行う機構を備えている。この隙間調整機構としては、ねじ機構を用いてコンケーブを移動させてその上下方向の位置を調節することで、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の大きさを変えるようにするものが広く用いられていた。
こうした隙間調整機構を有する従来の破砕装置の例として、特開２００１－１７８７５号公報に開示されるものがある。 In such a crushing device, the gap between the concave and the mantle is narrowed to the initial size due to the wear caused by the use of the concave and the mantle, and the size of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing is reduced to the size of the gap due to wear. It has a mechanism to adjust the width of the gap between the concave and the mantle in order to avoid the influence and to actively change the size of the fragments. As the gap adjusting mechanism, a screw mechanism is widely used to move the concave and adjust its vertical position to change the size of the gap between the concave and the mantle.
An example of a conventional crushing device having such a gap adjusting mechanism is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-17875.

特開２００１－１７８７５号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-17875

従来の破砕装置は前記特許文献に例示される構成を有しており、隙間調整機構でコンケーブとマントル間の隙間の調整を行えるが、こうしたねじを用いて隙間の広狭調整を行う調整機構は、いわゆるセット調整として、装置の作動停止状態で調整を行うことを前提としたものであった。すなわち、破砕に係る作動中には、コンケーブを取り付けた可動側のねじ部が固定側のねじ部に対し動かないようダブルナット等の機構を用いて事前に固定していないと、破砕対象物側から相対的に加わるコンケーブを動かそうとする力により、ねじ部に過大な応力が作用し、ねじ部の破損を招いたり、可動側ねじ部が強制的に螺動する状態に至って、コンケーブとマントルとの間隔が設定値からずれ、破砕片の大きさに係る精度を保てなくなることから、破砕作業中の調整は不可能であった。 A conventional crushing device has the configuration exemplified in the above-mentioned patent document, and the gap adjustment mechanism can adjust the gap between the concave and the mantle. This is a so-called set adjustment, which is based on the premise that the adjustment is performed while the operation of the device is stopped. In other words, during the operation related to crushing, if the screw on the movable side to which the concave is attached is not fixed in advance using a mechanism such as a double nut so that it does not move with respect to the screw on the fixed side, the crushing object side The force that tries to move the concave that is relatively applied from the outer surface causes excessive stress to act on the threaded portion, causing damage to the threaded portion and forcible screwing of the movable side threaded portion. , and the distance from the set value deviates from the set value, and it becomes impossible to maintain accuracy related to the size of the crushed pieces, so adjustment during crushing work was impossible.

このため、こうした従来のねじによる調整機構を用いて隙間を調整し、破砕片の大きさを変える際は、一旦装置の作動を停止させて調整を行う必要があり、手間がかかる上、作業効率の低下を招くという課題を有していた。 For this reason, when adjusting the gap and changing the size of the crushed pieces using such a conventional adjustment mechanism using screws, it is necessary to temporarily stop the operation of the device before performing the adjustment, which is troublesome and increases work efficiency. had a problem of causing a decrease in

本発明は前記課題を解消するためになされたもので、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の広狭を調整する既存の機構によらずに、コンケーブとマントルの相対位置関係を変化させて隙間を調整可能とし、破砕に係る作動中でも調整を実行して破砕片の大きさを変えられる、破砕装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and enables the gap to be adjusted by changing the relative positional relationship between the concave and the mantle without relying on the existing mechanism for adjusting the width of the gap between the concave and the mantle. To provide a shredding device capable of changing the size of shredded pieces by performing adjustment even during the shredding operation.

本発明に係る破砕装置は、軸方向を垂直方向から所定角度傾斜させて上端部を中心に旋動可能に支持される主軸と、当該主軸を中心に貫通させて主軸上部に取り付けられる略円錐状のコア部と、当該コア部の外周に取り付けられて円錐面状に配置されるマントルと、当該マントルを取り囲むようにして円錐面状に固定配置されるコンケーブとを備え、固定されたコンケーブに対し主軸と一体のコア部及びマントルを旋動させ、コンケーブとマントルとの間に供給される破砕対象物を破砕する旋動式の破砕装置において、前記コンケーブの外周を取り囲むように配設され、コンケーブを支持する上部フレームと、当該上部フレームの下側に配設され、上部フレームを隙間なく密着させた状態及び上昇させて隙間を生じさせた状態でそれぞれ支持可能な下部フレームとを備え、前記上部フレーム又は下部フレームに、破砕装置の稼動中、上部フレーム及び下部フレームに外部に通じる隙間がない状態を維持しつつ、少なくとも上部フレームのコンケーブ支持部分を上下方向に移動させて、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の広狭を調整可能とする、調整機構部を設けるものである。 The crushing device according to the present invention includes a main shaft which is tilted at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction and is supported so as to be rotatable about the upper end, and a substantially conical shape which is attached to the upper part of the main shaft through the main shaft. a core portion, a mantle attached to the outer periphery of the core portion and arranged in a conical shape, and a concave fixedly arranged in a conical shape so as to surround the mantle, and with respect to the fixed concave A turning-type crushing device for crushing objects to be crushed supplied between a concave and a mantle by turning a core part integral with a main shaft and a mantle, wherein and a lower frame disposed below the upper frame and capable of supporting the upper frame in a state in which the upper frame is in close contact without a gap and in a state in which the upper frame is raised to create a gap, and the upper At least the concave support portion of the upper frame is moved vertically while maintaining a state in which there is no gap leading to the outside in the upper frame and the lower frame during operation of the crushing device, so that the gap between the concave and the mantle is maintained. An adjustment mechanism is provided to enable adjustment of the width of the gap.

このように本発明によれば、コンケーブを支える上部フレームと、この上部フレームを下から支える下部フレームのいずれか一方に、上部フレームにおけるコンケーブ支持部分を上下方向に移動させられる調整機構部を設け、この調整機構部で上部フレームに支持されたコンケーブを上下方向に動かして、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の広狭を調整可能とすることにより、既存の調整機構を用いることなく隙間調整が行え、また、調整に際し上部フレームと下部フレームとの間に隙間を設けずに済み、装置の作動中でも問題なく調整でき、破砕対象物や破砕装置の状態、例えば、コンケーブやマントルの摩耗状態等、の変化に対応する調整を行って、破砕で得られる破砕片の大きさを適切なものとすることができる。さらに、破砕に係る作動中にも隙間を調整できるため、作動中の破砕装置を隙間調整のために停止させずに済み、破砕装置として破砕作業を安定して継続可能となり、効率よく破砕を進められる。 As described above, according to the present invention, either the upper frame that supports the concave or the lower frame that supports the upper frame from below is provided with an adjustment mechanism for vertically moving the concave support portion of the upper frame, This adjustment mechanism moves the concave supported by the upper frame in the vertical direction to adjust the width of the gap between the concave and the mantle, so that the gap can be adjusted without using the existing adjustment mechanism. There is no need to provide a gap between the upper frame and the lower frame for adjustment, and it can be adjusted without problems even while the device is in operation. Adjustments can be made to make the size of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing appropriate. Furthermore, since the gap can be adjusted even during the operation related to crushing, the crushing device in operation does not need to be stopped to adjust the gap, and the crushing work can be stably continued as a crushing device, allowing efficient crushing to proceed. be done.

また、本発明に係る破砕装置は必要に応じて、少なくとも前記調整機構部の作動を制御する制御部を備え、当該制御部が、破砕対象物を破砕して得られた破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報を取得し、当該情報に基づいて、前記調整機構部を作動させてコンケーブとマントル間の隙間の広狭を調整して、所望の大きさの破砕片が得られるようにするものである。 In addition, the crushing apparatus according to the present invention optionally includes a control unit that controls the operation of at least the adjustment mechanism, and the control unit controls the size of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing the object to be crushed. Acquisition of information related to the distribution situation, and based on the information, operating the adjustment mechanism to adjust the width of the gap between the concave and the mantle so that the desired size of fragments can be obtained. is.

このように本発明によれば、調整機構部を制御する制御部を設け、破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報から、コンケーブとマントルとの間隔が適切となるように制御部で調整機構部を作動させて、破砕片が所望の大きさとなるようにすることにより、破砕結果からのフィードバックを伴う隙間調整で、破砕片の大きさの分布が期待されるものとなるようにすることができ、適切且つ効率よく所望の大きさの破砕片が得られる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a control unit is provided for controlling the adjustment mechanism unit, and the control unit adjusts the mechanism so that the interval between the concave and the mantle is appropriate based on the information related to the distribution of the size of the crushed pieces. By actuating the unit to achieve the desired size of the fragments, the gap adjustment with feedback from the results of the fragmentation can provide the expected distribution of fragment sizes. It is possible to obtain crushed pieces of a desired size appropriately and efficiently.

また、本発明に係る破砕装置は必要に応じて、前記上部フレーム又は下部フレームが、上側分割体と下側分割体からなる上下分割構造とされ、前記調整機構部が、前記上側分割体と下側分割体との間に挿入されたくさび状の調整片と、当該調整片を移動させる所定のアクチュエータとを有し、当該アクチュエータで調整片の挿入度合いを変えて、調整片に上側で接する上側分割体の上下方向位置を変化させ、上側分割体と共に上部フレームのコンケーブ支持部分を上下方向に移動させるものである。 Further, in the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, the upper frame or the lower frame may have a vertically split structure comprising an upper split body and a lower split body, and the adjustment mechanism may include the upper split body and the lower split body. A wedge-shaped adjusting piece inserted between the side split body and a predetermined actuator for moving the adjusting piece. By changing the vertical position of the divided body, the concave supporting portion of the upper frame is moved vertically together with the upper divided body.

このように本発明によれば、上部フレーム又は下部フレームを上下に分割した上側分割体と下側分割体との間に調整片を挿入し、その挿入の度合いを調整して、上側分割体の上下方向位置変化を得る調整機構部を採用し、この調整機構部で上側分割体の位置を変えて、その上側の上部フレームに支持されるコンケーブを上下方向に移動させ、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の調整を行うことにより、簡略で微調整を行いやすい調整機構部とすることができ、調整に係るコストを抑えられる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the adjusting piece is inserted between the upper divided body and the lower divided body obtained by dividing the upper frame or the lower frame into upper and lower parts, and the degree of insertion is adjusted to adjust the upper divided body. Adopting an adjusting mechanism for changing the position in the vertical direction, the adjusting mechanism changes the position of the upper divided body to move the concave supported by the upper frame on the upper side in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the gap between the concave and the mantle. By performing the adjustment of , it is possible to provide an adjustment mechanism that is simple and facilitates fine adjustment, and the cost associated with the adjustment can be suppressed.

また、本発明に係る破砕装置は必要に応じて、前記上部フレーム又は下部フレームが、上側分割体と下側分割体からなる上下分割構造とされ、上側分割体と下側分割体が、所定の中心位置周りに略螺旋状に連続する面である下面と上面をそれぞれ一又は複数設けられ、上側分割体の下面と下側分割体の上面とを互いに接触させるようにされ、前記調整機構部が、前記上側分割体と下側分割体のうち一方を他方に対し前記中心位置周りに螺動させる所定のアクチュエータを有し、当該アクチュエータで上側分割体と下側分割体のうち一方を他方に対し螺動させて、上側分割体の下側分割体に対する上下方向位置を変化させ、上側分割体と共に上部フレームのコンケーブ支持部分を上下方向に移動させるものである。 In addition, in the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, the upper frame or the lower frame may have a vertically split structure comprising an upper split body and a lower split body, and the upper split body and the lower split body may be divided into predetermined One or a plurality of lower surfaces and upper surfaces, which are surfaces that continue in a substantially spiral shape around a central position, are provided, and the lower surface of the upper divided body and the upper surface of the lower divided body are brought into contact with each other, and the adjustment mechanism part is provided with: and a predetermined actuator for screwing one of the upper divided body and the lower divided body with respect to the other around the center position, wherein the actuator rotates one of the upper divided body and the lower divided body with respect to the other. By screwing, the vertical position of the upper divided body with respect to the lower divided body is changed, and the concave support portion of the upper frame is moved vertically together with the upper divided body.

このように本発明によれば、上部フレーム又は下部フレームを上下に分割した上側分割体と下側分割体における相互の接触面をそれぞれ略螺旋状とし、分割体の一方を螺動させて、上側分割体の下側分割体に対する上下方向位置変化を得る調整機構部を採用し、分割体の螺動における回転成分の変位を調整して、分割体上側の上部フレームに支持されるコンケーブを上下方向に移動させ、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の調整を行うことにより、調整機構部の可動部分における位置変化の横方向成分をフレーム外周に沿うものとして調整機構部の可動部分の破砕装置外方への突出量を抑えることができ、調整機構部をコンパクトに構成でき、調整機構部による破砕装置の占有スペース増大を回避できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the mutual contact surfaces of the upper divided body and the lower divided body obtained by dividing the upper frame or the lower frame into upper and lower parts are each formed in a substantially spiral shape, and one of the divided bodies is screwed to move the upper side. Adopting an adjustment mechanism that obtains a change in the vertical position of the divided body with respect to the lower divided body, the displacement of the rotational component in the screwing of the divided body is adjusted to vertically move the concave supported by the upper frame on the upper side of the divided body. By adjusting the gap between the concave and the mantle, the horizontal component of the positional change in the movable part of the adjustment mechanism is assumed to be along the outer circumference of the frame, and the movable part of the adjustment mechanism moves to the outside of the crushing device. The amount of protrusion can be suppressed, the adjustment mechanism can be configured compactly, and an increase in the space occupied by the crushing device due to the adjustment mechanism can be avoided.

また、本発明に係る破砕装置は必要に応じて、前記上部フレームに一端部を、前記下部フレームに他端部をそれぞれ取り付けられて、上部フレーム及び下部フレームの外側に配設され、一端部と他端部の間隔を変化させて、上部フレームを下部フレームに対し隙間なく密着させた状態及び上昇させて隙間を生じさせた状態でそれぞれ保持可能な、一又は複数の流体圧シリンダを備え、前記制御部が、破砕装置の稼動中に、前記調整機構部を作動させて上部フレームのコンケーブ支持部分を移動させるのに合わせて、前記流体圧シリンダによる上部フレームの下部フレームへの密着状態の保持力を調整機構部が作動可能となる程度に弱める制御を行うものである。 In addition, the crushing device according to the present invention may be arranged outside the upper frame and the lower frame with one end attached to the upper frame and the other end attached to the lower frame. one or a plurality of fluid pressure cylinders capable of holding the upper frame in close contact with the lower frame without a gap by changing the interval of the other end and in a state where the upper frame is lifted to create a gap; When the control unit operates the adjustment mechanism to move the concave support portion of the upper frame while the crushing device is in operation, the force of holding the upper frame in close contact with the lower frame by the fluid pressure cylinder. is weakened to the extent that the adjustment mechanism can operate.

このように本発明によれば、上部フレームに一端部を、下部フレームに他端部をそれぞれ取付けられる流体圧シリンダで、下部フレームに対する上部フレームの位置を切替可能とすると共に、破砕装置稼動中に調整機構部を作動させる場合には、上部フレームを下部フレームに対し密着させた状態を保持する流体圧シリンダの制御を制御部で行い、調整機構部が作動してコンケーブを移動させることが可能となるように流体圧シリンダの保持具合を調整することにより、稼働時に上部フレームと下部フレームとの間に隙間が生じないよう流体圧シリンダで保持する状態を維持しつつ、調整機構部でコンケーブとマントルとの間の隙間を調整する場合には、流体圧シリンダの保持力を一時的に弱めて調整機構部を作動させられることとなり、調整機構部の作動によるスムーズな隙間調整と、上部フレームと下部フレームとの密着の維持による破砕片の外部への飛散防止状態維持を両立できる。 Thus, according to the present invention, the position of the upper frame with respect to the lower frame can be switched by means of the fluid pressure cylinders, one end of which is attached to the upper frame, and the other end of which is attached to the lower frame. When the adjustment mechanism is operated, the control unit controls the fluid pressure cylinder that keeps the upper frame in close contact with the lower frame, and the adjustment mechanism operates to move the concave. By adjusting the holding condition of the fluid pressure cylinder so that there is no gap between the upper frame and the lower frame during operation, while maintaining the state of holding by the fluid pressure cylinder so that the concave and mantle are When adjusting the gap between the upper frame and the lower frame, the holding force of the fluid pressure cylinder is temporarily weakened and the adjustment mechanism is operated. By maintaining close contact with the frame, it is possible to maintain a state in which the broken pieces are prevented from scattering to the outside.

本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置の概略構成説明図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is schematic structure explanatory drawing of the crushing apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における要部拡大断面図である。1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a crushing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部の配置状態説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the arrangement state of the adjustment mechanism section in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における下部フレームの上側分割体、上部フレーム、及びコンケーブの上移動状態説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of upward movement state of the upper divided body of the lower frame, the upper frame, and the concave in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における下部フレームの上側分割体、上部フレーム、及びコンケーブの下移動状態説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a downward movement state of the upper divided body of the lower frame, the upper frame, and the concave in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における上側分割体及び下側分割体の側方への調整機構部の配設状態説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an arrangement state of adjustment mechanisms for lateral adjustment of the upper divided body and the lower divided body in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部による上側分割体の上移動状態説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an upward movement state of the upper split body by the adjustment mechanism in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部による上側分割体の下移動状態説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a downward movement state of the upper divided body by the adjustment mechanism in the crushing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部の配置状態説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of the adjustment mechanism in the crushing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る破砕装置における上側分割体及び下側分割体の側方への調整機構部の配設状態説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an arrangement state of adjustment mechanisms for laterally adjusting the upper divided body and the lower divided body in the crushing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部による上側分割体の上移動状態説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the upward movement state of the upper divided body by the adjustment mechanism in the crushing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る破砕装置における調整機構部による上側分割体の下移動状態説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a downward movement state of the upper split body by the adjustment mechanism in the crushing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

（本発明の第１の実施形態）
以下、本発明の第１の実施形態に係る破砕装置を前記図１ないし図８に基づいて説明する。本実施形態では、破砕装置がコーンクラッシャである例について説明する。 (First embodiment of the present invention)
A crushing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG. In this embodiment, an example in which the crushing device is a cone crusher will be described.

前記各図において本実施形態に係る破砕装置１０は、軸方向を垂直方向から所定角度傾斜させて上端部を中心に旋動可能に支持される主軸１１と、この主軸１１を中心に貫通させて主軸１１上部に取り付けられる略円錐状のコア部１２と、このコア部１２の外周に取り付けられて円錐面状に配置されるマントル１３と、このマントル１３を取り囲むようにして円錐面状に固定配置されるコンケーブ１４と、このコンケーブ１４の外周を取り囲むように配設され、コンケーブ１４を支持する上部フレーム１５と、この上部フレーム１５の下側に配設され、上部フレーム１５を支持する下部フレーム１６と、この下部フレーム１６に設けられ、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整可能とする調整機構部１７と、上部フレーム１５に一端部を、下部フレーム１６に他端部をそれぞれ取り付けられて、上部フレーム１５及び下部フレーム１６の外側に複数配設される流体圧シリンダ１８と、調整機構部１７や流体圧シリンダ１８の作動を制御する制御部１９とを備える構成である。 In each figure, the crushing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a main shaft 11 which is rotatably supported around the upper end portion with its axial direction inclined at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction, and a main shaft 11 which is passed through the main shaft 11 as a center. A substantially conical core portion 12 attached to the upper portion of the main shaft 11, a mantle 13 attached to the outer periphery of the core portion 12 and arranged in a conical surface shape, and a fixed arrangement in a conical surface shape surrounding the mantle 13. an upper frame 15 arranged to surround the outer periphery of the concave 14 and supporting the concave 14; and a lower frame 16 arranged below the upper frame 15 and supporting the upper frame 15. and an adjustment mechanism portion 17 provided on the lower frame 16 and capable of adjusting the width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, and one end attached to the upper frame 15 and the other end attached to the lower frame 16, respectively. It is composed of a plurality of fluid pressure cylinders 18 arranged outside the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 and a control portion 19 for controlling the operation of the adjustment mechanism portion 17 and the fluid pressure cylinders 18 .

本実施形態の破砕装置１０は、上部フレーム１５に固定されたコンケーブ１４に対し主軸１１と一体のコア部１２及びマントル１３を旋動させ、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３との間に供給される破砕対象物を破砕するものである。破砕装置各部の機構については、下部フレーム１６における上部フレーム近傍部分（上側分割体）や、下部フレーム１６に設けられる調整機構部１７、及び制御部１９での制御内容を除いて、公知のコーンクラッシャと同様のものであり、詳細な説明を省略する。 The crushing device 10 of this embodiment rotates the core portion 12 and the mantle 13 integral with the main shaft 11 with respect to the concave 14 fixed to the upper frame 15, and the crushed object is supplied between the concave 14 and the mantle 13. It crushes things. Regarding the mechanism of each part of the crushing device, except for the part near the upper frame (upper divided body) of the lower frame 16, the adjustment mechanism part 17 provided on the lower frame 16, and the control contents of the control part 19, a known cone crusher , and detailed description thereof is omitted.

前記下部フレーム１６は、上部フレーム１５の下側に配設され、上部フレーム１５を隙間なく密着させた状態で直接支持すると共に、流体圧シリンダ１８で上部フレーム１５を上昇させて上下フレーム間に隙間を生じさせた状態では、流体圧シリンダ１８を介して上部フレーム１５を支持可能とされる構成である。 The lower frame 16 is arranged below the upper frame 15 and directly supports the upper frame 15 in close contact with the upper frame 15 without any gap. is generated, the upper frame 15 can be supported via the fluid pressure cylinder 18 .

この下部フレーム１６は、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂとからなる上下分割構造とされる。詳細には、下部フレーム１６における、コア部１２を取り囲む略円筒状の外殻部分の上部において上下に分割された構造とされ、上側が上側分割体１６ａ、下側が下側分割体１６ｂとされる構成である。そして、下部フレーム１６における、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂとの間に、調整機構部１７の調整片１７ａが挿入配設される。 The lower frame 16 has a vertically divided structure consisting of an upper divided body 16a and a lower divided body 16b. Specifically, the lower frame 16 has a structure in which the upper portion of the substantially cylindrical outer shell portion surrounding the core portion 12 is divided into upper and lower parts, with the upper side being an upper divided body 16a and the lower side being a lower side divided body 16b. Configuration. An adjusting piece 17a of the adjusting mechanism 17 is inserted between the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b of the lower frame 16. As shown in FIG.

下側分割体１６ｂは、下部フレーム要部として据付け固定され、主軸１１やコア部１２を支えるものである。この下側分割体１６ｂに対し、上側分割体１６ａは可動とされ、下部フレーム１６最上部として上部フレーム１５に接する構成である。上側分割体１６ａの上端部は、上部フレーム１５の下端部の形状に対応する円錐面状に形成され、上部フレーム１５と隙間なく密着可能とされる。 The lower divided body 16b is installed and fixed as a main part of the lower frame, and supports the main shaft 11 and the core part 12. As shown in FIG. The upper divided body 16a is movable with respect to the lower divided body 16b, and is configured to be in contact with the upper frame 15 as the uppermost part of the lower frame 16. As shown in FIG. The upper end portion of the upper divided body 16a is formed in a conical surface shape corresponding to the shape of the lower end portion of the upper frame 15 so that it can be brought into close contact with the upper frame 15 without any gap.

また、上側分割体１６ａは、所定の中心位置、例えば、円筒形をなす下部フレーム上部における円筒中心位置、の周りに回転対称として複数配置された傾斜面である下面１６ｃを、調整機構部１７の調整片１７ａにおける傾いた上面と、それぞれ接触させるようにされる。 The upper divided body 16a has a lower surface 16c, which is a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged rotationally symmetrically around a predetermined central position, for example, the central position of the cylinder in the upper part of the cylindrical lower frame. They are brought into contact with the inclined upper surfaces of the adjusting pieces 17a.

下側分割体１６ｂは、前記所定の中心位置周りに配置された水平面である上面１６ｄを、調整片１７ａにおける下面と、それぞれ接触させるようにされる。こうして下側分割体１６ｂは、その上面１６ｄに載置される調整片１７ａや上側分割体１６ａを介して上部フレーム１５を下から支持することとなる。 The lower divided body 16b is arranged so that the upper surface 16d, which is a horizontal surface arranged around the predetermined central position, is brought into contact with the lower surface of the adjusting piece 17a. Thus, the lower divided body 16b supports the upper frame 15 from below via the adjustment piece 17a and the upper divided body 16a placed on the upper surface 16d thereof.

この他、上側分割体１６ａは、その下部の内周側に所定高さの円筒面状の接触面１６ｅを有する。同様に、下側分割体１６ｂは、前記上面１６ｄに交わる面となる所定高さの円筒面状の接触面１６ｆを有する。これら上側分割体１６ａの接触面１６ｅと下側分割体１６ｂの接触面１６ｆとが常に接触することで、下側分割体１６ｂに対し上側分割体１６ａが上下方向に動ける一方、上側分割体１６ａの上下方向以外の動きを拘束して、上側分割体１６ａの横方向へのずれを許容しない構成である。加えて、下側分割体１６ｂに対し上側分割体１６ａが上下方向に動いても、前記接触面１６ｅ、１６ｆ同士の接触が維持されることで、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂとの間に、フレーム外側から内側に通じる隙間が生じないようにされる。 In addition, the upper split body 16a has a cylindrical contact surface 16e with a predetermined height on the inner peripheral side of its lower portion. Similarly, the lower divided body 16b has a cylindrical contact surface 16f with a predetermined height that intersects with the upper surface 16d. Since the contact surface 16e of the upper divided body 16a and the contact surface 16f of the lower divided body 16b are always in contact with each other, the upper divided body 16a can move vertically with respect to the lower divided body 16b. This structure restricts movement in directions other than the vertical direction and does not allow lateral displacement of the upper divided body 16a. In addition, even if the upper split body 16a moves in the vertical direction with respect to the lower split body 16b, the contact surfaces 16e and 16f are maintained in contact with each other. A gap leading from the outside to the inside of the frame is prevented from being generated therebetween.

前記調整機構部１７は、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂとの間に挿入されるくさび状の調整片１７ａと、この調整片１７ａを移動させる所定のアクチュエータ１７ｂとを有してなり、下部フレーム１６に設けられる構成である。 The adjustment mechanism part 17 has a wedge-shaped adjustment piece 17a inserted between the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b, and a predetermined actuator 17b for moving the adjustment piece 17a. It is a configuration provided in the lower frame 16 .

詳細には、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂは、下部フレーム１６の下側分割体１６ｂに一端を取り付けられる直動型アクチュエータ、例えば、油圧シリンダなどであり、他端に調整片１７ａを取り付けられる構成である。アクチュエータ１７ｂは、作動に伴う伸縮等によりその一端部と他端部の間隔を変化させることで、上側分割体１６ａ及び下側分割体１６ｂに対する調整片１７ａの位置関係を調整できる。 More specifically, the actuator 17b of the adjustment mechanism 17 is a direct-acting actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is attached to the lower divided body 16b of the lower frame 16, and the other end of which the adjustment piece 17a is attached. is. The actuator 17b can adjust the positional relationship of the adjustment piece 17a with respect to the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b by changing the distance between one end and the other end by expansion and contraction or the like accompanying operation.

また、調整機構部１７の調整片１７ａは、その傾いた上面を、上側分割体１６ａの下面１６ｃに接触させる一方、調整片１７ａの下面を下側分割体１６ｂの水平面である上面１６ｄに接触させており、この調整片１７ａの位置を変化させ、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂに対する挿入度合いを変えると、傾斜する下面１６ｃで調整片１７ａと接する上側分割体１６ａに上下方向の変位を生じさせることができる（図６、図７、図８参照）。 The adjusting piece 17a of the adjusting mechanism 17 has its inclined upper surface brought into contact with the lower surface 16c of the upper divided body 16a, while the lower surface of the adjusting piece 17a comes into contact with the horizontal upper surface 16d of the lower divided body 16b. When the position of the adjusting piece 17a is changed to change the degree of insertion into the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b, the upper divided body 16a, which is in contact with the adjusting piece 17a at the inclined lower surface 16c, is displaced in the vertical direction. can be generated (see FIGS. 6, 7 and 8).

このように、調整機構部１７は、アクチュエータ１７ｂで調整片１７ａの挿入度合いを調整して、調整片１７ａに上側で接する上側分割体１６ａの上下方向位置を変化させることで、下部フレーム１６と上部フレーム１５、すなわち、上側分割体１６ａと上部フレーム１５が当接密着する状況においては、上側分割体１６ａと共に上部フレーム１５を上下方向に移動させられる仕組みである。 In this manner, the adjustment mechanism 17 adjusts the degree of insertion of the adjustment piece 17a by the actuator 17b, and changes the vertical position of the upper divided body 16a that is in contact with the adjustment piece 17a at the upper side. When the frame 15, that is, the upper divided body 16a and the upper frame 15 are in close contact with each other, the upper frame 15 is vertically moved together with the upper divided body 16a.

これにより、調整機構部１７は、破砕装置が稼働し、破砕に係る各機構が作動する中にあっても、上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６間に外部に通じる隙間がない状態を維持しつつ、上部フレーム１５を上下方向に移動させ、この上部フレーム１５に支持されるコンケーブ１４を動かして、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整可能としている。 As a result, the adjustment mechanism 17 maintains a state in which there is no gap leading to the outside between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 even while the crushing device is in operation and each mechanism related to crushing is operating. The width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 can be adjusted by moving the upper frame 15 in the vertical direction to move the concave 14 supported by the upper frame 15 .

なお、調整片１７ａの上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂ間への挿入の向きは、特に制限されないものの、油圧シリンダ等のアクチュエータ１７ｂが下部フレーム１６の外方に突出して無駄にスペースを占有しないよう、図３に示すように、下部フレーム１６の外周に対する接線方向に沿ってアクチュエータ１７ｂが位置するように、調整機構部１７を配置するのが望ましい。 Although the direction of insertion of the adjusting piece 17a between the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b is not particularly limited, the actuator 17b such as a hydraulic cylinder protrudes outward from the lower frame 16 and occupies useless space. In order to avoid this, it is desirable to arrange the adjustment mechanism 17 so that the actuator 17b is positioned along the tangential direction to the outer circumference of the lower frame 16, as shown in FIG.

また、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂの配置によっては、アクチュエータ１７ｂを作動させた際に、上側分割体１６ａにこれを回転させようとする力が加わるため、上側分割体１６他の不要な動きの発生を避けたい場合には、上側分割体１６を上下移動のみ許容する状態に拘束する回り止め等の機構を設けるのが望ましい。 In addition, depending on the arrangement of the actuator 17b of the adjusting mechanism 17, when the actuator 17b is operated, a force is applied to rotate the upper divided body 16a. If it is desired to avoid this occurrence, it is desirable to provide a mechanism such as a detent that restrains the upper split body 16 in a state in which only vertical movement is permitted.

前記流体圧シリンダ１８は、上部フレーム１５に一端部を、下部フレーム１６に他端部をそれぞれ取り付けられて、上部フレーム１５及び下部フレーム１６の外側に複数配設される構成である。 One end of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is attached to the upper frame 15 and the other end is attached to the lower frame 16 .

流体圧シリンダ１８は、その一端部と他端部の間隔を変化させることで、上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６との位置関係を調整することができ、一端部と他端部の間隔を小さくし、上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム１６に隙間なく密着させた状態、及び、一端部と他端部の間隔を大きくし、上部フレーム１５を上昇させて上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６との間に隙間を生じさせた状態、を得ることができ、且つ、これら二つの状態をそれぞれ保持可能とされる。 By changing the distance between one end and the other end of the fluid pressure cylinder 18, the positional relationship between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 can be adjusted, and the distance between the one end and the other end can be reduced. , the upper frame 15 is closely attached to the lower frame 16 without a gap, and the gap between the one end and the other end is increased, and the upper frame 15 is raised to create a gap between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16. , and can hold each of these two states.

この流体圧シリンダ１８では、破砕作業中、上部フレーム１５側の一端部と下部フレーム１６側の他端部を近付ける向きに力を加えて、上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム１６に隙間なく密着させた状態とすることで、上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６間に隙間を生じさせず、破砕で生じた破砕片の装置外への飛散を防止できる。 In this fluid pressure cylinder 18, during the crushing operation, a force is applied in a direction in which one end portion on the upper frame 15 side and the other end portion on the lower frame 16 side approach each other, and the upper frame 15 is brought into close contact with the lower frame 16 without a gap. By doing so, a gap is not formed between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16, and the scattering of fragments generated by crushing to the outside of the apparatus can be prevented.

一方、破砕対象物が細かく破砕されず、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３が破砕対象物を噛み込んだ状態となって、破砕が滞った場合には、破砕装置の破砕に係る作動が停止する一方、流体圧シリンダ１８が作動し、上部フレーム１５側の一端部と下部フレーム１６側の他端部を離す向きに力を加えて、上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム１６に対し遠ざけることとなる。これにより、破砕対象物を噛み込んだコンケーブ１４とマントル１３との間隔を広げて、破砕対象物を除去できる。 On the other hand, when the object to be crushed is not finely crushed, and the concave 14 and the mantle 13 are caught in the object to be crushed and the crushing is delayed, the crushing operation of the crushing device is stopped, while the fluid The pressure cylinder 18 is actuated to apply force in a direction separating one end on the upper frame 15 side and the other end on the lower frame 16 side, thereby moving the upper frame 15 away from the lower frame 16 . As a result, the distance between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, in which the object to be crushed is caught, is widened, and the object to be crushed can be removed.

前記制御部１９は、調整機構部１７や流体圧シリンダ１８の作動を制御するものである。
詳細には、制御部１９は、破砕対象物を破砕して得られた破砕片の大きさの分布状況を把握した所定の測定装置５０から、破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報を取得し、この情報に基づいて、調整機構部１７を作動させる、具体的には、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂを作動させて調整片１７ａを動かし、下部フレーム１６の上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂに対する調整片１７ａの挿入度合いを変えて、上側分割体１６ａに上下方向の変位が生じるよう制御する。これにより、上部フレーム１５が動き、この上部フレーム１５のコンケーブ支持部分の移動に伴わせてコンケーブ１４の上下方向位置が変化し、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３との間隔が調整され、所望の大きさの破砕片が得られるようにしている。 The control section 19 controls the operation of the adjustment mechanism section 17 and the fluid pressure cylinder 18 .
Specifically, the control unit 19 acquires information on the size distribution of the crushed pieces from the predetermined measuring device 50 that grasps the size distribution of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing the object to be crushed. Then, based on this information, the adjustment mechanism 17 is operated, specifically, the actuator 17b of the adjustment mechanism 17 is operated to move the adjustment piece 17a, thereby separating the upper division 16a and the lower division of the lower frame 16. By changing the degree of insertion of the adjusting piece 17a into the body 16b, the upper divided body 16a is controlled to be vertically displaced. As a result, the upper frame 15 moves, and the vertical position of the concave 14 changes in accordance with the movement of the concave support portion of the upper frame 15, thereby adjusting the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 to achieve a desired size. I'm trying to get the shredded pieces.

また、制御部１９は、流体圧シリンダ１８を作動させ、流体圧シリンダ１８の一端部と他端部の間隔を変化させて、上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム１６に対し隙間なく密着させた状態と、上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム１６に対し上昇させて上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６間に隙間を生じさせた状態とを切り替える制御を行う。 In addition, the control unit 19 operates the fluid pressure cylinder 18 to change the distance between one end and the other end of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 so that the upper frame 15 is brought into close contact with the lower frame 16 without any gap; Control is performed to switch between a state in which the upper frame 15 is lifted with respect to the lower frame 16 to create a gap between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 .

この他、制御部１９は、破砕装置の稼動中、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂで調整片１７ａを動かし、上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂに対する調整片１７ａの挿入度合いを変え、上側分割体１６ａに上下方向の変位を生じさせて、上部フレーム１５のコンケーブ支持部分を移動させるのに合わせて、流体圧シリンダ１８についても作動制御を実行する。 In addition, the control unit 19 moves the adjusting piece 17a with the actuator 17b of the adjusting mechanism unit 17 to change the degree of insertion of the adjusting piece 17a into the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b while the crushing apparatus is in operation. As the body 16a is vertically displaced to move the concave support portion of the upper frame 15, the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is also controlled to operate.

詳細には、破砕装置の稼動中、流体圧シリンダ１８における上部フレーム１５の下部フレーム１６への密着状態を保持しようとする力は、調整機構部１７の調整片１７ａを動かして上側分割体１６ａに上方向の変位を生じさせる場合に、抵抗力として作用することとなる。このため、制御部１９は、流体圧シリンダ１８が発生させる力について、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂが調整片１７ａを動かして上側分割体１６ａに上方向の変位を生じさせることができ、且つ、上部フレーム１５の下部フレーム１６への密着状態はそのまま保持できる程度まで、力を弱めるよう制御する。 Specifically, during the operation of the crusher, the force of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 to keep the upper frame 15 in close contact with the lower frame 16 moves the adjusting piece 17a of the adjusting mechanism 17 to move the upper split body 16a. When causing upward displacement, it acts as a resistive force. Therefore, the control unit 19 can cause the actuator 17b of the adjustment mechanism unit 17 to move the adjustment piece 17a to cause the upper divided body 16a to be displaced upward with respect to the force generated by the fluid pressure cylinder 18, and The force is reduced to such an extent that the contact state of the upper frame 15 to the lower frame 16 can be maintained.

次に、前記構成に基づく破砕装置の破砕作業時における隙間調整について説明する。前提として、破砕装置１０はマントル１３及びコア部１２を旋動させており、破砕対象物をマントル１３とコンケーブ１４との間で継続的に破砕可能な状態にあるものとする。 Next, the gap adjustment during the crushing operation of the crushing device based on the above configuration will be described. As a premise, the crushing device 10 rotates the mantle 13 and the core portion 12, and is in a state in which the crushing target can be continuously crushed between the mantle 13 and the concave 14. FIG.

制御部１９が流体圧シリンダ１８の作動を制御し、流体圧シリンダ１８により上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６は隙間なく密着した状態となっている中、破砕装置１０の破砕実行に係る作動としてコア部１２が旋動すると、装置上方から投入されて、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間に達した破砕対象物が破砕される。破砕された後の破砕片は、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間を抜け、下部フレーム２６内側の通路を経て装置外に排出される。 The control unit 19 controls the operation of the fluid pressure cylinder 18, and the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 are in close contact with each other by the fluid pressure cylinder 18. When 12 rotates, the object to be crushed that reaches between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 is crushed by being thrown from above the device. After being crushed, the crushed pieces pass between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, pass through a passage inside the lower frame 26, and are discharged out of the apparatus.

破砕装置による破砕後、破砕で得られた破砕片の大きさの分布が測定装置５０により測定されており、制御部１９は、測定装置５０から破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報を取得する。制御部１９は、この情報を参照し、破砕片の大きさが所望の値からずれている場合には、摩耗等によりコンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間が当初の値から変化したと判定し、制御部１９は、調整機構部１７を作動させて下部フレーム１６の上側分割体１６ａと下側分割体１６ｂ間に挿入された調整片１７ａの位置をずらし、上側分割体１６ａとその上側の上部フレーム１５を上下方向に変位させ、コンケーブ１４を動かしてコンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整する。 After crushing by the crushing device, the size distribution of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing is measured by the measuring device 50, and the control unit 19 acquires information on the size distribution of the crushed pieces from the measuring device 50. do. The control unit 19 refers to this information and determines that the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 has changed from the initial value due to wear or the like when the size of the crushed pieces deviates from the desired value. The control unit 19 operates the adjustment mechanism unit 17 to shift the position of the adjustment piece 17a inserted between the upper divided body 16a and the lower divided body 16b of the lower frame 16, thereby displacing the upper divided body 16a and the upper frame above it. 15 is vertically displaced to move the concave 14 to adjust the width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 .

破砕片１７ｂの大きさが小さい側にずれている場合には、制御部１９は、隙間が過小である（狭すぎる）と判定して、上部フレーム１５とコンケーブ１４を上げて隙間を大きくする（広げる）ように上側分割体１６ａを上方へ動かす（図４参照）。この場合、調整片１７ａを前進させて上側分割体１６ａを上げるために、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂを伸長側に作動させる（図７参照）。 When the size of the crushed pieces 17b is deviated to the small side, the control unit 19 determines that the gap is too small (too narrow) and raises the upper frame 15 and the concave 14 to increase the gap ( (See FIG. 4). In this case, the actuator 17b of the adjustment mechanism 17 is operated to the extension side in order to advance the adjustment piece 17a and raise the upper divided body 16a (see FIG. 7).

一方、破砕片１７ｂの大きさが大きい側にずれている場合には、制御部１９は、隙間が過大である（広すぎる）と判定して、上部フレーム１５とコンケーブ１４を下げて隙間を小さくする（狭める）ように上側分割体１６ａを下方へ動かす（図５参照）。この場合、調整片１７ａを後退させて上側分割体１６ａを下げるために、調整機構部１７のアクチュエータ１７ｂを縮長側に作動させる（図８参照）。
これらの調整は、破砕で得られた破砕片の大きさの分布を測定した測定結果から、破砕片の大きさが当初の設定範囲に戻ったと制御部１９で判断するまで続けられる。 On the other hand, when the size of the crushed pieces 17b is shifted to the larger side, the control unit 19 determines that the gap is excessive (too wide), and lowers the upper frame 15 and the concave 14 to reduce the gap. The upper split body 16a is moved downward so as to narrow it (see FIG. 5). In this case, the actuator 17b of the adjusting mechanism 17 is actuated to the retraction side in order to retract the adjusting piece 17a and lower the upper divided body 16a (see FIG. 8).
These adjustments are continued until the control unit 19 determines that the size of the crushed pieces has returned to the initial set range based on the measurement result of the size distribution of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing.

こうして調整機構部１７を作動させる際には、制御部１９は、流体圧シリンダ１８の作動制御を行い、この流体圧シリンダ１８による上部フレーム１５の下部フレーム１６への密着状態を保持する力を少し弱めて、流体圧シリンダ１８の若干の伸長を伴いつつ、調整機構部１７の作動に基づいて上側分割体１６ａが上方向に変位し、上部フレーム１５のコンケーブ支持部分を移動させて隙間調整が無理なく行えるようにしている。 When the adjustment mechanism 17 is operated in this way, the control unit 19 controls the operation of the fluid pressure cylinder 18, and slightly reduces the force of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 that keeps the upper frame 15 in close contact with the lower frame 16. The upper split body 16a is displaced upward based on the operation of the adjustment mechanism 17 while the hydraulic pressure cylinder 18 is slightly extended. It is possible to do it without

このように、本実施形態に係る破砕装置においては、上部フレーム１５を下から支える下部フレーム１６に、上部フレーム１５とこれに支持されるコンケーブ１４を上下方向に移動可能とする調整機構部１７を設け、この調整機構部１７で上部フレーム１５ごとコンケーブ１４を上下方向に動かして、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整可能とすることから、既存のコンケーブ位置調整機構を用いることなく隙間調整が行え、また、調整に際し上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム１６との間に隙間を設けずに済み、装置の作動中でも問題なく調整でき、破砕対象物や破砕装置の状態、例えば、コンケーブ１４やマントル１３の摩耗状態等、の変化に対応する調整を行って、破砕で得られる破砕片の大きさを適切なものとすることができる。さらに、破砕に係る作動中にもコンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間を調整できるため、作動中の破砕装置を隙間調整のために停止させずに済み、破砕装置として破砕作業を安定して継続可能となり、効率よく破砕を進められる。 As described above, in the crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the lower frame 16 that supports the upper frame 15 from below is provided with the adjustment mechanism 17 that allows the upper frame 15 and the concave 14 supported by the upper frame 15 to move vertically. The adjusting mechanism 17 moves the concave 14 together with the upper frame 15 in the vertical direction to adjust the width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, so that the gap can be adjusted without using an existing concave position adjusting mechanism. The adjustment can be performed without providing a gap between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 16 at the time of adjustment, and the adjustment can be performed without problems even during the operation of the device, and the state of the crushing object and the crushing device, for example, the concave 14 and the mantle. Adjustments can be made to accommodate changes in wear conditions, such as 13, to optimize the size of the fragments obtained by crushing. Furthermore, since the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 can be adjusted even during the operation related to crushing, the crushing device in operation does not need to be stopped to adjust the gap, and the crushing work can be stably continued as a crushing device. As a result, crushing can proceed efficiently.

（本発明の第２の実施形態）
本発明の第２の実施形態に係る破砕装置を前記図９ないし図１２に基づいて説明する。
前記各図において本実施形態に係る破砕装置１０は、前記第１の実施形態と同様、主軸１１と、コア部１２と、マントル１３と、コンケーブ１４と、上部フレーム１５と、下部フレーム２６と、調整機構部２７と、流体圧シリンダ１８と、制御部１９とを備える一方、異なる構成として、調整機構部２７が下部フレーム２６における上側分割体２６ａを下側分割体２６ｂに対し螺動させる機構とされ、この螺動により下側分割体２６ｂに対し上側分割体２６ａを上下方向にわずかに変位可能とする構成を有するものである。
本実施形態において、下部フレーム２６と調整機構部２７以外の構成については前記第１の実施形態同様であり、詳細な説明を省略する。 (Second embodiment of the present invention)
A crushing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12. FIG.
As in the first embodiment, the crushing device 10 according to the present embodiment in each of the figures includes a main shaft 11, a core portion 12, a mantle 13, a concave 14, an upper frame 15, a lower frame 26, While the adjustment mechanism portion 27, the fluid pressure cylinder 18, and the control portion 19 are provided, as a different configuration, the adjustment mechanism portion 27 has a mechanism for screwing the upper divided body 26a of the lower frame 26 with respect to the lower divided body 26b. By this screw movement, the upper split body 26a can be slightly displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the lower split body 26b.
In this embodiment, the configuration other than the lower frame 26 and the adjusting mechanism 27 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

前記下部フレーム２６は、前記第１の実施形態同様、上部フレーム１５と密着可能とされる上側分割体２６ａと、下部フレーム要部として据付け固定される下側分割体２６ｂとからなる上下分割構造とされる一方、異なる点として、上側分割体２６ａと下側分割体２６ｂが、略螺旋状に連続する面である下面２６ｃと上面２６ｄとを直接接触させて配設される構成を有するものである。 As in the first embodiment, the lower frame 26 has an upper and lower divided structure composed of an upper divided body 26a that can be in close contact with the upper frame 15 and a lower divided body 26b that is installed and fixed as a main part of the lower frame. On the other hand, as a different point, the upper divided body 26a and the lower divided body 26b have a configuration in which the lower surface 26c and the upper surface 26d, which are substantially spirally continuous surfaces, are in direct contact with each other. .

上側分割体２６ａは、その下部に、所定の中心位置、例えば、円筒形をなす下部フレーム２６上部における円筒中心位置、の周りに、略螺旋状に連続する面である下面２６ｃを複数設けられる。 The upper divided body 26a is provided with a plurality of lower surfaces 26c which are substantially spirally continuous around a predetermined central position, for example, the central position of the cylinder in the upper part of the lower frame 26 having a cylindrical shape.

また、下側分割体２６ｂは、上側分割体２６ａの下側に位置する上部に、上側分割体２６ａの下面２６ｃに対応して、前記中心位置周りに略螺旋状に連続する面である上面２６ｄを複数設けられる。 In addition, the lower divided body 26b has an upper surface 26d which is a surface which continues in a substantially spiral shape around the center position corresponding to the lower surface 26c of the upper divided body 26a to the upper portion located on the lower side of the upper divided body 26a. can be provided multiple times.

下部フレーム２６として上側分割体２６ａと下側分割体２６ｂとを組み合わせた状態では、上側分割体２６ａの下面２６ｃと下側分割体２６ｂの上面２６ｄとが接触する。そして、下側分割体２６ｂは、その上面２６ｄに載置される上側分割体２６ａを介して上部フレーム１５を下から支持することとなる。 When the upper divided body 26a and the lower divided body 26b are combined as the lower frame 26, the lower surface 26c of the upper divided body 26a and the upper surface 26d of the lower divided body 26b are in contact with each other. The lower divided body 26b supports the upper frame 15 from below via the upper divided body 26a placed on the upper surface 26d.

この他、上側分割体２６ａと下側分割体２６ｂは、前記第１の実施形態同様に、円筒面状とされる所定高さの接触面をそれぞれ有しており、これら上側分割体２６ａの接触面と下側分割体２６ｂの接触面とを接触状態とすることで、下側分割体２６ｂに対し上側分割体２６ａが螺動可能である一方、上側分割体２６ａの螺動以外の動きは抑えられる。また、下側分割体２６ｂに対し上側分割体２６ａが螺動に伴い上下方向に動いても、前記接触面同士の接触が維持されることで、上側分割体２６ａと下側分割体２６ｂとの間に、フレーム外側から内側に通じる隙間が生じることはない。 In addition, the upper split body 26a and the lower split body 26b each have a cylindrical contact surface with a predetermined height, similar to the first embodiment. By bringing the surface and the contact surface of the lower divided body 26b into contact, the upper divided body 26a can be screwed with respect to the lower divided body 26b, while the movement of the upper divided body 26a other than the screwing movement is suppressed. be done. Further, even if the upper divided body 26a moves vertically with respect to the lower divided body 26b due to screwing, the contact between the contact surfaces is maintained, so that the upper divided body 26a and the lower divided body 26b are kept in contact with each other. There is no gap leading from the outside to the inside of the frame between them.

前記調整機構部２７は、上側分割体２６ａを下側分割体２６ｂに対して螺動させる所定のアクチュエータであり、下部フレーム２６に設けられる構成である。
詳細には、調整機構部２７としてのアクチュエータは、下部フレーム２６の下側分割体２６ｂに一端を取り付けられ、上側分割体２６ａに他端を取り付けられる直動型アクチュエータ、例えば、油圧シリンダなど、とされる構成である。このアクチュエータは、作動に伴う伸縮等によりその一端部と他端部の間隔を変化させることで、上側分割体２６ａを下側分割体２６ｂに対してその上面２６ｄに沿って動かす、すなわち前記中心位置周りに螺動させて、下側分割体２６ｂに対する上側分割体２６ａの上下方向位置を変化させることとなる（図１０、図１１、図１２参照）。 The adjustment mechanism portion 27 is a predetermined actuator for screwing the upper divided body 26a with respect to the lower divided body 26b, and is provided on the lower frame 26. As shown in FIG.
Specifically, the actuator as the adjustment mechanism 27 is a direct-acting actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder, whose one end is attached to the lower split body 26b of the lower frame 26 and whose other end is attached to the upper split body 26a. It is a configuration that is This actuator moves the upper divided body 26a relative to the lower divided body 26b along the upper surface 26d by changing the distance between one end and the other end by expansion and contraction or the like accompanying operation, that is, the center position. By screwing it around, the vertical position of the upper divided body 26a with respect to the lower divided body 26b is changed (see FIGS. 10, 11 and 12).

こうして、調整機構部２７は、上側分割体２６ａを螺動させ、上側分割体２６ａの上下方向位置を変化させることで、下部フレーム２６と上部フレーム１５、すなわち、上側分割体２６ａと上部フレーム１５が当接密着する状況においては、上側分割体２６ａと共に上部フレーム１５を上下方向に移動させられる仕組みである。これにより、調整機構部２７は、破砕装置が稼働し、破砕に係る各機構が作動する中にあっても、上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム２６間に外部に通じる隙間がない状態を維持しつつ、上部フレーム１５を上下方向に移動させ、この上部フレーム１５に支持されるコンケーブ１４を動かして、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整可能としている。 In this way, the adjustment mechanism 27 rotates the upper divided body 26a to change the vertical position of the upper divided body 26a so that the lower frame 26 and the upper frame 15, that is, the upper divided body 26a and the upper frame 15 are aligned. In a state of contact and close contact, the upper frame 15 is vertically moved together with the upper divided body 26a. As a result, the adjustment mechanism 27 maintains a state in which there is no gap leading to the outside between the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 26 even while the crushing device is operating and each mechanism related to crushing is operating. The width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 can be adjusted by moving the upper frame 15 in the vertical direction to move the concave 14 supported by the upper frame 15 .

前記制御部１９は、前記第１の実施形態と同様、調整機構部２７や流体圧シリンダ１８の作動を制御する構成を有する一方、異なる点として、取得した破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報に基づく調整機構部２７の作動として、調整機構部２７としてのアクチュエータを作動させて上側分割体２６ａを下側分割体２６ｂに対し前記中心位置周りに螺動させ、上側分割体２６ａに上下方向の変位が生じるよう制御する構成を有するものである。これにより、前記第１の実施形態同様に、上部フレーム１５が動き、上部フレーム１５のコンケーブ支持部分の移動に伴わせてコンケーブ１４の上下方向位置が変化し、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間が調整され、所望の大きさの破砕片が得られる仕組みである。 The control unit 19 has a configuration for controlling the operation of the adjustment mechanism unit 27 and the fluid pressure cylinder 18, as in the first embodiment. As the operation of the adjusting mechanism portion 27 based on the information, the actuator as the adjusting mechanism portion 27 is operated to screw the upper divided body 26a relative to the lower divided body 26b around the center position, thereby moving the upper divided body 26a in the vertical direction. It has a configuration to control so that the displacement of As a result, as in the first embodiment, the upper frame 15 moves, the vertical position of the concave 14 changes with the movement of the concave supporting portion of the upper frame 15, and the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 widens. It is a mechanism that can be adjusted to obtain crushed pieces of the desired size.

次に、前記構成に基づく破砕装置の破砕作業時における隙間調整について説明する。前提として、前記第１の実施形態と同様に、破砕装置はマントル１３及びコア部１２を旋動させており、破砕対象物をマントル１３とコンケーブ１４との間で継続的に破砕可能な状態にあるものとする。 Next, the gap adjustment during the crushing operation of the crushing device based on the above configuration will be described. As a premise, as in the first embodiment, the crushing device rotates the mantle 13 and the core portion 12 so that the object to be crushed can be continuously crushed between the mantle 13 and the concave 14. Assume that there is

制御部１９が流体圧シリンダ１８の作動を制御し、流体圧シリンダ１８により上部フレーム１５と下部フレーム２６は隙間なく密着した状態となっている中、破砕装置１０の破砕実行に係る作動としてコア部１２が旋動すると、上方から投入され、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間に達した破砕対象物が破砕される。破砕された後の破砕片は、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間を抜け、下部フレーム２６内側の通路を経て装置外に排出される。 The control unit 19 controls the operation of the fluid pressure cylinder 18, and the upper frame 15 and the lower frame 26 are in close contact with each other by the fluid pressure cylinder 18. When 12 turns, it is thrown in from above, and the object to be crushed that reaches between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 is crushed. After being crushed, the crushed pieces pass between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, pass through a passage inside the lower frame 26, and are discharged out of the apparatus.

前記第１の実施形態同様、破砕装置による破砕後、破砕で得られた破砕片の大きさの分布が測定装置５０により測定されており、制御部１９は、測定装置５０から破砕片の大きさの分布状況に係る情報を取得している。制御部１９は、この情報を参照し、破砕片の大きさが所望の値からずれている場合、摩耗等によりコンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間が当初の値から変化したと判定し、制御部１９は、調整機構部２７を作動させて下部フレーム２６の上側分割体２６ａを螺動させ、上部フレーム１５を上下方向に変位させ、コンケーブ１４を動かしてコンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の広狭を調整する。 As in the first embodiment, after crushing by the crushing device, the size distribution of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing is measured by the measuring device 50. We have obtained information on the distribution of The control unit 19 refers to this information and determines that the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13 has changed from the initial value due to wear or the like when the size of the crushed pieces deviates from the desired value. 19 operates the adjustment mechanism 27 to screw the upper divided body 26a of the lower frame 26, displace the upper frame 15 in the vertical direction, and move the concave 14 to adjust the width of the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13. adjust.

破砕片の大きさが小さい側にずれている場合には、制御部１９は、隙間が過小である（狭すぎる）と判定して、上部フレーム１５とコンケーブ１４を上げて隙間を大きくする（広げる）ように上側分割体２６ａを動かす、すなわち、上側分割体２６ａを図９中における反時計回りに螺動させるために、調整機構部２７の油圧シリンダを伸長側に作動させる（図１１参照）。 When the size of the crushed pieces deviates to the small side, the control unit 19 determines that the gap is too small (too narrow) and raises the upper frame 15 and the concave 14 to increase (widen) the gap. ), that is, the hydraulic cylinder of the adjusting mechanism 27 is operated to the extension side in order to screw the upper split body 26a counterclockwise in FIG. 9 (see FIG. 11).

破砕片の大きさが大きい側にずれている場合には、制御部１９は、隙間が過大である（広すぎる）と判定して、上部フレーム１５とコンケーブ１４を下げて隙間を小さくする（狭める）ように上側分割体２６ａを動かす、すなわち、上側分割体２６ａを図９中における時計回りに螺動させるために、調整機構部２７の油圧シリンダを縮長側に作動させる（図１２参照）。
この調整は、破砕で得られた破砕片の大きさの分布を測定装置５０で測定した測定結果から、破砕片の大きさが当初の設定範囲に戻ったと制御部１９で判断するまで続けられる。 When the size of the crushed pieces deviates to the larger side, the control unit 19 determines that the gap is excessive (too wide), and lowers the upper frame 15 and the concave 14 to reduce the gap (narrow it). ), i.e., the hydraulic cylinder of the adjusting mechanism 27 is actuated to the retraction side in order to screw the upper split body 26a clockwise in FIG. 9 (see FIG. 12).
This adjustment is continued until the control unit 19 determines that the sizes of the crushed pieces have returned to the initial set range based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the size distribution of the crushed pieces obtained by the crushing with the measuring device 50 .

こうして調整機構部２７を作動させる際には、前記第１の実施形態同様、制御部１９は流体圧シリンダ１８の流体圧を制御して、この流体圧シリンダ１８で上部フレーム１５を下部フレーム２６に密着させようとする力を少し弱めて、流体圧シリンダ１８の若干の伸縮を伴いつつ、調整機構部２７の作動に基づいて上側分割体２６ａが螺動し、上部フレーム１５のコンケーブ支持部分を移動させることができるようにしている。 When operating the adjustment mechanism 27 in this manner, the control unit 19 controls the fluid pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 to move the upper frame 15 to the lower frame 26 by the fluid pressure cylinder 18, as in the first embodiment. By slightly weakening the force for close contact, the upper split body 26a is screwed based on the operation of the adjustment mechanism 27 while the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is slightly expanded and contracted, and the concave support portion of the upper frame 15 is moved. I am trying to make it possible.

このように、本実施形態に係る破砕装置においては、下部フレーム２６を上下に分割した上側分割体２６ａと下側分割体２６ｂにおける上下方向の相互の接触面をそれぞれ略螺旋状とし、上側分割体２６ａを螺動させて、上側分割体２６ａの下側分割体２６ｂに対する上下方向位置変化を得る調整機構部２７を採用し、上側分割体２６ａの螺動における回転成分の変位を調整して、上側分割体２６ａの上側の上部フレーム１５に支持されるコンケーブ１４を上下方向に移動させ、コンケーブ１４とマントル１３間の隙間の調整を行うことから、調整機構部２７の可動部分における位置変化の横方向成分をフレーム外周に沿うものとして、調整機構部２７の可動部分の破砕装置外方への突出量を抑えることができ、調整機構部２７をコンパクトに構成でき、調整機構部２７による破砕装置の占有スペース増大を回避できる。 As described above, in the crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the mutual contact surfaces in the vertical direction of the upper divided body 26a and the lower divided body 26b, which are obtained by dividing the lower frame 26 into upper and lower parts, are substantially spiral. 26a is screwed to change the vertical position of the upper split body 26a with respect to the lower split body 26b. Since the concave 14 supported by the upper frame 15 on the upper side of the divided body 26a is moved in the vertical direction to adjust the gap between the concave 14 and the mantle 13, the position of the movable portion of the adjusting mechanism 27 changes in the lateral direction. By making the component along the outer periphery of the frame, the amount of protrusion of the movable portion of the adjustment mechanism 27 to the outside of the crusher can be suppressed, the adjustment mechanism 27 can be configured compactly, and the crusher can be occupied by the adjustment mechanism 27. You can avoid increasing the space.

なお、前記第１及び第２の各実施形態に係る破砕装置においては、調整機構部１７、２７を下部フレーム１６、２６に設けるようにしているが、これに限らず、上部フレームに設けるようにしてかまわない。 In the crushing apparatus according to the first and second embodiments, the adjusting mechanisms 17 and 27 are provided on the lower frames 16 and 26, but this is not the only option, and they may be provided on the upper frame. I don't mind.

その場合、上部フレームが上側分割体と下側分割体との上下分割構造となり、下部フレームに接する下側分割体に対し上側分割体を調整機構部により上下方向に相対移動させることで、前記同様に上部フレームのコンケーブ支持部分を動かし、コンケーブとマントル間の隙間の広狭調整が行えることとなる。 In this case, the upper frame has a vertically split structure of an upper split body and a lower split body, and the upper split body is vertically moved relative to the lower split body in contact with the lower frame by means of the adjustment mechanism. By moving the concave support part of the upper frame, it is possible to adjust the width of the gap between the concave and the mantle.

１０破砕装置
１１主軸
１２コア部
１３マントル
１４コンケーブ
１５上部フレーム
１６下部フレーム
１６ａ上側分割体
１６ｂ下側分割体
１６ｃ下面
１６ｄ上面
１６ｅ、１６ｆ接触面
１７調整機構部
１７ａ調整片
１７ｂアクチュエータ
１８流体圧シリンダ
１９制御部
２６下部フレーム
２６ａ上側分割体
２６ｂ下側分割体
２６ｃ下面
２６ｄ上面
２７調整機構部
５０測定装置 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 crusher 11 main shaft 12 core 13 mantle 14 concave 15 upper frame 16 lower frame 16a upper divided body 16b lower divided body 16c lower surface 16d upper surface 16e, 16f contact surface 17 adjustment mechanism 17a adjustment piece 17b actuator 18 fluid pressure cylinder 19 Controller 26 Lower frame 26a Upper split body 26b Lower split body 26c Lower surface 26d Upper surface 27 Adjustment mechanism 50 Measuring device

Claims

A main shaft whose axial direction is tilted at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction and is supported so as to be rotatable about its upper end, a substantially conical core part that passes through the main shaft as a center and is attached to the upper part of the main shaft, and the core part A mantle that is attached to the outer periphery of the and arranged in a conical shape, and a concave that is fixedly arranged in a conical shape so as to surround the mantle, and the core part and the mantle that are integrated with the main shaft with respect to the fixed concave in a turning-type crushing device that crushes the object to be crushed that is supplied between the concave and the mantle by turning the
an upper frame disposed to surround the outer circumference of the concave and supporting the concave;
a lower frame that is disposed below the upper frame and can support the upper frame in a state in which the upper frame is closely attached without a gap and in a state in which the upper frame is raised to create a gap,
During operation of the crushing device, the upper frame or the lower frame maintains a state in which there is no gap leading to the outside between the upper frame and the lower frame, and at least the concave support portion of the upper frame is moved vertically to form the concave and the mantle. Provide an adjustment mechanism that enables adjustment of the width of the gap between
The upper frame or the lower frame has an upper and lower split structure consisting of an upper split body and a lower split body,
The adjustment mechanism includes a wedge-shaped adjustment piece inserted between the upper divided body and the lower divided body, and a predetermined actuator for moving the adjustment piece, and the actuator inserts the adjustment piece. A crushing device characterized in that the vertical position of the upper divided body, which is in contact with the adjusting piece on the upper side, is changed by varying degrees, and the concave supporting portion of the upper frame is vertically moved together with the upper divided body.

A main shaft whose axial direction is tilted at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction and is supported so as to be rotatable about its upper end, a substantially conical core part that passes through the main shaft as a center and is attached to the upper part of the main shaft, and the core part A mantle that is attached to the outer periphery of the and arranged in a conical shape, and a concave that is fixedly arranged in a conical shape so as to surround the mantle, and the core part and the mantle that are integrated with the main shaft with respect to the fixed concave in a turning-type crushing device that crushes the object to be crushed that is supplied between the concave and the mantle by turning the
an upper frame disposed to surround the outer circumference of the concave and supporting the concave;
a lower frame that is disposed below the upper frame and can support the upper frame in a state in which the upper frame is closely attached without a gap and in a state in which the upper frame is raised to create a gap,
During operation of the crushing device, the upper frame or the lower frame maintains a state in which there is no gap leading to the outside between the upper frame and the lower frame, and at least the concave support portion of the upper frame is moved vertically to form the concave and the mantle. Provide an adjustment mechanism that enables adjustment of the width of the gap between
The upper frame or the lower frame has a vertically divided structure consisting of an upper divided body and a lower divided body, and the upper divided body and the lower divided body are a lower surface that is a surface that continues in a substantially spiral shape around a predetermined center position. and one or more upper surfaces, respectively, so that the lower surface of the upper divided body and the upper surface of the lower divided body are in contact with each other,
The adjustment mechanism portion has a predetermined actuator for screwing one of the upper divided body and the lower divided body with respect to the other around the center position, and the actuator rotates one of the upper divided body and the lower divided body by the actuator. One is screwed with respect to the other to change the vertical position of the upper divided body with respect to the lower divided body, and the concave support portion of the upper frame is moved vertically together with the upper divided body. crushing equipment.

In the crushing device according to claim 1 or 2,
A control unit that controls the operation of at least the adjustment mechanism,
The control unit acquires information related to the size distribution of crushed pieces obtained by crushing the object to be crushed, and based on the information, operates the adjustment mechanism unit to operate the gap between the concave and the mantle. A crushing device characterized by adjusting the width of the to obtain crushed pieces of a desired size .

In the crushing device according to claim 1 or 2,
a control unit that controls the operation of at least the adjustment mechanism;
One end is attached to the upper frame and the other end is attached to the lower frame, respectively, and is disposed outside the upper frame and the lower frame. One or more fluid pressure cylinders that can be held in close contact with the frame and in a raised state to create a gap,
While the crushing device is in operation, the control unit operates the adjustment mechanism to move the concave support portion of the upper frame, and the fluid pressure cylinder maintains the contact state of the upper frame with the lower frame. A crushing device characterized by performing control to weaken the force to the extent that the adjustment mechanism can operate .